2021 DSE Phy Mock Marking Scheme

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2021 年香港中學文憑考試模擬考試
HONG KONG DIPLOMA OF SECONDARY EDUCATION MOCK EXAMINATION 2021
Marking Scheme
評卷參考
Pa pe r 1 Sect io n A 卷一甲部
1. D 16. D
2. C 17. C
3. D 18. B
4. A 19. C
5. C 20. B
6. C 21. C
7. C 22. B
8. A 23. A
9. A 24. C
10. C 25. B
11. B 26. B
12. D 27. B
13. A 28. C
14. A 29. D
15. A 30. B
31. A
32. D
33. A
版權所有不得翻印
2021-DSE-MOCK-PHY 2

Section A Suggested Solution 甲部答案詳解
1. D
(1) 
(2)  Room temperature is a constant.
室溫是常數。
(3)  Evaporation can occur at any temperature.
蒸發現象在任何溫度都會發生。
2. C
0.01 ( 3.34 105 ) + 0.01 4200  (T − 0 ) = 0.01 3850  ( 50 − T )

T = −18.3o C
It means the ices will not be melted completely.
這表示了冰塊不會完全熔化。
The amount of ices melted:

冰塊熔化的質量：
0.01 3850  ( 50 − 0 ) = m  ( 3.4 105 )

m = 0.006kg
 mice = 0.01 − 0.006 = 0.004kg , m juice = 0.01 + 0.006 = 0.016kg
3. D
(1)  For constant volume 對於固定體積, p  T
1
(2)  For constant temperature 對於固定溫度, V 
p
(3)  For constant pressure 對於固定壓強, V  T
2021-DSE-MOCK-PHY 3

4. A
(1)  For t  t1 , v A is positive and vB is negative. For t1  t  t2 , v A is negative and vB is positive.
當 t  t1 ， v A 是正值，而 vB 是負值；當 t1  t  t2 ， v A 是負值， vB 是正值。
(2)  A having a positive displacement while B having a negative displacement, the separation
increases.
A 的位移是正，B 的位移是負，因此兩物體的距離增加。
(3)  The displacement of A is negative while the displacement of B is positive. They have the same
magnitude but opposite direction.
A 的位移是負值，而 B 的位移是正值，它們的位移大小相同但方向相反。
5. C
vY2 = 2 gs XY
vZ2 = 2 g ( 2s XY )
Hence, we have因此 :
vZ2 2
=
vY2 1
vZ 2
=
vY 1
6. C
In figure (a), take moment about A and let the perpendicular distance
between W and A be d:
在圖(a)，考慮作用在A的力矩，設d是重量至A點的垂直距離：
12  d = 1.2 10
d = 1cm
In figure (b), take moment about B:

在圖(b)，考慮作用在B的力矩：
12  ( 4 − 1) = F 10
F = 3.6 N
2021-DSE-MOCK-PHY 4

7. C
For the object remains stationary: 對於靜止的物體：
f = W sin 
f  sin 
8. A
(1)  Peter falls freely for P to Q.
由 P 至 Q，彼得的落下是自由落下。
(2)  From Q to R, the gain in elastic PE equal to loss in gravitational PE and KE.
由 Q 至 R，繩子獲得的彈性勢能等於彼得失去的動能及重力勢能。
(3)  Net force on Peter = W – T, as T increases with the extension, it is lower than W and then greater
than W.
作用在彼得上的淨力是 W – T，由於 T 隨繩子延展而增大，它先小於重量，之後大於重
量。
9. A
By conservation of momentum, momentum remains the same
跟據動量守恆定律，動量保持不變。
p = mv when p is constant, mass decreases, speed increases.
p = mv 當中p是常數，質量減小時速率增大。
1 p2
KE = mv 2 = , when p is constant, mass decreases, KE increases.
2 2m
1 p2
KE = mv 2 = ，當p保持不變，質量減小時動能增大。
2 2m
10. C
2s 2 2
time of flight飛行時間 = = = 0.639 s
g 9.81
consider horizontal motion考慮水平運動：
s x = vx t
20 cos  = ( v cos  )  0.639
v = 31.3ms −1
2021-DSE-MOCK-PHY 5

11. B
(1) 
 v2
 R sin  = m v2
 r  tan  =
 R cos  = mg rg

when r decreases, v also decreases.
當r減小，v亦減小。
(2) 
R sin  = mac
The acceleration remains constant.

加速度保持不變。
(3) 
1 2 1
Mechanical energy機械能 = mv + mgh = m ( tan   rg ) + mgh
2
2 2
when both r and h are decreased, the mechanical energy will also decrease.
當 r 與 h 都減小時，機械能亦會減小。
12. D
G  ( 6.58 1023 )
3.63 =
R2
R = 3.48 106 m
 2 
2
Mm
G 2 = mr  
r  T 
4 2 r 3
T=
GM
4 2 ( 3.48 106 + 100 1000 )
3
=
G  ( 6.58 1023 )
= 6422 s  1.78h
2021-DSE-MOCK-PHY 6

