START-UP 10 ANSWER KEYS

Workbook

Block 1

Pages 6-7

TEXT 1
1. 1. b; 2. d; 3. a; 4. c
2. a. 3; b. 4; c. 1; d. 2
3. a. the professional possibilities that Brittney’s course offers;
b. the pros of the course, what it provides the students with;
c. time to decide what to do in life; d. people who are already working.
4. a. her course as an English Major at ASU; b. what she might do in the future; c. are determined and know
exactly what they want from life; d. will find the answer to all her questions.
5. a. that is all I am limited to; b. you will find…; c. I am sure they will teach…; d. they are so…; e. I have yet
to…; f. what I would prefer to do…
6. …but like many other students she has doubts about the usefulness of her studies in the future. She might
become a journalist or a teacher. She would like to know for sure what she really wants to do so that she
could feel more self-confident and hopeful.

Pages 9-10

TEXT 2
1. 1. d; 2. c; 3. a; 4. b
2. teenagers’ involvement in Art projects; volunteering to work in museums;
“Halbreich’s particular commitment to teenagers… youthful fascination with museums… young
audiences can bring… them.”
3. b; d; f
4. a. it refers to the average age of the young people involved in these programmes; b. the aspects that are
different when young people organize events; c. the number of visitors who come and get involved; d.
values that are cherished by the new and younger audiences.
5. a. low income families; b. youthful fascination; c. sold out show/ house; d. contemporary artists; e.
creative process; f. diverse audiences/people involved.
6. a. to become more involved with the museum’s Art programmes; b. to express their personal opinions; c.
to manage to find new ways in life; d. a place where you can discover positive attitudes and hear diverse
opinions.

Page 11

VOCABULARY
Describing people
1. a. inventive and imaginative; b. old-fashioned/out-of-date; c. trustworthy; d. fantastic; awesome; e.
careless/clumsy; f. determined/full of drive
2. a.
fascinating unattractive, dull
friendly, caring unkind, nasty
sincere liar, hypocrite
hard-working lazy
ambitious conformist, self-content
calm, patient aggressive, nervous
altruistic selfish; self-centered
honest cynical, dishonest
idealistic materialistic
modest, humble vain

Page 12

City life
1. suggested answer
B U S
C R O S S I N G
D O U B L E D E C K E R
M U S E U M
G A L L E R Y
G A R D E N
R E S T A U R A N T

Virgínia Barros, Luísa Barros, Maria José Rodrigues, Vanessa Reis Esteves
START-UP 10 ANSWER KEYS

H O S P I T A L
P U B
C I N E M A
P E D E S T R I A N

2. a. Underground; bus b. suburbs; spaces c. pedestrians; d. post-office; e. museums; streets; f. shopping; shops; g.
double-decker; h. hotel; pubs; i. church; j. Square; tourists; fountains

Page 13

Clothing
1. 1. jacket; 2. purse; 3. jeans; 4. jacket; 5. belt; 6. dress; 7. sandals; 8. trousers; 9. scarf; 10. jacket; 11.
necklace; 12. handbag
2. clothes and accessories – trousers, shirt, dress, anorak, jacket, cardigan, raincoat, belt, bracelet
materials – silk, cotton, wool, fibre, denim, nylon, velvet corduroy
patterns – striped, check, flowery, spotty, dotted, embroidered
fashion – design, model, catwalk, make-up, show, glamour, beauty, style
3. Personal answer.
4. Personal answer.

Page 14

Volunteering
1. 1. programmes; 2. problems; 3. attitude; 4. gain; 5. second; 6. station; 7. centre; 8. rehearse; 9. chocolate; 10.
useful; 11. data; 12. money; 13. need
2. Feeding old people; helping with children’s performances; student reception and guidance; tutoring students
with problems; helping pregnant adolescents; picking students up at the station; researching; collecting data;
sending questionnaires.

Page 15

GRAMMAR

Present Tenses
1. a. has returned; b. have been travelling; c. doesn’t know; d. is showing; e. sings; f. cares
2. a. The bus to Viana leaves at 10.00.
b. Haven’t you finished your work/working yet?
c. The Turners are arriving right now.
d. The weather has been excellent lately.

