TCVN TIÊU CHUẨN QUỐC GIA

TCVN 6396-20:2017
EN 81-20:2014
Xuất bản lần 1

YÊU CẦU AN TOÀN VỀ CẤU TẠO VÀ LẮP ĐẶT

THANG MÁY - THANG MÁY CHỞ NGƯỜI VÀ HÀNG –
PHẦN 20: THANG MÁY CHỞ NGƯỜI VÀ THANG MÁY
CHỞ NGƯỜI VÀ HÀNG
Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Lifts for the transport of persons and goods -
Part 20: Passenger and goods passenger lifts

HÀ NỘI - 2017
 TCVN 6396-20:2017
.

Lwi noi dhu ...........................................................................................................................................5

... ...
.......................................................................................................................................7
0 Lwi ~ I W th~eu
I
. .
1 Pham vi ap dung ..............................................................................................................................
13

2 Tai lieu vien d5n .................. ....................................... 14

3 Thuet ng0 va djnh nghia ..... ..............:........................ 17
4 Danh muc cac m6i nguy, hi& ...................................... 25
5 Cac y6u c i u v& an toan val ......................................28
5.1 Y6u cAu
..
chung ............................................................................................................................. 28

5.2 ~ i 6 n thang.
g bubng may va buhng puli ........................................................................................ 28

5.3 Civa t h g va civa cabin................................................................................................................. 57

5.4 Cabin. d6i trorrg va kh6i lvwng a n bAng...................................................................................... 73

5.5 K6t &u treo. k6t c6u bu va phvwng tien b5o ve co lien quan ....................................................... 86

5.6 Cac bien phap phong ngiva cabin rwi tw do. vvqt t6c. di chuyen kh6ng djnh trv&c va .tr6i ........... 91

5.7 Ray dsn hvwng .......................................................................................................................... 108

5.9 May dsn dong va cac thi6t bj k6t hwp ........................................................................................ 116

5.1 1 Khac phuc cac 16iv& dien; phan tich I6i; thi6t bbj an toan dign ................................................... 140
..
5.12 ~ i & khign
u .C6ng tat cwc han .Cac lvu t~en.......................................................................... 146

6 Ki&mtra &c yeu d u v& an toan valhogc cac bien phap b5o ve ................................................... 156
....
6.1 Tal l~eutu5n th6 ky thugt ............................................................................................................ 156

6.2 Kiem tra thi6t k6 ......................................................................................................................... 156

6.3 Ki&m tra va thiv nghigm trvdc khi dlva vao siv dung ................................................................... 162

7 Th6ng tin cho siv dung .................................................................................................................. 167

7.1 Y6u c3u chung ...........................................................................................................................167

7.2 SB tay hvwng d5n ...................................................................................................................... 167

7.3 ~6 nhgt ky ...............................................................................................................................168
TCVN 6396-20:2017

Phu luc A (quy dinh) Danh muc cac thikt bj an toan dien ................................................
!.................. 170

j thugt ...............................................................................173
Phu luc B (tham khio) Tai lieu tuGn t h ~kji
I

Phu luc C (tham khao) ~ i 6 m

tra va thiv nghiem djnh ky. ki6m tra va thiv nghiem sau chinh siva quan
t r ~ n gho+c sau tai nan ........................................................................................................................
174

Phu luc D(tham khao) ~ u 6 n g

may .L6i vao .......................................................................................176

Phu luc E (tham khio) Cac phan lien kkt cira toa nha ........................................................................177

Phu luc F (quy djnh) Thang leo ra vao h6 thang ................................................................................

180
i

.. ..
Thv muc t a ~lieu tham khdo ................................................................................................................ 183
 TCVN 6396-20:2017
f
Lbi noi dhu
TCVN 6396-20:2017 va TCVN 6396-50:2017 thay th6 TCVN 6395:2008 va TCVN
6396-2:2009. 4

TCVN 6396-20:2017 hoan toan tvwng dvwng vdi EN 81-20:2014.

TCVN 6396-20:2017 do Ban ky thuat tieu chub qu8c gia TCVNITC 178 Thang
cuc Tieu chub Do Ivwng
may, thang cu6n va b6Ag t6i chb n g w i bien soan, ~ b n g
c h i t lvwng dk nghj, Bo Khoa hoc va CBng nghg cBng b8.

Bo TCVN 6396 (EN 81 ), Yeu cdu an toan v6 cdu tqo va ldp d?t thang may, g8m cac
p h i n sau: d

- TCVN 6396-3:2010 (EN 81-3:2000), PhAn 3: Thang may ch& hang d8n dong dign va
thiry Iyc. ,
- TCVN 6396-20:2017 (EN 81-20:2014), PhAn 20: Thang may ch& ngvwi va thang
may ch& ngvwi va hang.

- TCVN 6396-21:2015 (EN 81-21:2009lAmd 1:2012), PhAn 21 : Thang may mwi ch&
ngvwi, thang may mwi ch& ngvwi va hang trong &c toa nha dang siv dung.
- TCVN 6396-28:2013 (EN 81-28:2003), Phhn 28: Bao dong t k xa tren thang may
ch& ngvwi va thang may ch& ngvwi,va hang.
- TCVN 6396-50:2017 (EN 81-50:2014), PhAn 50: Yeu cAu vk thi6t k6, tinh toan, ki6m
tra va thb nghigm chc bo phan thang may.

- TCVN 6396-58:2010 (EN 81-58:2003), Phhn 58: Thiv tinh chju liva cira civa thrlg

- TCVN 6396-70:2013 (EN 81-70:2003), PhAn 70: Khd n3ng ti6p can thang may cira
ngvwi k6 cd ngvbi khuy6t t$t.
- TCVN 6396-71:2013 (EN 81-71:2005lAmd 1:2006), Phhn 71: Thang may ch8ng
pha hoai khi s b dung.
- TCVN 6396-72:2010 (EN 81-72:2003), PhAn 72: Thang may chea chay.
- TCVN 6396-73:2010 (EN 81-73:2005), PhAn 73: Trang thai d a thang may trong
trvwng hwp co chay.
- TCVN 6396-77:2015 (EN 81-77:2013), Phhn 77: ~p dung d6i vwi thang may ch&
ngvtri, thang may ch& ngvwi va hang trong di&u kign dong dit.
- TCVN 6396-80:2013 (EN 81-80:2003), Phhn 80: Y ~ U - c hv&
u cAi tikn an toan cho
thang may ch& ngvwi va thang may ch& ngvwi va hang.
- TCVN 6396-82:2015 (EN 81-82:2013), Phhn 82: Y8u d u n5ng cao khA n3ng ti6p
can thang may ch& ngvwi dang siv dung bao gBm cA ngvwi khuykt tat.

60 EN 81, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifis, cbn cac phhn sau:
- EN 81-31:2010, Part 31: Accessible goods only lifts.
- EN 81-40:2008, Part 40: Stairlifts and inclined lifting platforms intended for persons
with impaired mobility.

- EN 81-41:2010, Part 41, Vertical lifting platforms intended for use by persons with
impaired mobility.

- EN 81-43:2009, Part 43: Lifts for cranes.

 TCVN 6396-20:2017
1.
 TCVN 6396-20:2017
f

0.1 ~ 6 n quan
g
8

Tieu chub nay la tieu c h u h loai C the0 IS0 12100:2010 Safety of machinery - General principles for
design - Risk assessment and risk reduction.

Tieu c h u h nay d6 c$p d6n &c v8n d6 v6 may va cach ngan ngiva cac m6i nguy, tinh hu6ng rlguy hi6m
va s y kign nguy hi6m.

u di6u khoan c i a tieu c h u h loai C nay khac vwi cac noi dung th6 hien trong ti& c h u h loai A va
~ 6 &c
d

B, thi cac di6u khoan c13ati& chub loai C s5 thay th6 &c di6u khoan clja cac ti6u c h u h khac, d6i vwi
cac loai may dvwc thi6t k6 va ch6.tao tuin the0 &c di6u khoin clja ti& chuin loai C.

0.2 LLPUy chung

0.2.1 Tieu chuan nay quy djnh cac yeu d u an toan lien quan d6n thang may chCr ngvwi va thang may
.
chCr ngvwi va hang tren quan di6m b8o vg ngvwi va hang tranh &c h i ro tai nan lien quan d6n qua
trinh siv dung binh thvwng, hoat dong b5o tri va cGu ha c i a thang may.

0.2.2 Cac nguy hi6m co th6 xay ra d6i vdi thang may, xem ~ i 6 4.
u

0.2.2.1 NhOng ngvwi phai dvwc bao vg:

a) ngvwi siv dung thang may, bao g8m hanh khach va nhOng ngvwi c6 chuyen m6n va thim quykn, vi
du nhin vien b5o tri va kihm djnh (xem EN 13015);

b) nhOng ngvwi Cr khu vyc xung quanh gi6ng thang, hay b i t kjl vj tri nao trong bu8ng may va bu8ng
puli, la nhOng ngvwi co th6 bj tac dong bCri thang may.