13. A
(1)   = 10  1.25 = 8cm
4 1
(2)  The highest possible period = 0.3  = 0.4 s . Hence, the lowest frequency = = 2.5Hz .
3 0.4
4 1
最大可能的週期是 = 0.3  = 0.4 s ，因此最低可能的頻率是 = = 2.5Hz
3 0.4
(3)  v = f  = 2.5  8cm = 20cms −1
14. A
(1)  The compression travels to the right, P should move to right to form a compression at next
instant.
波動的密部往右傳送，P 需要往右移動形成下一時刻的密部。
(2)  wavelength is the shortest distance between two consecutive compression/rarefaction.
連續兩個密部/疏部的距離是波長。
1 1 1
(3)  0.2 = T ,1 T , 2 T ... The speed of wave cannot be determined.
2 2 2
1 1 1
0.2 = T ,1 T , 2 T ... ，由此波速無法判定。
2 2 2
15. A
The speed of wave increases when water wave travels from shallow region to deep region. It bends
away from normal. Also, the wavelength increases.
當水波從淺水區到深水區時，其波速上升，因此會偏離法線偏折，並且波長增加。
2021-DSE-MOCK-PHY 7

16. D
(1)  When the separation between A and B = 1.5 , three antinodes can be observed.
當 AB 間的距離增加至 1.5 時就會形成三個波腹。
(2)  When f increases, wavelength decreases.
當 f 增加，波長會縮短。
(3)  Speed of travelling wave decreases when tension of string decreases, hence, wavelength also
decreases.
行波的波速隨繩子的張力減少而減慢，因此波長亦會縮短。
17. C
y9 9   D 1 9
tan  = =  =
D a D a
 9  690 10  −9
 = tan −1  −2 
= 3.55o
 0.01  10 
18. B
1 10−3
d= = 2.5 10−6 m
400
4n5
d
4 5

2.5 10−6 2.5 10−6
4 5
 or 
  6.25 10−7 m 5 10−7  
19. C
By law of refraction 利用折射定律：
X sin  r sin (180 − 90 − 50 )

o 0 o
vx
= = = = 0.839
vair air sin i sin 50o
2021-DSE-MOCK-PHY 8

20. B
(1)  If the screen is moved, the image cannot be formed on screen to form sharp image.
若屏幕移至其他位置，影像便不會在屏幕上形成清晰影像。
(2)  When the object distance increases, image distance decreases. Image will not form on screen.
物距增加時，像距會減小。影像不會在屏幕位置形成。
1 1 1 1 1 1
(3)  By lens formula, + = , a sharp image will be formed at screen again. + = .
x y f y x f
1 1 1 1 1 1
利用透鏡公式 + = ，影像會再次在屏幕上產生 + = 。
x y f y x f
21. C
As L1 and L2 emits sound in anti-phase, destructive interference occurs at O. Due to the attenuation of
sound travelling in air, the higher order of interference, the lower intensity of it.
由於 L1 和 L2 發出反相的聲波，O會發生相消干涉。同時聲音在空氣中傳播時會隨距離而衰減，
所以干涉的強度級數越高，其強度會越弱。
22. B
23. A
 1  Q1  1  Q2
  2 = 
 4 o  d  4 o  ( 3d )
2
Q2 = 9Q1
At P :
 1  Q1 Q1
E1 =   =
 4 o  ( 2d ) 16 o d
2 2
 1  9Q1 Q1
E2 =   = = E1
 4 o  ( 6d ) 16 o d
2 2
2021-DSE-MOCK-PHY 9

24. C
Initially, the electric force on the oil droplet is downward: 開始時，油滴身上的靜電力向下：
W + Fe = ma
mg + Fe = m ( 2g )
Fe = mg
V
since Fe =  q, when the separation d is halved, Fe will be doubled
d
when the terminal of power supply is reversed, Fe will be upward.
V
因為Fe = q，當距離d 減半，靜電力增至兩倍：
d
當電源的極性反向，Fe會變為向上：
mg − 2 Fe = ma
mg − 2 ( mg ) = ma
a = − g ( upward 向上 )
25. B
I 1
(1)  slope = = . As the slope of graph from 0 to 4V is increasing, resistance is decreasing.
V R
I 1
斜率 = = 在 0 至 4V 之間線圖的斜率上升，因此電阻減小。
V R
(2)  When V > 4V, slope is constant.
在 V > 4V 時，斜率是常數。
(3)  When V > 4V, if the graph is extended backward, it does not pass origin. I doesn’t vary directly
with V.
在 V > 4 V 時，若把線圖往後延伸，它並不穿過原點，說明 I 與 V 的關係並非正比例。
2021-DSE-MOCK-PHY 10

26. B
4
V = 4 = 2.7V
2+4
27. B
28. C
(1)  by left-hand rule. Also the direction of electron opposite to current.
利用左手定則，並注意電流的方向與電子相反。
mv me ( 4.5 10 )
6
(2)  r = = = 5.12  10−3 m

Bq ( 5 10 ) e
−3
v 4.5 106
(3)  f = = = 140 106 Hz
2 r 2 ( 5.12 10 )
−3

29. D
From the view of observer, by lenz’s law, induced current produce an effect to oppose the change.
從觀察者角度考慮，並利用楞次定律：感生電流的方向產生與磁場變化抗衡的效果。
30. B
N 
(1)  Vs =  s  V p , Vs remains the same.
N
 p 
N 
Vs =  s  V p ，因此 Vs 保持不變。
N
 p 
N 
(2)  When S is closed, the equivalent resistance decreases, I s increases. I p =  s  I s , I p also
N
 p 
increases.
N 
當 S 閉合，電路的等效電阻降低， I s 增加， I p =  s  I s ，所以 I p 亦增加。
N
 p 
(3)  P = Vp I p , P increases with I p .
P = Vp I p 當 I p 增加時 P 亦增加。

