A2

… First Conditional………………fff..A2.
The first conditional (also called conditional type 1) is a structure used for talking about possibilities in the
present or in the future.
Structure
A first conditional sentence consists of two clauses, an "if" clause (condition/hypothesis) and a main clause
(result):
“If” clause , main clause
(condition/hypothesis) (result)

• If you study hard, you will pass the test.

• If we hurry up, we won’t be late.

If the "if" clause comes first, a comma is usually used. If the "if" clause comes second, there is no need for a
comma:

• You will pass the test if you study hard.

• We won’t be late if we hurry up.

We use different verb forms in each part of a first conditional. We usually use the present simple in the “if”
clause (condition/hypothesis) and future simple in the main clause (result).

• If you don’t have a map, you will get lost.

We can also use an imperative or a modal verb (can, must, may, should, etc) in the main clause.

subject + future simple (will)

If + subject + present simple , imperative

subject + modal + infinitive

• If you have a headache, take an aspirin.

• If you go to Paris, you should visit the Eiffel Tower.

Use
The first conditional is used to talk about things which are possible in the present or the future — things which
may happen. You can also give some advice:

• If it's sunny, we'll go to the park.

• I'll wash the dishes if you cook the dinner.
• If you go to the supermarket, buy some milk, please.
• Make a hundred copies of this document if you have time.
• If you are tired, you should go to bed. (advice)
• You must see “The Big Bang Theory” if you like sitcoms. (advice)

TIP
In the “if” clause, we can use “unless” (=if not) instead of “if”. Remember that “unless” is never followed by
a verb in the negative form.
• Unless it rains soon, all the plants will die.
• If it doesn’t rain soon, all the plants will die.

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