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grade sol review key.notebook
6th Grade SOL Science Review
I. List the planets in order from the sun to the outer reaches of our
solar system. Develop a mnemonic to help you remember the order
of the planets.
M____ V____ E____ M____ J____ S_____U_____ N_____ P___
MNEMONIC:
May 61:05 PM
II. Compare and contrast Earth's rotation and revolution.
Develop a word or picture association to help you remember
which is which.
Rotation Revolution
Word
or picture
association
Word
or picture
association
May 61:09 PM
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6th grade sol review key.notebook
III. Draw and label Earth's revolution around the Sun on the chart
below. Write a paragraph explaining why we experience seasons in
the Northern Hemisphere.
May 61:13 PM
IV. Space Science Terms: Match the terms in Column A with
the definition in Column B.
Column A Column B
A. Movement of a planet around the sun.
1. Astronomical Unit B. All space programs in the U.S. are operated from
2. Asteroid here.
3. Axis C. A small body that circles the sun between the
4. Comet orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
D. The turning of a planet on its axis.
5. Gravitational Pull
E. A big ball of dirty ice and snow in space.
6. Light Year F. The attraction that one object has for another due
7. NASA to gravity.
8. Orbit G. Small body or moon orbiting a planet.
H. The approximate distance from the sun to Earth.
9. Satellite
I. The path a planet follows around the sun.
10. Revolution J. The distance light can travel in one year.
11. Rotation K. An imaginary line that passes from pole to pole
through the center of a planet.
May 61:15 PM
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6th grade sol review key.notebook
V. Inner vs. Outer Planets
The planets are split into two large categories: inner planets and
outer planets. The inner planets are the planets that are between
the sun and the asteroid belt. The outer planets begin on the other
side of the asteroid belt.
A. List the inner planets.
1.
2.
3.
4.
B. List the outer planets.
1.
2.
3.
4.
*5.
C. Draw a picture of the solar system. Include the sun, all nine
planets, the asteroid belt, and any other "objects" that you would like
to include, such as a comet, black hole, etc.
May 61:23 PM
IV. Phases of the Moon
As the moon revolves around the Earth, we can see different
amounts of the moon's lighted part. Study the drawing of the moon's
different phases and each phase as it would be seen from the Earth.
Label each phase using the word bank below.
May 61:33 PM
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6th grade sol review key.notebook
VI. Resources
People, as well as other living organisms, are dependent upon the
availability of clean water and air and a healthy environment. Local,
state, and federal governments have significant roles in managing
and protecting air, water, plant, and wildlife resources. There are
many renewable and nonrenewable resources that must be
managed and considered in terms of their cost/benefit tradeoffs.
A. Define the following terms:
1. Renewable resource: ________________________________
_________________________________________________
2. Nonrenewable resource: _____________________________
__________________________________________________
B. List the following resources as being either renewable or
nonrenewable.
Renewable Resource Nonrenewable Resource
Biomass Coal
Solar
Hydropower Natural Gas
Wind Propane
Geothermal Petroleum
Uranium
May 62:13 PM
C. Some people in the United States tend to live throwaway
lifestyles, throwing away something once it is used rather than
reusing or recycling it. The graph below shows the amounts of
different materials consumed by an American in one year compared
to the rest of the world. Use the graph to answer the questions
below.
1. Which material shows the greatest difference in the amounts
used by Americans and the rest of the world?
2. Why do you think there is such a huge difference between what
Americans use in one year compared to what people in the rest of
the world use in one year?
3. Would you consider the materials in the graph as renewable or
nonrenewable?
May 62:29 PM
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6th grade sol review key.notebook
VII. Earth's Energy Budget
The Earth receives only a very small portion of the sun's
energy, yet this energy is responsible for powering the motion
of the atmosphere, the oceans, and many processes at the
Earth's surface. The Earth's climate system constantly tries to
maintin a balance between the energy that reaches the Earth
from the Sun and the energy that is emitted to space. This is
referred to as the Earth's "radiation budget".
A. Look at the Earth's Energy Budget diagram and answer the
following questions.