31. A
(1)  All kinds of radiation can be detected when the source is held close to the GM tube.
當放射源靠近蓋革—彌勒管時，任何一種放射都可以被測到。
(2)  Both αandβ can be stopped by a sheet of aluminium.
α和β都會被鋁片阻擋。
(3)  Only α particles can show a straight track in cloud chamber.
只有α粒子才能在擴散雲室中形成直線軌跡。
32. D
(1)  under βdecay, the mass number of nuclide remains the same.
在β衰變中核素的質量數保持不變。
(2)  X under one αand one β decay to form Z, but the sequence is not known.
X 進行一次的α衰變及一次的β形成 Z，但中間的先後次序無法判定。
(3)  neutron number decreases in both αandβdecay.
無論α衰變還是β衰變都會使中子數減少。
33. A
300 10−13 = 187 MeV = 0.201u
mBr = ( 235.043 + 1.008) − (148.001 − 3  1.008 − 0.201) = 84.825u

Section B 乙部
Solution Marks Remarks

1. (a)
E = mcT + mlv 1M
= 1 4200  (100 − 25 ) + 1 ( 2.26 106 )
= 2.58 106 J 1A
2
(b)
Einput = Pt = 400  (13  3600 ) = 18.7 106 J 1A
5  2.58  106
efficiency =  100% 1A
18.7  106
= 70.0% 1A
3
(c)
Pt  0.7 = E 1M
800  t  0.7 = 5  2.58  10 6
t = 23036s
 6.40h 1A
2
答案分數備註
1. (a)
E = mcT + mlv 1M
= 1 4200  (100 − 25 ) + 1 ( 2.26 10 6
)
= 2.58 10 J6
1A
2
(b)
Einput = Pt = 400  (13  3600 ) = 18.7 106 J 1A
5  2.58  106
效率 =  100% 1A
18.7 106
= 70.0% 1A
3
(c)
Pt  0.7 = E 1M
800  t  0.7 = 5  2.58  10 6
t = 23036s
 6.40h 1A
2


2. (a) Any TWO of the following:
-Gas consists of molecules moving randomly
-Collisions between gas molecules and the wall of the container are 1A
perfectly elastic. 1A
-The size of the molecule is negligible compared with the size of
the container.
-Intermolecular forces between molecules are negligible.
-The duration of a collision is negligible compared with the time
interval between collisions.
2
(b)
pV = ( nR ) T 1M
(180 − 100 ) 103  ( 6200 10−6 ) = n  8.31 ( 27 + 273) 1A

n = 0.199mol
2
(c)
As temperature remains unchanged, the average speed of
molecules unchanged. 1A
When air escapes, the number of air molecules inside the
football decreases and then the frequency of air molecules
hitting the wall of football decreases. 1A
As a result, the pressure decreases.
2
(d)
rate of no. of mole of air pumpled =

(100  10 )(180  10 )
3 −6
8.31  ( 27 + 273) 1M
= 7.22  10 −3 mols −1
0.199
 The time required = = 27.6s 1A
7.22  10−3
2

答案分數備註
2. (a) 下列任意兩項：
-氣體由進行無規運動的分子組成。
-氣體分子與容器壁的撞擊是完全彈性。 1A
-與容器相比，分子的大小可以忽略。 1A
-分子間的力可以忽略。
-與兩個連續碰撞的時距相比，撞擊時那一刻的時間可以忽
略。
2
(b)
pV = ( nR ) T 1M
(180 − 100 ) 103  ( 6200 10−6 ) = n  8.31 ( 27 + 273) 1A

n = 0.199mol
2
(c)
由於溫度不變，空氣分子的平均速率保持不變。 1A
足球漏氣時，足球內的空氣分子數量減少，使空氣分子撞
擊足球內壁的頻率也降低。 1A
因此，空氣的壓強下降。
2
(d)
每秒填入籃球的分子摩爾數 =
(100  10 )(180  10 ) 3 −6
8.31  ( 27 + 273) 1M
= 7.22  10 −3 mols −1
0.199
 所需的時間 = = 27.6s 1A
7.22  10−3
2


3. (a) The rocket/compressed air exert a force on water. 1A
By Newton’s 3rd law, the water has a upward reaction
force acting on rocket/compressed air. 1A
When the upward reaction force is larger than rocket’s
weight, By Newton’s 2nd law, it obtain an upward 1A
acceleration.
3
(b)
(15) − ( 0 )
a= = 50ms −2 1A
( 0.3) − ( 0 )
L − W = ma
1M
L − 0.15  9.81 = 0.15  50
L = 8.97 N 1A
3
(c) (i)
1A
(ii)
v = u + gt
0 = 15 + ( −9.81) t
t = 1.53s
( 0.3 + 1.53) 15 1M

Max height = area = = 13.7m
2
v 2 = u 2 + 2 gs
v 2 = 0 + 2  −9.81 13.7
1A Accept v = 16ms −1
v = −16ms −1
v = u + gt
−16 = 0 + ( −9.81) t
t = 1.67 s
 T = 1.83 + 1.67 = 3.5s 1A
4
(d) Refer to the graph in (c)(i) 2A 1 A for upward motion with
more negative slope
2 1 A for downward motion
with less negative slope

答案分數備註
3. (a) 水火箭/壓縮空氣對水施加一個作用力， 1A
跟據牛頓第三定律，水會對水火箭/壓縮空氣施加一
個向上的反作用力。 1A
當向上的反作用力大於水火箭的重量時，跟據牛頓
1A
第二定律，水火箭會獲得一個向上的加速度。
3
(b)
(15) − ( 0 )
a= = 50ms −2 1A
( 0.3) − ( 0 )
L − W = ma
1M
L − 0.15  9.81 = 0.15  50
L = 8.97 N 1A
3
(c) (i)
1A
(ii)
v = u + gt
0 = 15 + ( −9.81) t
t = 1.53s
( 0.3 + 1.53) 15 1M