Page 16

Modal verbs
1. a. Students must respect the school rules; b. John may/might be coming or not; c. The children may/can play
and run in the school yard; d. Mum, shall/should I fetch Billy from school?; e. Sarita must finish her Project
today…; f. Parents should/ought to supervise what their children…

Page 17

2. a. might; b. Shall; c. must/needs to/should; d. shouldn’t; e. can/may; f. mustn’t

WH- questions
1. a. Who; b. What; c. How; d. Which; e. How many; f. When; g. Who; h. Why
2. Suggested
a. Who won the Nobel Prize this year?; b. When did The European Union win the Nobel Prize?; c. How many
countries is the nation body made up of?; d. What kind of problems are they confronting?; e. What do critics
argue about?; f. Who won the prize in 2009? Whose selection was also criticized some years ago?

Passive Voice
1. a. School computers are used for projects (by most students).
b. Nowadays old apartments are renovated and rented out.
c. Fantastic deals can be found in the sales.
d. My birthday cake was eaten in five minutes.
2. a. Nowadays many firm employees are made redundant without warning; b. The school invited parents to the
school meeting on Saturday; c. Tests are given before the end of the term (by all teachers); d. Innovative

Virgínia Barros, Luísa Barros, Maria José Rodrigues, Vanessa Reis Esteves
START-UP 10 ANSWER KEYS

hardware has been produced for some years by Apple; e. Reporters often write sensationalistic articles just to
sell papers.

Page 18

2.
Percentages Leisure Time activities
82% percentage of young people who went to the cinema at least once over the last year
56% percentage of young people who went to see a live show over the last year
27% percentage of young men who took part in recreational groups during the year
19% percentage of young women who took part in recreational groups during the year
16% percentage of young men who took part in church or other religious organizations in 2006
20% percentage of young women who took part in church or other religious
4% percentage of young Europeans who took part in any activity related to political parties or trade
unions

3. enjoying enriching cultural events such as cinema, live performances, live sports and cultural visits; and the
same happens regarding live sporting events.
4. a. The price of a college degree in all types of colleges dropped from ‘76 to ‘80-’81; b. From this point up to
‘90-‘91, the cost of studies at public two-year colleges remained steady / showed slight alterations; c. In four-
year-colleges the cost of studies constantly rose and didn’t stop rising until 2011; d. The cost of a degree at a
private college has been going up since the 80s; e. If you want to study at a 4-year-college, you’ll have to pay
about 15,000 dollars a year or more.

Block 2

Page 23

TEXT 1
1. a. T; b. T; c. F. “They turned the pages, which were yellow and crinky.”; d. F. “They stood still instead of
moving…”; e. T.; f. F. “In the attic”.
2. a. 3; b. 2; c. 1; d. 1.

Page 24

3. science fiction; short story extract.

“May, 17, 2157”
“When you are through with a book, you must throw it away.”
“The mechanical teachers had been giving tests…”
“Centuries ago.”
4. Personal answer.

Page 26

TEXT 2
1. 1. d; 2. b; 3. c; 4. a
2. a. read Shakespearean plays, biography, glossary, notes, etc. on the screen; b. listen to audio performances,
see photographs of professional productions, etc.; c. to launch four more Shakespearean plays; d. involve
people in Shakespeare’s plays; e. won’t watch without reading the play before; f. go on developing this idea
and launch four other plays soon.
3. a. 3; b. 1; c. 2; d. 1; e. 3.

Page 27

4. a. we like/want/are fond of; b. video recordings of live performances; c. machine.

5. Newspaper article. Its source is The Guardian, a British quality paper.
6. Personal answer.

Page 28

VOCABULARY
Technology – household appliances
1. 1. desktop; 2. disk; 3. screen; 4. upload; 5. delete; 6. printer; 7. chip; 8. bug; 9. androids; 10. emails; 11.
mouse; 12. laptop; 13. videos; 14. browser; 15. cyberspace desktop
2. a. mouse; b. screen; c. emails; d. disk/delete; e. bugs; f. upload; g. browsers; h. chip; i. cyberspace.

Virgínia Barros, Luísa Barros, Maria José Rodrigues, Vanessa Reis Esteves
START-UP 10 ANSWER KEYS

Page 29

3. 1. vacuum cleaner; 2. mobile phone; 3. iron; 4. playstation; 5. fire extinguisher; 6. liquidizer; 7. remote control;
8. microwave oven; 9. hairdryer; 10. bicycle

2. I use the mobile to communicate with other people; 3. I use the iron to press my clothes and remove
creases; 4. I use the playstation to play games with my friends; 5. We use a fire extinguisher to put out any
fire or flames; 6. I use the liquidizer to prepare a fruit juice or shakes; 7. We use the remote control to zap or
change channel, to switch the TV on and off; 8. I use the microwave oven to heat food or to defrost it; 9. I use
my hairdryer to dry and blow dry my hair; 10. I use a bicycle to ride to town or to go to the beach.