1. Determine the radiation budget by looking at the Earth’s Energy
Budget. (Subtract the amount of solar energy from the total amount
of reflected energy from the Earth in order to determine the radiation
budget). _________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
2. What is the total percentage of the incoming solar energy
reflected from the Earth by the atmosphere, clouds, and Earth’s
surface?_________________________________________________
3. Is the total percentage of the incoming solar energy reflected
from the atmosphere, clouds, and Earth’s surface less than or greater
than the incoming solar energy absorbed by the land and oceans?
________________________________________________________
4. If the amount of incoming solar energy reflected from the Earth’s
surface tripled, how much energy would be reflected?
_________________________________________________________
5. What is the total percentage of absorbed energy by the
atmosphere, clouds, and land and oceans?
_________________________________________________________
6. What is the total percentage of energy radiated from the clouds
and atmosphere and directly to space from earth?
_________________________________________________________
May 68:17 PM
B. Up and down, and all
around!
Use the diagram below to fill in the
information in the paragraph.
At the equator, _____________ air
rises. Some of this warmth is
trapped by the
__________________, while the
rest continues up through the
atmosphere and into
________________. The warm,
trapped air travels ____________
or _____________ over top of
cooler air that moves along the
earth towards the
_______________ to fill the gap
left by the rising _______________
air.
As the warm air higher in the atmosphere starts to cool, it will
begin to __________ to earth again north or south of where it
started. Without this movement of ____________ from the
equator, the North would be even chillier than it is! These air
currents or winds also help move ____________ ocean water
from the equator into the ___________ regions, which is another
way of keeping the North a wee bit warmer. This movement of
cool and warm air creates air _____________ at the local level as
well. Have you seen birds hanging in the air without flapping?
They are taking advantage of the rising warmer air, called
____________. Dropping cool air can create ______________.
The difference in ___________ energy levels causes a
temperature difference between the ____________ and the
___________. This temperature difference causes oceanic and
atmospheric ______________. Ocean ______________ are
caused by winds, differences in temperature, and differences in
salinity. __________ water is denser than ____________ water.
__________ water is denser than _______________ water.
_____________ water near the poles is denser and tends to
_____________.
May 68:22 PM
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6th grade sol review key.notebook
C. Label the convection currents in the picture to illustrate
how air moves. Use the following words to complete the
illustration.
f Rising warm air
f Air cools and sinks
f Ground
May 68:27 PM
VIII. A Cycle of Water
The amount of water on Earth today is exactly the same amount that
was here millions of years ago. A special process called the water cycle
is continuously moving water from Earth’s surface into the atmosphere
and then back again. Study the diagram of the water cycle. Write each
water cycle term from the word bank in the correct blank to label the
diagram. Then write each term next to its correct definition below.
1. Evaporation
2.Condensation
3. Precipitation
4. Runoff
5. Infiltration
6. Transpiration
Precipitation
7. _______________ Water in the form of rain,snow, sleet, or
hail that falls from clouds onto Earth's
Condensation surface.
8. _______________ The process by which clouds form as water
vapor cools and changes into liquid water
Infiltration droplets.
9. _______________ How water soaks down into the ground.
Runoff
10. ______________ Water that flows across land and into
streams, rivers, or oceans.
Evaporation
11. ______________ The process by which water on Earth's
surface changes from liquid to water vapor.
Transpiration
12. ______________ Evaporation of water into the atmosphere
from the leaves and stems of plants
May 68:29 PM
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6th grade sol review key.notebook
IX. Water
What Do you Know?
Directions: Look over the list of words and terms in the Word Bank.
Which words are you so confident you know what you could teach them
to the class? List those words in the "KNOW FOR SURE" column below.
Which words to you kind of know but would need a little review before
teaching the class? List those words in the "KIND OF KNOW" column.
List all other words in the "CLUELESS" column.
Word Bank
adhesion
capillary action
chemical weathering
cohesion
condensation
density
evaporation
physical weathering
precipitation
solvent
surface tension
transpiration
May 68:40 PM
Water Words
1. __________ is the attractive forces between unlike molecules.
2. Water moving up a small tube from the force of attraction is
_______________ _________________.
3. The process that breaks down rock through chemical change is
_____________ _________________.
4. _________________ occurs when molecules experience strong
intermolecular attracive forces (between like molecules).
