ME Special Topics – Statics of Rigid Bodies

MECHANICS
- Science that describes and predicts the conditions of rest, or of motion, of bodies as
acted upon by forces.

ENGINEERING MECHANICS
- Focused on the mechanics of solids, particularly rigid bodies, and is composed of two
parts; statics and dynamics.

STATICS
- The study of bodies at rest or in equilibrium.

DYNAMICS
- The study of bodies in motion under the action of forces.

PARTS OF DYNAMICS
1. Kinematics – treats of the motion of bodies without considering the forces which cause
the motion.
2. Kinematics – considers the effects of forces on the bodies.

STATICS OF RIGID BODIES

General Representation of Vectors

𝔸𝔸
j Ay
𝜆𝜆

i x
k
Az
Ax
z

A = Axi + Ayj + Azk

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Where,
Ax – component of vector 𝔸𝔸 along x-axis
Ay – component of vector 𝔸𝔸 along y-axis
Az – component of vector 𝔸𝔸 along z-axis
i – base vector along the x-axis
j – base vector along the y-axis
k – base vector along the z-axis
𝜆𝜆 – unit vector of 𝔸𝔸
𝔸𝔸 = 𝑨𝑨𝑨𝑨
�𝒙𝒙𝒇𝒇 − 𝒙𝒙𝒊𝒊 �𝒊𝒊 + �𝒚𝒚𝒇𝒇 − 𝒚𝒚𝒊𝒊 �𝒌𝒌 + �𝒛𝒛𝒇𝒇 − 𝒛𝒛𝒊𝒊 �𝒍𝒍
𝔸𝔸 = 𝑨𝑨
𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐
��𝒙𝒙𝒇𝒇 − 𝒙𝒙𝒊𝒊 � + �𝒚𝒚𝒇𝒇 − 𝒚𝒚𝒊𝒊 � + �𝒛𝒛𝒇𝒇 − 𝒛𝒛𝒊𝒊 �

Where,
f – a subscript indicating the final position of the vector
g – a subscript indication the initial position of the vector

Resultant of Vectors
- The resultant of vectors can be determined by addition of vectors.

𝑹𝑹 = � 𝑽𝑽

- Thus, for forces this process is done by algebraic addition of all similar force
components at their respective axes.

𝑹𝑹 = � 𝑭𝑭 = 𝑭𝑭𝟏𝟏 + 𝑭𝑭𝟐𝟐 + 𝑭𝑭𝟑𝟑 + ⋯ + 𝑭𝑭𝒏𝒏

𝑹𝑹 = 𝑹𝑹𝒙𝒙 𝒊𝒊 + 𝑹𝑹𝒚𝒚 𝒋𝒋 + 𝑹𝑹𝒛𝒛 𝒌𝒌

Where,
𝑹𝑹𝒙𝒙 = 𝑹𝑹𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙 + 𝑹𝑹𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙 + 𝑹𝑹𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙 + ⋯ + 𝑹𝑹𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙
𝑹𝑹𝒚𝒚 = 𝑹𝑹𝒚𝒚𝒚𝒚 + 𝑹𝑹𝒚𝒚𝒚𝒚 + 𝑹𝑹𝒚𝒚𝒚𝒚 + ⋯ + 𝑹𝑹𝒚𝒚𝒚𝒚
𝑹𝑹𝒛𝒛 = 𝑹𝑹𝒛𝒛𝒛𝒛 + 𝑹𝑹𝒛𝒛𝒛𝒛 + 𝑹𝑹𝒛𝒛𝒛𝒛 + ⋯ + 𝑹𝑹𝒛𝒛𝒛𝒛

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I. Resultant of Force Systems

a. Coplanar System
o Concurrent Forces
o Case A. Two forces only.

𝐹𝐹1

𝑅𝑅
𝜃𝜃

𝐹𝐹2

𝑅𝑅
𝛽𝛽
𝛼𝛼 𝛾𝛾 𝐹𝐹1
𝐹𝐹2

From Cosine Law,

𝑹𝑹𝟐𝟐 = 𝑭𝑭𝟏𝟏 𝟐𝟐 + 𝑭𝑭𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐 − 𝟐𝟐𝑭𝑭𝟏𝟏 𝑭𝑭𝟐𝟐 𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄
From Sine Law,
𝑹𝑹 𝑭𝑭𝟏𝟏 𝑭𝑭𝟐𝟐
= =
𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔 𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔 𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔
o Case B. Three or more forces.

