ENGINEERING Par ey Niel} Test Method Materials Gm9s506P Chip Resistance of Coating 1 Scope Note: Nothing in this test method supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless @ specific ‘exemption has been obtained, Note: In the event of a conflict between the English and domestic language, the English language shall take precedence. This standard describes the test procedures to evaluate the chip resistance of coatings. Method A is the contained method where the gravelometer is contsined ina constant temperature freezer and Mathod 8 is the transfer method where test panals, are transferred from a freezer to gravelometer at room temperature, 41.4. Method A must be used for material validation of exterior body coatings applied to zones A, B or C as, specified in GM14348M. Method B may be used for other zones, qualifications, and production part approvals. 2 References Note: Only the latest approved standards are applicable unless otherwise specified 2.4 Normative. ‘SAE J400 2.2GM. Guas4em 3 Test Equipment 3.1 Gravolemeter. A gravel projecting machine constructed according to design specification shown in SAE J400. (Similar type of commercial apparatus meeting these specifications can be obtained from the Q-Panel Co., 26200 First St,, Cleveland, OH 44145.) 3.2 Gravel-water-eroded alluvial road grave! passing through a 16 mm space screen but retained on a 9.5 mm space screen. Not that a mesh screen is nol a supstitute for a space screen. It is important to remove the small pieces before reusing the gravel. (Gravel meeting these specifications can be obtained trom he Q-Panel €O., 26200 First St., Cleveland, OH 44145.) 3.3 Masking Tepe, 100 mm wide. 3.4 Temperature conditioning equipment. 3.4.1. cold room or freezer of sufficient size in which the gravel projecting machine and the test specimens can be maintained at the specified temperature of testing (Method A). 3.4.2 freezer in which the test samples can be Cooled to the specified temperature. The freezer shall be located adjacent to the gravelomeier to minimize the increase in temperature of the test samples in transferring from freezer to gravelometer (Method B), 3.4.3 Chipping Rating Standards. A set of photographic standards to visually compare the area to be rated shall be used (See Figure 1 through Figure 7) 4 Test Material Not applicable, 5 Test Method 5.1 Summary of Test Method. Not applicable. 5.2 Test Sample Preparation. 5.2.1 Test Samples shall be cut from parts that are being evaluated when size and geometry of the part permit. When this is not possible, special test plaques (test panels of 100 x 300 mm are most © Copyright Decomber 2002 General Motors Comporaton All Rights Reserved “dune 2002 (Oroirating Deparment North American Enginesrng Standards, Records and Paget of 11 DDocurentationGM9508P GM ENGINEERING STANDARDS suitable) shall be prepared using the same substrate ‘material, substrate thickness, surface preparation (such as phosphatizing or’ anodizing), coating ‘material processing that duplicates that Used on the part. Note: Test Samples that are smail (nol meeting size requirements) or have 2 complex geometry must have performance requirements defined on the engineering drawing. 5.2.2 When test panels are used to evaluate a new Substrate material or coating system, the panel preparation shall be defined by the engineer requesting the evaluation. 5.3 Test Procedure. 