5. ________________ is the amount of mass per unit of volume.
6. The process by which molecules at the surface of a liquid change to a
gas is called _______________.
7. ______________ _____________ is the break down of the earth's
material without undergoing a physical change.
8. Rain, snow, sleet, and hail are all examples of __________________.
9. The part of the solution that does the dissolving is the
_________________.
10. ______________ _______________ is the tightness across the
surface of water caused by the polar molecules pulling on each other.
11. The process by which plants release water vapor through their leaves
is called _____________.
12. ________________ is the process by which a gas changes to a
liquid.
May 68:48 PM
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6th grade sol review key.notebook
May 68:52 PM
X. Clouds
A. Cloud formation
Clouds are formed when rising air is cooled and the water vapor
condenses on tiny particles in the air. The tiny water droplets are so
small that they remain suspended in the air. Use the illustration below
to answer the questions.
1. Water from the earth’s surface moves into the air by
________________ and becomes __________.
2. The rising air mass becomes cooled and the water vapor _________.
3. What are the probable sources of each of these particles found in the
atmosphere?
a. Salt ___________________________________________________
b. Dust __________________________________________________
c. Smoke ________________________________________________
4. Why do the cloud droplets not fall to the earth as soon as they are
formed? _____________________________________________________
5. Why can we see a cloud? ___________________________________
6. What causes the shape of a cloud? ___________________________
May 68:53 PM
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6th grade sol review key.notebook
B. Cloud Types
1. Identify the cloud types below using the following words: stratus,
cumulus, and cirrus.
May 68:57 PM
B. Cloud Types continued
2. Clouds are formed by the _________________________ of water.
3. Which type of clouds are associated with rain?________________
4. Which type of cloud is associated with fair weather? ___________
5. The speed and direction of movement of clouds is determined by
the ______________.
6. Large, fluffy clouds are formed when air moves ______________;
layered clouds are formed when air moves ____________________.
7. Which type of cloud signals the approach of a change of weather?
______________
8. Tell the type of cloud found at each of the following altitudes:
a. Low altitude: _______________________________
b. High altitude: _______________________________
9. Write the cloud type from Column B in the space before its
description in Column A.
Column A Column B
Cumulus
__________a. White fluffy masses with flat Cirrus
bases.
Stratus
__________b. Low gray clouds without a
Stratus
definite form.
Cirrus
__________c. Formed by ice crystals.
Stratus Cumulus
__________d. Give winter skies a gray, dull
color.
Cirrus
__________e. Wispy, feathery appearance.
Cumulus
__________f. May become extremely large,
black, and ominouslooking in hot summer
days.
May 69:00 PM
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6th grade sol review key.notebook
XI. Weather
A. Fronts
A front is a boundary where different air masses meet but do
not mix. Write the words from the word bank in the correct
blanks to match each type of front with its definition.
Warm Front
1. ____________________ A warm air mass slides over a cold air mass.
This type of front can cause precipitation in the form of rain, sleet, or
snow.
Occluded Front
2. ____________________Colder air forces warm air upward, which
closes off warm air from Earth's surface.
Cold Front
3. ____________________A cold air mass and a warm air mass move
toward each other. The warm air gets lifted over the top of the cold air
and forms clouds. This often results in heavy rain or snowstorms.
Stationary Front
4. ____________________ Neither cold air nor warm air advances or
moves. Where the two fronts meet, temperatures do not change and
gentle winds occur.
May 69:07 PM
May 69:11 PM
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6th grade sol review key.notebook
May 69:12 PM
B. Precipitation
Precipitation is water vapor that condenses and falls to the earth.
Depending on the conditions in the atmosphere, precipitation can fall in
a number of forms. Identify each form of precipitation by drawing its
symbol next to its description.
May 69:13 PM
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6th grade sol review key.notebook
C. Weather Maps
Weather maps provide data from which meteorologist prepare
weather forecasts. To accurately read a weather map you must
be able to understand the weather map symbols. Label each of
these weather map symbols using the word bank.
Cold front Snow
Warm front Cloudy
Occluded front High pressure
Stationary front Low pressure
Clear skies Wind speed & direction
Rain Thunderstorm
Partly cloudy
May 69:18 PM
Weather is the condition of the atmosphere.