𝐹𝐹1

𝐹𝐹2

𝐹𝐹3

𝑅𝑅
� 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦

𝜃𝜃

� 𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥

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𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐
𝑹𝑹 = ��� 𝑭𝑭𝒚𝒚 � + �� 𝑭𝑭𝒙𝒙 �

∑ 𝑭𝑭𝒚𝒚
𝜽𝜽 = 𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕−𝟏𝟏 � �
∑ 𝑭𝑭𝒙𝒙
o Parallel Forces

𝐹𝐹1 𝐹𝐹2 𝐹𝐹3 𝑅𝑅

𝑥𝑥1

𝑥𝑥2 𝑥𝑥̅

𝑥𝑥3

𝑹𝑹 = � 𝑭𝑭

�� 𝑴𝑴𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅 𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 𝑭𝑭 = � 𝑴𝑴𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅 𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 𝑹𝑹 �

𝑭𝑭𝟏𝟏 (𝒙𝒙𝟏𝟏 ) + 𝑭𝑭𝟐𝟐 (𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 ) + 𝑭𝑭𝟑𝟑 (𝒙𝒙𝟑𝟑 ) = 𝑹𝑹(𝒙𝒙

�)
o Non-concurrent Coplanar Force System

𝐹𝐹2
� 𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥
𝑅𝑅
𝐹𝐹1
𝑑𝑑2 𝐹𝐹3 � 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦
𝜃𝜃
𝑑𝑑1
𝐶𝐶 𝑅𝑅

𝑑𝑑3

In scalar quantities,
Moment of Force
𝑴𝑴 = 𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭

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Resultant Force and Resultant Moment

𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐
𝑹𝑹 = ��� 𝑭𝑭𝒚𝒚 � + �� 𝑭𝑭𝒙𝒙 �

𝑪𝑪𝑹𝑹 = � 𝑴𝑴𝒐𝒐 = � 𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭

b. Non-Coplanar System
o Non-concurrent Force System

𝑦𝑦 𝑦𝑦
𝐹𝐹1 𝑅𝑅
𝐹𝐹2 𝐶𝐶𝑅𝑅

𝐹𝐹3
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥

𝑧𝑧 𝑧𝑧
Resultant force and resultant moment, in vector forms,

𝑹𝑹 = � 𝑭𝑭

𝑪𝑪𝑹𝑹 = �(𝒓𝒓 𝒙𝒙 𝑭𝑭)

II. Equilibrium
o General Condition of Static Equilibrium

� 𝑭𝑭𝒙𝒙 = 𝟎𝟎 , � 𝑭𝑭𝒚𝒚 = 𝟎𝟎 , � 𝑭𝑭𝒛𝒛 = 𝟎𝟎

� 𝑴𝑴𝒙𝒙 = 𝟎𝟎 , � 𝑴𝑴𝒚𝒚 = 𝟎𝟎 , � 𝑴𝑴𝒛𝒛 = 𝟎𝟎

(𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂)

Producing six equations,
For coplanar for system, above equations can be reduced to:

� 𝑭𝑭𝒙𝒙 = 𝟎𝟎 , � 𝑭𝑭𝒚𝒚 = 𝟎𝟎 , � 𝑴𝑴 = 𝟎𝟎

Producing three equations.

