UMTS/WCDMA/HSDPA/HSUPA/HSPA+

Technical Overview

Presenter: Muhammad Qasim Abbas

Reference Documentation

• [1] 3rd Generation Partnership Project Technical Specifications, ftp://ftp.3gpp.org/Specs

• [2] Harri Holma and Antti Toskla, editors, WCDMA for UMTS; Radio Access for Third
• Generation Mobile Communications, Third Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2004 (ISBN 0470870966)
• [3] Juha Korhonen, Introduction to 3G Mobile Communications, Artech House, 2001 (ISBN 10:
• 158053287X)
• [4] Christophe Chevallier, Christopher Brunner, Andrea Garavaglia, Kevin P. Murray, and Kenneth
• R. Baker, editors. WCDMA (UMTS) Deployment Handbook, Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2006. (ISBN 13:
• 978-0-470-03326-5) (ISBN 10: 0-470-03326-6)
• [5] H. Holma and A. Toskala: HSDPA/HSUPA, Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2006 (ISBN 10: 0-470-01884-
• 4).
• [6] R. Tanner and J. Woodard: WCDMA Requirements and Practical Design, Wiley and Sons Ltd,
• 2004.
• [7] Andrew Richardson: WCDMA Design Handbook, Cambridge University Press, 2005. (ISBN
• 10: 0521828155)
What is UMTS&WCDMA?

• Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS)

• Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, or UMTS, is a CDMA-based technology
standardized by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).
• Designed to be deployed reusing most parts of the GSM/GPRS (General Packet Radio
Service)core network
• UMTS uses a totally new CDMA-based Radio Access technology in the form of WCDMA.
• Supports multiple services, better quality of service (QoS) differentiation and higher data rates
(up to 14 Mbps)

• Wideband Code Division Multiple Access

• WCDMA (also known as UTRA-FDD) has separate 5-MHz wide channels dedicated to
communications in both Uplink and Downlink.
• WCDMA is a Radio Access Network (RAN) technology in the UMTS standard.
UMTS-WCDMA Spectrum Bandwidth

• Channel Spacing
• The nominal channel spacing is 5 MHz, but this can
be adjusted to optimize performance in a particular
deployment scenario.

• Channel Raster
• The channel raster is 200 KHz, which means that
the center frequency must be an integer multiple
of 200 KHz.

• Channel Number
• The carrier frequency is designated by the UTRA Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number
(UARFCN), where:

Fcenter = UARFCN * 200 KHz

3GPP Releases & Features
Release 99

DL Max (384 Kb/s) & UL Release 5 (HSDPA)

Max (64 Kb/s)
DL Max (14.4 Mb/s) & UL Release 6 (HSUPA)
Max (384 Kb/s)
DL Max (14.4 Mb/s) & UL Release 7 (HSPA+)
Max (5.76 Mb/s)
• WCDMA R99 Release 8 & 10
DL Max (42 Mb/s) & UL
• Improvements over GSM/GPRS/Edge include Max (11 Mb/s)
improved voice capacity and higher data rates. LTE & LTE-A

• HSDPA R5
• HSDPA employs a fixed power common channel , fixed spreading factor . Users are separated in
both the time and code domains. Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC) replaces the role of
power control so that the modulation and coding rate are changed depending on the channel
condition.
• HSUPA R6
• HSUPA provides a number of enhancements to R99 for higher data rates and higher spectral
efficiency which lower the cost per byte of information. The combination of smaller TTI, fast
scheduling, and Hybrid ARQ work together to reduce latency.
• HSPA+ R7
• HSPA+ (HSPA Evolution) provides enhanced radio interface features: Downlink Multiple Input-Multiple
Output (MIMO) and 64/16 QAM in DL/UL for higher data rates. CQI reporting reduction, and reduced
High Speed-Shared Control Channel (HS-SCCH) operation to reduce power consumption required to
maintain connectivity.
 Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN)
• UMTS core network and WCDMA radio access network
(WCDMA RAN / UTRAN / radio network subsystem – RNS)
– Iu, bridging the Core Network and the radio access
network
• RNC and Node B – Iub, providing signaling and data
links
• RNC and RNC – Iur, providing signaling and data links
for inter-RNC soft handover or transition
• Node B and UE – Uu, providing signaling and data links
through the over-the-air radio frequency transmissions

