ACTIVITY 3.

CELLS AND MEMBRANE TRANSPORT

I. Define the term or briefly describe the function of the organelle (10 points)

1. Prokaryotic cell - a type of cell that does not have a true nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.

2. Cell membrane - encloses the cytoplasm and forms the boundary between material inside the cell
and material outside it, supports the cell contents, acts as a selective barrier that determines what
moves into and out of the cell, and plays a role in communication between cells.

3. Chloroplast – organelles in which photosynthesis takes place and are found in plants and green algae.

4. Rough endoplasmic reticulum – is specked with tiny granules or ribosomes and serves as site of
protein synthesis.

5. Mitochondria – tiny bodies similar to bacteria that serve as sites for ATP synthesis or energy
conversion and site of aerobic respiration.

6. Ribosomes – are tiny bodies that serve as sites for protein synthesis, some are found on the outer
surface of ER while others are found scattered elsewhere within the cell.

7. Nucleus – is a large bubble containing the cell’s genetic code or the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and
the site of RNA synthesis and ribosomal subunit assembly.

8. Osmosis - the diffusion of water (a solvent) across a selectively permeable membrane, such as the cell
membrane, from a region of higher water concentration to one of lower water concentration

9. Active transport - is a carrier-mediated process that moves substances across the cell membrane
from regions of lower concentration to those of higher concentration against a concentration gradient

10. Endocytosis - is the uptake of material through the cell membrane by the formation of a vesicle. The
cell membrane invaginates (folds inward) to form a vesicle containing the material to be taken into the
cell. The vesicle then moves into the cytoplasm.

II. Identify the transport process and briefly explain the mechanism (10 points)

a. Exocytosis: a process where the secretory vesicles move to the cell membrane, where the membrane
of the vesicle fuses with the cell membrane, and the material in the vesicle is eliminated from the cell.

PASTRANA, MA. PAZ O. BS PSYCH 2B

 b. Diffusion c. Facilitated Diffusion d. Active transport
- The passive movement - materials diffuse across the - a carrier-mediated process that
of particle moving plasma membrane with the the uses ATP as an energy
along with the help of membrane proteins source to transport molecules
gradient. across the membrane against its
concentration gradient.

ADP ATP

e. Secondary Active Transport f. Illustrate the process of g. Illustrate the process of

-uses the energy of one
osmosis endocytosis
substance moving
down its concentration (use diagram of (use diagram of
gradient to move
another substance lipid bilayer above) lipid bilayer above)
across the cell
membrane.

PASTRANA, MA. PAZ O. BS PSYCH 2B