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Zidouri
Electric Circuits II
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EE 205 Dr. A. Zidouri
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EE 205 Dr. A. Zidouri
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EE 205 Dr. A. Zidouri
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EE 205 Dr. A. Zidouri
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EE 205 Dr. A. Zidouri
ω =0 ω =∞
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EE 205 Dr. A. Zidouri
¾ At ω =∞ the impedance of the capacitor is 1 = 0 so the capacitor behaves like a short circuit,
jωC
and the impedance of the inductor is jω L = ∞ so the inductor behaves like an open circuit. Thus
Vo = Vi also, as depicted in Fig. 39-1c
¾ Between these two passbands, both the inductor and capacitor have finite impedances of
opposite signs.
¾ As the frequency is increased from zero, jω L increases and 1 decreases. The phase shift
jωC
between the input and the output approaches -90o as ω L approaches 1 . As soon as ω L
ωC
exceeds 1 , the phase jumps to +90o and then approaches zero as ω continues to increase as
ωC
seen in Fig. 39-2b
¾ At some frequency in between the two passbands, the center frequency ω0 , the two impedances
cancel out causing the output voltage to be zero Vo = 0 . At ω0 the series combination of L and C
appears as a short circuit.
¾ The plot of the voltage magnitude ratio is shown in Fig. 39-2a. Note the ideal bandstop filter plot
is also overlaid on the plot of the RLC circuit.
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EE 205 Dr. A. Zidouri
|H(jw)|
0.707
Actual
Ideal
0 C1 o C2
(a)
o/ Q}
θ(j
C1 o C2
+90o
-90o (b)
Fig. 39-2 The frequency response plot for the series RLC
bandstop filter circuit in Fig. 39-1
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EE 205 Dr. A. Zidouri
1
sC
Vi(s) Vo(s)
sL
sL +1 sC s2 +1 LC
H ( s) = =
R + sL +1 sC 2 R 1 (39-5)
s + s+
L LC
This equation gives magnitude and phase as before if we express it in polar form and substituting
s = jω we get:
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EE 205 Dr. A. Zidouri
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EE 205 Dr. A. Zidouri
ωC1 = − β + ⎜⎜ β ⎟⎟ + ω02
2
ωC 2 = β + ⎜⎜ β ⎟⎟ + ω02
⎛ ⎞ ⎛ ⎞
2
(39-15) (39-16)
2 ⎝ 2⎠ 2 ⎝ 2⎠
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EE 205 Dr. A. Zidouri
Example 39-1
Using the series RLC circuit in Fig. 39-1a compute the component values that yield a bandreject filter
with β = 250Hz a center frequency ω = 750Hz , using 100nF capacitor. Compute values of R, L,
0
the cutoff frequencies ωC 1 and ωC 2 , and the Quality factor Q.
Solution: R
We begin by Quality factor Q, consider the s-domain circuit in Fig. 39-3:
1
Q = ω0 β = 3 Vi(s)
sC
Vo(s)
To compute L we convert ω0 to radians per second and sL
L = 12
ω0 C Fig. 39-3 s-domain equivalent
of the Circuit of Fig. 39-1a
= 1 = 450mH
2
⎡
⎢ 2π
⎣
(750)⎤⎥⎦ ⎛100 ×10−9 ⎞
⎜
⎝
⎟
⎠
To compute R R=βL
Or R = 2π ( 250) ⎛⎜ 450 ×10−3 ⎞⎟ = 707Ω
⎝ ⎠
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EE 205 Dr. A. Zidouri
2 ⎝ 2⎠ 2 ⎝ 2⎠
Check
ωC 2 − ωC1 = 885.3 − 635.3 = 250Hz
ω = ωC 2 ×ωC1 = 885.3×635.3 = 750Hz
0
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EE 205 Dr. A. Zidouri
Answer:
L = 0.2387 H , C = 2.66µ F
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