最大高度 = 面積 = = 13.7m
2
v 2 = u 2 + 2 gs
v 2 = 0 + 2  −9.81 13.7
1A 接受 v = 16ms −1
v = −16ms −1
v = u + gt
−16 = 0 + ( −9.81) t
t = 1.67 s
 T = 1.83 + 1.67 = 3.5s 1A
1 A 給予負值更大斜率的向
4 上運動
(d) 已繪畫在(c)(i)的圖中。 2A 1 A 給予負值更小斜率的向
2 下運動


4. (a)
W = KE + PE + W f 1M
1
430000 = ( 2000 ) v 2 + 2000 (9.81)(10 ) + 300 ( 20 )
2
1A
v = 15.1ms −1
2
(b)
10
sin  =
20
 = 30o 1A
24 = (15.1cos 30o ) t
1A
t = 1.84s
 2
h = 10 −  ( −15.1sin 30o ) (1.84 ) + ( 9.81)(1.84 ) 
1
 2 
h = 7.29m 1A
3
(c) Add a layer of cushion on the surface of perform. 1A Any reasonable answer can
It can increase the impact time and reduce the force on the car. 1A increase the impact time
答案分數備註
4. (a)
W = KE + PE + W f 1M
1
430000 = ( 2000 ) v 2 + 2000 (9.81)(10 ) + 300 ( 20 )
2
1A
v = 15.1ms −1
2
(b)
10
sin  =
20
 = 30o 1A
24 = (15.1cos 30o ) t
1A
t = 1.84s
 2
h = 10 −  ( −15.1sin 30o ) (1.84 ) + ( 9.81)(1.84 ) 
1
 2 
h = 7.29m 1A
3
(c) 在平台上加一層軟墊。 1A 任何能增加碰撞時間的合理
這樣能增加到達平台時的撞擊時間，從而減輕撞擊力。 1A 方法


5. (a) two sources vibrating in same frequency and constant
phase difference. 1A
1
(b) Constructive interference: H, I 0.5 A
Destructive interference: J, K, L 1.5 A
1 A for L
2
(c)
1A 1 A for correct amplitude and

period
1A 1 A for correct shape
1A 1 A for particle J correct
Particle I Particle J
3
(d)
path difference = 1.5 1M
9 − 6 = 1.5
1A
 = 2cm
2
(e)
2cm 1A
new wavelength = = 1cm
2
9−6
n= =3
1
1A
 constructive interference occurs at L.
2

答案分數備註
5. (a) 兩個振源相同頻率及恆相位差振動。 1A
1
(b) 相長干涉：H, I 0.5 A
相消干涉：J, K, L 1.5 A 1 A 給予 L
2
(c)
1A 1 A 給予正確振幅及週期
1 A 給予正確形狀
1A
1A 1 A 給予質點 J 正確形狀
質點 I 質點 J
3
(d)
程差 = 1.5 1M
9 − 6 = 1.5
1A
 = 2cm
2
(e)
2cm 1A
新的波長 = = 1cm
2
9−6
n= =3
1
1A
 在 L 會發生相長干涉
2

答案分數備註
6. 使用光柵的托架以及支架的鉗子把光柵固定在支架上。
1A 1 分給予固定光柵在支架上
把光柵放在白板前方距離 D (大約 0.8 m)處，光柵需正面面向
白板。 1A 1 分給予設好光柵與白板的
距離 D
使用雷射筆垂直地照射至光柵平面，使白板上產生亮紋。 1A 1 分給予對光柵射出雷射
利用麥克筆把中央亮紋與第一級亮紋的位置標示出來。 1 分給予標示亮紋位置
1A
使用米尺量度中央亮紋與第一級亮紋的隔距 y 。 1A
1 分給予量度亮紋距離。
光柵每 mm 的線數量可由下式算出：
1   y   1 1A
每mm線的數量 = = sin  tan −1     −4 1 分給予正確單位下的方程
d   D   3.95  10 mm
式。
不接受用  作為波長的符號
在方程式中
6

6. Use the slit holder and the clip of stand to mount the grating on the 1 mark for setting the grating
stand. 1A on holder
Place the grating at the distance D (about 0.8 m) from the screen. 1A 1 mark for setting the
The orientation of the grating should face towards the screen. separation between grating
and screen D
Use the laser point to direct a light normal to the plane of grating
to obtain a number of fringes on screen. 1A 1 mark for directing the light
Use the marker to mark the position of centre bright fringe and
first order bright fringe on the screen. 1A 1 mark for marking the
position of fringes
Use the metre ruler to measure the distance between the centre
bright fringe and first order bright y . 1A 1 mark for measuring the
fringe separation
The number of lines per mm of grating can be found by:
 1 mark for equation with
1  y   1
number of lines per mm = = sin  tan −1     −4 1A correct unit.
d   D   3.95 10 mm NOT accept using  in
equation
6


7. (a) The lens is a concave lens 1A
because ray r is a diverging light. 1A
2
(b) (i) correct position of image 1A
correct size of image 1A
correct light ray 1A
(ii) correct position of focus 1A
(c) correct light ray from image to observer 1A
correct light ray from A to lens 1A
2
(c)
1A
1A
1A
6
(d) size of image increases. 1A Accept red light refracts less
It is because the refractive index of red light is lower. 1A
2