Page 30

Teens and technology

1. TV; 2. games; 3. study; 4. week; 5. watch; 6. laptops; 7. school; 8. technology

Page 31

Compound words
Suggested: homework; home video; workplace; workshop; online message; online work; TV online; video shop; online
shop; online channel; TV channel; electronic message (e-message); electronic TV.

Prefixes of negation
1. abnormal; undesirable; irresistible; impatient; unpleasant; inexistent; unattractive; non-toxic; anti-social;
disrespectful; immortal; dishonest.

Page 32

2. a. unpleasant; b. irresistible; c. impatient; d. impolite;

e. unattractive/undesirable; f. immortal; g. dishonest;
h. anti-social.

Page 33

Space
1. . 1. b; 2. a; 3. d; 4. c

Page 34

2. a. 3; b. 3; c. 1; d. 1; e. 3.
3. a. thunderstorms; b. clouds; c. blue-white; d. sizes; e. populated

Page 35

GRAMMAR
Prepositional verbs
1.
at about for from in of to with on
point dream search come participate die belong agree insist
shout chat wait differ go consist adapt meet count
gaze tell thank separate specialise hear adjust argue spend
2. a. looking; b. talk/chat; c. arrived; d. refrain; e. listen; f. depend/rely; g. think/care/worry; h. relied/depended; i.
arguing.

Subordinating conjunctions
1. As soon as/As; b. When; c. unless; d. so that; e. While; f. as/because; g. Although/Due to the fact that; h.
Unless; i. in order to/so as to/to.

Page 36
2.
a. After she glanced/glancing at him, she smiled; b. I’m going to the shop around the corner because there’s a
spectacular sale there; c. As I saved a lot of money, I’m going to buy a laptop; d. If Judy doesn’t work harder/very
hard, she won’t raise her grades; e. As soon as they arrived at the restaurant, I noticed Jane was much taller.

IF-clauses – Types I and II

1. 1. c; 2. g; 3. h; 4. a; 5. e; 6. f; 7. d; 8. b.

Virgínia Barros, Luísa Barros, Maria José Rodrigues, Vanessa Reis Esteves
START-UP 10 ANSWER KEYS

2. a. would/could; b. goes/will have; c. didn’t make/’d sleep; d. will continue/keep on; e. worked/’d be; f. ’ll
give/would give/promise/promised.

Page 37

The Gerund/-ing form

1. a. afraid of; b. fond of/interested in; c. worried/nervous about; d. tired of/afraid of; e. tired of; f. upset about/afraid
of/worried about; g. excited about/interested in; h. capable of; i. tired of
2. 1. risk; 2. keep; 3. suggested; 4. avoid; 5. enjoyed; 6. regret; 7. prefers; 8. finished; 9. hates; 10. love

Page 39

1. sender’s address; 2. date; 3. receiver’s/inside address; 4. salutation/greeting; 5. body; 6. body; 7. ending; 8. your
signature.

Page 40

1. a. 4; b. 5; c. 6; d. 1; e. 3; f. 2.
2. g; 2. j; 3. d; 4. i; 5. b; 6. e; 7. a; 8. h; 9. f; 10. c

Page 41

3. c, g, d, a, f, e, b

Block 3

Page 46

TEXT 1
Suggested answer: …sitting in front of a box changing channels really quickly to see if there is something interesting on.
It’s a form of entertainment when we’re too tired to do anything else. For some people it’s their favourite pastime,
watching soaps and contests, news or films on TV. It also means the press, newspapers, reports, articles, etc.

Page 48

1. a. original, ground-breaking; b. have passed; c. seduce, mold, create; d. untrue, wrong, erroneous, fake; e.
does not focus on issues that should be debated, superficial; f. exaggerates, abuses a. original, ground-
breaking
2. a. Yes; “…companies… others”; b. No.; c. Yes; “However… need.”; d. Yes; “Younger minds… adulthood.”; e.
No.; f. Yes; “Globally… identified.”
3. a. subtle messages that consumers are not consciously aware of; b. big firms with branches all over the
world; c. the number of viewers of a show; d. newspapers and magazines; e. stardom, being a celebrity; f.
young people are “locked” in a house and filmed living everyday life. Each week a contestant is expelled from
the house. Others present people in dangerous habitats without having their commodities and essential
objects around.

