SCIENCE 8

Module 1
Week 1
Day 1

Lesson 1.1: FORCE

About this Lesson

It will give the basic information about force.

Objectives:
In this lesson, you are expected to;
a. Understand what force is.

Lesson Proper:

I. Discussion

What is Force?

-force is described as a push or pull on an object. And it is expressed in unit of

NEWTON (N).

Force applied in a ball

The direction of the arrow indicates the direction of the force while the length of the
arrow represents the relative magnitude of the force. If the force applied on the ball is
doubled, the length of the arrow is increased two times.
The line of action is the straight line passing through the point of application and is
parallel to the direction of the force.

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 II. Exercise
A. Identify which of the following has a force exerting on each statement. Write a check if
there is force acting on it. Write the check before the number.

1. Kicking a ball.
2. Sitting in the chair.
3. Standing in a door.
4. A falling leaf.
5. Magnet attracting metal.
6. Stretching a rubber band.
7. Pulling a cabinet.
8. Pushing a car.
9. Throwing a ball.
10.Jar place above the cabinet.

B. Write at least 5 things you do in your home that needed a force. Write your answer in
the box below.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Prepared by:

JUNREY O. SARAUSAS
Science Teacher

2
 Day 2

Lesson 1.2: Kinds of force

About this lesson

This will give additional information about force, kinds and classification of force.

Objective:
In this lesson, you are expected to:
a. Infer the different kind of force acting on an object.

Lesson Proper

I. Activity 1:
Picture analysis.

Below is a picture of a ball placed on the floor.

Answer the following questions and write your answer below the number.

1. Is there force acting on the ball? If yes can you identify the force/forces?

2. What happen if you kick the ball?

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Activity 2
Forces on objects at rest

Objectives:
Performing this activity, you should be able to identify the forces acting on an object at
rest.

Materials:
pen pair of scissors
string

Procedure
Situation 1
Hang a pen by a piece of string as shown in Figure 1.

Write your answer below the question.

Questions;
1. Is the pen at rest or in motion?
Figure 1

2. Are there forces acting on the pen? If yes, draw the forces. You may use arrows to
represent these forces.

Situation 2
Cut the string with a pair of scissors.

Question 3. What happens to the pen? What could have caused the pen’s motion?

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 Kinds of Force

1. Frictional force is force acting in the opposite direction.

While pulling a box to the right the floor exert a frictional force against to the
direction you are pulling.

Source: https://byjus.com/physics/frictional-force/

2. Normal Force the force that support the weight of an object in the surface.

Example of this is putting a box in a table while the weight or the gravity pull the
box, the chair exert a force contradict to the gravity and that is called normal
force.

Source: https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/405605510165271352/
3. Applied Force a force that is applied in an object by a person or another objet.
Examples are like pushing a table, pulling a table, hammering the nail.

Source: https://sites.google.com/site/pozdersimonc4mechanicsl2/applied-force

4. Spring Force is the force by a compressed or stretched spring upon any object that
is attached to it.
Example are squeezing a ball, stretching a rubber band

Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/image-vector/education-chart-physics-different-types-force-661087543

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 5. Buoyant Force is an upward force that fluids exert on any object that is placed in
them.

Example of this force is placing a ball in the water and then float, Floating Ship.

Source: https://www.ck12.org/physics/buoyancy/lesson/Buoyancy-MS-PS/

6. Gravitational Force is a force that makes everything fall down towards the Earth

Here is the situation that we can say that gravity is present like the falling leaf, you
jump and touch the ground or you jump and then you fall to the ground.

Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/image-vector/education-chart-physics-different-types-force-661087543

7. Electromagnetic Force is a force which includes basic electric and magnetic

interaction

Example of this force is a magnet.

Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/image-vector/education-chart-physics-different-types-force-661087543
Post activity Discussion:
Lets answer the questions in the on the first activity.

1. Is there force acting on the ball? If yes can you identify the force/forces?
Answer: Yes there is a force; there are gravitational force and normal force acting on the ball.

Normal Force
Gravitational Force

There are normal force and gravitational force, the gravity exert a force by pulling the ball to the
ground while the ground exert a normal force equal to the force exert by the gravity
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 2. What happen if you kick the ball?
Answer: It will move since you applied a force on the ball.

Remember: Even an object is at rest there is always force acting on an

object. And also every force you exert on an object there is a force opposite
to the direction you applied.

Exercise/Quiz

Identify what kind of force on each statement. Write your answer after the number.

1. Throwing a ball.
2. Walking in a hallway.
3. A ball is falling from the roof top.
4. Carrying a box.
5. Magnet stick on the reef.
6. Jumping in the plane.
7. A floating wood.
8. Hitting a ball.
9. Swimming in the sea.
10.Magnet stick in the reef.

Prepared by:

JUNREY O. SARAUSAS
Science Teacher

7
 Day 3

Lesson 1.3: Classification of Force

About this lesson

This will give additional information about force and its classification.

Objective:
In this lesson, you are expected to:
a. Classification of different kind of force acting on an object

Lesson Proper
I. Discussion

The 2 Classification of Force

1. Contact Forces are present when direct touching or collision of the interacting object is
observed.

And under this classification are;

Friction Force, Normal Force, Applied Force. Spring

force

2. Non-contact Forces are force that does not a direct touching between two object.

Under this classification are:

Gravitational Force Electromagnetic Force

C. Exercise

Identify the following statement either it is a contact force or a non-contact force. Write
your answer after the statement.