答案分數備註
7. (a) 凹透鏡 1A
因為光線 r 是發散光。 1A
2
(b) (i) 正確影像的位置 1A
正確影像的大小 1A
正確的光線 1A
(ii) 正確焦點的位置 1A
1A
(c) 由影像至觀察者的光線正確
1A
由 A 至透鏡的光線正確。
(c)
1A
1A
1A
6
(d) 大小變大。 1A
因為紅光的折射率比較低。 1A 接受紅光的偏折較少
2


8. (a)
i should be connected to C
j should be connected to A
k should be connected to B 1A
1
(b) (i)
25  25
R = 25 + = 37.5 1A
25 + 25
V 2 2202
P= = = 1290W 1A
R 37.5
(ii)
mcT
P  0.7 =
t 1M
0.02  2100  (T − 20 )
1290  0.7 =
1
T = 41.5 C o 1A
(iii)
Low mode 1A
5
(c)
cost = Pt  $0.85
1M
 1290 + 220  0.8 
=   ( 35 12 )  $0.85
 1000  1A
= $523
2

答案分數備註
8. (a)
i 應連接至 C
j 應連接至 A
k 應連接至 B 1A
1
(b) (i)
25  25
R = 25 + = 37.5 1A
25 + 25
V 2 2202
P= = = 1290W 1A
R 37.5
(ii)
mcT
P  0.7 =
t 1M
0.02  2100  (T − 20 )
1290  0.7 =
1
T = 41.5 C o 1A
(iii)
普通模式 1A
5
(c)
電費 = Pt  $0.85
1M
 1290 + 220  0.8 
=   ( 35  12 )  $0.85
 1000  1A
= $523
2


9. (a) When the copper ring enters the magnetic field, the flux
increases. 1A
by lenz’s law, induced current should flow in anti-
clockwise direction 1A
to oppose the flux change. 1A
3
(b) The speed of ring leaving magnetic field is lower than that
of entering the field. 1A Accept a magnetic force in
It is because part of kinetic is loss to the heating effect of opposite direction
current. 1A
2
(c)
 = IR
= ( 6.2  10−6 )  ( 4 )
= 2.48  10−5 V 1A
A
 =B 1M
t
5  10−4
2.48  10−5 = B 
0.6
B = 0.0298T
1A
3
(d) The ring leaving the magnetic field at a speed almost Accept both speeds are the
the same with entering the field. 1A same
1

答案分數備註
9. (a) 當銅環進入磁場時，其磁通量會增加， 1A
跟據楞次定律，銅環的感生電流以導時針方向流動 1A
以抗衡磁通量的變化。 1A
3
(b) 銅環離開磁場的速率比進入磁場時的低。 1A
接受鋁環受到一個與運動方
這是因為銅環部分的動能損耗在感生電流的熱效應。 1A
向相反的磁力
2
(c)
 = IR
= ( 6.2  10−6 )  ( 4 )
= 2.48  10−5 V 1A
1M
A
 =B
t
5  10−4
2.48  10−5 = B 
0.6
B = 0.0298T 1A
3
(d) 銅環離開磁場的速率差不多等於進入磁場時的速
1A 接受進入與離開磁場的速率
率。
相同
1


10. (a)
 particle. 1A
18 Ar →19 K + −1 
40 40 0
1A
2
(b)
3.0  10−5 g
N=  NA
40 g
1A
N = 4.52  1017
A = kN 1M
1.5 = k  ( 4.52  1017 )
k = 3.32  10−18 s −1
1A
= 1.05 10−10 yr −1
3
(c)
( )
− 1.0510−10 t
3 10−5 = 3.5 10−5 e 1M for correct substituting
1M
t = 1.47 109 year 1A value of N
答案分數備註
10. (a)
 粒子. 1A
18 Ar →19 K + −1 
40 40 0
1A
2
(b)
3.0  10−5 g
N=  NA
40 g
1A
N = 4.52  1017
A = kN 1M
1.5 = k  ( 4.52  1017 )
k = 3.32  10−18 ( 每秒 )
1A
= 1.05  10−10 ( 每年 )
3
(c)
( )
− 1.0510−10 t
3  10−5 = 3.5 10−5 e
1M 1M 給予 N 的正確代入
t = 1.47 109 年 1A
2

Paper 2 卷二
Section A: Astronomy and Space Science

甲部：天文學和航天科學
1.1. B 1.2. C 1.3. A 1.4. C

1.5. A 1.6. B 1.7. D 1.8. A
1.1. B
1.2. C
Full phase of Venus supporting the heliocentric model 金星的全相證明了日心學說。
1.3. A
A:  By Kepler’s 1st law, planets orbit around the Sun in ellipses with the Sun located in one of
the foci. Hence, the separation changes with time.
跟據開普勒第一定律，行星軌道為隋圓，並以恆星作為隋圓的焦點。因此行星與恆星的距
離隨時間而變化。
B:  By Kepler’s 2nd law, the swept area by planet is in equal time. It means that planet moves
faster when it gets close to the Sun and moves slower when it gests far from the Sun.
跟據開普勒第二定律，行星以相同的時間掃出相同的面積。表示行星接近恆星時移動較
快；遠離恆星時移動較慢。
C:  By Kepler’s 3rd law, T 2  a 3 .