In Rel5, two main changes have been introduced to the above architecture:
• The CN CS domain can be split between Signaling and User Plane, replacing a MSC with a
MSC Server (signaling) and MGW (Media Gateway, on the user plane)
• GERAN Iu mode can be used (in addition to the A/Gb mode): GERAN BSCs can connect to
the CN via Iu-CS and Iu-PS interfaces, similar to UTRAN.
 UMTS Network Topology – Network Planning

• In the circuit-switched domain, a collection of cells

controlled by multiple Node-Bs is called a Location
Area (LA). Mobility management for circuit-switched
operations is based on Location Areas.

• In the packet-switched domain, mobility management

for packet-switched operations is based on Routing
Areas (RA).

• The only standard requirement on the relationships

between LAs, RAs, and URAs is that an RA shall be
a subset of one and only one LA (a RA cannot span more than one LA)

• A Routing Area may be identical to a Location Area, or there may be multiple Routing Areas
within a given Location Area.

• A UTRAN Registration Area will probably be smaller than an LA or RA, though this is not
required. Up to eight URAs may be identified within a cell.
UE Signaling Protocol Stack
 Access Stratum Layers: Functions
• Layer 3 – Radio Resource Control (RRC)
• Access Stratum control
• Paging and notification
• Measurement control & reporting
• RRC connection management
• Radio Bearer management
• Broadcasts system information

• Layer 2 – Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)

• IP header compression

• Layer 2 – Broadcast/Multicast Control (BMC)

• Transmission of BMC messages to UE

• Layer 2 – Radio Link Control (RLC)

• Segmentation, reassembly, concatenation, padding
• Retransmission control, flow control
• Duplicate detection, in-sequence delivery
• Error correction
• Ciphering

• Layer 2 – Medium Access Control (MAC)

• Maps logical channels to transport channels
• Prioritizes data flows
• Addresses common channel to individual users
• Provides Ciphering for (RLC) Transparent Mode Channels (e.g., speech calls)

• Layer 2 – Medium Access Control (MAC)

• Multiplexing and channel coding
• Spreading and scrambling
• Modulation
• Handover
• Compressed Mode
• Power control
• Measurements
 R99 Channels : Channel Mapping
• Broadcast Channel (Downlink)
o Carries System Information such as system ID, CI, NBR cell Info, RRC UserPlane
SFN etc. BCCH PCCH CCCH DCCH DTCH
o In Cell-FACH State BCCH is mapped to FACH

• Paging Channel (Downlink) TM TM TM/UM AM/UM TM/AM/UM RRC

o Monitored by US in Idle,Cell-PCH & URA-PCH States
o PCCH is used in conjunction with PICH BCCH PCCH CCCH DCCH DTCH
o PICH contains indication for UEs that wether page message
would be transmitted on corresponding SCCPCH or not.
MAC
• Random Access Channel (Uplink)
o Probes transmitted by UE to access the system BCH PCH FACH RACH DCH
o Network responds with Ack/Nak on AICH to allow subsequent
message to be sent on PRACH

• Forward Access Channel (Downlink) PCCPCH SCCPCH PRACH DPDCH PHY

o Dedicated logical channels mapped to common Transport CH

• Dedicated Channel (Uplink/Downlink) SCH CPICH PICH AICH DPCCH

o Typically 4 DCCHs are asigned (For Ack Mode RRC,NAK Mode

RRC, Low Priority NAS Signalling & High Priority NAS Signalling.)
o Number of DTCHs are determined by the type of service being
used.
o AMR uses 3 DTCHs for different classes of voice bits that are
mapped to 3 DCHs.
o DCCHs & DTCHs may be mapped to Single or Multiple DCHs
o DPCCH is always only One and Carry control information of
physically layer.
o SCH,CPICH,PICH,AICH and DPCCH are only Physical layer
channels and carry no upper Layer signal or data.
 UTRA RRC States Connected Mode
• Cell-DCH State (Dedicated) URA- Cell-
• Cell-FACH State (Dedicated) PCH PCH