0.2.2.2 NhCvng tai s8n phai dvwc b8o ve:

a) hang hoa trong cabin;

b) tic bo phan clja thang may;

c) toa nha nwi thang may dvwc l i p dgt;

d) khu vyc xung quanh nwi thang may dvqc l i p dgt.

CHU TH~CH:TCVN 6396-71 (EN 81-71) dwa ra them &c yeu d u v& kh5 n3ng thang may ch6ng lqi &c hanh
dong pha hoai khi SL: dung va TCVN 6396-77 (EN 81-77) dva ra them cac yeu cAu v& thang may chju dong dht

0.2.2.3 Khi kh6i Ivqng, kich thwwc valhogc hinh dang clja &c thi6t bj kh6ng cho phep di chuy6n bing
tay, thi chung phai:

a) hogc la l i p viva vwi d u kign lien k6t cho thi6t bj ning, ho$c

b) thi6t kg sao cho chung co thh khwp vwi cac c&u kign lien k6t do (vi du 16c6 ren); hoac

c) ch6 tao vCri hinh dang sao cho &c thi6t bj ning chuin c6 th6 l i p vao.

0.3 Cac nguygn tac

TCVN 6396-20:2017

0.3.1 Y9u c&uchung t

Cac nguyen tac sau dvwc sG dung trong qua trinh x i y dung tieu chuin nay:
1

0.3.2 Tieu chuhn nay kh6ng lap lai c5c quy djnh v& ky thugt chung ap dung cho c5c thi6t bj dign, cw khi
hoac kkt &u x i y dung, bao gbm c i vigc b i o vg ch8ng chay cho toa nha.

Tuy nhien, v6n can phi%thikt Igp c5c yeu c$u lien quan v& k6t d u , vi vigc lap dat thang may doi h6i cac
y6u d u dac biet hoac trong trvwng hwp sb dung thang may s6 co c5c yeu d u khst khe hwn trong cac
Iinh vuc khac.

0.3.3 Ti6u chuin quy djnh cac y6u c$u t8i thi6u cho vigc lap dat thang may vacl toa nha. 0 mat s6
qu8c gia co thd co c5c quy djnh v& x i y dung toa nha hay nhOng quy djnh khac khdng thd b6 qua.
1

NhOng diiu khoin di6n hinh bj i n h hvbng bbi v6n d& nay la nhOng nai dung v& xac djnh gia trj nh6
nhat cho chi& cao cira bubng may va bubng puli va kich thvwc cba ra vao cira chung.

0.3.4 ~i6'chuin nay chi thikt Igp c5c yeu d u , d6n mivc t6t nhit c6 th6, ma cac loai vet lieu va thi6t bj
phii dap ivng vi hoat dong an toan cira thang may.

0.3.5 Cac phvwng phap ph2n tich ,rGi ro, thugt ngO va g i i i phap ky thugt dvwc xem nhv co sb dung
d6n cac phwwng phap trong cac IS0 12100, IS0 14798 va EN 61508.

0.3.6 06 TCVN 6396-20 (EN 81-20) co th6 trb thanh mat ti6u chuin ap dung rang r%ithi kh6i lwwng
trung binh cira mat ngvwi dvwc tinh la 75 kg.

Ti6u chuin nay xac djnh dign tich cabin t8i da lien quan d6n mivc t i i dwwc thikt kk cu th6 cho cabin ( t i i
djnh mwc) va dign tich cabin t6i thi6u d6 vgn chuy6n s6 lvwng ngwwi twwng wng, dya tren d n nang
75 kg cho m6i ngvwi, d6 phat hien va ng8n hign tvwng qua tii.

0.4 Cac gia djnh

0.4.1 Y9u chu chung

Cac g i i djnh sau dwqc dung trong qua trinh x i y dwng ti6u chuhn nay:

0.4.2 GiOa khach hang va nha cung d p co c5c thba thuen va di d6n th6ng nhat v&:

a) muc dich sb dung clja thang;

b) loai va kh8i lvwng c5c thi6t bj vgn chuy6n sb dung cho vigc chit t i i va d& t i i cho cabin trong
trvwng hwp cira thang chb ngvwi va hang;

c) di&u kien m6i trvwng nhv nhiet do, do i m , mivc do ti6p xuc vwi mat trwi hogc gio, tuy6t, m6i trvwng
gn mon;

d) cac vhn d6 v& x i y dung d i n dung (vi du nhv quy djnh v& x i y dung);

e) cac khia canh khac lien quan d6n dja di6m lap dat;
 TCVN 6396-20:2017

f) vigc to5 nhiet clja cAc bo phgnIthi6t bj clja thang may yeu cAu s y th6ng gio clja gi6ng thang
valhoac khbng gian buhng maylnwi lhp dat thi6t bj;
d

g) th6ng tin lien quan d6n khia c+nh do an va do rung clja thi6t bj.

0.4.3 ~ 6vwi
i mdi thi6t bj co th6 la bo phgn trong mot thang may hoan chinh chn xem xet cac riri ro
tvwng ivng va the0 do x5y dung cac quy djnh phu hwp:

Cac bo phgn phii:

a) dvqc thi6t k6 tusn the0 quy trinh ky thuqt thbng dung (xem CEN/TR 81-12) va cac quy thc tinh toan,
d
ci, tinh d6n t i t c i cac ki6u s y c6;

b) co k6t d u cw khi va dien chhc chhn;

c) lam tiv cAc loai vat lieu ci, dc do bkn va chAt lvwng phu hwp;

e) kh6ng lam tiv cac loai vat lieu doc hai, vi du amigng.

0.4.4 Cac bo phan p h i i & tinh trang bn djnh va hoat dong t6t, sao cho vsn duy tri dvwc cAc kich thvwc
the0 yeu &u du bj mon. T A ~ci cac be phgn clja thang mhy phii qua bvwc ki6m tra d6 d i m b5o van
hanh lien tuc va an toan trong qua trinh siv dung.

Chc khoing cach th6ng thljy khi thang hoat dong dwwc quy djnh trong tieu chub nay phi! dvwc duy tri,
kh6ng chi trong qua trinh ki6m tra va thiv nghiem trvwc khi dva thang may vao s b dung, ma c6n trong
su6t qua trir~hhoat dong clja thang.

CHU TH~CH: Cac be phgn kh6ng yeu chu vigc b i o tri (vi du: kh6ng chn b i o tri ho$c ~ Z ~I I J ~ Q ' niem
C phong trong
su6t qua trinh hoat dong) v6n p h i i lu6n s5n sang d6 kiim tra.

0.4.5 Cac bQ phgn dvwc lya chon va lhp dat sao cho nhOng tsc dong co th6 dw bao dvwc tiv m6i
trvwng va nhOng diku kien lam viec dgc bigt kh6ng lam i n h hv&ng d6n s y van hanh an toan clja thang
mhy.

0.4.6 Th6ng qua viec thi6t k6 cAc bo phgn chju t5i, hoat dong binh thvwng va dac tinh an toan cca
thang may dvwc d5m b5o d6i v6i nhOng t i i trong dao dong tiv 0 O
h d6n 100 % t5i trong djnh mivc, @ng
them mot mwc qua t5i nao d6 the0 thi6t k6 (xem 5.12.1.2).

0.4.7 Theo nhOng yeu chu cca tieu chuhn nay, kh5 nsng x i y ra Idi & thi6t bj an toan dign (xem 5.1 1.2)
hoac thi6t bj an toan dung d6 ki6m tra msu ph5i tu5n the the0 nhCvng quy djnh c6a ti& chuhn nay va
kh6ng phii tu5n the0 TCVN 6396-50 (EN 81-50).

0.4.8 Ph5i c6 bien phhp d6 b5o vg ngvwi siv dung khbi nhOng sw suAt va sw b i t cAn khi siv dung
thang may.
TCVN 6396-20:2017

0.4.9 Trong nhGng trvwng hwp nhdt djnh, ngvwi sb dung co th6 co mot hanh dong thi&u than trong.
K h i nang cung luc xay ra hai hanh dong thi&u than trQngvalhoac lam dung nhGng chi d i n khi sG dung
sE kh6ng dvwc xem xet d&n.

0.4.10 N&Utrong qua trinh thyc hign c6ng viec b i o tri, mot thi&t bj an toan (khi r7gvwi sw dung kh6ng

.
thk ti&p can dvgc) bj v6 hi& hoa mot cach co chli y thi k h i ning van hanh an toan c6a thang may
.
kh6ng con dvwc d i m bao. Khi do can p h i i co cac bign phap thay th6 dk dam b i o an toan cho ngvwi
sG dung, tuin the0 dung tai lieu hvdng d i n b i o tri.

Tieu c h u h nay g i i djnh rang nhin vien b8o tri phii dvwc hudn luygn va thyc hien c6ng vigc the0 dung
4

tai lieu hvwng d8n.