跟據開普勒第三定律： T 2  a 3
D:  Refer to A
與 A 解說相同。
1.4. C
By Kepler’s 2nd law, planet at Y is the farthest from Star when planet at W is the closest to Star.
跟據開普勒第二定律，行星在 Y 時與恆星最遠；在 W 時與恆星最近。

1.5. A
(1) 
(2)  Apparent magnitude shows the degree of brightness but not the light energy per second.
絕對星等表示光亮程度，它的單位不是焦耳或瓦特。
(3)  Absolute magnitude can be a negative value.
絕對星等可以是負值。
1.6. B
2 4
LX  RX   TX 
=   
LY  RY   TY 
2 4
 6 106   3000 + 273 
2= 6   
 8 10   TY 
TY = 2383K = 2110 C o
1.7. D
(1)  Spectral type of A is hotter than that of K.
光譜型為 A 比 K 更熱。
(2)  Z is brighter than Y. The brighter the object, the lower of value of absolute magnitude.
Z 比 Y 更光亮，越光亮其絕對星等的值越小。
L
(3)  R2 = , Z having the largest luminosity and lowest surface temperature.
4  T 4
2
L
R2 = ，Z 的亮度最大，同時表面溫度最低。
4  T 4
2

1.8. A
As the light is red shifted, the direction of vr is moving away from observer:
由於光線出現紅移， vr 的方向是遠離觀測者：
 vr
=
 c
30nm vr
=
350nm c
vr = 2.57 107 ms −1
When the object moves in opposite direction, vr in direction towards observer. The light is blue
shifted:
當物體以反方向運動時， vr 的方向是面向觀察者，因此光線會發生藍移：
 vr
=
 c
 2.57  107
=
800nm c
 = 68.6nm
  = 800 − 68.6 = 731nm


1. (a) (i) Escape speed is defined as the minimum speed of an
object that can escape from the surface of earth to
infinity. 1A
1
(ii)
2GM
v= 1M
r
2G  5.97  1024
10.6  1000 =
r
r = 7.09  106 m 1A
2
(b) (i) A position will be directly above a certain location on
the equator of the Earth, with period of 24 hours. 1A
1
(ii)
GMm v2
2
=m 1A
r r
GM
v2 =
r
1 2 GMm
KE = mv =
2 2r 1A
2
(iii)
GMm  1 1 
KE =  − 
2  rP r 
G ( 5.97  1024 )( 5  104 )  1 1 
=  − 6 
 4.22  10 7.09  10 
7
2
1A
= −1.17  1012 J
1
(iv)
 1 1
U = −GMm  − 
 rP r 
 
= −G ( 5.97  1024 )( 5  104 ) 
1 1
− 6 
 4.22 10 7.09 10 
7
= 2.34 1012 J 1A
Work = KE + U = −1.17  1012 + 2.34  1012 = 1.17 1012 J 1 M+1 A
3

答案分數備註
1. (a) (i) 逃逸速率是擺脫地球表面重力到達無限遠的最低速
率。
1A
1
(ii)
2GM
v= 1M
r
2G  5.97  1024
10.6  1000 =
r
r = 7.09  106 m 1A
2
(b) (i) 在地球赤道某位置正上方的位置，其週期與地球相
同為 24 小時。 1A
1
(ii)
GMm v2
= m 1A
r2 r
GM
v2 =
r
1 2 GMm
KE = mv =
2 2r 1A
2
(iii)
GMm  1 1 
KE =  − 
2  rP r 
G ( 5.97  1024 )( 5  104 )  1 1 
=  − 6 
2  4.22  10 7
7.09  10 
1A
= −1.17  1012 J
1
(iv)
 1 1
U = −GMm  − 
 rP r 
 
= −G ( 5.97  1024 )( 5  104 ) 
1 1
− 6 
 4.22  10 7.09  10 
7
= 2.34  10 J
12 1A
需要作的功 = KE + U = −1.17  10 + 2.34  10 = 1.17  10 J
12 12 12
1 M+1 A
3

Section B: Atomic World

乙部：原子世界
2.1. B 2.2. A 2.3. B 2.4. D

2.5. A 2.6. B 2.7. A 2.8. D
2.1. B
(1)  Compare withβparticle, the path ofαparticle will not be affected by electron of atom.
對比起β粒子，α粒子的路徑不受原子的電子所影響。
(2)  The scattering of αparticle due to the electric repulsive force from the nucleus.
α粒子的散射來自原子核對它的靜電排斥力。
(3) 
2.2. A
KEmax at X = 2.6e − 2e = 0.6eV
KEmax = eVs
0.6  e = e  Vs
Vs = 0.6V
2.3. B
eVs = hf −  , As the stopping potential decreases, the frequency of light decreases.
N ( hf )
intensity = , when f decreases, number of photons per second should increases to gives the
tA
same intensity. Hence, saturated current increases.
eVs = hf −  ，由於遏止電勢減少，光的頻率減少。
N ( hf )
強度 = ，當 f 減少，強度不變下，每秒的光子數量會增多，使飽和電流增大。
tA
2.4. D
E32 = E41 − E43 − E21
hc hc hc
hf = − −
1 2 3
1 1 1
f =  − − c
 1 2 3 

2.5. A
hc
KEloss =

1 hc
me v 2 − 1 e =
2 550 10−9
v = 1.07 106 ms −1
Since energy is transferred to oxygen atom, the collision is inelastic.
因為有能量傳至氧原子，這個碰撞是非彈性。
2.6. B
 h
 = 2mE
 