• Cell-PCH (Paging)
• URA-PCH (Paging) High Mobility
Cell- Cell-
DCH FACH

Relationship b/w NAS & AS States RRC Establish RRC Establish

RRC Release RRC Release

CM CS Call Active CS Call Inactive PS Context Active PS Context inctive

IDLE Mode
MM/GMM Connected Idle PS Connected PS Idle

DCH Idle DCH,FACH,Cell Idle

RRC -PCH,URA-PCH

PS Call with active PDP Context, No RRC/ No RAB (RRC Idle) is said to be preserved
WCDMA Code Types
Code Type Uplink Downlink
Channelization (spreading) Codes Separate Data and Control channels
Separate users within a cell
(OVSF Codes) from same UE

User separation Cell separation

Scrambling codes Uses 512 Primary Scrambling Codes

(Gold Codes) 17 million Scrambling Codes (PSC)
available 7680 Secondary Scrambling Codes
(SSC) also available

OVSF Code Tree

Example of Spreading (Three Users)

Spreading

Despreading
Power Calculation

EcNo Calculation Thermal Noise Density

Recieved Noice Floor = kTB+NF
k= 1.38 x 10^-23 (Boltzmann constant
T= 290 K (Temperature constant)
B= Bandwidth,
NF is Noise figure
(Implementation specific)
RNF = -107dBm
AMR 12.2 Uplink Processing Gain

Eb
5 dB
5dB Eb/No Requirement

Loaded No
Loaded No = Nth W + NF
+ Other User Interference
No kTW + Node B Noise Figure

20 dB

Ec

Tx power needs to maintain the Eb/Nt requirement

Unloaded Unloaded

• Nth represents the thermal noise density.

• No represents the noise floor raised by all other users and other cells.
• Ec represents the mobile uplink signal.
• Eb represents the received power after despreading.
Usually, the signal arrives at the Node B antenna about 25 dB below thermal (WCDMA, AMR 12.2 kbps).
• Mobiles must compete with thermal noise, jammers, and other mobile user noise.
• When the sum of user power equals thermal noise, the system is 50% loaded.
• In DL user interference changes with channel interference & NB Noise Figure preplaces with UE Noise Figure.
 Intra/Inter-Frequency and Inter-RAT Measurements

• In Idle & PCH(URA/Cell), all measurement are taken during

intervals of PICH
• In Cell-FACH state, intra freq mesurements can be taken at
any time however inter Freq/RAT can only be taken during
special Intervals. Nework do not transmit any data during
these intervals.
• In Cell-DCH State Compressed Mode needs to be trigered for
inter Freq/RAT measurements

Inter-Freq/RAT Measurement Methods

• Compressed mode via Spreading Factor Reduction by 2 (CM SF/2)
• Can be applied in the CS or PS domains.
• Transmission gaps are created by sending the data that should be transmitted in the gaps in the prior and subsequent
radio time slots. Consequently, spreading factor and data rate must be doubled momentarily.
• Compressed mode via Higher Layer Scheduling (CM HLS)
• Can be applied in the PS domain only.
• Transmission gaps are created by reducing the amount of data sent.
• Puncturing method
• Part of the data from transmission is removed/deleted and gap is introduced, which is used for measurement purpose.
Open Loop Power Control (R99)

• UE estimates its minimum required transmit power.

• Power is based on received power measurement and transmit
power information sent on the BCH.
• Used on Random Access Channel (RACH).
• Used at the start of a dedicated Physical Channel.

Initial preamble power Estimation

When the UE estimate begins a PRACH procedure, it computes its initial preamble power based on
three signaled parameters, transmitted on the BCCH, and a CPICH RSCP measurement.

• Preamble_Initial_Power = Primary CPICH TX power + UL interference + Constant Value – CPICH_RSCP

Initial preamble power Estimation

When the UE begins transmission on the DPCH, it computes its initial DPCCH power based on
one signaled parameter, transmitted on the DCCH, and a CPICH RSCP measurement

• DPCCH_Initial_Power = DPCCH power offset – CPICH_RSCP

Close Loop Power Control (R99)
Closed loop control is basically a three-step process:

• A transmission is made.
• A measurement is made at the receiver.
• Feedback is provided to the transmitter indicating whether the
power should be increased or decreased.