Weather is a result of heat from the sun and the Earth's air and water.
May 69:21 PM
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6th grade sol review key.notebook
XII.The Atmosphere
The atmosphere is made up of layers that have distinct characteristics.
Temperature decreases as altitude increases in the lowest layer of the
atmosphere. Most of the air that makes up the atmosphere is found
in the troposphere. Virtually all weather takes place there.
A. Way Up in the Sky
Directions: Write each layer of the atmosphere from the word bank in
the correct blank to label the diagram. Then write each term next to
its correct description below.
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere
Exosphere
Troposphere
1. Exosphere
2. Thermosphere
3. Mesosphere
4. Stratosphere
5. Troposphere
Thermosphere
6. _____________Layer containing high temperatures due to
absorption of the sun's rays.
Troposphere
7. _____________ Layer closest to Earth's surface, contains 90% of
the atmosphere's total mass; all weather occurs here.
Mesosphere
8. _____________ Coldest layer of the atmosphere; located above
the stratosphere.
Stratosphere
9. _____________Layer above the troposphere that contains ozone.
Exosphere
10. ____________ Outermost layer of the atmosphere; contains
almost no air molecules.
May 69:23 PM
B. Graphing the Atmosphere
Use the data table of altitudes and temperatures to create a line
graph of the atmosphere’s varying temperatures. Then answer
the questions below.
May 69:29 PM
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6th grade sol review key.notebook
XIII. Watershed
A. Matching
Directions: Match each of the vocabulary terms with the correct
definition.
May 69:32 PM
B. River System
A river may begin its journey to the sea high up in the mountains
as a melting glacier, or as a number of small streams and brooks
high up in the hills. As the river flows downhill the moving water
reshapes the land by carrying away sand, stones, and clay. The
river and all the water that flows into it make up the river system.
Label the parts of the river system with the word bank
below.
Glacier
Tributary
Lake
Meander
Waterfall
Alluvial Fan
Rapids
Oxbow Lake
Delta
May 69:36 PM
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6th grade sol review key.notebook
May 69:39 PM
May 1011:25 AM
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6th grade sol review key.notebook
Critical Thinking
Where Cassie lives it rains almost every day in the summer.
She recorded the daily rainfall for one week and started the
graph below to display her data.
1. On Saturday, it rained 1.2 inches. Add that day's rainfall to Cassie's
graph.
2. How much more did it rain on the day with the most rainfall than on
the day with the least rainfall? __________
3. The sum of the rainfall on two days equals the amount of rain that fell
on Friday. Which two days were these?
________________________________
4. The amount of rain that fell on Saturday is twice the amount of rain
that fell on another day. Which day was this? __________________
5. The sum of the rainfall on some days equals the amount of rain that
fell on Thursday. Which days were these?
____________________________________________
6. What was the total weekly rainfall? _____________________
7. What is the mean daily rainfall? _______________________
8. What is the median rainfall? _________________________
9. What is the mode of the rainfall? ______________________
May 69:53 PM
6th Grade Review Questions Part I
1. Venus, the moon, Mars, and the sun are all visible in our sky. All but one of these
reflect light from another source. Which of the following produces its own light?
A. Venus
B. The moon
C. Mars
D. The sun
2. Which of the following has the least effect on lake water temperature?
A. The depth of the water
B. The angle of the incoming sun rays
C. The number of fish in the lake
D. The lake's surface area
3. Fossil fuels such as gas, oil, and coal have what kind of energy?
A. Mechanical energy
B. Chemical energy
C. Electrical energy
D. Nuclear energy
4. Astronomers view objects in space through scientific instruments known as
A. Microscopes
B. Hygrometers
C. Telescopes
D. Barometers
5. Which of the following causes the sun to appear to set?
A. The revolution of the sun
B. The rotation of the Earth
C. The revolution of the Earth
D. The rotation of the sun
May 610:03 PM
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6th grade sol review key.notebook
6th Grade Review Questions Part 2
1. According to the chart, on which planet would a ball fall the fastest?
A. Earth
B. Jupiter
C. Neptune
D. Saturn
2. Which of these is a result of burning fossil fuels?
A. Acid Rain
B. Clean water
C. Hydroelectric energy
D. Solar energy
3. A student designs and builds a 1:1000 scale model of the Mt. Fuji volcano in Japan.
Since Mt. Fuji is about 3,800 m high, what is the height of the model?