   =
h 2
 =
 2 ( 4m ) E
2.7. A
  700 10−9 
 s = D  1.22  
  d 

 s = D ' 1.22  500 10 
−9
2  
  d 
D 7
2= 
D' 5
D ' = 0.7 D
D = D − 0.7 D = 0.3D
2.8. D


2. (a) (i) Any one of the following:
A beam of electrons was emitted towards a piece of crystal. 1A 1A for only answering
The scattered electrons at different position shows maximum diffraction
and minimum. It shows the interference. 1A
OR
A beam of electron is shot towards a thin graphite/crystal. 1A

There are rings observed on the fluorescent screen. The rings 1A
show the interference.
2
(ii) Electron wave in circular motion exist in the
form of stationary wave. 1A
Only when the circumference of orbit equal to the
integral multiple of wavelength can form stationary
wave. 1A
2
(iii) It is fifth-excited state. 1A
2 r = n 1M
 h 
2 (1.9110−9 ) = 6  
 me v 
v = 3.64  105 ms −1 1A
3
(b) (i) As the wavelength of electron is much shorter than that
of visible light. 1A
 1.22 
By Rayleigh criterion   min =  , it gives higher
 d 
1A
resolving power.
2
(ii) The image formed on fluorescent screen in TEM is a real
image while the image formed by optical microscope is
a virtual image. 1A
1

答案分數備註
2. (a) (i) 下列任何一項：
把電子束正面射向晶體， 1A 只說出繞射現象只給 1A
在不同位置測量散射的電子會測到極大值及極小
值，說明電子具干涉性質。 1A
把電子束正面射向薄石墨片或晶體， 1A
在石墨片/晶體後方的螢光屏幕上看到不同大小的圓形亮 1A
環，說明電子具干涉性質。
2
(ii) 電子波在圓周軌道上形成駐波。 1A
只有圓周周長是電子波長的整數倍情形下才會產生
駐波。 1A
2
(iii) 第五激發態 1A
2 r = n 1M
 h 
2 (1.9110−9 ) = 6  
 me v 
v = 3.64  105 ms −1 1A
3
(b) (i) 由於電子波的波長比可見光短， 1A
 1.22 
透過瑞利判據   min =  ，電子波可得到較強的
 d 
分辨能力。 1A
2
(ii) TEM產生在螢光屏上的影像是實像。而光學顯微鏡
下看到的影像是虛像。 1A

Section C: Energy and Use of Energy

丙部：能量及能源的使用
3.1. D 3.2. B 3.3. A 3.4. A

3.5. B 3.6. C 3.7. C 3.8. D
3.1. D
 
 E = 4 r 2
 E
E =  o  EY =
 cos 60 8
 Y  r 
2
 4  o 
  cos 60 
3.2. B
A:  The efficacy of Y is higher than that of X.
Y 的光視效能比 X 高。
B:  Luminous flux shows the brightness of bulb, but not light energy.
光通量表示燈泡的光亮度，但不是以焦耳作單位。
900 500
C:  PX = = 40W , PY = = 15W
22.5 33.3
D:  The luminous flux of X is higher than that of Y.
X 的光通量比 Y 高 Z 難日木
3.3. A
The reason of induction cooker having higher efficiency than that of electric hotplate is that the heat
is generated directly at the bottom of cookware. For electric hotplate, heat should be transferred from
the coil to the cookware with large amount of heat lost to surrounding. Notice that induction also has
heat lost to surrounding, but it is much lesser than electric hotplate.
電磁爐有效高的能源效益是因為它能直接在器皿上產生熱，相比起來，電熱平板爐在線圈產
生的熱傳至器皿的過程中有大量的熱流失至四周。注意電磁爐其實亦有熱流失，但遠比電熱
平板爐低。
3.4. A
Qh
cc + Pinput =
t
cc 5.04 106
cc + =
3 30  60
cc = 2100W

3.5. B
Qc kAT
A:  = which is not depended on the colour.
t d
Qc kAT
= ，從方程可以看到它與顏色無關。
t d
B: 
k
C: U = , For the same material, thermal transmittance will be different if their thickness are
d
different.
k
U= ，即使是同一物料，在不同厚度下亦會有不同的熱傳送系數。
d
D:  OTTV measures the rate of heat transfer per unit area. It can also describe heat loss from the
building.
OTTV 量度的是單位面積下熱的轉移率，它亦能表示建築物的熱流失。
3.6. C
3.7. C
E = 7.719 − ( 4  1.112 ) = 3.271MeV = 3.51 10−3 u
3.8. D
 ( r 2 ) v 3
1
P=
2
1
P ' =   ( 0.75r )  (1.25v ) = 1.10 P
2 3
2  


3. (a)
E = P  0.7  t 1M
15kWh = (1kW  0.01N )  0.7  5.52h
1A
N = 388
2
(b) (i)
P = fv 1M
 1000 
P = 14.4   60  
 3600 
P = 240W 1M
2
(ii)
240 1A
Power output of battery = = 1200W
0.2
E = Pt
1M
15kWh = (1.2kW ) t
t = 12.5h 1A
s = vt = 60  12.5 = 750km 1A
4
(c) Rechargeable batteries are required to ensure a Accept answer concerning
continuous stable electricity supply to the car. 1A climate/daytime or nighttime
1
(d) Because of long time of recharging and short range of
travel. 1A Accept other reasonable
answer.
1

答案分數備註
3. (a)
E = P  0.7  t 1M
15kWh = (1kW  0.01N )  0.7  5.52h
1A
N = 388
2
(b) (i)
P = fv 1M
 1000 
P = 14.4   60  
 3600 
P = 240W 1M
2
(ii)
240 1A
電池的輸出功率 = = 1200W
0.2
E = Pt
1M
15kWh = (1.2kW ) t
t = 12.5h 1A
s = vt = 60  12.5 = 750km 1A
4
(c) 可充電式電池能連續穩定地提供電動車所需的電接受天氣因素/白天與晚間
力。 1A 造成的影響
1
(d) 因為電力車充電時間長但里程短。 1A
接受其他合理答案
1