0.4.11 Cac lyc the0 p h k n g ngang valhoac neng lvwng cAn xem xet sE dvwc d6 @p b nhOng di&u
tvwng ivng trong ti6u chuin nay. ~ i k hinh,
n n&u nhv kh6ng c6 muc nao trong tiGu c h u h nay neu r6 thi ,

phan ning lulwng do m6t ngvwi tac dong sE tao ra mot lyc tTnh tvwng dvwng c6 do Iwn:
..
a) 300 N;

0.4.12 Ngoai &c muc trong danh sach dvwi d i y dvwc xem xet mot &ch dac bigt, mot thi&t bj w khi
dvwc tao ra the0 dung quy trinh va yeu d u ky thuat bao g6m c i sy trvwt &p trGn ranh pu li din, sG
kh6ng bj h v h6ng d&n m6c g i y nguy hikm ma kh6ng thk phat hien dvwc trvwc, vwi diku kien t i t c i
hvwng d i n dva ra bbi nha s i n xu& da dvwc ap d u ~ g
dung.

a) divt gay he thdng treo;

b) bj dl3 va chung b t i t c i c5c liGn k&t hinh thanh bbi cap trung gian, xich va dai;

c) 16iir mot trong nhGng ba phan cw khi c6a phanh cw dign dung cho chwc ning phanh trgn banh
phanh hoac dia phanh;

d) 16ib mot bo phan lien lien quan d&n &c thi&t bj truykn dong chinh va puli may d i n dong;

e) nivt v& b he th8ng thliy Ivc (triv bo phan kich);

f) ro ri nh6 b he thdng thiy lyc (bao g6m 12bo phan kich, xem 6.3.10).

0.4.13 Co thk chip nhan trvwng hwp bo ham an toan kh6ng divng dvwc cabin trvwc khi cabin cham
vao ba giim chin, n&u khi do thang rwi t y do tiv vj tri dang divng yen b tang thip nhit.

0.4.14 Khi t6c do thang dvwc lien k&t vwi tan sd dong dien trGn bo nguan thi t6c do dwwc g i i djnh
kh6ng vvqt qua 115 % t6c do djnh mivc hoac mot t6c do tvwng ivng thip hen dvwc m6 t i trong tieu
chuan nay cho viec diku k h i h kikm tra, divng bdng t h g , ...

0.4.15 Cung cdp l6i di chuykn dk keo cac thi&t bj nang (xem 0.4.2 e)).
 TCVN 6396-20~2017

0.4.16 ~6 d5m b5o cac chGc n8ng clja thikt bj hoat dong dung trong gikng thang va (cac) bubng may,
nghia la tinh dkn lwqng nhigt t6a ra bbi thikt bj, nhigt do m6i trwwng trong gikng thang va (cac) bubng
may dwwc gi5 djnh duy tri trong kho5ng +5 "C va +40 "C.

C H TH~CH:
~ Xern HD 60364-5-51, quy dinh AA5.

0.4.17 ~ i 6 n g
thang ph5i dwqc th6ng hwi mot c2ch phu hqp the0 c2c quy djnh v& xZiy dyng, trong do
co xem xet d6n lwqng nhigt t6a ra dwqc m6 t5 bbi nha s5n xu&, cac di&u kign m6i trvwng clja thang
may va c2c giivi han dwqc cho trong 0.4.16, vi du nhw nhigt do m6i trwZrng xung quanh, do Am, anh
sang met trwi tryc ti6p, chdt lwqng kh6ng khi va do kin khi clja toa nha do c2c yeu &u v& ti6t kigm
d

n8ng Iwqng.

CHU TH/CH: Xern them 0.4.i v i E.3.

I
0.4.18 Cac 16ivao khu vyc lam vigc ph5i dwqc chi& sAng dhy dlj (xem 0.4.2).

0.4.19 Cac-hanh lang, 16idi, l6i thoat t6i thi6u khi co chay, ... ph5i khdng bj din trb b&i civa mblciva
thoat hi6m tren noc cabin vdhoec cac phwwng tign b5o ha cho c2c khu vyc lam vigc ben ngoai gi6ng
thang, v6n dwqc l%pdet the0 nhOng hwivng d8n b5o tri (xem 0.4.2).

0.4.20 ~ 6 co
u hon mot ngwiri d&ng'th&i cPng lam vigc tai mot thang may, phdi d5m b5o trang b/ dhy
dlj phwwng tign lien lac phu hqp giOa nhOng ngwwi nay.

0.4.21 Hg th6ng b5o ve c6 djnh siv dung bo rao chin vet Iy, dwqc siv dung dec thu cho vigc b5o vg
kh6i c2c m6i nguy hi6m v& cw hoc, dign va cac m6i nguy hi6m khac, va thvivng se bj thao ra trong qua
trinh b5o tri va ki6m tra djnh ky. Bo rao ch%nph5i dwqc g&n vao hg thdng b5o vg ho$c g&n vao thi6t bj
n6u he th6ng b5o vg bj thao ra.

0.4.22 Cac loai ch&t 16ng siv dung cho hoat dong clja thang thljy Iyc ph5i tuZin the0 IS0 6743-4.
 TCVN 6396-20:2017
b
 TIEU CHUAN Q U ~ G
CIA TCVN 6396-20:2017

YOU ceu an t o a n v i c h tao va lap dat thang may - Thang may

-
chb nglv&i va hang -
hen 20: Thang may chb ngw&i va thang may chb nglv&i va hang
d

Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Lifts for the transport of persons and
goods - ?

I
'
Part 20: Passenger and goods passenger lifts

1 Pham vi ap dung

1.1 Tieu chuin nay quy djnh c i c yeu d u an toan cho viec lap dat thang may rnwi c6 djnh, thang may
ch3 nguwi hoac ch3 nguwi va hang van hanh bang dsn dong ma sat, cu8ng bivc ho$c d6n dong thljy
phuc vu nhOng tAng divng xac djnh, co cabin duwc thidt k6 ch3 nguai hoac rlguwi va hang duwc
IWC,
treo bang cip, xich hoac duwc nsng bang kich va chuybn dong giOa c i c ray d6n hLvwng cC, goc
nghieng so vwi phuwng thang divng kh6ng vuqt qua 15".

1.2 Ngoai cac yeu d u clja tieu c h u h nay, phAi dAm bAo c i c yeu cAu b8 sung trong c i c truwng hwp
dac biet (thang siv dung cho nguwi khuy6t tgt, twang hwp chay, m6i truwng cC, nguy cw gsy chay n8,
di&u ki$n khi hgu r i t khac nghiet, di&u kien v& dja chin, van chuykn &c hang hoa nguy hi&m,...).

1.3 Ti& chub nay kh6ng ap dung cho:

a) thang may:

1) co h$ th6ng dan dong khac vwi c i c he th6ng d& c$p 3 1.1 ;

2) co t6c do dinh mivc 5 0,15 mls;

b) thang thljy 1 ~ c :

1) co t6c do djnh mivc vuqt qua 1 m/s;

2) n6u chinh dat van giAm ap (xem 5.9.3.5.3) vuqt qua 50 MPa;
c) thang may ldp dat rnwi d6 ch3 ngudi hoac ch3 nguwi va hang trong toa nha dang siv dung'), nwi
. . ma trong mat s6 hoan G n h do s y han ch6 clja k6t &u toa nha, mot s6 yeu d u clja TCVN 6396-20
(EN 81-20) kh6ng th6 dap ivng duwc va khi do phAi xem xet d6n TCVN 6396-21 (EN 81-21);

1) Toa nha dang sb dung la toa nha dang hogc d%dwqc sb dung trvwc khi thang may dvwc 16pdgt. Met toa nha
co k6t tau nQithht dvwc lam mwi hoan toan thi dvwc mi la met toa nha mwi.
TCVN 6396-20:2017

d) cac thi6t bj n6ng,dang gubng, thang may w m6, thang may s6n khdu, &c thi6t bj n6ng ghu t y dong,
thung ngng, may n6ng va twi n6ng cho c8ng trvwng clia cac toa nha va toa nha c6ng cong, tbi
n6ng tren tau thliy, gian n6ng th8m do hoac khoan tren bi&n, thi6t bj x6y dung va b50 dv&ng hoac
thang may w cac tuabin gio;

nay dvwc ap dung;

.
e) cac chinh sba quan trong (xem Phu luc C) cho mot thang may dvwc l i p dat trvwc khi tieu chudn
.

f) an toan trong qua trinhvan chuykn, l i p dat, sba chCva va thao dB thang may.

Tuy nhien tieu chudn nay cC, th& hOu ich dung lam cw sw tham kh5o. d

~ i 6 n bn
g va do rung kh6ng dvwc d& cAp trong ti& chuin nay vi hien v6n chwa ghi nhan dvwc mivc do
1

ma tai do cac y&u t6 nay dvwc xem nhv co hai cho qua trinh sb dung an toan va b50 tri clia thang may
(xem them 0.4.2).

1.4 Tieu chuin nay kh8ng ap dung cho thang may chw ngvwi va thang may chw ngvwi va hang dvwc
l i p dat trvwc khi ti& chudn nay dvwc d n g bb.

2 Tai lieu vien d i n

Cac tai lieu vien d6n sau rdt &n thikt cho vigc ap dung tigu chudn nay. Dbi vwi cac tai lieu vign d6n ghi
n8m c8ng b6 thi ap dung phien b i n dvwc ngu. Dbi vwi cac tai lieu vign dsn kh8ng ghi n8m c8ng bb thi
ap dung phien b i n mwi nh&, bao g8m c5 &c sba d6i. b6 sung (n6u ~ 6 ) .