A. 0.38 meters
B. 3.8 meters
C. 380 meters
D. 3,8000 meters
4. Which body in the solar system usually contains at atmosphere?
A. An asteroid
B. A planet
C. A meteor
D. A comet
5. Which of these resources would give the most current, complete, and accurate
information on planets?
A. Planet website by Rock Round Middle School
B. The NASA website
C. A set of general encyclopedias
D. A science book about the planets
May 610:08 PM
6th Grade Review Questions Part 3
1. Which of these planets in the solar system was the most recently discovered?
A. Mars
B. Venus
C. Jupiter
D. Pluto
2. The force the holds the planets in orbit around the sun is called
A. Motion
B. Friction
C. Pressure
D. Gravity
3. Which of these has the most influence on ocean tides?
A. The magnetic field of the Earth
B. Gravity between the Earth and the moon
C. Radiation from the sun
D. Electrical forces in the atmosphere
4. A group of people were concerned about a new coalburing power plant that
might be built in their neighborhood. What is probably their main concern?
A. Burning coal produces more heat than burning wood
B. The heat from burning coal can drive generators to produce electricity
C. Burning coal produces sulfur dioxide which contributes to acid rain
D. There is more coal in the earth than there is oil and gas
5. Which of these would be the best model to use to study the cause of the
moon's phase changes?
May 610:13 PM
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6th grade sol review key.notebook
6th Grade Review Questions Part 4
1. This chart represents the type and number of items collected in a beach
cleanup. Based on the above chart, what percentage of the total items collected
from the beaches was plastic?
A. 46%
B. 49%
C. 56%
D. 70%
2. The science of astromony is concerned with the observation and analysis of
the movements of celestial objects. The invention of which instrument was
most helpful to the advancement of astronomy?
A. Telescope
B. Microscope
C. Camera
D. Geiger counter
3. There are many reasons why the use of oil needs to be managed carefully.
Which of the following is not one of these reasons?
A. There are only limited supplies of oil in the Earth
B. Oil spills at sea have killed many marine animals
C. Burning oil contributes to acid rain and the greenhouse effect
D. Oil was created by plants and animals
4. Because burning fossil fuels creates much pollution, alternatives are being
investigated. What might limit the use of wind as a major energy source?
A. The strength of wind varies
B. Wind machines have huge blades to capture the wind
C. Turbines and generators in the wind machines create electricity
D. Wind power does not create pollution.
5. At which of these points is it 12:00 noon?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
May 610:19 PM
Chesapeake Bay Watershed Activity
A watershed is the land area that drains into a specific body of water. For
example, water from 6 states and the District of Columbia drains into the
Chesapeake Bay. Its watershed includes 64,000 square miles of land.
Human activities and land use in the watershed affect the amount of
water that runs into a body of water.
The James River is the largest Bay watershed in Virginia. It includes the
Upper, Piedmont, Middle, and Lower subwatersheds. Water runoff from
the watershed carries sediment, nutrients, and toxins into the James River
and the Chesapeake Bay.
In this activity, you will calculate the amount of runoff that occurs, based
on the land usage and area.
Imagine that the watershed recieved 5 cm of rain (0.05 m). Imagine that
the rain fell equally on all parts of the watershed. Use the information
from Table 1 to calculate the amount of rainfall received over the total
area. Multiply the amount of rainfall in meters times the total land area
in meters (to convert from km to m, multiply km by 1000).
Volume of Rainfall = ________________ cubic meters
Using the information in Table 1, determine the amount of rainfall that
fell on each part of the watershed. Then determine the amount of runoff
from each type of land surface, based on the information given. To
determine the amount of runoff, multiply the volume of rainfall by the
percentage of water that can run off.
Conclusion: Describe the relationship between land use and the amount
of runoff that occurs. As more and more people move into the
Chesapeake Bay watershed, how is land use going to change? How will
this affect the amount of runoff that occurs? What types of material can
be found in the runoff that would damage the Chesapeake Bay?
May 69:42 PM
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