Outer-loop PC (Uplink)
• Between RNC & NB (on IuB) and based on BLER.
• BLER calculated on AMR CRCs i.e every 20ms
• Outer-loop PC thus operates at 50 Hz frequency
Inner-loop PC (Uplink)
• Between UE & NB (on Uu) and based on SIR/Target SIR.
• SIR calculated on every DPCCH , i.e 15 times per 10 ms frame (DPCCH’s Pilot is present every slot)
• Inner-loop PC thus operates at 1500 Hz frequency
Downlink Power Control
• The outer-loop algorithm is Unspecified as UE runs its own.
• DL power control (inner loop) is run at either 1500 Hz or 500
Hz.
High Speed Downlink Packet Access(HSDPA)

• Set of high speed channels

• Channels are shared by multiple users
• Each user may be assigned all or part of the total
bandwidth every 2 ms.

HSDPA provides significant enhancements to the Downlink compared to WCDMA Release 99 in terms of peak data rate,
cell throughput, and round trip delay.

This is achieved through the implementation of a fast channel control and allocation mechanism that employs such
features as Adaptive Modulation and Coding and fast Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ).
Release 99 Downlink Limitations
• Dedicated Channel Features (DCH)
• Maximum implemented Downlink of 384 kbps
• OVSF Code limitation for high speed users
• Rate switching response to bursty throughput is slow
• Outer loop power control responds slowly to channel
conditions
• Common Channel Features (FACH)
• Good for bursty data applications
• Only low data rates supported
• Fixed transmit power

HSDPA Addresses R99 Limitations

• Adaptive modulation and coding
• Fast feedback of channel condition
• QPSK and 16-QAM
• Coding from R=1/3 to R=1
• Multi-Code operation
• Multiple codes allocated per user
• Fixed spreading factor
• Node B scheduling
• Physical Layer HARQ
UMTS Network Architecture with HSDPA

• For fast scheduling of shared channels, channels

are allocated at 2ms TTIs called Subframe
• Transport channel frames are constructed by MAC-
HS layer in Node-B
 HSDPA Channels
• High Speed Downlink Shared Channel RRC UserPlane
(HS-DSCH) BCCH PCCH CCCH DCCH CTCH DTCH DTCH
o DL Shared Transport Channel
o Operates on 2ms Transmission Time Interval TM TM TM/UM AM/UM AM/UM TM/AM/UM AM/UM RRC
• High Speed Physical Downlink Shared
BCCH PCCH CCCH DCCH CTCH DTCH DTCH
Channel (HS-PDSCH)
o Supports QPSK, 16QAM and multi code transmission
o Allocated to a user on 2ms interval
MAC
• High Speed Shared Control Channel BCH PCH FACH RACH DCH HS-DSCH
(HS-SCCH)
o DL Physical channel to carry control information related to
HS-DSCH Transmission. PCCPCH SCCPCH PRACH DPDCH HS-PDSCH PHY
o Continuesly monitored by UE to determine when to read
HS-DSCH and corresponding information
SCH CPICH PICH AICH DPCCH F-DPCH HS-SCCH HS-DPCCH

• High Speed Dedicated Physical Control Channel (HS-DPCCH) Release 99 Release 5 Release 6

o Uplink physical channel to feedback Node B about previous HS-DSCH Transmission

• Each Release 5 HSDPA user will have its own associated Release 99 DPCH for signaling.
• In Release 6, HSDPA users can share a Fractional-DPCH for signaling instead of using a dedicated channel.
HSDPA Channels – Frame Structures
High Speed Dedicated Physical Control Channel (HS-DPCCH)
• 1st slot carries ACK or NAK for received HS-DSCH blocks
o UTRAN may configure the UE to repeat the ACK/NAK, up to a maximum of 4 transmissions
o The first ACK/NAK for a given HS-DSCH assignment is sent 5 ms (7.5 slots) after the end of the HS- ACK/NAK CQI
DSCH transmission
2 ms
• 2nd and 3rd slots carry Channel Quality Indicator (CQI)
o UE measures Downlink CPICH channel quality
o CQI indicates the highest data rate for error rate < 10% 3 Slots
o Frequency of CQI reports configured by UTRAN, ranging from 2 ms to 160 ms.

