BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE, PILANI

WORK INTEGRATED LEARNING PROGRAMMES

COURSE HANDOUT

Academic Term Semester I, 2020-2021

Course Title Sanitation Financing and Project Management

Course ID No. SSTM ZG514

Lead Instructor Dr. Sunny Kumar Singh and Dr. Raman VR

Instructor(s) Dr. Sunny Kumar Singh and Dr. Raman VR

Course Description

This particular course will have two modules – Sanitation Financing and Project
Management.
The Sanitation Financing module will give an overview of current trends and needs in
sanitation financing within the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) framework. It highlights the
issues related to sanitation financing, particularly in lower- and middle-income countries, with
examples from African and Asian countries. Students will become familiar with sanitation
financing options available at national and local level and their impact on the local municipal
budget, as well as with novel and innovative sanitation financing approaches including private-
public partnerships. The module will enable the students with some fundamental concepts and
theories of finance market in general, and then relating these in the contexts of sanitation financing.
The participants will gain practical knowledge to develop the costing and financing of a financially
viable sanitation project.
The project management module will enable participants to develop a comprehensive
sanitation project, Project Implementation Plan (PIP) and Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning
(MEL) plan. Participants will gain knowledge on the project management cycle and various
approaches and frameworks used for result-based project management. Participants will also
acquire hands-on experience on developing a sanitation project by applying the ‘Theory of Change’
approach. The course also underlines enhancing skill in planning to implement and develop the PIP
and MEL plan. The participants will apply MS Project software to transfer the PIP, which will
support them in becoming effective project managers.

Scope and Objectives

The scope and objective of the course is to: -
a. Internalise main approaches and theories on water and sanitation financing
b. Understand the public and private financing aspects of water and sanitation
c. Learn key fundamental conceptual and theoretical aspects of finance market, and
relate the same with water and sanitation financing
d. Analyze water and sanitation financing from specific study cases, particularly
 from lower- and middle-income countries.
e. To understand the concept of project management and need of the same in water
and sanitation sector.
f. To understand the sector demands through technical, political economy, market
and financial analyses, for guiding selection and prioritization of water and
sanitation projects.
g. To learn defining the project scope, work breakdown structure and
development of project network, including loading, scheduling and
allocation of resources
h. To discuss application of project management in the water and sanitation structure

Textbook(s) (TB)
Sanitation Financing

 EUWI-FWG (2011): Financing for Water and Sanitation A Primer for Practitioners and
St Primer for Practitioners and Students in Developing Countries
http://sanitationandwaterforall.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/euwi-fwg-primer-on-
financing-final.pdf
 World Bank and UNICEF (2017), “Water for All: How can the financing gap be filled?”
Discussion paper for Sanitation and water for all.
 Guy Hutton and Mili Varughese (2016), “The costs of Meeting the 2030 SDG targets of
Drinking water, sanitation and hygiene”, Water and Sanitation Program, 2016.
 UN Water Glass 2017 report: financing universal water, sanitation and hygiene under the
SDGs, WHO.
 Trémolet, Sophie; Kolsky, Pete; Perez, Eddy. 2010. Financing On-Site Sanitation for the
Poor : A Six-Country Comparative Review and Analysis. Water and sanitation program
technical paper. World Bank, Washington, DC. © World Bank.
https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/17265
 Trémolet, S. (2011). "Identifying the potential for results-based financing for sanitation."
Water and sanitation program: Working Paper. WSP. Washington, DC: World Bank
 Mishkin, Frederic S. (2010) The Economics of Money, Banking and Financial Markets
(Addison-Wesley) Ninth Edition (select chapters)
 USAID Philippine Water Revolving Fund (PWRF) Support Program (2011): Guide to
Developing Microfinance Programs for Water Supply and Sanitation:
https://files.globalwaters.org/water-links-files/pwrf-Guide-to-Developing-Microfinance-
Programs-for-Water-Supply-and-Sanitation.pdf
 United Nations (2018), “Report of the Inter-agency Task Force on Financing for
Development progress and Prospects”, UN.
 Pablo Gottret & George Schieber, 2006. "Health Financing Revisited : A Practitioner's
Guide," World Bank Publications, The World Bank, number 7094, 09-

Project Management
  Text Book1: Clifford F. Grey, Erik W. Larson, Gautam V. Desai “Project Management:
The Managerial Process” McGraw Hill Education(India) Private Limited, New Delhi,
Sixth Edition, 2014
 Reference Book 1: Prasanna Chandra, Projects: Planning, Analysis, Selection,
Financing. Implementation & Review, McGraw Hill Education (India) Private Limited,
New Delhi, 8th Ed., 2014.
 Project management workbook and workshop presentations
Additional Reading for understanding the domain:
 K. Singh, V. R. Raman & A. Hueso. Can direct benefit transfer strengthen the Swachh
Bharat Mission? Learnings from three districts in Madhya Pradesh, India.
https://www.communityledtotalsanitation.org/sites/communityledtotalsanitation.org/files
/WEDC_direct_benefit_transfer_SBM.pdf
 Water and Sanitation Microfinance Operations in India A Summary of Challenges &
Determinants of Success.
https://water.org/documents/59/PEP2_Impact_Assessment_October_2016.pdf
 Credit Financing in the Sanitation and Water Sector.
http://swachhsangraha.gov.in/sites/default/files/Credit_Financing_in_the_Sanitation_and
_Water_Sector.pdf
 Self-Employment Scheme for Rehabilitation of Manual Scavengers.
https://www.cprindia.org/system/tdf/policy-briefs/SRMS%20-%20FInal.pdf?
file=1&type=node&id=6665&force=1
 The hidden world of sanitation workers in India
https://www.wateraidindia.in/sites/g/files/jkxoof336/files/the-hidden-world-of-
sanitation-workers-in-india.pdf
 Investigating the role of enterprises in wash service delivery for the poor:
http://enterpriseinwash.info/research-outputs/

