Shubham Rankawat U17EC034

EXPERIMENT 6

DATE:15/03/2021

AIM: Design and simulate power divider circuit with quarter wave transformer using CST.

SOFTWARE: CST Software

THEORY:

A quarter wave transformer is used to match two transmission lines with different
impedances. It can only be used if the impedances of both lines are strictly REAL (no
imaginary parts). A length of transmission line that is a quarter of a wavelength long (λ /4)2

is used. The impedance of the quarter wave transformer is

where Z1and Z2 are the two impedances being matched. A quarter wave transformer provides a perfect
match (ZERO reflection) at the ONE frequency where the length of the transformer is λ /4. At all other
frequencies, there is some reflection. This is considered a narrow-band matching device.

Fig: Quarter Wave Transformers in a T-junction Power Splitter

A power splitter is used to divide (split) power. In the picture above, the device is shaped like
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a “T”, so is called a “T-junction power splitter”. Power comes in from the left, and is split
equally to come out on the right. Half of the power comes out of each of the arms on the
right. 10 log( ½) = -3dB. Hence the name “3dB Power Splitter”. Power can also be brought in

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fromthe(w
rms on the right and combined to come out on the left. Then it is a T-junction power
combiner!

PROCEDURE

Step 1: Create a new project template of MW & RF & Optical and select Antennas. Select
Planar as workflow. Select Time Domain resolver. Keep all the units as default.

Step 2: Design a substrate and ground plane of 50x50mm dimensions. Use material FR-4(loss
free) for substrate and copper(annealed) for ground plane.

Step 3: Use impedance calculator in macros to calculate width of the line impedance for 70
ohm.

Step 3: Design a line impedance of width 3.1mm and length of 40mm for 1Ghz

Step 4: Design quarter wave transformer each of length 40mm along both the sides of line
impedance.

Step 5: Now connect two 50ohm connector at the end of 70ohm QWT.

Step 6: Pick face along all the three edges of the thin strip and assign waveguide ports to
them.

Step 7: Run setup solver for 0-2Ghz frequency and simulate the results.
Step 8: Study the results obtained from S-parameter.

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RESULTS
1) S(1,1)

2) S(2,1)

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2) S(3,1)

4) S(1,2)

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5) S(2,2)

6) S(3,2)

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7) S(1,3)

8) S(2,3)

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9) S(3,3)

CONCLUSION

In this experiment, we designed a power divider circuit with quarter wave transformer for a
frequency of 1Ghz and simulated the results for the same.

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