8

138

Muscles Acting On UL=Unilateral action, BL=Bilateral action, SP=Spinous process of vertebra

Spine
Chapter 5 – Muscles That Move the Axial Skeleton

(all spinal
Spine Lateral Innervation T12 L1 L2 L3
segments)
Flexion Extension Flexion Rotation Other (Notes)
(1-3) --- ERECTOR SPINAE GROUP --- ESG :

1. Spinalis cervicis Most medial

Dorsal primary
column of ESG.
X divisions of N
" thoracis spinal nerves
(goes SP to SP)

2. Longissimus capitis
Upper fibers
UL Dorsal primary
move head/neck, Intermediate
" cervicis BL UL (may assist) divisions of N
lower fibers move column of ESG. spinal nerves
to same side
trunk
" thoracis
3. Iliocostalis cervicis
UL Dorsal primary
Most lateral
" thoracis BL UL (may assist) divisions of N
column of ESG. spinal nerves
to same side
" lumborum

(4-6) --- TRANSVERSOSPINAL GROUP --- TSG: (deep to ESG)

4. Semispinalis UL Most superficial

Dorsal primary
BL to opposite divisions of N
(capitis,cervicis,thoracis) A major function of TSG group spinal nerves
side
of TSG group
UL is to stabilize Dorsal primary
5. Multifidus BL to opposite the spine, Next deepest divisions of N
side one vertebra spinal nerves
Mastering Muscles & Movement

on another.
6. Rotatores UL Dorsal primary
BL to opposite Deepest divisions of N
(longus and brevis) side spinal nerves

OTHER :
BL UL Reverse O/I: Used in breathing:
Lumbar plexus
7. Quadratus Lumborum UL: "hip hike" Stabilizes rib #12 N N N N
(lumbar) (lumbar) during inhalation
(T12, L1-L3)
BL: anter. pelvic tilt
(More muscles See also See also
for the action) ----> Table 9 Table 9
Innervation 806A

Table 8 (B) - Spine - Synergists & Antagonists