TCVN 1806-1 (IS0 1219-I), He thbng va b8 phgn thiry Iyclkhi nen - Ky hi& bAng hinh v6i va sw
db mach - Phhn 1: Ky hi& bsng hinh v6i cho cac ivng dung va x& ly dCv lieu.

TCVN 4255 (IEC 60529), ~ d b50

p vg bAng v6 ngoai (m3 IP).

TCVN 65924-1:2009 (IEC 609474-1:2002), ~ h i &bjt dong &t va di&u khi6n ha ap - Phhn 4-1: C6ng t i c
tw va bo khwi dong dong cw - C8ng t i c tw va bo khwi dong dong cw ki&u dign - cw.

TCVN 6396-28 (EN 81-28), Yeu chu an toan v& cdu tao va lap dat thang may - Thang may chw
ngvwi va hang - Phhn 28: Bao dong t k xa trgn thang may chw ngvwi va thang may chw ngvwi va
hang.

TCVN 6396-50:2017 (EN 81-50:2014), Yeu d u an toan v& cdu tao va l i p det thang may - Phhn 50:
Nguyen tac thikt k6, tinh toan, ki&mtra va thb nghigm cac bo phgn thang may.

tra va thb - Phhn

TCVN 6396-58 (EN 81-58), YGu d u an toan v& d u tao va l i p dat thang may - ~ i 6 m
58: Thb tinh chju lba clia cba t h g .

TCVN 7447441:2010 (IEC 60364441:2005), H$ thbng l i p dot dign ha ap. PhAn 4 4 1 : B5o v$ an toan.
B i o v$ ch6ng di$n giat)
TCVN 7447442:2015 (IEC 60364442:2010), Hg th6ng l i p dat di$n clia c.Ac toa nha - PhAn 442:
B5o v$ an toan - B5o vg ch6ng cac 5nh hvwng v& nhigt.
 TCVN 6396-20:2017

TCVN 7447-6:2011 (IEC 60364-6:2006), H$ thang 14pdat dien ha ap - Phhn 6: Kibm tra xbc nhgn.

TCVN 6610-6 (IEC 60227-6), Cap cach dign b&ng polyvinyl clorua co dien ap danh djnh d6n va bang
4501750 V - PhAn 6: Cap dung cho thang may va cap dung cho mbi n6i chiu ubn.

TCVN 9615-5 (IEC 60245-5), Cap cach dien bang cao su cb dien ap danh djnh d6n va bang 4501750 V
- Phan 5: Cap dung cho'tharig may.

TCVN 10884-1 (IEC 60664-I), Phbi hqp d c h dien dung cho thi6t bbj trong he thdng dien ha ap - Phhn 1:
Nguyen thc, yeu &u va th13 nghiem). ,

IS0 12100:2010~', Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk
reduction (An toan may - Nguygn Iy chung cho thiht kb - Ddnh gid rlji ro va gidm nii ro).
1

IS0 13857:2008, Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the
upper and lewer limbs (An toan may - Khodng cach an toan ngin fay va chin v w n tOi vung nguy hidm.

EN 131-2:2010+Al:2012, Ladders - Requirements, testing, marking (Thang leo - Ygu c i u , th& nghiem,
ghi nhan).

EN 1993-1-1, Eurocode 3 - Design of steel structures - Part 1-1: General mles and rules for buildings
(Eurocode 3 - ~ h i hkb
t cac k6t c i u bdng thep - P h i n 1-1: Quy djnh chung va cac guy djnh cho toa nha).

EN 10305-1, Steel tubes for precision applications - - Pad 1: Seamless

Technical delivery conditions
cold drawn tubes (6ng thep cho cac ling dung chinh xdc - Di6u kien kji thugt cung cAp - Phin 1: 6ng
thdp khdng han keo nguoi).

EN 10305-2, Steel tubes for precision applications - Technical delivery conditions - Part 2: Welded cold
drawn tubes (6ng thep cho cac Ling dung chinh xac - Dihu kien kji thugt cung c i p - Phin 2: bng thep
han kdo nguai).

EN 10305-3, Steel tubes for precision applications - Technical delivery conditions - Part 3: Welded cold
sized tubes (6ng thep cho cac Ling dung chinh xac - Di6u kien kji thugt cung cAp - Phin 3: 6ng thep
han nguai djnh hinh).

EN 10305-4, Steel tubes for precision applications - - Part 4: Seamless

Technical delivery conditions
cold drawn tubes for hydraulic and pneumatic power systems (6ng thep cho cac ling dung chinh xac -
Dihu kien van chuydn kji thugt - Phdn 4: 6ng thep khdng han keo nguoi dung cho he thdng dihu khidn
bdng thljy lyc va khi nen).

EN 10305-5, Steel tubes for precision applications - Technical delivery conditions - Part 5: Welded cold
sized square and rectangular tubes (6ng thep cho cdc ling dung chinh xac - Dihu kien van chuyen kji
thugt - Phan 5: 6 n g thep han nguai hinh vudng va hinh chonhgt).

2 ) Trong he th6ng tiGu chub qu6c gia da cb TCVN 7383:2004 hoan toan tvwng dwwng IS0 12100:2003.
TCVN 6396-20:2017

EN 10305-6, Steel tubes for precision applications - Technical delivery conditions - Patf 6: Welded cold
drawn tubes for hydraulic and pneumatic power systems (6ng thep cho cac h g dung chinh xac - ~ i e u
kien van chuy6n ky thuat - ~ h d n6: 6ng thep han keo nguai dung cho he thdng di6u khi6n b h g thljy
I w va kh i nen).

EN 12015, Electromagnetic compatibility - Product family standard for lifts, escalators and moving
walks - Emission ( ~ w n thl'ch
b dien t k - Ho ti& chudn s i n phdm cho thang may, thang cudn va bang
tBi - Khi thBi.

EN 12016 , Electromagnetic compatibility - Product family standard for lifts, escalators and moving
d

walks - Immunity (Twng thich dien t k - Ho ti& chudn s i n phdm cho thang mhy, thang cubn va bBng
t i i - Chdng nhih). ,

EN 12385-5, Steel wire ropes - Safety - Stranded ropes for lifts (Cap thep - An toan - Cap bo cho ,

thang may).
-
EN 12600:2002,Glass in building - Pendulum test - Impact test method and classification for flat glass
(Vgt lieu kinh trong xBy d m g - The nghiem con lac - Phwng phap the nghiem va dap va phBn loai
kinh tam).

EN 13015, Maintenance for lifts and escalators - Rules for maintenance instructions (BBo tri cho thang
may va thang cudn - Quy tdc h w n g d8n bdo tri).

EN 13501-1, Fire classification of construction products and building elements - Part 1: Classification
using data from reaction to fire tests (PhBn loai chay clja cac sBn phdm xBy d m g va hang muc toa nha
- ~ h d n1: PhBn loai b$ng cach s e dung diY lieu t k the nghiem chay).
EN 50205, Relays with forcibly guided (mechanically linked) contacts (Role v6i ti& diem d8n h w n g
l w (k6t ndi c o khi)).

EN 50214, Flat polyvinyl chloride sheathed flexible cables (Cap det mem boc cach dien polivinyl clorua)

EN 50274, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies - Protection against electric shock -
Protection against unintentional direct contact with hazardous live parts (Co cau chuyen mach va c o
cau di6u khi6n dien ap thap - BBo ve chdng sdc dien - B i o ve ngBn n g h viec v6 y ti& xuc t r w ti&
vbi cac phdn mang dien nguy hi6m).

EN 60204-1:2006, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1: General

requirements (An toan may- Bo phan dien clja thiit bj - ~ h d n1: Yeu cau chung).

EN 60947-5-1:2004, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 5-1: Control circuit devices and
switching elements - Electromechanical control circuit devices (Co cau chuyen mach va co cau di6u
n Cac thi6t bj di6u khien mach va thanh phdn chuyen mach - Cac thi6t bj
khien dien ap thap - ~ h a 5-1:
di6u khikn mach kieu dien co).
P
TCVN 6396-20:2017

EN 60947-5-5, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 5-5: Control circuit devices) and switching
elements - Electrical emergency stop device with mechanical latching function (Co cdu chuy6n mach va
c o cdu dibu khi6n dien ap thdp - ~ h d 5-5:
n Cac thiht bj di6u khi6n mach va thanh phdn chuy6n mach -
~ h i hbj
t d h g khdn cdp b$ng dien vbi c h k niing chat c o khi.

EN 61 310-3, Safety of machinery - Indication, marking and actuation - Requirements for the location
* .
and operation of actuators (An toan cho thiht bj - Ky hi&, danh ddu va van hanh - Y i u cdu v6 vi tri va
hoat dong clia bo d2n dong)..

EN 61800-5-2:2007, Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems - Part 2: Safety requirements.
Functional (He thdng dsn dong b$ng ngudn dien co van tdc di6u chinh d w c - ~ h a 2:
n Y i u cdu an toan.
Van hanh).