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III. Friction
o Friction on Plane Surface
𝑊𝑊

𝑃𝑃

𝜃𝜃

𝐹𝐹
∅

𝑁𝑁

𝑭𝑭
= 𝐭𝐭𝐭𝐭𝐭𝐭 ∅ = 𝝁𝝁𝒔𝒔
𝑵𝑵
Where,
𝑊𝑊 − 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤ℎ𝑡𝑡 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏
𝑃𝑃 − 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
𝑁𝑁 − 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
𝐹𝐹 − 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 (𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑎𝑎 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚)
𝑅𝑅 − 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟
∅ − 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
The maximum available friction (when motion is impending) is,
𝑭𝑭𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎 = 𝝁𝝁𝒔𝒔 𝑵𝑵
When the body is moving, the frictional force is reduced to,
𝑭𝑭 = 𝝁𝝁𝒌𝒌 𝑵𝑵
Where,
𝜇𝜇𝑠𝑠 − 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑜𝑜𝑓𝑓 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
𝜇𝜇𝑘𝑘 − 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓

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o Belt Friction

𝛽𝛽

𝑇𝑇1 𝑇𝑇2

𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏
= 𝒆𝒆𝝁𝝁𝝁𝝁
𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐
Where,
𝑇𝑇1 − 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑡𝑡 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
𝑇𝑇2 − 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
𝛽𝛽 − 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟
𝜇𝜇 − 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓

IV. Centroids
o Centroid of Lines

� = �(𝑳𝑳𝑳𝑳) = 𝑳𝑳𝟏𝟏 𝒙𝒙𝟏𝟏 + 𝑳𝑳𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + ⋯ 𝑳𝑳𝒏𝒏 𝒙𝒙𝒏𝒏

𝑳𝑳𝒙𝒙

(𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎 𝒐𝒐𝒐𝒐 𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍)

o Centroid of Areas

� = �(𝑨𝑨𝑨𝑨) = 𝑨𝑨𝟏𝟏 𝒙𝒙𝟏𝟏 + 𝑨𝑨𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + ⋯ 𝑨𝑨𝒏𝒏 𝒙𝒙𝒏𝒏

𝑨𝑨𝒙𝒙

(𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎 𝒐𝒐𝒐𝒐 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂)

o Centroid of Volumes

� = �(𝑽𝑽𝑽𝑽) = 𝑽𝑽𝟏𝟏 𝒙𝒙𝟏𝟏 + 𝑽𝑽𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + ⋯ 𝑽𝑽𝒏𝒏 𝒙𝒙𝒏𝒏

𝑽𝑽𝒙𝒙

(𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎 𝒐𝒐𝒐𝒐 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂)

Where,
𝑥𝑥̅ − 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓

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V. Moment of Inertia
o Area Moment of Inertia

𝑰𝑰𝒙𝒙 = � 𝒚𝒚𝟐𝟐 𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅

𝑰𝑰𝒚𝒚 = � 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅

𝑱𝑱 = � 𝝆𝝆𝟐𝟐 𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅

Where,
𝐼𝐼𝑥𝑥 − 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦 − 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑦𝑦 − 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
𝐽𝐽 − 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
𝑱𝑱 = 𝑰𝑰𝒙𝒙 + 𝑰𝑰𝒚𝒚
Transfer formula for the moment of inertia,
𝑰𝑰𝒙𝒙 = 𝑰𝑰𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙 + 𝑨𝑨𝒅𝒅𝟐𝟐
Where,
𝐼𝐼𝑥𝑥 − 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
𝐼𝐼𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 − 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
𝐴𝐴 − 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑠𝑠ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
𝑑𝑑 − 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎

𝑦𝑦 = 𝑦𝑦𝑜𝑜

𝒃𝒃𝒉𝒉𝟑𝟑
𝑰𝑰𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙 = 𝑰𝑰𝒙𝒙 =
ℎ 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
𝒃𝒃𝒉𝒉𝟑𝟑
𝑰𝑰𝒚𝒚𝒚𝒚 = 𝑰𝑰𝒚𝒚 =
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
𝑏𝑏

𝑦𝑦 𝑦𝑦𝑜𝑜

𝒃𝒃𝒉𝒉𝟑𝟑 𝒉𝒉𝒃𝒃𝟑𝟑
𝑰𝑰𝒙𝒙 = 𝑰𝑰𝒚𝒚 =
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
ℎ
𝒃𝒃𝒉𝒉𝟑𝟑 𝒉𝒉𝒃𝒃𝟑𝟑
𝑥𝑥𝑜𝑜 𝑰𝑰𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙 = 𝑰𝑰𝒚𝒚𝒚𝒚 =
𝑦𝑦� 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑
𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥̅ 𝑏𝑏