• DTX during ACK/NAK and CQI slots if nothing to send

• Uses Spreading Factor = 256

High Speed Shared Control Channel (HS-SCCH)

• 1st part carries modulation information Part 1 Part 2
o OVSF code assignment (first code & number of codes)
o Modulation scheme (16 QAM or QPSK) 2 ms

• 2nd part carries transport block size, Hybrid ARQ parameters

o HARQ parameters allow UE to differentiate new transmission from retransmission 3 Slots
o UE decodes each part independently

• UE assigned up to 4 HS-SCCHs to monitor

• Uses Spreading Factor = 128
• Multiple UEs may be asigned the same set of HS-SCCHs
• UEs descramble with the coresponding asigned H-RNTI.
HSDPA Channels – Frame Structures (continue…)
High Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel (HS-PDSCH) Data
• Carries UE data 2 ms
• Up to 15 HS-PDSCH may be assigned simultaneously
• Uses Spreading Factor = 16 3 Slots

• A UE is a member of one of 12 categories Each category represents different values of the

following parameters:
o Number of simultaneous HS-PDSCH codes (5, 10, or 15)
o Maximum transport block size
o Inter-TTI interval – minimum time between consecutive assignments.
o Different schemes can be used for retransmission of original data packet.(Chase combining or‹ Incremental Redundancy)
o Incremental redundancy buffer size – used to soft-combine symbols from retransmissions.

HSDPA Channel – Timings

HS-DPCCH Ack/NaK CQI

Part 1 Part 2
HS-SCCH Part 1 Part 2

HS-PDSCH 1 Data

HS-PDSCH N Data

2 ms 5 ms
HSDPA Data Rate Calculation

HS-DPCCH Ack/NaK CQI

HS-SCCH Part 1 Part 2 Part 1 Part 2

HS-PDSCH Data Data

2 ms 5 ms

Transport Block Size is 320 Bits……. What is the HSDPA Data rate for the above example?
How early a block can be retransmitted in case of NAK?

• Hint !!!!
o Each HSDPA assignment is for a single HS-PDSCH (no multi-code).
o Each HS-PDSCH block carries 320 bits.
o Each transport block is successfully decoded after the first transmission (the UE always sends an ACK and
the Node B never retransmits any block).
o The Node B schedules an assignment as early as possible following the ACK transmission, as shown in the
above timing diagram.

It’s the surprise Quiz 

How do we get from 32 kbps to 14.4 Mbps?

• Multi-code transmission – Up to 15 HS-PDSCH channels may be assigned to a single UE during one 2 ms TTI.
• Consecutive assignments – The HARQ procedure allows the Node B to send back-to-back assignments at 2 ms
intervals. Up to 8 HARQ processes operate in parallel to decode consecutive assignments.
• Lower Coding Gain – The block size of 320 bits was chosen assuming a turbo code rate of 1/3. Higher data rates can
be achieved by puncturing more bits for a higher effective code rate (and thus lower coding gain).
• 16-QAM – This modulation scheme increases the data rate over QPSK by a factor of 2.

HS-DPCCH Ack/NaK CQI Ack/NaK CQI Ack/NaK CQI Ack/NaK CQI Ack/NaK CQI

HS-SCCH Part 1 Part 2 Part 1 Part 2 Part 1 Part 2 Part 1 Part 2 Part 1 Part 2 Part 1 Part 2

HS-PDSCH 1 Data Data Data Data Data Data

HS-PDSCH 15 Data Data Data Data Data Data

2 ms 5 ms
Node B Transmit Power Allocation
• .

• Static – A fixed amount of power is allocated to the HS-PDSCHs and HS-SCCHs. Remaining power is distributed among common channels and power
controlled dedicated channels. The overall transmit power fluctuates as a function of the power controlled channels.

Dedicated Channel (power control)

HS-PDSCH & HS-SCCH

Other common Channel (no power control)

Static
• .