Section D: Medical Physics

丁部：醫學物理學
4.1. A 4.2. B 4.3. A 4.4. D

4.5. C 4.6. C 4.7. D 4.8. B
4.1. A
1 1 1 1
P= + = + = 2.57 D
u v 0.25 −0.7
4.2. B
(1)  The power of his eye is lower than required value, light bends less through the lens and
form an image behind the retina.
他眼睛的焦強比需求值低，表示光線經過晶體後偏折較少，因此影像會形成在視網膜
後方。
(2)  Peter suffers from long sight.
彼德患有遠視。
(3)  long sight requires convex lens for correcting.
遠視需要使用凸透鏡糾正。
4.3. A
(1)  The near the middle ear, the smaller in cross-section area of external auditory canal.
沿外耳道越接近中耳，其截面積越小。
(2)  middle ear can amplify all kind of sound.
中耳能增益所有聲音。
(3)  The region near the tip of the cochlea vibrates more vigorously with low frequency.
耳螖遠端位置的基底膜在低頻率時移動幅度比較大。
4.4. D
(1)  both fibre bundle can transfer light when it is bent slightly.
兩種光纖管束都能夠在輕微屈曲下傳送光線。
(2) 
(3) 

4.5. C
Z fat = 950 1440 = 1.37 106 kgm −2 s −1
Z kidney = 1040 1557 = 1.62 106 kgm −2 s −1
Z muscle = 1070 1542 = 1.65 106 kgm −2 s −1
Z bone = 1380  2700 = 3.75 106 kgm −2 s −1
( Z − Z1 )
2
As  = 2 , kidney-muscle interface gives the lowest intensity reflection coefficient.

( Z 2 + Z1 )
2
( Z − Z1 ) ，腎臟—肌肉介面的反射聲強系數是最弱。
2
由於  = 2
( Z 2 + Z1 )
2
4.6. C
I = I o e−  x
Io
= I o e −  5
5
 = 0.322cm −1
ln 2
half-value thickness半值厚度 = = 2.15cm
0.322
4.7. D
4.8. B
Radiopharmaceuticals can be introduced into the body by either injection or ingestion.
放射藥物可以被注射或攝取入身體。


4. (a) (i)
I = I o e−  x 1M
−2.5 
0.0052 I o = I o e
 = 2.10cm −1 1A
2
(ii) As the difference in attenuation coefficients in bone
and fat is the greatest, the difference of transmitted
intensities is also the greatest. 1A
The X-ray image taken with bone and fat gives the
largest contrast. 1A
2
(iii) The part of white of he’s lungs may be filled with fluid. 1A
1
(b) (i)
A = 45 − 10 − 25 = 10 ( tissue ) 1A
1A No mark without calculation
C = 35 − A = 35 − 10 = 25 ( bone )
1A
B = 60 − 10 − C = 60 − 10 − 25 = 25 ( bone )
3
(ii) any TWO of following:
-High contrast resolution
-It can distinguishing different types of tissue which
have similar attenuation coefficients.
-CT images can be displayed as three-dimensional
image 1 A+1 A
2

答案分數備註
4. (a) (i)
I = I o e−  x 1M
−2.5 
0.0052 I o = I o e
 = 2.10cm −1 1A
2
(ii) 由於骨骼與脂肪的衰減系數差距最大，X 射線穿過
後的強度差也是最大。 1A
所以骨骼與脂肪的影像其對比最高。 1A
2
(iii) 胸腔白色部份可能充滿了體內的流體。 1A
1
(b) (i)
A = 45 − 10 − 25 = 10 (組織) 1A
1A 沒有計算步驟不給予分數
C = 35 − A = 35 − 10 = 25 (骨骼 )
1A
B = 60 − 10 − C = 60 − 10 − 25 = 25 (骨骼 )
3
(ii) 以下任意兩個：
-高對比解像度
-它能夠區別各種不同但線性衰減系數差不多的軟
組織。
-它能顯示成三維影像。
1 A+1 A
2

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Section A Suggested Solution 甲部答案詳解

0.01 ( 3.34 105 ) + 0.01 4200  (T − 0 ) = 0.01 3850  ( 50 − T )

The amount of ices melted:

0.01 3850  ( 50 − 0 ) = m  ( 3.4 105 )

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當 t  t1 ， v A 是正值，而 vB 是負值；當 t1  t  t2 ， v A 是負值， vB 是正值。

In figure (b), take moment about B:

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The acceleration remains constant.

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X sin  r sin (180 − 90 − 50 )

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(2)  r = = = 5.12  10−3 m

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Solution Marks Remarks

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(180 − 100 ) 103  ( 6200 10−6 ) = n  8.31 ( 27 + 273) 1A

rate of no. of mole of air pumpled =

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(180 − 100 ) 103  ( 6200 10−6 ) = n  8.31 ( 27 + 273) 1A

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( 0.3 + 1.53) 15 1M

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( 0.3 + 1.53) 15 1M

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1A 1 A for correct amplitude and

1A 1 A for particle J correct

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Section A: Astronomy and Space Science

1.1. B 1.2. C 1.3. A 1.4. C

C:  By Kepler’s 3rd law, T 2  a 3 .

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