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ENGR. BASIL ALOYSIUS P. BAUTISTA
ME Special Topics – Statics of Rigid Bodies

𝑦𝑦 = 𝑦𝑦𝑜𝑜

𝑟𝑟
𝝅𝝅𝒓𝒓𝟒𝟒 𝝅𝝅𝒅𝒅𝟒𝟒
𝑰𝑰𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙 = 𝑰𝑰𝒙𝒙 = =
𝟒𝟒 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔
𝑥𝑥 = 𝑥𝑥𝑜𝑜

𝑦𝑦 𝑦𝑦𝑜𝑜

𝑟𝑟
𝝅𝝅𝒓𝒓𝟒𝟒
𝑥𝑥𝑜𝑜 𝑰𝑰𝒙𝒙 = 𝑰𝑰𝒚𝒚 =
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
𝑥𝑥
𝑰𝑰𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙 = 𝑰𝑰𝒚𝒚𝒚𝒚 = 𝟎𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝒓𝒓𝟒𝟒
𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒
𝒙𝒙� = 𝒚𝒚
�=
𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑

o Mass Moment of Inertia

For cylinder of radius, 𝒓𝒓
𝟏𝟏
𝑰𝑰𝒎𝒎 = 𝒎𝒎𝒓𝒓𝟐𝟐
𝟐𝟐
For solid sphere of radius, 𝒓𝒓
𝟐𝟐
𝑰𝑰𝒎𝒎 = 𝒎𝒎𝒓𝒓𝟐𝟐
𝟓𝟓

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ENGR. BASIL ALOYSIUS P. BAUTISTA
ME Special Topics – Statics of Rigid Bodies

Problem Set. Statics of Rigid Bodies

1. A force vector is defined as F = 100i + 200j + 300k, Newtons. Determine its magnitude
in Newtons.
a. 514.3
b. 616.4
c. 374.2
d. 586.2
2. A force P of 50 kN has a line of action that passes through points A(2,3,4) and B(5,7,9).
What is the x-component of the force?
a. 21.2 kN
b. 41.4 kN
c. 31.2 kN
d. 15.4 kN
3. Assume that three force vectors intersect at a point,
F1 = i + 3j + 4k
F2 = 2i + 7j – k
F3 = -i + 4j + 2k
What is the magnitude of the resultant force vector R?
a. 25
b. 30
c. 15
d. 20
4. Determine the angle between the following forces:
F1 = 200i – 300k
F2 = 400i + 300j -100k
a. 56.15o
b. 48.35o
c. 35.62o
d. 53.25o
5. Determine the cross product of the following vectors in Newtons:
r = 2i + 4j + 8k

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ENGR. BASIL ALOYSIUS P. BAUTISTA
ME Special Topics – Statics of Rigid Bodies

F = 10i +30j – 60k

a. 20j – 50k
b. -50i – 250j -90k
c. 50i + 250j – 90k
d. 200j + 100k
6. A force F = 10i + 30j - 60k, N passes through point A (2, -4, 8), m. Determine the
magnitude of the moment of this force about the origin.
a. 425.6 kN-m
b. 223.6 kN-m
c. 156.25 N-m
d. 346.4 N-m
7. A force of 100 kN is applied 30o with horizontal. What is the effective vertical pull of
this force?
a. 76.6 kN
b. 50.0 kN
c. 56.6 kN
d. 86.6 kN
8. Two forces, 60o apart act at a point on an object. One for has a magnitude of 20 kN
and the other 40 kN. Determine the magnitude of resultant.
a. 56.24 kN
b. 51.25 kN
c. 52.92 kN
d. 54.83 kN
9. Two forces, 60o apart act at a point on an object. One for has a magnitude of 20 kN
and the other 40 kN. Determine the angle of inclination of the resultant force form the
20 kN force.
a. 30.25o
b. 40.89o
c. 23.36o
d. 42.28o

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ENGR. BASIL ALOYSIUS P. BAUTISTA
ME Special Topics – Statics of Rigid Bodies

10. Three forces meet at point O. One has a magnitude of 4 kN and is directed to the
north. The other 10 kN force is directed to the east. The third 14 kN force is directed S
30o W. Determine the magnitude of their resultant force.
a. 8.66 kN
b. 4.33 kN
c. 28.04 kN
d. 12.23 kN
11. The force of 500 N acting as shown in the figure. What angle does the 500 N force
make with the horizontal.