1. Throwing a ball.
2. Walking in a hallway.
3. A ball is falling from the roof top.
4. Carrying a box.

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 5. Magnet stick on the reef.
6. Jumping in the plane.
7. A floating wood.
8. Hitting a ball.
9. Swimming in the sea.
10.Magnet stick in the reef.

Prepared by:

JUNREY O. SARAUSAS
Science Teacher

9
 Day 4

Lesson 1.3: Net Force (Force in different direction)

About this lesson:

After knowing the concept of force the next topic is finding the net force applied in an object.

Objective:
In this lesson, the students are expected to:
a. Describe the force quantitatively and qualitatively.

Lesson Proper
I. Activity/Discussion
Compute the force applied in the object.

There are two boys pushing and pulling a box. They exerted the same amount of Force.

10 N 10 N

1. What is the net force acting on an object?

2. How did you compute the net force?

3. Is the force balance or unbalance?

Answer:
1. What is the net force acting on an object?
 The net force is 20N(Newton)

2. How did you compute the net force?

 In finding the net force just adds the force acting on an object.

3. Is the force balance or unbalance?

 The force is unbalance.

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II. Discussion

Net Force is the sum of all the forces acting on an object.

In computing the net force we used the formula:

F net=F n + F g or F net=F 1 + F2

Where:
F net= the net force
F n = normal force F 1 = First force acted on an object
F g = Gravitational Force F 2 = second force acted on an object

Let’s have an example:

1. A ball place on the top of the table if the gravitational force acting on an object is 3
N(Newton) while the table exert a Normal force of 3N opposite to the direction on
the gravity.

Fn= 3N

Fg= 3N
Solution:
In computing the net force we follow the following steps.

Given Fg =( -3N)
It is negative because the direction
of force is down ward. First is identify the given
Fn = 3N
F net=?

F net=F n + F g Second is substitute the value in the formula

= 3N+( −¿3N)

= 3N – 3N Third is follow the operation.

Remember in math negative times positive is negative.
3N + (-3N)
That is why it become 3N – 3N.And then subtract.
F net=0

The Net force is 0 and the force is balance.

 Remember if the direction of the force is downward the sign of it is

Negative (-).

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 2. A two boys pushing and pulling the object to the right. The first boy exerts 5N and
the second boy also exerted 5N. What is the net force acting on an object?

Solution:
First let’s draw based on the given problem.

5N

5N

Given:
F 1= -5N First step Identify the given
F 2=5N

F net= F 1+ F 2
= 5N+ (-5N) Second step, substitute the given value to the formula
=0
It is being subtracted because the forces acting on an object is in opposite
direction.
The force is unbalance since the net force is 10N.

 Remember that if the direction of the force is to the left then it is

negative.

Quiz

Compute the net force and identify if the force if it is balance or unbalance.
Write your answer below the number.

1. 2. 10 N

15 N 5N

5N

Prepared by:

JUNREY O. SARAUSAS
Science Teacher
12
 Day 5

Lesson 1.3: Net Force (Force in the same direction)

About this lesson:

After knowing the concept of force the next topic is finding the net force applied in an object.

Objective:
In this lesson, the students are expected to:
a. Describe the force quantitatively and qualitatively.

Lesson Proper

Discussion
Lets continue the discussion how about the forces are in the Net Force.
How about if the force acting on an object is in the same direction.

Let’s have an example.

1. 2.

15 N 5N 5N 5N

Solution:
1. Given F 1=15 N
F 2=5 N  Just add the force acting on the object because
the force acting on an object is the same.
F net=F 1 + F2
¿ 15N + 5N
= 20 N

The force is unbalance, since the net force is 20N.

Try to solve number 2.

2.

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Remember:

1. If the direction of the two forces is opposite, one is negative and the other is
positive.
Ex.
The right direction and upward direction is positive (+)
The left direction and down ward direction is negative (−¿)

2. If the force acting on an object is in the same directions just add the force.
3. If the net force is 0 so the force is balance.
4. If the Net force is not 0 the force is unbalance.

Quiz.
Calculate the net force of the following object and identify the force if it is balance or
unbalance force. Write your answer below the number.

5N 50N
1. 2.

10N 10N

Prepared by:

JUNREY O. SARAUSAS
Science Teacher

14
 Post Test

Name: Date:
Year and Section: Grade 8- Score:

I. Identification.
Identify the each statement if it is a contact force or non-contact force and identify the force.
Write your answer after the statement.

1. A floating boat.
2. Scrubbing the floor.
3. Rain drops.
4. Punching a punching bag.
5. Stone sinking stone.
6. Ceiling fan placed in the ceiling.
7. Magnet stick in an iron.
8. Ball was thrown.
9. Stretching a rubber band.
10.Standing in the door.

II. Computing Net force.

Calculate the net force and identify if force acting on an object is balance or unbalance, Based on the
drawing. Write your answer after the drawing.

1.

10 N 10N

2.

5N

10N

3.

5N 10N

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 4.

20N 30N

10N 5N
5.

III. Problem solving.

1. You and your friends is playing tag of war. You were divided in to two groups. Your team
exerted 500N pulling the rope towards to the left while the other team is exerting 450N
towards to the right. What is the net force acting on the rope?

-Do not Include During Printing-

Reference:

Campo, Pia C. et al, Department of Education-Instructional Materials Council Secretariat (DepEd-IMCS), 2nd
Floo, Dorm G, Philsports Complex,Meralco Avenue, Pasig City,Grade 8-Learning Guide, First edition 2013, page
1-8.

Datukan, Datukan T.et.al,Vibal Group, Inc. Mixploring Science 8, 2007,page 1-9

Prepared by:

JUNREY O. SARAUSAS
Science Teacher

16
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