Course Plan

Lect. Learning Objectives Topics to be covered References

No.

1-2 Familiarize with the idea Public and private financing of TB

of sanitation financing in sanitation; Understanding government
general and public budget, and components of public
financing options in finance (revenue and expenditure)
particular

3-4 Sanitation Financing in Historical evolution and issues in Water Additional

India and learnings from and Sanitation financing in India; Select readings
other LMICS case studies from other LMICs;

5-6 Sanitation Financing Toilet Subsidies and incentives; (Trémolet 2011,

needs: possible models of
financing the Water and
Sanitation Sector focusing
on the poor
Conditional Cash Transfer; Results- Willetts and
Based Financing for Sanitation; Risk Powell 2016)
pooling; Community-based/Micro
financing models

7-8 Sanitation Financing Budget Brief 2018-19: Self Additional

needs: possible models of Employment Scheme for
 financing the Water and
Sanitation Sector focusing
on the Sanitation Workers
9-10 Key missing links in
WASH financing in India:
Needs and applicability of
11-
project management skills
14
in water and sanitation
projects in scale
Equity and inclusion as
15- critical management and
evaluation principles in
16
water and sanitation
projects
17-18 Understanding the Financial
System, and relevance to self-
sustainable sanitation
financing
19-20 Understanding finance
market-basic concepts and
theories
21- Understanding finance
22 market-basic concepts and
theories
Project Management
Explain Project Management
23-24 Cycle/Stages
Rehabilitation of Manual Scavengers; readings
Hidden world of Sanitation workers in
India
operations and maintenance of WASH Case study
infrastructure in institutions and public presentations
places; Cap-Manex, Capacities for and discussions
decentralized financing through local
bodies; Investments in human
resources and capacity/ skill
development
Application of project management Case study
skills such as planning, log frames, presentations
concurrent monitoring, evaluations and and discussions
operations and maintenance; systems
and processes for ensuring effective
management and ecological
safety in scale
Discussion on the challenges of including Case study
left out population, last mile coverage and presentations
ways for assessing sanitation projects and discussions
from equity lens
-Money and payment systems TB
-Financial instruments
-Financial markets: Debt and Equity markets
-Market failures and potential remedial
measures
-Understanding Interest Rates: Meaning, TB
Measurement and Behavior of Interest Rates
Factors explaining the risk and term structure TB
of interest rates; Credit rating
Project: Definition and Types; Project Life
T1: Chapter 1
cycle; Role and Responsibilities of Project
Manager;
 Understanding of financial Strategic Management Process; Portfolio
and nonfinancial criteria to Management System; Project Selection
T1: Chapter 2
25-26 assess

the value of projects.

Defining Project scope; establishing Project

27- Identify key elements of a Priorities; creating work breakdown T1: Chapter 4
28 project scope statement structure; integrating WBS with the
organization; coding the WBS

Understand estimating project Factors influencing quality of estimation;

times and costs estimating guidelines; top down vs bottom up T1: Chapter 5
29-30
estimation; methods of project estimation.
Describe estimating methods.

Understanding of developing Developing and constructing project network T1: Chapter 6

31-32 project network using CPM (CPM and PERT)
and PERT

Evaluation Scheme

Sl. No. Weightage

Component Duration Date & Time Type
(%)

01. Group essay 1 week 15 TBA Take home

02. 1 hour 30 TBA Saturday,

Mid-term 30 10/10/2020 (FN)
min 10 AM - 12
Noon
03. Group Power Point
10 min 15 TBA
Presentation presentation

05 Comprehensive Saturday,
3 hrs. 40 TBA 28/11/2020 (FN)
Exam
9 AM – 12 Noon

Important links and information:

Elearn portal: https://elearn.bits-pilani.ac.in

Students are expected to visit the Elearn portal on a regular basis and stay up to date with the latest
announcements and deadlines.
Contact sessions: Students should attend the online lectures as per the schedule provided on the
Elearn portal.
It shall be the responsibility of the individual student to be regular in maintaining the self study
schedule as given in the course handout, attend the online lectures, and take all the prescribed
evaluation components such as Assignment/Quiz, Mid-Semester Test and Comprehensive Exam
according to the evaluation scheme provided in the handout
INSTRUCTOR-IN-CHARGE