500 𝑁𝑁

4
3
𝜃𝜃

a. 36.87
b. 59.25
c. 53.13
d. 68.12
12. The resultant of the forces P and 260 N acting as shown in the figure. What value
of angle, 𝛼𝛼?
𝑃𝑃

𝛼𝛼

5
12 260 𝑁𝑁

a. 83.16
b. 56.13
c. 25.36
d. 45.00

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ENGR. BASIL ALOYSIUS P. BAUTISTA
ME Special Topics – Statics of Rigid Bodies

13. The resultant of the forces P and 260 N acting as shown in the figure. What is
the magnitude of P?
𝑃𝑃

𝛼𝛼

5
12 260 𝑁𝑁

a. 503.8 kN
b. 305.2 kN
c. 456.4 kN
d. 208.5 kN
14. The concentrated load shown in the figure acts at point A. If the concentrated
load acting at A is replaced by an equivalent force couple system acting at point B,
which of the following most nearly gives the magnitude of the equivalent couple, kN-
m?
𝐴𝐴

80 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

40 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝐵𝐵
80 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
40 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

𝐶𝐶

a. 12
b. 16
c. 18
d. 22
15. The concentrated load shown in the figure acts at point A. If the concentrated
load acting at A is replaced by two horizontal forces, one acting at point Band the other
and the other acting at point C, which of the following most nearly gives the magnitude
of force at B?

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ENGR. BASIL ALOYSIUS P. BAUTISTA
ME Special Topics – Statics of Rigid Bodies

𝐴𝐴

80 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

40 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝐵𝐵
80 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
40 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

𝐶𝐶
a. 400
b. 600
c. 500
d. 300
16. The concentrated load shown in the figure acts at point A. If the concentrated
load acting at A is replaced by two horizontal forces, one acting at point Band the other
and the other acting at point C, which of the following most nearly gives the magnitude
of force at C?
𝐴𝐴

80 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

40 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝐵𝐵
80 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
40 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

𝐶𝐶

a. 400
b. 500
c. 600
d. 300
17. A string is stretched between two fixed poles, 50 ft apart. A load of 300 lb is
attached at the midpoint causing the string to sag by 3 ft. Determine the tension on
the rope in lb.
a. 515.2 lb
b. 509.9 lb

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ENGR. BASIL ALOYSIUS P. BAUTISTA
ME Special Topics – Statics of Rigid Bodies

c. 1259 lb
d. 485.3 lb
18. A 20 kg weight supported by a rope from a ceiling. If a 11.6 kg force directly
upward at 30o with the horizontal is applied to the weight, the rope will make an angle
with the vertical equal to:
a. 25.3o
b. 35.28o
c. 45.3o
d. 53.28o
19. A cylindrical tank having a diameter of 16 cm weighing 50 kN is resting on a
horizontal floor. A block having a height of 4 cm is placed on the side of cylinder tank
to prevent it from rolling. What horizontal force must be applied at the top of the
cylindrical tank so that it will start to roll over the block. Assume block will not slide
and its firmly attached to the horizontal floor.
a. 75.5 kN
b. 28.87 kN
c. 57.74 kN
d. 46.3 kN
20. Determine the reaction Rb on the beam loaded as shown.
𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
25
𝑚𝑚
20 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
10
𝑚𝑚