53.1 Test specimens must be separated end conditioned for a minimum of 4 h at the temperature shown boiow unless otherwise specified: Method A... Condition at ~25 °C Method 8. Condition at -30°C Note: Actual sample temperature will increase during test because of warm air flow. Maximum sample temperature Is ~18 “C for Method A unless otherwise specified in the material specification, 5.3.2 Adjust the ar pressure on the gravel apparatus to (480 + 20) kPa (70 psi) with the air valve open keep the lid to the gravel chamber on the apparatus closed during this operation as a safety precaution. (©Copyright Desenber 2002 Genora Motors Corporation All ights Page 2 of 11 5.3.3 After adjusting the air pressure, shut off the air valve, open the lid to the gravel chamber, and collect, 473 mL of graded gravel in suitable container. Collect the ravel by scraping across the screen to allow fines to fal through. 5.3.4Place one test sample at the desired test temperature in the panel holder with the coated side facing the front of the apparatus and close the lid to the gravel chamber. 5.3.5Gravel Feed.Feed gravel manually or automatically to the air stream within 10 s interval Don't turn on fan prier to gravel feed. 5.3.6 For Method 8, gravel feed must begin with 10s of removal from the freezer. If both upper and lower ends of the panel are to be tested, the panel must be reconditioned to -30 °C after the first pint (473 mL) of gravel. 5.3.7 Shut off the air valve, open the lid to the gravel chamber and temove the tesied panel. Allow the panel to return to room temperature and remove any condensed mosture, dust and other contaminants by wiping dry with a cloth, 5.3.8 Cover the test panel with a 100 mm stip of, masking tape. Press the tape down fiimiy by rubbing, then pull off to remove any loose chips or paints, sored June 2002GM ENGINEERING STANDARDS. GMg9s08P Figure 1: GM1 and GMO[‘emosoup GM ENGINEERING STANDARDS Figure 2: GM2 Page 4 of 17 ‘June 2002GM ENGINEERING STANDARDS GM9508P. Figure 3: GM3 3 - POOR+ (© Cony December 2002 Genet! Motors Corporation Al Rghs Reserved Jane 2002, Pago § of 11nse08e GM ENGINEERING STANDARDS | Figure 4: GM4 4 - FAIR- 4 - FAIR- Page Sar 7 ‘June 2002,[GM ENGINEERING STANDARDS as08P Figure 5: GMS 5 - FAIR 5 - FAIR” {© Cony Docerbar 2002 Gana Meters Coreraon Al Rights Retercd ‘June 2002 Page oftGm9508P GM ENGINEERING STANDARDS. Figure 6: GM6 6 - FAIR+ 6 - FAIR+ . : by Ne cue . 4 2 . Seg eH i e =s @ * eh 4g _ oe « 4 e 2 a o ° a ¢ r Jal we So - 2 . : . Pago 8 of 11 ‘June 2002GM ENGINEERING STANDARDS M508" | Figure 7: GM? Tt - GOOD- 7 - GOOD- “dune 2002 Page Sof 11GM9508P GM ENGINEERING STANDARDS Figure 8: GM end GMa 9 - GOOD+ 8 - GOOD Page 1Dof 11 “dune 2002GM ENGINEERING STANDARDS GM9s08P 6 Evaluation and Rating Determine the degree of chipping by visual comparison with the photographic standards (Figure 4 through Figure 7) chipping more severe than three: should be reported as < three. Note: Chip resistance rating ten is NO chipping of coatings. There is no photograshic standard for raling ten. 7 Report Report the test temperature, chipping rating, point of failure notation (Table 71) and test metnod used (Method A or B). Table 1: Point of Failure Notation Notation | Level of Failure | Failure Type SIP | Substrate to Primor | Adhesive SiT__| Subsirate to Topcoat | Adhesive P Primer Cohesive PT Primer to Topcoat_ | Adhesive t Topcoat Cohesive PP. Primerto Primer | Adhesive Ss Substrate Cohesive 8 Safety This method may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This method does not propose to addrass all the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibilty of the user of this method to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations pror to use. 9 Coding system ‘This test method shall be given in other documents, drawings, VTS, SSTS, CTS etc. 2s follows: Test to GM8508. 40 Release and Revisions 40.1 Release. This test method originated in July 1987, revised from FBTM 54-31 10.2 Revisions. Rev | Date | Description (Organization) H_ | JUN 2001 | Updated 5.3 and 5.6. Use original pictures for Figures 1 through 7. (NA Paint) | | JUN 2002 | Revised Figures 1 throush 8. (NA Paint) (© Copyright Oecenber 2002 Genera Notars Crportin AlRights Reserved ‘June 2002 Page 11 of 11