)
EN 61 81 0-1, Electromechanical elementary relays - Part 1: General requirements (IEC 61810-1 (Role
dien c o so cap - ~ h a n1: Y i u cau chung (IEC 61810-1))
.
IEC 60417 , Database - Graphical symbols for use on equipment (Co s& d i l lieu - Ky hi& dd hoa sfi
dung t r i n thiht bj).

IEC 60617 , Graphical symbols for diagrams (Ky hi& dd hoa sfidung cho bi6u dd).

3 ThuQt ngiP va djnh nghia

Ti6u c h u h nay s b durrg chc thu$t ng0 va djnh nghia sau.

3.1
~ h chin
m chin c k (apron)
~ i phing,
m thing divng c h i n tiv mep ngvang cba tang hoac mep ngvang cba cabin xu6ng phia dvwi.

N g W i co thim quyin (authorized person)

Ngvwi co trach nhigm hoac ngvwi hwp phap chju trach nhigm v& vigc v$n hanh va sb dung thang may,
rrgvwi nay co th6 ti6p e n nh0ng khu vyc bj han chb (bu8ng may, bu8ng puli, va gibng thang) d6 thyc
hign b i o tri, ki6m tra hoac hoat dong civu hi).

CH~)TH~CH:Nguwi co t h h quykn ph5i co n8ng lyc thyc hien &c nhigrn vu d w c Gy quykn (xern them 3.7).

3.3
DiQntich hbu ich cua cabin (available car area)
Dign tich c i a cabin d6 chiva ngvai va hang hoa trong qua trinh v$n hanh c i a thang may.

3.4
~ h 6Iwqng
i c i n bang (balancing weight)
~ h 6lwwng
i dung d6 tibt kigm nang lvwng bang chch c i n bang toan bi) hoac mot phan kh6i lvwng c i a
cabin.
TCVN 6396-20:2017

3.5
Be giam chin (buffer)

~ h 8than
t dan h8i b cu8i hanh tr'inh thang, va bao g8m phvwng tien h3m sli, dung chht 16ng hoac lo xo
(hoac cac phvwng tien tvwng t y khac).

3.6 * .
Cabin (car)

Mot bo phan clia he th8ng thang may dung d6 chb ngvwi valhoac &c loai t6i khac.

3.7 d

Ngwwi co chuygn m6n ('competentperson)

?

Ngvwi dvwc huhn luygn phu hwp, dap kng v6 mat ki&n thkc va kinh nghigm thyc tisn, dvwc trang bj
cac hvwng dan d n thi&t d tien hanh an toan &c hoat dong the0 y8u &u v6 b60 tri hogc ki6m tra *

thang may,hogc cku he.

CHU TH/CH: Co th& ygu cAu chivng chi chivng nhgn nGng Iyc.

3.8
0 8 i trong (counterweight)

~ h 8lvwng
i d6 b6o d6m truy6n Iyc keo b h g ma sat.

3.9
Thang may tac dQngtrwc ti6p (direct acting lift)

Thang may thljy Iyc trong do pit tdng hogc xy lanh dvwc n6i tryc ti&p vwi cabin hogc khung treo clia
cabin.

3.10
Van dieu khi6n di xu8ng (down direction valve)

Van dvwc di6u khi6n bang dign trong mot mach thliy lyc d6 di6u khi6n chuy6n dong di xu6ng clia cabin.

3.11
He th8ng dieu khi6n dan dQng (drive control system)

He th8ng di&u khi6n va giam sat hoat dong clia may dsn dong thang may.

3.12
He th8ng chhng tr6i tang bang dien (electric anti-creep system)

~8 hwp &c bign phap phong ngiva cho thang thliy lyc d6 tranh nguy cw bj trdi t h g .
3.13
Mach an toan dien (electric safety chain)

Toan bo &c thi&t bj an toan dign dvwc mac sao cho thang may s6 divng khi mot trong s8 do chling
dwwc kich hoat.
L
TCVN 6396-20~2017

3.14
drp sust djnh mwc khi dAy tai (full load pressure)

~p su6t tTnh t6c dong IBn dw&ng46ngn6i, kich, van ngsn,...khi cabin mang t6i djnh mivc divng tgi tang
cao nh6t.

3.15 * .

Thang may chb n g w i va hang (goods passenger lift)

Thang may chlj yku dung cho vigc chCv hang, va thwwng co ngwwi di kem.

Ray dfin huwng (guide rails)

, Cac bo phgn civng vOng d6 dsn hw&ng cho cabin, dbi trong hoac kh6i lwwng c i n bang.

3.17 .
Dinh giQng(headroom)

~ h A gi6ng
n thang tren cung tinh tiv mgt san t h g divng cao nh6t d6n tran dinh gi6ng.

3.18
Thang may th~jyIwc (hydraulic lift)

Thang may trong do Ivc ning sinh ra tiv mot bwm dign dwa chit 16ng thljy lvc di vao kich,-tac dong trvc
ti6p host gian ti6p tren cabin (c6th6 siv dung nhiiu dong cw, bum valhoac kich).

3.19
Thang may tac d$ng gian ti6p (indirect acting lift)

Thang may thljy lwc vwi pit t6ng hoac xy lanh dwwc n6i vwi cabin hoac khung treo cabin bang cac
phwwng tien treo ( d p , xich).

3.20
Ngwwi l i p d@t(installer)

Ngwwi d6 di&u kign v& mat phap Iy hoac dwwc chju trach nhigm c6ng vigc 16pdat va van hanh thiv
nghigm c6a thang may tai dja di6m l&p dat trong toa nha.

3.21
B$ hiim an toan twc thwi (instantaneous safety gear)

Bo h3m an toan t h y hign vigc hSm hoan toan g$n nhw tivc thwi Ien ray dAn hwwng.

Kich (jack)

~8 hqp g6m mot xylanh va mot pit t6ng tao thanh mot thikt bj v$n hanh bang thliy Ivc.
TCVN 6396-20:2017

3.23
Kinh n h i h Iwp (laminated glass)

Loai kinh gBm hai hoac nhi&u I&p kinh, m8i Iwp dvqc g i n vwi nhau bing mot hogc nhibu Iwp chit 16ng
hoac vat lieu d6o.

3.24 *
Chinh t h g (levelling)

Thao tac nhim dat dvwc do chinh xac divng Gng.

3.25 d

Do chinh xac chinh tAng (levelling accuracy)

+

Khoing cach the0 phuwng divng giaa ngv&ng cba cabin va ngv&ng cba tang trong qua trinh chit t i i
hoac d& t i i clja cabin.

3.26 -
May dan dong (lift machine)

Thi6t bj dsn dong va divng thang may, bao gbm c5 dong cw, hop gi5m tbc, phanh, pulilbanh rang va
cap (d8i vwi thang may dsn dong ma sat hogc cvong bivc) hoac gBm cb bwm, dong cw bwm
tang c1~8n
va cac van di&u khikn (thang dsn dong thljy Iyc).

3.27
~ubng
may (machine room)

Khdng gian chiva may dsn dong va cac thikt bj k6t hwp dvwc bao kin bsng t r h , cac tvwng, san va c6a
ra vao, trong do dat mot phan hogc toan bo he th8ng may.

3.28
~ h i 6bi
t (machinery)

Cac thikt bj nhv: (&c) tlj di&u khikn va he th8ng truy&n dong, may dsn dong, ( d c ) cdng tAc ngubn, va
phvwng tien cho hoat dong khhn chp.

3.29
Kh6ng gian c h h may (machinery space)

Kho5ng kh6ng gian bGn trong hoac bGn ngoai gi&ng thang nwi dat mot phan hoac toan be he t h h g
may, bao gBm c5 ph6n dien tich lam vigc liGn quan dkn he th8ng may do.

C H ~ ]TH~CH:Tir may cung vCri dign tich lam vigc cira no cClng dvqc xem la khBng gian chiva may.

3.30
Bao tri (maintenance)

~ hc5t cac hoat dong &n thikt d6 d5m b5o tinh an toan, chivc nsng da djnh clja thang va cac bo phgn
clja thang sau khi hoan tdt qua trinh lap dgt va trong su6t qua trinh hoat dong.
 TCVN 6396-20:2017

C6ng tac b5o tri co thb g6m:

a) b6i trwn, Iamsach,...;
,
b) ki6m tra;

c) cac hoat dong civu ha;

d) cac hoat dong thi6t lap va diku chinh;
e) sOa chOa hoac thay th6 &c ba phan bj mon ho$c hoac h v hbng ma kh6ng lam 5nh hv3ng d6n d$c
tinh kF thuat clja thang may.
f
3.31
Van mot c h i h (non-return-valve)

I
Van chi cho phep dong ch5y di the0 mat chi&u.

Van h3m (one-way restrictor)

Van cho phep dong ch5y tw do the0 mat chi& va dong chsy han ch6 the0 chi& khac.

3.33
Be khdng chi$ vvqt t6c (overspeed governor)
Thi6t bj lam divng thang may khi t6c do clja thang dat twi mat van t6c djnh trvwc, va n 6 &n
~ thi6t s6
kich hoat bo ham an toan.