4 𝑚𝑚 1 𝑚𝑚

𝑅𝑅𝑎𝑎 𝑅𝑅𝑏𝑏
a. 65.0 kN
b. 60.0 kN
c. 50.9 kN
d. 87.7 kN

15
ENGR. BASIL ALOYSIUS P. BAUTISTA
ME Special Topics – Statics of Rigid Bodies

21. A 45 cm x 45 cm square plate ABCD of uniform thickness is supported by three

vertical strings. The first strings is located at B, the second is located 15 cm from A
long side AD, and the third is at the point midway of side CD. What percent load is
carried by the third support?
a. 40%
b. 60%
c. 20%
d. 30%
22. A block of wood is resting on a level surface. If the coefficient of friction between
the block and the surface is 0.30, how much can the plane be inclined without causing
the block to slide down?
a. 16.7o
b. 30.2o
c. 21.2o
d. 33.3o
23. A 100 kg block is resisting on a 30o inclined plane with a f = 0.30. Find the
required force P, acting horizontally that will start the block up the plane.
a. 4236 N
b. 1041 N
c. 5205 N
d. 231.9 N
24. A 100 kg block is resisting on a 30o inclined plane with a f = 0.30. Find the
required force P, acting horizontally that will prevent the block from sliding.
a. 4236 N
b. 1041 N
c. 5205 N
d. 232 N
25. A 5 kg force rest on a horizontal table top and is attached with a horizontal string
to the second string as shown. What is the maximum value of mass m if the first block
is remain stationary? Use coefficient of friction of 0.50.

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ENGR. BASIL ALOYSIUS P. BAUTISTA
ME Special Topics – Statics of Rigid Bodies

30𝑜𝑜
5 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘

a. 2.89 kg 𝑚𝑚

b. 1.77 kg
c. 1.44 kg
d. 1.88 kg
26. A 400 N load, hanging vertically is attached to one end of a rope. The rope is
wrapped to one end of a rope. The rope is wrapped around a fixed circular post 1.35
times. Consider a coefficient of friction of 0.3. What effort in Newtons is needed just to
prevent the load from falling?
a. 46.35
b. 31.40
c. 39.25
d. 8540
27. A 400 N load, hanging vertically is attached to one end of a rope. The rope is
wrapped to one end of a rope. The rope is wrapped around a fixed circular post 1.35
times. Consider a coefficient of friction of 0.3. Determine the effort needed just to start
raising the load?
a. 6370 N
b. 5096 N
c. 4567 N
d. 8540 N
28. Four turns of rope around a horizontal post will hold a 1000-lb weight with a
pull of 10-lb. Find the coefficient of friction between the post and the rope.
a. 0.238
b. 0.124
c. 0.183
d. 0.325

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ENGR. BASIL ALOYSIUS P. BAUTISTA
ME Special Topics – Statics of Rigid Bodies

29. A railway car weighing 80 tons is supported by wheels that are 800 mm in
diameter. A force of 980 N parallel to the rails keeps the car rolling on a straight track.
Determine the coefficient of rolling resistance for steel wheels on steel rain in mm.
a. 0.5 mm
b. 0.25 mm
c. 0.9 mm
d. 0.75 mm
30. Determine the x-coordinate of the shaded section given in the figure,
𝑦𝑦

1 2 1 1 2 1

2
𝑥𝑥
4 0 4

a. -1.16
b. -0.21
c. 0.18
d. 0.82
31. Determine the x-coordinate of the shaded section given in the figure,
𝑦𝑦

1 2 1 1 2 1

2
𝑥𝑥
4 0 4
a. -1.16
b. -0.21
c. 0.18
d. 0.82

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ENGR. BASIL ALOYSIUS P. BAUTISTA
ME Special Topics – Statics of Rigid Bodies

32. Determine the y-coordinate of the shaded section given in the figure,

𝑦𝑦

1 2 1 1 2 1

2
𝑥𝑥
4 0 4

a. 1.751
b. 1.876
c. 1.572
d. 1.854
33. What is the moment of inertia of a circle of radius 5 m with respect to its center?
a. 2454 m4
b. 2054 m4
c. 1473 m4
d. 491 m4
34. What is the moment of inertia of a circle of radius 5 m with respect to its tangent?
a. 2454 m4
b. 2054 m4
c. 1473 m4
d. 491 m4
35. A trapezoid has two equal slanting sides a 6 cm base, and a 3 cm top parallel to
and 4 cm above the base. Determine the moment of inertia of the trapezoid area relative
to top side in cm4.
a. 275.80
b. 112.0
c. 218.75
d. 345.22

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ENGR. BASIL ALOYSIUS P. BAUTISTA