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Construction Definition

Construction came from the word to construct which means to build or to put together out of
artificial or natural components or parts. Construction involves how something is built or the
nature of its structure. It is also the commercial activity in repairing old structures or constructing
new ones

Types of Construction
Fire Resistive – Type I
 A well-constructed building in which no structural steel is exposed and all vertical
openings are protected.
 Reinforced concrete, precast concrete, and protected steel frame construction meet the
criteria for Type I construction.
 Generally seen in high-rise residential and commercial buildings.
Non-combustible/limited combustible – Type II
 Ordinarily composed of unprotected metal structural components.
 Often recognizable from the exterior. From the interior, evidence of unprotected steel
at ceiling level is a giveaway.
 Metal framing members, metal cladding, or concrete-block construction of the walls
with metal deck roofs supported by unprotected open-web joists are the most
common forms of Type II construction.
 These structures have a one- to two-hour rating depending on building components
(half rating of Type I).
Ordinary – Type III
 Generally found in older schools, mercantile, business, and residential structures.
 Full dimensional lumber.
 Fire-cut joists (allow floors to collapse and masonry walls to remain standing).
 Exterior walls and structural members constructed of non-combustible materials.
 Interior walls, columns, beams, floors, and roofs are completely or partially constructed
of wood.
Heavy timber – Type IV
 Constructed of solid structural members consisting of 6×6, 8×8, and larger dimensional
lumber.
 Modern heavy timber structural members are often engineered by using laminated
lumber. These members can fail much faster as the laminate glues that hold them together
can degrade and vaporize under heat conditions.
 Found in mill factories, barns, churches, new and renovated office spaces, etc.
Wood frame – Type V
 Used in the construction of single- and multiple-family dwellings, commercial, out
buildings, etc.
 Interior wall coverings may be of plaster or drywall.
 May be composed of solid dimensional lumber (Legacy-allows for more burn time and
better structural integrity under fire conditions).
 May be composed of engineered light weight wood and laminate components (promotes
rapid fire spread and reduced structural stability) used in ceiling and floor trusses, and
other composite structural components.
 Platform, balloon, log, post and beam, and plank and beam are all forms of wood frame
construction.

Importance of Construction
Construction is an important sector that contributes greatly to the economic growth of a nation.
Moreover, three factors highlight the importance of construction influence on human
development, impact on the economy, and linkage to other industries.
Construction allows for key projects and infrastructure, without new construction within towns
and cities societies could suffer from a lack of facilities and infrastructure which they may need
to flourish thus undermines human development. People need roads, bridges, buildings, houses,
and many more to continue living in a more productive society.
The construction industry is one of the largest economic activities in a county nation’s working
population depends on construction and its allied activities for their livelihood. the investments
made in the construction industry which is very much required for the economic development of
our nation. These investments increase opportunities.
The Construction Industry is an investment-led sector where the government shows high interest.
Government contracts with Construction Industry to develop infrastructure related to other
industries such as the health, transport as well as education sector. For the prosperity of any
nation, Construction Industry is quintessential.

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