Name_________________________________Program & Year__________________Score____________

Subject: EDUC 2( Facilitating) Teacher: Mrs. Jean M. Cavalida Date: April 15, 2021
Type of Activity:
⎕ Concept Notes ⎕ Laboratory ⎕ Individual ⎕ Quiz ⎕ Formative ⎕ Summative
Drawing out
the best
⎕ Exercise/Drill ⎕ Art/Drawing ⎕ Pair/Group ⎕ Others, specify_____________________________
in you!

MODULE 7: FOCUS ON LEARNING

TOPIC 1- Social Learning Theory
TOPIC 2- Purposive Behaviorism

Learning After the students have read this module and supported with their readings in the
E-books, they should be able to:
Targets:
1. explain Tolman’s purposive behaviorism
2. explain Bandura’s social learning theory
3. Give specific applications of each theory in teaching

Reference/s: Lucas, M. R. D. & Corpuz, B. B.,(2017). Facilitating Learning: A

metacognitive process. LORIMAR Publishing Inc.

Concept/Digest : ( Read and study the concept, you can even add more information. Just search in the
Google Website for each topic)

With new researches, explanations provided by the basic principles of behaviorism appeared not to satisfy
all learning scenarios. New theories came into view which maintained some of the behaviorist concepts but
excluded others, and added new ideas which later came to be associated with the cognitive views of learning. The
neo-behaviorists then, were a transitional group, bridging the gap between behaviorism and cognitive theories of
learning.

ACTIVITY

Focus activity: “Solving a Maze”

Situation: Suppose you are confronted with this difficult situation, how would you solve?
 ANALYSIS
1. What strategy did you use when you are confronted with this kind of situation? Have you encountered
error? How many attempts you usually made in order to get the correct way out?
2. Was it easier to solve the maze? Why? Or why not?
3. What did you learn from the activity?
ABSTRACTION
 NEO BEHAVIORISM: TOLMAN AND BANDURA
Tolman’s Purposive Behaviorism
 Purposive behaviorism- referred usually as Sign
Learning theory and often seen as the link
between behaviorism and cognitive theory.
Tolman’s theory was founded on two
psychological views: those of Gestalt
psychologists and those of John Watson, the
behaviorists.
 Tolman believed that learning is a cognitive
process. learning involves forming beliefs and
obtaining knowledge about the environment and
revealing that knowledge through purposeful and
goal-directed behavior. He stated that in his sign
theory an organism learns by pursuing signs to a
goal. ex. learning is acquired through meaningful
behavior.
 Tolman’s Key concepts:
a. Learning is always purposive and goal-
directed.- it means individuals do more than
merely respond to stimuli: they act on beliefs,
attitudes, changing conditions and they strive
toward goals.
b. Cognitive maps of location- it would help the
individuals perform well on a specific problem,
the tendency also to select the shortest and
easiest path to achieve a goal.
c. Latent learning- means a kind of learning that
remains or stay with the individual until needed.
It can exist even without reinforcement.
d. Reinforcement not essential for learning.
Tolman believed that reinforcement is not
essential in learning although it provides an
incentive. Since learning remains in the
individual until needed.
Social Learning Theory
Albert Bandura- famous on his work for social
learning theory
The theory focuses on the learning that occurs
within a social context. It means that people learn
from one another, including concepts such as
observational learning, imitation and modelling.
General principles of social learning theory:
People can learn by observing the behavior of
others and the outcomes of those behaviors.
Learning can occur without a change in
behavior.
Cognition plays a role in learning. Social
learning theory has become cognitive in its
interpretation of human learning.
Awareness and expectations of the
reinforcements or punishments can have a major
effect on the behaviors that people exhibit.
Social learning theory can be considered a bridge
or a transition between behaviorist learning
theories and cognitive learning theories, For
behaviorist, learning has to be represented by a
permanent change in behavior.
While social learning theorists say that because
people can learn through observation alone, their
learning may not necessarily be shown in their
performance.
Learning may or may not result in a behavior
change.
According to Bandura, people are often
reinforced for modeling the behavior of others.
the observer is reinforced by the model.
the observer is reinforced by a third person.
 The observer might be modeling the actions of
someone else.
the imitated behavior itself leads to
reinforcing consequences. Many behaviors that
we learn from others produce satisfying or
reinforcing results.
Three stages of Observational Learning:

o Exposure- observation of action

o Acquisition-learning an activity
o Acceptance- whether or not the observer
uses the modeling cues as a guide for his or
her behavior
Three effects of observation and imitation
1. Modeling Effect- an observer attends to and
imitates a new model, but the behavior must
be those they are capable of doing.
2. Disinhibitory effect- modeling can release a
whole class of behavior that is usually
inhibited.
3. Eliciting effect- the observer can match the
model’s behavior with responses already in
their repertoire of learned earlier.
Observation of models can lead to the acquisition
of new responses and change the frequency of
behavior already learned.
Aggression- children exposed to aggressive
models tend to respond to frustration with
considerable aggression.
Moral judgment- reinforcement patterns play a
vital role in the development of self-control.
Positive reinforcement increases the frequency of
aggressive responses.
Delay of gratification- the ability to delay
gratification is determined by the expected
outcome as seen in direct personal experiences of
models such as parents, peers and self-reactions.

APPLICATION
 5-Minute Non-Stop Writing begins… Now!

From this module on neo-behaviorism: Tolman and Bandura, I learned that…

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Output will be submitted on April 18, 2021 (Sunday)

Date & Schedule of Class: April 15, 2021 ( Thurs-8:00-9:30 AM)
-9:30-12:00NN

Teacher: Mdm. Jean M. Cavalida, MAGC, MSP, RGC

EDUC. 2, Teacher
TAKE NOTE: Tasks to be submitted are only in the part of “ Analysis and Application”
Do not include the other parts