Page 50

TEXT 2
1. a. 2; b. 4; c. 4; d. 3; e. 3; f. 2
2. a. The Cons; b. The Pros; c. The Pros; d. Introduction; e. The Pros
3. Suggested answer: a. Young people trust the Net to help them make choices in their everyday lives. They are
impressionable, which means the Net has a huge influence on them. “Teenagers today… remote control.; b.
The author has a negative opinion of advertising and movies, because they influence young people’s minds in
a bad way: teens believe that sex is something you should try whatever your age and the same happens with
cigarettes. As a result they contract sexual diseases, they get pregnant, they can become addicted to
cigarettes or drugs. “Teens have a distorted…TV shows.”; c. Positive aspects: the Internet can help and
motivate children to work harder and as a result they achieve better marks at school. Educational shows on
TV are a powerful learning tool too, not just for teens but also for adults. They learn a lot about the world and
remote cultures and civilizations.

Page 51

VOCABULARY
The media

Virgínia Barros, Luísa Barros, Maria José Rodrigues, Vanessa Reis Esteves
START-UP 10 ANSWER KEYS

1. a. actress; b. agent; c. movie; d. child; e. model; f. work; g. problems; h. cameras

2. Suggested answers: 1. c, e, f; 2. a, c, e, f; 3. a, c, f, e; 4. f, e, a, c; 5. c, e, f; 6. b, d, c

Page 52

3. Personal answer.
4. Personal answer.

Clues across:
1. article
2. reporter
3. public opinion
4. singer
5. film review
6. programme

Clues down:
7. film industry
8. the news
9. documentary
10. commercial

5. Personal answer.

Page 53

GRAMMAR
Relative Clauses
1. a. who; b. which; c. ,who; d. whose; e. who; f. that/which; g. , which; h. which
2. Suggested answer: Defining relative clauses provide crucial information about a person, an animal, an object or a
fact. This information is vital for understanding. Non-defining relative clauses give extra information about a person,
an animal, object or fact. That extra information is not necessary for understanding. In non-defining clauses, you
can’t use that instead of which or who.
Examples:
I met the guy who works at the garage down the street. – defining relative clause.
I took my students, who were very excited, to an art exhibition at Steiner’s Art Gallery. – non-defining relative clause.
As a kid, I used to play with the neighbour’s cats, which were tame and playful. – non-defining relative clause
I want to watch the costume drama that is showing at the cinemas now. – defining relative clause.

Page 53

IF-clauses – type III

1. a. I had studied, would have passed; b. had arrived, would have been; c. had not climbed, would not have
escaped; d. had not changed, would not have met; e. had paid, would have avoided; f. had told, would have
lent; g. had known, would have moved

Page 54

2. 1. d; 2. e; 3. f; 4. b; 5. g; 6. a; 7. c.

Verbs + to + infinitive
1. a. pretended; b. refused; c. want/try/tried/wanted; d. afford; e. planned/are planning; f. forget; g.
tried/wanted.
2. 1. d; 2. c; 3. e; 4. g; 5. a; 6. b; 7. f.

Pages 54-55

Reported speech
1. a. Emma said that she was busy then and she would call you later; b. The politician promised to lower your
taxes if you elect him/her; c. Sue asked her boyfriend if he could fetch her jacket from the living-room; d.
Claire’s Mum said that her daughter loved/loves doing cross-stitching and spent/spends hours at it; e. John
advised me to dress warmly if I went out that night, because it was getting colder; f. Kate begged me to tell
her what happened next on “Sherlock”. She added that she couldn’t wait till the following episode; g. Roy’s
best friend told him that he had a cold and couldn’t go out that night.
2. a. 3; b. 2; c. 2; d. 1; e. 2; f. 3; g. 3.

Virgínia Barros, Luísa Barros, Maria José Rodrigues, Vanessa Reis Esteves
START-UP 10 ANSWER KEYS

Block 4

Pages 60-61

TEXT 1
1. 1. English learners are approximately one million people; 2. There are more Mandarin speakers than English;
3. English is the international language of diplomacy….Hollywood films; 4. An English speaker has got the
biggest vocabulary of any language; 5. Many people around the world are studying English because they
want to understand films and TV shows; 6. Like it or not speaking English is very important. Being able to
read and write… these days!
2. a. …that you are one in a million students who are learning the most popular language in the world at school;
b. …in the world speak English as a native language; c. …English will be your language of communication; d.
…is more important than just reading and writing in that language.

Pages 63-64

TEXT 2
1. The writer complained that his wife kept on buying traditional food like vegetables and fruit instead of
choosing real American food.
2. 1. c; 2. d; 3. b; 4. a.
3. Bill decided to choose his own breakfast food and was tempted to buy chocolate cookie crisp, which made his
wife get angry.
4. a. T; b. F; c. F; d. T; e. F.
5. a. She forced him to eat all the junk food he had brought from the supermarket; b. He thought the food was
awful; c. He probably bought healthy food instead of greasy, sugary junk food.