3.34
Hanh khach (passenger)
B& ky ngvwi nao dvwc van chuybn trong cabin clja thang may.

3.35
~ h i bbj
t h3m (pawl device)
ThiQtbj cw khi d6 divng qua trinh di xu6ng kh6ng chlj y clja cabin, va qua trinh b5o tri, gi0 cho no divng
y6n tr6n cac gia d b c6 djnh.

3.36
H6 thang (pit)
~ h a gi6ng
n thang phia dvdi m$t san tAng divng th6p nhht.

3.37
Thang may dsn deng cv6ng b k (bao g8m dan deng beng tang cudn cap) [positive drive lift
(includes drum drive)]
Thang may dvwc d4n dang trwc ti6p (kh6ng dwa vao ma sat) b3i tang cu6n &p va &p hoac b3i dia
xich va xich.
TCVN 6396-20:2017

3.38 t

Hoat deng c h u h bj (preliminary operation)

Qua trinh kich hoat may va pha'nhlvan thljy lyc d6 chuAn bj cho qua trinh van hanh thdng thwwng khi
cabin dang b vung civa t h g va civa khdng duqc dong hay khoa.

3.39 . .

Van giam ap (pressure relief valve)

Van gidi han ap suit d6n mot gia trj xac djnh trwCrc bang cach xa chht 16ng.

3.40
H) thdng di)n t& lap trihh dwqc trong cac ling dyng liCn quan d6n an toan c i a thang may
(PESSRAL) (programmable electronic system in safety related applications for lifts)
Hg th6ng di&u khikn, b i o vg hoac giam sat dya tren mot hoac nhi&u thi6t bj dign tiv di&u khi6n dwqc,
bao g6m t i t ci &c bo phan clja he th6ng nhw bo nguhn, cam bi6n va cac thi6t bj dAu vao khac, tap
hqp col s& d0 lieu va cac kenh truy&n thdng tin khac, va bo dAn dong va tic thi6t bj dhu ra khac, dwwc
dung trong cac wng dung lien quan d6n an toan nhw cho trong Bing A.1.

3.41
BQ hHm an toan Bm (progressive safety gear)

Bo ham an toan trong do gia t6c ham bj tac dong bbi qua trinh phanh tren ray d i n hwdng va dwqc ap
dung nh0ng bign phap dac bigt d6 han ch6 lyc tac dong Ien cabin, d6i trong hay kh6i Iwqng ciin bang b
mot gia trj cho phep.

3.42
puli (pulley room)
~u8ng
Phong d6 15pdat puli va bo kh6ng ch6 vwwt t6c, khdng chiva may d i n dong.

3.43

Tai djnh m k (rated load)

Tai thi6t k6 d6 dwqc ch& trong qua trinh vgn hanh binh thwwng clja thang, co th6 bao g6m cac thikt bj
v$n chuy6n (xem 0.4.2 Cac th6a thugn).

3.44
C djnh mGc (rated speed)
T ~ dQ

~ 6 do
c v clja cabin, la gia trj ma cAn civ vao do thang may s6 dwqc chk tao, tinh bang met tren gi4y.
~
CHU TH~CH: 6vwii thang dsn dong bang thiy Iyc:
- V,,, t6c do dinh mwc di IGn tinh bang met trGn giiiy;
- Vd t6c do dinh mwc di xuBng tinh bang met trGn giiiy;
- V, gia tri lwn han trong hai t6c do djnh mwc va V, v A Vd tinh bhng met trGn giiiy.
 TCVN 6396-20:2017

3.45
Chinh Iai t h g (re-levelling)
Thao tac, thwc hign sau khi tharlg may divng, d6 chinh lai chinh xac vj tri divng thng trong qua trinh ch3t
t i i hoac d& t5i.

3.46 . .

Cac hoat dong c@uhe (rescue operations)

NhOrlg hanh dong cu th6 theo y6u d u , thwc hien bZri nhi3ng ngwwi co nsng Iwc chuy6n m6n, nhAm giai
civu an toan cho nhi3ng ngwwi bj mac ket trong cabin hoac gi6ng thang. d

3.47
I

Van han ap (restrictor)

>
Van trong do dAu vao va d8u ra dwwc n6i qua mot dlvwng dsn bj thu hqp Iqi.

3.48 -
Van ngit (rupture valve)
Van dlvwc thi6t k6 d6 tw dong dong lai khi cC, sw sut ap qua van, do llvu Ivwng tang I6n the0 chi& dong
ch5y d%djnh, vlvqt qua mot gia trj d%dlvwc thi6t lap tnvwc.

Mach an toan (safety circuit)

Mach chiva cac ti6p di6m valhogc linh kign dign tI3 co th6 dap ivng cac yeu chu clja thi6t bj an toan dign.

3.50
Be phan an toan (safety component)
Bo phgn dvwc cung cAp3)d6 dap ivng mot chivc nsng an toan nao do khi dlvwc sI3 dung.

3.51
B@hiim an toan (safety gear)

~ h i 6 bj
t cw khi dung d6 divng cabin, d6i trong hosc kh6i llvwng c3n bing the0 chi& di xubng, va gii3
chling Zr vj tri divng yen tr6n ray dsn hlvwng trong trwwng hwp vlvqt t6c hay divt he th6ng treo.

3.52
~ i dop dam bao an toan, SIL (safety integrity level, SIL)

CAP do nay (lhy tiv mot trong ba mivc) d6 xac djnh chc yeu c8u v& dam b5o an toan d6i vwi chc chivc
nsng an toan dlvwc ldp trong he th8ng dign tiv Igp trinh dlvwc li6n quan d6n an toan, trong do &p do
dam bao an toan mivc 3 la mivc cao nhAt v& toan ven an toan va chp do dam bso an toan mivc 1 la
th4p nhht.

3' Trong Chi thj c i a Ch2u Au v& Thang may, co danh muc v& bo phgn an toan, bao g8m bo h2m an toan, be
khdng ch6 vwqt tdc, kh6a civa ting, ... Trong ti& chub nay, met sd thi6t bj khac ccng c6 th& la thi6t bj an toan
n6u ph5i chwng nhgn van hanh an toan cira chirng th6ng qua phwwng phap thiv nghigm m2u.
TCVN 6396-20:2017

3.53
Cap an toan (safety rope)

Day cap phu n6i vao cabin, d6i trong hoac kh6i lvwng c4n bang d& kich hoat bo ham an toan trong
trvwng hwp hg th6ng treo b[ divt.

3.54 . .

Van phtn ph6i (shut-off valve)

Van hai chi& van hanh bang tay co th& cho phep hoac ngsn dong ch5y the0 mot trong hai hvwng.

3.55
Kich tac dong don (single acting jack)
1

Kich trong do sw djch chuy&n the0 mot chi& la do lac dong c6a ch6t 16ng va the0 chi&u kia dvbi anh
hvwng c6a trong Iwc.

3.56
-
Khung treo (sling)
Khung kim loai mang cabin, d6i trong hoac kh6i Ivwng cSn bang, dwwc n6i vwi k6t c6u treo. Khung treo
nay ci, th& dvwc tich hwp vwi phan bao che cabin.

3.57
Dung cu d3c biet (special tool)
Dung cu siv dung rigng cho thigt bj, dwwc yeu cau sljl dung d& gi0 cho thi6t bj & trang thai hoat dong an
toan hoac cho c3c hoat dong cwu ha.

3.58
D@ chinh xac dwng t h g (stopping accuracy)
Kho5ng cach the0 phwwng dwng giOa ngw&ng cljla cabin va ngw&ng cljla tang tai thwi di&m he th6ng
diku khi&n cho dwng cabin tai t h g d6n va cac cljla dii m& hoan toan.

3.59
Thang may d6n d@ngma sat (traction lift)

Thang may ci, c3c day c3p nang dvwc dsn dong bang ma sat tren cac Einh c6a puli dsn c6a may dsn
dong.

3.60
Cap dong (travelling cable)

Cap dign m&m ci, nhiiu 16i n8i gi0a cabin va mot di&m c6 djnh.

3.61
~ i h cy h h g nhgn thw nghiem mau (type examination certificate)
Tai lieu dvwc cdp bwi mot t8 chwc chwng nhan sau khi thwc hign thljl nghigm msu, qua do xac nhan
rang msu s5n ph6m d n xem xet tuan thli the0 nhOng diiu kho5n ap dung cho s5n phAm nay.
 TCVN 6396-20:2017
t-
t
3.62
Cabin di c h u y h kh6ng djnh t r w c (unintended car movement)

~ h u y 6 ndong cda cabin kh6ng cd lenh di&u khikn, vwi cira m& cach xa vung m& civa thng, kh6ng bao
g8m &c chuy6n dong do hoat dong chhtld& tai.

3.63 . .

Vung mw khoa (unlocking zone)

Vung dvwc giwi han w phia tren va dvwi mivc san clja tAng divng, khi san cabin Cr trong vung nay civa
thng mwi cC, th6 mw dvwc. v'

Ngwwi slb dung (user)

,
Ngwbi siv dung cac djch .vu cda thang may dvwc lap d$t bao gBm ngvwi di thang, ngvwi dang chw
ngoai thng v t ~nhCvng ngvwi dvwc phep.