• Dynamic – A fixed HS-PDSCH and HS-SCCH power is allocated dynamically as a function of the remaining available power, which fluctuates due to
the power controlled dedicated channels. The overall transmit power of the cell remains constant.

HS-PDSCH & HS-SCCH

Dedicated Channel (power control)

Other common Channel (no power control)

Dynamic
• .

• Dynamic within bounds – HS-PDSCH and HS-SCCH power varies between set min and max based on traffic requirements

HSDPA MAX
HS-PDSCH & HS-SCCH

Dedicated Channel (power control)

Other common Channel (no power control)
Dynamic with in bounds
 Fast Scheduling Process
o Round Robin (RR)
o Max-C/I
o Proportional Fair (PF)

HARQ Retransmission Process

o Chase Combining (CC)
o Partial Incremental Redundancy (PIR)
o Full Incremental Redundancy (FIR)

• Calculate the data rate for one UE assuming:

o 5 OVSF codes
o Consecutive assignments
o QPSK modulation
o Turbo Code R = 1/3
o Retransmission statistics:
o 75% of blocks decoded on first transmission
o 25% of blocks decoded on second transmission
 Other Important Concepts
o Inter-TTI Interval
o Retransmissions
o ACK/NAK Repetition
o Number of SCCH
o CQI Reporting
o Node B scheduling
o Cell Re pointing procedure
o UE capabilities

Ready for a quick Quiz??

• Calculate the data rate for one UE assuming:
o 5 OVSF codes
o Consecutive assignments
o QPSK modulation
o Turbo Code R = 1/3
o Retransmission statistics:
o 75% of blocks decoded on first transmission
o 25% of blocks decoded on second transmission
 High Speed Uplink Packet Access(HSUPA)

• Voice over IP (VoIP)

• Low latency, Quality of Service (QoS) control, fine resource
• granularity, and improved Uplink capacity
• Video Telephony (in Packet Switched domain)
• Low latency, Quality of Service (QoS) control, high data
rates, and improved Uplink coverage and capacity
• Gaming
• Low latency, fast resource allocation
• Video Share / Picture Share
• High Uplink data rates and improved Uplink coverage and
capacity
• File Uploading (large files)
• High Uplink data rates and improved Uplink coverage
and capacity
Release 99 Downlink Limitations
• Large Scheduling Delays
• Slow scheduling from RNC
• • Large Latency
• Transmission Time Interval (TTI) durations of
10/20/40/80 ms
• RNC-based retransmissions in case of errors
• Limited Uplink Data Rate
• Deployed peak data rate is 384 kbps

HSUPA Addresses R99 Limitations

• Higher Peak Data Rate in Uplink
• Enable new services and improve user perception
• Improved Uplink Coverage with Higher Data Rates
• Improved Uplink Cell Capacity
• Reduced Latency
• Fast Scheduling and Resource Control
• Increase resource utilization and efficiency
• Quality of Service (QoS) support
• Improve QoS control and resource utilization
HSUPA Channels

RRC UserPlane
BCCH PCCH CCCH DCCH CTCH DTCH DTCH DTCH

TM TM TM/UM AM/UM AM/UM TM/AM/UM AM/UM AM/UM RRC

BCCH PCCH CCCH DCCH CTCH DTCH DTCH DTCH

MAC
BCH PCH FACH RACH DCH HS-DSCH E-DCH

PCCPCH SCCPCH PRACH DPDCH HS-PDSCH E-DPDCH PHY

SCH CPICH PICH AICH DPCCH F-DPCH HS-SCCH HS-DPCCH E-DPCCH E-HICH E-AGCH E-RGCH

Release 99 Release 5 Release 6

• New HSUPA Channels

o Enhanced Dedicated Channel (E-DCH) Uplink transport
o Enhanced Dedicated Physical Data Channel (E-DPDCH) Uplink Physical
o Enhanced Dedicated Physical control channel (E-DPCCH) Uplink Physical
o Enhanced Hybrid ARQ Indication Channel (E-HICH) Downlink Physical
o Enhanced Absolute Grant Channel (E-AGCH) Downlink Physical
o Enhanced Relative Grant Channel (E-RGCH) Downlink Physical
HSUPA Channels (continue…)