Page 65

Vocabulary: The English language

1. 1. g; 2. h; 3. a; 4. c; 5. f; 6. e; 7. b; 8. d
2. 1. h; 2. g; 3. c; 4. a; 5. f; 6. b; 7. d; 8. e
3. Personal answer.

Page 66

Vocabulary: AmE/BrE

2.gasoline – petrol; sneakers – trainers; sidewalk – pavement; apartment – flat; college – university; park – parking lot;
cookies – biscuits; movie – film; pants – trousers; elevator – lift; line – queue; garbage – rubbish; vacation – holiday;
truck – lorry; mall – shopping centre

Page 67

3. automobile – car; gas station – petrol station; fuel – petrol; truck – lorry; line – queue; windshield –
windscreen; motor – engine; chips – crisps; soda – fizzy drink; freeway – highway; French Fries – chips; motel
– hostel, inn; parking lot – parking; spot/ space; sidewalk – pavement; pants – trousers; sneakers –
sportshoes trainers; fall – autumn; apartment – flat; cell phone – mobile; rest rooms – toilets

Page 68

Travelling by plane
3.Suggested answer: overhead locker – luggage; wing cockpit – cabin; cockpit – pilot; cabin – cabin crew –
flight attendant; flight – turbulence; check-in – passport

Page 69

English imports
1. a; 2. b; 3. c; 4. f; 5. d; 6. d; 7. b; 8. c; 9. c; 10. e; 11. d; 12. b; 13. g; 14. b; 15. d; 16. a.

Page 70

Reported speech
1. a. Peter asked why Carol was so late; b. She wanted to know if I was going to watch Homeland that night; c. Mary
insisted on knowing if we could help them finish the project; d. Mum begged/asked David to turn down the TV as

Virgínia Barros, Luísa Barros, Maria José Rodrigues, Vanessa Reis Esteves
START-UP 10 ANSWER KEYS

she had a terrible headache; e. Laura demanded to know how long the play was; f. Tom begged Joan to go to the
Prom with him; g. Sarah wondered whether she would ever find a boyfriend.
2. a. “Alan, will you help me with my Maths homework?” Henry asked; b. “Are you going to watch TV all evening?” my
sister asked; c. “What’s going on in front of the school?” the teacher asked; d. “Has Susan bought the tickets?” Dad
asked; e. “Which students have stolen the presents from under the school Christmas tree?” Mrs Smith asked.

Page 71

Possessive pronouns / determiners

1. a. my; yours; b. our; yours/mine; c. my; her; d. my; his; mine; e. their; his; f. your; my; g. his; h. our/my; their.

Comparison of adjectives
1. a. better; b. worse; c. richer; d. finest; e. less; cheaper; f. better; the best.

Page 72

2. a. London is the biggest of all European cities; b. English is easier than French or German for most students;
c. I find yoga more relaxing than karate; d. John is more hard-working than Tom but Tom gets better marks; e.
Cynthia is the most attractive girl in the class in my opinion; f. Jill is much taller than her sister Martha; g.
Titanic was the most thrilling film I’ve ever seen; h. Football is much more popular than hockey in European
countries; i. AmE is much easier than BrE for me.

Page 73

Phrasal verbs get, give, go

1. 1. h; 2. g; 3. i; 4. a; 5. b; 6. d; 7. f; 8. c; 9. e
2. a. got over; b. gave in; c. give them back; d. went away; e. went ahead; f. get along; g. went on; h. Get out!; i.
gave up.

Page 74

1. 1. e; 2. a; 3. b; 4. d; 5. c.

Page 76

2. 1. g; 2. h; 3. f; 4. j; 5. i

Page 77

3. 1. non-fiction; 2. novel; 3. biographical/travel book; 4. children’s book; 5. travel book/biographical

4. a. c; b. b; c. g; d. b

Page 79

1. a. The number of books JK Rowling has sold; b. Online bookshop where you can send for her novels; c. Harry
Potter and the Death Hallows; d. The school Harry goes to when he’s 11; e. The possibility of writing more
novels about Harry Potter; f. Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince’s opening; g. The meaning of K. in her
name; h. The reason why J.K R moved to England.
Page 80
2. 1. g; 2. c; 3. h; 4. d; 5. a; 6. f; 7. b; 8. e.
3. Personal answer.

Virgínia Barros, Luísa Barros, Maria José Rodrigues, Vanessa Reis Esteves