3.65
~ i h thang
g (well)

KhoAng kh6ng gian ma cabin, d6i trong hay khbi lvwng c5n bing di chuy6n trong do. KhoAng kh6ng
gian nay thvwng dvwc giwi han bCri day h6 thang, vach bao quanh va trhn gikng.

4 Danh muc cac m8i nguy hihm dang kh

~ i & nay
u ligt k6 tAt cA cac m6i nguy hi6m dang k6, nheng su, kign va tinh hu6ng nguy hi6m phAi dvwc
xem xet trong ti6u chub nay. Qua qua trinh danh gia d i ro, &c nguy hi6m tren dvwc xac djnh la dang
k6 d6i vwi loai may nay va ph5i co bien phap d6 loai triv hoac giAm di ro (xem BAng 1).
TCVN 6396-20:2017

Bang 1 - Danh muc cac m6i nguy hi6m dang k6 t

~6 Cac nguy hi6m dvqc ligt k6 trong Cac d i h tvwng h g

Phu lyc B cria IS0 12100:2010

1 Nguy hi6m v& cw khi do:

5.2.5;5.3.6, 5.5.3;5.6.2;5.6.3;
Qua trinh t3ng ttc, giam t8c (dong n3ng)
5.6.6;5.6.7;5.8.2;5.9.2;5.9.3
Mot thanh phin chuybn dong ti6n v6 mot bo phan c8
5.2.5;5.2.6;5.5.8
djnh
~ ) vat
6 rwi 5.2.5;5.2.6
LWChAp d5n (th6 nsng) 5.2.5 d

0'tren cao 5.3;5.4.7;5.5;5.6

~p suAt cao 5.4.2;5.9.3;tang xern 1.3
Cac chi ti6t chuy6n dong 5.2;5.3;5.4;5.5;5.6;5.7;5.8
Cac chi ti6t quay. 5.5.7;5.6.2;5.9.1
B& h g t g6 gh&, trwn trwqt 5.2.1; 5.2.2;5.4.7
Canh SAC ben KhBng co - Xern 5.1.1
Do 8n djnh Xern 0.4.3
Sivc b&n Xern 0.4.3
Nguy cw bj nghi&n 5.2.5;5.3
Nguy cw bj xen 5.3
Nguy cw bj vwivng 5.5.7;5.6.2;5.9.1 .
5.2.1;5.3.1; 5.3.8;5.4.11;5.5.3;
Nguy cw bj cu6n vao hogc rnsc ket
5.5.7;5.6.2;5.9.1;5.10.5;5.12.1
Nguy cw va cham 5.8
5.2.1; 5.2.2; 5.3.11; 5.4.7; 5.3;
- Bi trwwt, v i p va ng3 (lien quan d6n may rnoc) 5.5;5.6
- Chuy6n dong vivi thc do kh6ng kihrn soat dvqc 5.2.1;5.2.5;5.5.6;5.8
- Do do b i n cw hoc c6a cac bo phan kh6ng d6 Xern 0.4.3
- Do cac puli va tang cudn cap thi6t k6 kh6ng phu hqp 5.5.3
- Do co ngubi rwi nga tiv thi6t bj chuyen ch& 5.3;5.4.3;5.4.6;5.4.7

2 Nguy hi6m v6 di@n

~6 quang 5.11.2
Cac be phan d3n dien 5.2.6;5.11.2;5.12.1
Qua t5i 5.10.4
Cac be phgn tr& n6n d5n dien do bj I6i 5.10.1;5.10.2;5.10.3;5.11.2
~ g s rnach
n 5.10.3;5.10.4,5.11.1;5.11.2
Bivc xa nhiet 5.10.1

3 Nguy hi6m do nhigt

LGa 5.3.6
Cac d6 vat hay vgt lieu co nhiet do cao hogc thip 5.10.1
Bivc xa tiv cac ngu6n nhiet 5.10.1
 TCVN 6396-20:2017
,
Bang 1 (kdt thuc)

~6 Cac nguy hidm BWWC lief k9 trong Cac d i h t w n g wng

Phu luc B cfia I S 0 12100:2010
4 Nguy hi6m do ti6ng Bn g6y ra Kh6ng phu hwp (Xem 1.3)
5 Nguy hi6m do dao BQng Kh6ng phu hwp (Xem 1.3)
6 Nguy hibm do bhc xa
Bivc xa dign tiv tAn s6 thip 5.10.1.1.3
Bivc xa dign tiv tAn s8 v6 tuy6n 5.10.1.1.3
7 Nguy hi6m do vgt lieu hay ch6t lieu I

DQ bAt Iba 5.4.4

1
Bui 5.2.1
DQn6 Kh6ng d& c$p (Xem 1.2)
Swi 0.4.3
DQ ~ a y 5.9.3
c h i t 16ng 0.4.22;5.2.1
Nguy hi6m tip viec kh6ng chu y d6n cac nguy9n t i c
ecgon6mi khi thik k6 thiet bj, vi dy nguy hi6m tiv:
5.2.1;5.2.2;5.2.4; 5.2.5;5.2.6;
L8i vao
5.6.2;5.9.3;5.12.1
Thi6t k6 hogc vj tri tin higu chi dsn va &c bo hi& thj 5.2.6;5.3.9;5.12.1.1;5.12.4
Thi6t k6, vj tri hoijc ky hieu cda cac thi6t bj di&u k h i h
5.4.8; 5.10.5; 5.10.8; 5.10.10;
5.12.1.1;5.12.1.5
Cac lyc
5.2.1;5.2.3; 5.2.5; 5.2.6; 5.3.8;
5.3.12;5.3.14;5.4.7;5.9.2
5.2.1;5.2.2;5.2.6;5.3.10;5.4.10;
Chi6u sang cuc bo
5.10.1;5.10.5;5.10.7;5.10.8
Hoat dong Igp di Igp lai 5.12.1
Thm nhin 5.2.5;5.9.1;5.12.1
Nguy hi6m li9n quan d6n m6i t r w n g hoat Beng cua
thi6t bj
Bui va swwng mu 5.2.1
NhiQuloan dign tiv 5.10.1
Hwi Am 5.2.1,5.2.6
Nhigt do 5.2.1;5.2.6;5.3.12;5.9.3;5.10.4
Nwwc 5.2.1; 5.2.6
Gio 5.7.2.3.1a) 2)
5.2.1; 5.2.3; 5.2.4; 5.2.5;5.2.6;
Sy c
6 ngu8n 5.3.12;5.4.3;5.4.6;5.6.2;5.9.2;
5.9.3;5.12.1;5.12.3
S y c6 mach di&u khi6n 5.6.7
Khbi dong b6t ngb, van hanh qua miuclvwqt t8c bst ngb
(hogc b6t ky Ibi nao twwng ty) khi phuc hbi lai ngubn sau
5.2.1;5.2.6;5.4.7;5.6.2;5.6.5;
khi bj gian doan
5.6.7;5.8;5.10.5;5.12.2
5.6.6;
TCVN 6396-20:2017

5 Cac yi5u cAu ve an toan vahoac bien phap bao ve

5.1 Y9u c4u chung

,
5.1.1 Cac thang may chw ngvwi va thang may chw ngvwi va hang phai tuiin the0 cac yeu chu v& an
toan valhoac &c bign phap b i o vg the0 cac di&u dvwi diiy. Ngoai ra c i c thang may may ch& ngvwi va
thang may chb ngvwi ya hang phii dvwc thi& k& the0 cac nguyen d c trong IS0 12100 d6i vwi cac m8i
nguy hi6m tvwng t y nhvng kh6ng dang k6 d6 phii giai quy6t trong tieu chub nay (vi du canh sac).

5.1.2 T& c i cac nhZin,'bi&n thdng bao, ky higu va huwng d i n hoat dong phii dvwc gan c6 Qnh,
kh6ng th6 d y xoa, d8 doc va d6 hi& (nQu cAn thiQt thi b& sung them dhu hi& hay ky higu). C h h g phii
dvwc lam tiv vat lieu dli bin, dvqc dat w vj tri d8 nhin, va dvwc vi6t bang ng6n ng0 dvwc c6ng nhgn w
qu6c gia nwi thang may dvwc lap dat.

5.2 Gi6ng thang, buong may va bu8ng puli

5.2.1 Y9u cAu chung

5.2.1.1 66 tri thibt bj thang may

5.2.1.1.1 Tht c i &c thikt bj thang may p h i i nam trong g i h g thang hogc trong bu6ng may hogc bu6ng
puli.

5.2.1.1.2 ~ 6 co
u cac bij phgn clia thang may khac cung nam chung trong mot bubng may valhoac
bu6ng puli thi m6i thang may phii dvqc phiin bigt bang s6, ky t y hoac mau sac th6ng-nhht cho tht c i
cac bij phgn (may d i n dong, be di&u khikn, bij kh6ng ch6 vvwt t6c, cac c6ng tac ,...).

