EXPERIMENT NO:03

NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT: Study of DSB-SC modulation.

Objective:
1.To understand the operation theory of double sideband suppressed carrier(DSB-SC)
modulator.
2.To understand the waveforms and frequency spectrum of DSB-SC.
3.To design and implement the DSB-SC modulator.
4.To understand the measurement and adjustment of DSB-SC modulators.
Basic theory:
DSB-SC is a modulation system similar but different to AM (which was explored in
Experiment1).
Like AM, DSBSC uses a microphone or some other transducer to convert speech and music
to an electrical signal called the message or baseband signal. The message signal is then used
to electrically vary the amplitude of a pure sinewave called the carrier. And like AM, the
carrier usually has a frequency that is higher than the message’s frequency.
Figure1 below shows a simple message signal and an unmodulated carrier. It also shows the
result of modulating the carrier with the message using DSBSC.
So far, there doesn’t appear to be much difference between AM and DSBSC. However,
consider Figure2 below. It is the DSBSC signal at the bottom of Figure1 but with dotted lines
added to track the signal’s envelopes (that is, its positive peaks and negative peaks).If we
look at the envelopes closely we’ll notice that they’re not the same shape as the message as is
the case with AM.

Instead, alternating halves of the envelopes form the same shape as the message as shown in
Figure3 below.

Another way that DSBSC is different to AM can be understood by considering the

mathematical mode that defines the DSBSC signal:
DSBSC = the message * the carrier
Do we see the difference between the equations for AM and DSBSC? If not, look at the AM
equation in Experiment 5(page 5-3).
When the message is simple sinewave (like in Figure1) the equation’s solution(which
necessarily involves some trigonometry)tells us that the DSBSC signal consists of two sine
waves:
 One with a frequency equal to the sum of the carrier and message frequencies
 One with a frequency equal to the difference between the carrier and message
frequencies
Importantly, the DSBSC signal doesn’t contain a sine wave at the carrier frequency. This is
an important difference between DSBSC and AM.
That said, as the solution to the equation shows, DSBSC is the same as AM in that a pair of
sine waves is generated for every sine wave in the message. And like AM, one is higher than
the unmodulated carrier’s frequency and the other is lower. As message signals such as
speech and music are made up of thousands of sine waves, thousands of pairs of sine waves
are generated in the DSBSC signal that sit on either side of the carrier frequency. These two
groups are called the sidebands.
So, the presence of both sidebands but the absence of the carrier gives us the name of this
modulation method – double-sideband, suppressed carrier(DSBSC).
The carrier in AM makes up at least 66% of the signal’s power but it doesn’t contain any part
of the original message and is only needed for tuning. So by not sending the carrier, DSBSC
offers a substantial power saving over AM and its main advantage.
Required Equipment:
1.Power supply (ETEK – 2002 module)
2.Signal Generator (ETEK – 2002 module)
3.Oscilloscope
4.ETEK ACS-3000-03 module
Circuit Diagram:
Working Procedure:
1. To implement a DSBSC modulator as shown in Figure3-1 on ETEK ACS-3000-03
module.
2. At the audio signal input port (Audio I/P), input a 300mV amplitude and 1kHz sine wave
frequency. Next at the carrier signal input port (carrier I/P), input a 300mV amplitude and
100kHz sine wave frequency.
3. By using oscilloscope, observe on both the audio signal output ports TP1 and TP2 at the
same time. Next adjust variable resistor “QPS” so that the phase difference between TP1 and
TP2 is 90 degree. By using oscilloscope, observe on both the carrier signal output ports TP3
and TP4 at the same time. Next adjust variable resistor “Phase Adjust” so that the phase
difference between TP3 and TP4 is 90 degree.
4. By using oscilloscope, observe on the output signal waveforms of DSB-SCq demodulation
output port(TP5). Next adjust variable resistor VR1(gain adjustment) so that the output
amplitude is maximum without distortion, and also adjust variable resistor VR3(modulation
index adjustment) so that the center level of upper peak and lower peak are 0V or the
modulation index in 100%.
5. By using oscilloscope, observe on the output signal waveforms of DSBSC modulation
output port (TP6). Next adjust variable resistor VR2 (gain adjustment) so that the output
amplitude is maximum without distortion, and also adjust variable resistor VR4 (modulation
index adjustment) so that the center level of upper peak and lower peak are 0V or the
modulation index is 100%. Finally, record/draw the measure results in Table3-1.
6. According to the input signals in Table3-1, repeat step 3 to 5 and record/draw the measured
results in Table3-1.
7. According to the input signals in Table3-2, repeat steps 3 to 5, then record/draw the
measured results in Table3-5.
Measured Results:

Some technical questions:

1. What feature of the Multiplier module’s output suggest that it’s a DSBSC signal?
2. For the given inputs to the Multiplier module, how many sine waves does the DSBSC
signal consist of, and what are their frequencies.
3. Why does this make DSBSC signals better for transmission than AM signals.

Report Format:
Report should be written by following below steps:

1.Objective
2.Basic Theory
3.Equipment/Apparatus
4.Connector diagram or Block diagram
5.Input, Output
6.Discussion
7.Answer to the given question