• Enhanced Dedicated Channel (E-DCH) Uplink transport

• Operates on 2ms or 10 ms Transmission Time Interval
• Carries a single transport block (varies from 18 bits to 20000 bits) per TTI
• Mapped on upto 4 E-DPDCHs & has associated E-DPCCH.
• Enhanced Dedicated Physical Data Channel (E-DPDCH) Uplink Physical
• Uplink physical channel for data, it supports BPSK
• Enhanced Dedicated Physical control channel (E-DPCCH) Uplink Physical
• Uplink control channel associated with E-DPDCH
• Carries HARQ retransmission sequence number & E-DCH transport format.
• Enhanced Hybrid ARQ Indication Channel (E-HICH) Downlink Physical
• Carries HARQ Ack/Nak from NodeB
• All the cells in Active set transmit HICH
• Enhanced Absolute Grant Channel (E-AGCH) Downlink Physical
• Carries scheduler grant information from E-DCH serving cell
• Indicate UE what Traffic-to.pilot ratio shall be used
• Enhanced Relative Grant Channel (E-RGCH) Downlink Physical
• Carries scheduler grant information from E-DCH serving cell as well as Non-serving cell from EDCH active set.
• Indicate UE to increase,decrease or maintain current Traffic-to-Pilot ratio
HSUPA Channels – Frame Structures
Enhanced Dedicated Physical Data Channel (E-DPDCH) HD PAYLOAD SI
• Carries Payload, upto 4 channels can carry single E-DCH data
• May carry Scheduling indication SI from UE to NodeB TTI

Enhanced Dedicated Physical control channel (E-DPCCH) Control Information RS

• Control information related to corresponding E-DPDCH
TTI
• One Happy bit to notify NobeB that granted rate is not satisfactory

Enhanced Absolute Grant Channel (E-AGCH) T/P Grant HC

• Maximum allowed E-DPDCH/DPCCH ratio
• Carries Information that control HARQ process TTI

Enhanced Relative Grant Channel (E-RGCH) Down/Up/Hold

• Relative grant to increase, decrease or hold the current grant
TTI

Enhanced Hybrid ARQ Indication Channel (E-HICH) Ack/Nak

• Ack/Nak feedback to UE about previous transmission
TTI
HSUPA Channel – Timings with 10ms TTI
E-DCH HD PAYLOAD SI HD PAYLOAD SI HD PAYLOAD SI HD PAYLOAD SI HD PAYLOAD SI HD PAYLOAD SI
PAYLOAD PAYLOAD PAYLOAD PAYLOAD PAYLOAD PAYLOAD
o 4 HARQ process for 10ms TTI
o Retransmission in case of NAK is made
30ms after end of first E-DPCCH Control Information RS Control Information RS Control Information RS Control Information RS Control Information RS Control Information RS
o Maximum achievable data rate is 2Mbps

E-AGCH T/P Grant HC 8ms

E-HICH 14-16 ms Ack/Nak

10 ms

HSUPA Channel – Timings with 2ms TTI

E-DCH HD PAYLOAD SI HD PAYLOAD SI HD PAYLOAD SI HD PAYLOAD SI HD PAYLOAD SI HD PAYLOAD SI
PAYLOAD PAYLOAD PAYLOAD PAYLOAD PAYLOAD PAYLOAD
o 8 HARQ process for 2ms TTI PAYLOAD PAYLOAD
PAYLOAD PAYLOAD PAYLOAD PAYLOAD
o Maximum achievable data rate is 5.76 PAYLOAD PAYLOAD PAYLOAD PAYLOAD PAYLOAD PAYLOAD
Mbps
o HQAR RTT in 2mTTI is 16ms
o SF can be allocatied in following combo E-DPCCH Control Information RS Control Information RS Control Information RS Control Information RS Control Information RS Control Information RS

• 2SF4/2SF2/2SF2+2SF4
E-AGCH T/P Grant HC

E-HICH Ack/Nak Ack/Nak

2 ms
2 x 1920 bits + 2 x 3840 bits = 5.76 Mbps
HSDPA Vs HSUPA