5.2.1.2 Tinh chuy6n dung cua gi6ng thang, bu8ng may va bu8ng puli

5.2.1.2.1 ~ i k n thang,
g bu6ng may va bu6ng puli kh6ng dvwc siv dung cho muc dich khac ngoai thang
may. Kh6ng dvwc chiva &c 6ng din, cap hoac cac thi6t bj khac khdng phii cho thang may trong
nh0ng kh6ng gian nay.

Tuy nhien g i h g thang, bu6ng may va bubng puli co th6 chiva:

a) thikt bj d6 di&u hoa kh6ng khi hoac sv&i hm cho cac khdng gian nay, kh6ng bao g6m lo sv&i hwi
nvwc va he th6ng sv&i bang nvwc ap suht cao. Nhvng bht ky thikt bj di&u khi6n hay diku chinh nao
cho thikt bl sw&i phii dvwc dat ngoai gi6ng thang.

b) thi6t bj bao chay hoac ch0a chay, vwi nhigt do hoat dong cao (vi du tren 80 OC), thich hwp cho &c
thi6t bj dign va dvwc b i o vg phu hwp khdi cac tac dong ngiu nhien.

Khi uj l i p dat he th8ng phun nvwc civu hda thi chi kich hoat he th8ng nay khi thang may divng Bn dinh
tai thng va he th6ng c$p ngubn cho thang va &c mach chi& sang dZi bj ngat b&i he th6ng c i m bi6n
phat hign liva hoac khoi.

CHU THICH:
Cac he thdng c5m bibn phat hign IGa, khoi va phun nwdc nhw tren thuoc trach nhiem clia ban qu5n
Iy toa nha.
 TCVN 6396-20:2017

5.2.1.2.2 Cac buang may co th6 chiva may dgn dong cho cac loai thang may khac nhab, vi du thang
may chi ch& hang.

5.2.1.2.3 Trong trvbng hqp gi6ng' thang dvqc bao che mot p h h theo 5.2.5.2.3, gi6ng thang duwc tinh
la khodng kh8ng gian:

a) ben trong phAn bao che n6u c6 s y hien dign c6a vach bao che;

b) nam trong khoang cach 1,50 m the0 phvwng n i m ngang tinh tiv vj tri cac bQphgn chuy6n dong c6a
thang may n6u kh8ng co &c vach bao che.

5.2.1.3 Thdng gio cho g i h g thang, bubng may va bubng puli

Gi6ng thang, bubng may &I bubng puli kh8ng dvqc sljl dung d6 cung cdp dvwng th6ng gio cho cac

, phong kh8ng thuoc he thbng thang may.

Vigc th6ng gio phai dvwc'thyc hien sao cho cac thi6t bj va dong cw, cUng nhv cac d5y tAp dien, ...
dvqc bAo vg"kh6i byi, hwi kh6i c6 hgi vB am vM.

CHU THICH: Xem them E.3.

5.2.1.4 chi& sang

5.2.1.4.1 ~ i 6 n thang
g phai dvwc trang bj he th6ng chi& sang bang dign 14pdat c6 djnh, vwi cvwng do
chi& sang nhv ben dvbi ngay c5 khi tht c5 tAc cljla ~ Z Idong, tai bht ky vj tri nao c6a cabin trong su6t
hAnh trinh trong giQng thang:

a) it nhdt 50 lux, 1,O m phia tren noc cabin the0 phvwng chi& thing d6ng;

b) it nhdt 50 lux, 1,O m phia trgn san h6 thang & bAt ky vj tri nao ma mot ngvwi co th6 divng, lam
vigc valhogc di chuykn giOa tAc khu vyc lam vigc;

c) it nhdt 20 lux ngoai khu vyc dlvqc xac djnh & muc a) va b), triv tAc vung bj che b&i cabin va &c
bo ph$n khac.

D6 dat dvqc yeu d u nay, phdi co d6 s6 lvwng bong den lap doc gi6ng thang va n6u c3n thi6t thi co
th6 lhp them bong den tren noc cabin nhv la mot phAn c6a he th6ng chi& sang gi6ng thang.

Bo ph$n chi6u sang phdi dvwc bao ve chang lai tAc t8n hai v& mat cw hoc.

Vigc cung chp ngubn chi& sang nay phai tu5n the0 5.10.7.1.

CHU T H ~ H :Co th6 cAn th6m chi& sang tam thbi khi thwc hign mot s6 d n g vigc cu th&, vi du sljl dung den c i m
tay.

May do cvwng do anh sang nen dot hvwng v& ngubn sang manh nhht khi doc gia trj lux.

g va bubng puli phdi dvwc trang bj he th6ng chi& sang bing dign lap dat c6 djnh,
5.2.1.4.2 ~ u h may
vwi cvwng do chi& sang it nhht 200 lux & mat san nwi c h lam vigc va 50 lux & mat san d6 di chuy6n
giCva cac khu vyc lam vigc. Viec cung d p nguBn chi& sang nay phAi tu5n the0 5.10.7.1.

CHU TH/CH: ~ g u b n
chi& sang nay co th& la mot ph&ncca he th6ng chi& shng gi6ng thang.
 TCVN 6396-20:2017
F

t dien trong h6 thang va trong bubng may va bubng puli

5.2.1.5 ~ h i 6b[ t

5.2.1.5.1 Trong h6 thang s6 co:

4

a) (cac) thi6t bj divng thang co th& nhin thiy va ti6p cgn dvwc khi m& civa vao h6 thang, va tiv san h6
thang, tu2n the0 &c y6u &u & 5.12.1 . I 1. (Cac) thi6t bj dGng thang dwwc lap &:

1) cac h6 thang vwi d$ s i u it hen hoac bhng 1,60 m thi c6ng tac divng thang phii &:

- trong khoing cach t6i thi&u 0,40 m the0 chi& thing dwng phia tr6n san clia tang thip nhit va t6i
da 2.0 m tinh tiv san h6 thang;
i

- trong khoing cach t6i .da 0,75 m the0 chi&u ngang tinh tiv canh phia trong cga khung civa thng;
?

2) cac h6 thang v6i do s2u lwn hwn 1,60 m thi trang bj hai c6ng t i c divng thang:
>
- c6ng 6 c phia tr6n nhm trong khoing cach t6i thi&u 1,O m the0 chi& thang dwng phia tren san clia
tAng thip-nhit va trong khoing &ch t6i da 0,75 m the0 chi&u ngang tinh tiv cqnh phia trong clia
khung cljla;

- c6ng t i c phia duwi nhm trong khoing &ch t6i da 1,20 m the0 chi& thang dwng tinh tiv san h6
thang, co th& van hanh dvwc tiv mGt khhdg gian tni i n .

3) truwng hwp h6 thang co civa ra vao, khac vwi c&a thng, thi c6ng t i c dGng thang nhm trong
khoing &ch t6i da 0,75 m the0 chi&u ngang tinh tiv cqnh phia trong clia khung civa ra vao h6 thang
va & do cao 1,20 m tinh tiv san h6 thang.

u hai civa tAng & cung mot tAng co th& dung d& lam l6i vao h6 thang thi mot civa s6 dlvwc xac
~ 6 co
djnh la civa vao h6 thang va dlvwc trang bj phlvwng tign d& ra vao.

CH~]TH~CH: Cdng tac dwng thang co th6 dulqc k6t hqp vbi bO di&u khi6n ki6m tra d w c yeu chu & b).

b) mot bo di&u khi&n ki&m tra dlvwc l i p c6 djnh the0 xem 5.12.1.5 co th& hoat dong trong pham vi
0,30 m c6a khdng gian lanh nan;

d) phlvwng tien d& di6u khi&n den gi6ng thang (5.2.1.4.1), dlvwc 16ptrong khoing cach t6i da 0,75 m
the0 chi& ngang tinh tiv cqnh phia trong cOa khung civa ra vao h6 thang va & do cao t6i thidu 1,O m
tinh tiv mat san clia tAng dung d& vao h6 thang.

5.2.1.5.2 Trong bubng may va bubng puli s6 c6:

a) mot c6rlg tac chi dlvwc sljl dung b&i nhCvng ngvwi dlvwc phep va dlvwc dgt canh mdi 16i ra vao & mot
do cao phu hwp, dung d& diiu khi6n chi6u sang cho &c kh6ng gian va khu vvc;

b) it nhit mot 6 c6m (5.10.7.2) dlvwc l i p & vj tri phu hwp cho m6i khu vvc lam vigc;

c) mot thi6t bi divng thang, tu2n the0 5.12.1 .I

1, dlvwc lap trong bubng puli cqnh I6i ra vao.
 TCVN 6396-20:2017

- [22] I S 0 14798, I-ifts (elevators), escalators and moving walks - Risk assessmedt and reduction
v

methodology (Thang may, thang cu6n va bang t5i - Danh gia rlji ro va phwwng phap lugn g i i m nii ro.
-,.
[23] TCVN 8040 (IS0 7465), 'rhang may va thang djch vu - Ray dsn hwdng cho cabin va d6i trong -
5

- .
Ki6u ch0 T.
re-

$ - . _