LANDING GEAR

GENERAL
The aircraft has retractable tricycle Landing Gear with Nose Wheel Steering (NWS). The Landing
Gear system is electrically controlled, hydraulically actuated and mechanically locked. There are
two Alternate Gear Extension Systems. The system consists of:

 Main Landing Gear

 Nose Landing Gear
 Nose Wheel Steering
 Weight On Wheels (WOW) Sensors
 Landing Gear Electronic Unit (LGEU)

AIR - GROUND POSITIONING SYSTEM

This System consists of five Proximity Switches that detect when a Landing Gear strut is
compressed.

Two “weight on wheels” (WOW) Proximity Switches are installed on each Main Landing Gear to
provide four independent inputs to the Landing Gear Electronic Unit (LGEU). Air/Ground logic
processing compares proximity switch sensing and signal validity to determine whether to send a
“AIR” or “GROUND” signal.

The Nose Landing Gear WOW Signal is used by Thrust Reverser and Nose Wheel Steering logic.
Gear position is indicated on the EICAS and RMU engine backup page 2.

LANDING GEAR
Landing Gear Retraction and Extension are powered by Hydraulic System 1. The LGEU
processes Air/Ground Position (WOW) signals, Gear Lever signals, and gear position signals.
The LGEU then gives retraction or extension commands as necessary.

Each Main Landing Gear strut is mechanically linked to its door, which remains OPEN when the
Gear is DOWN. Nose Landing Gear doors are hydraulically actuated and operate in sequence
with the nose gear. Nose gear doors are always held open or closed by hydraulic pressure.

Hydraulic System 1 Accumulator prevents pressure fluctuations and assists in gear retraction
after takeoff.

RETRACTION OPERATIONS:
When the Landing Gear Lever is selected UP, the LGEU is signaled to command the following:

 Hydraulic pressure is applied

 Downlocks OPEN
 Nose Gear retracts FORWARD
 Main Landing Gear retracts INBOARD
 Uplocks CLOSE
 Nose Gear Doors CLOSE
 Gear Position Proximity Switches Activate
 LGEU receives UP AND LOCKED signal
 Hydraulic pressure is relieved

A Solenoid inside the Landing Gear Lever prevents retraction when the Air/Ground System
senses the aircraft is on the ground. The LGEU provides a signal to LOCK the lever and prevent
its movement. A Lock Release Button is used to override this protection in the event of
Air/Ground System (WOW) failure.
GEAR RETRACTION BRAKING
The LGEU commands the Brake System to apply pressure to the main wheels when the aircraft
is airborne and the gear is commanded to RETRACT. The nose wheels are mechanically
stopped by a skid in the nose wheel well.

NORMAL EXTENSION:
When the Landing Gear Lever is selected DOWN, the LGEU commands the following sequence:

 Hydraulic pressure is applied

 Nose Gear Doors OPEN
 Uplocks OPEN
 Nose Gear EXTENDS
 Main Gear EXTENDS
 Downlocks CLOSE
 Gear Position Proximity Switches Activate
 LGEU receives a DOWN AND LOCKED signal
 Hydraulic pressure is relieved

Nose Gear door opening is faster than Nose Gear extension, it is not sequenced.

ELECTRICAL OVERRIDE GEAR EXTENSION

If the Normal Extension System (LGEU) fails, the Alternate Electrical Override System should
function. This system electrically bypasses the LGEU and commands the Nose Gear Door
Solenoid Valve and the Landing Gear Valve directly. The Electrical Override Switch is
safeguarded and located in the Free-Fall Lever Compartment inboard of the First Officer’s seat.
When the Free Fall Lever Compartment door is CLOSED the Electrical Override Switch is
mechanically forced by the door into the NORMAL position.

Electrical Override Switch in the NORMAL position:

 System is de-activated

Electrical Override Switch in the DOORS position:

 Nose Gear Door Solenoid Valve is commanded to OPEN

Electrical Override Switch in the GEAR/DOORS position

 Landing Gear Valve is commanded to OPEN

FREE FALL EXTENSION

If the Normal Extension and Electrical Override Systems fail, the Free Fall system should be
used. The Free Fall Lever Compartment is located inboard of the First Officer’s seat. When the
Free Fall Lever is pulled up it mechanically actuates the Free Fall Selector Valve. This valve
removes Hydraulic System 1 pressure from the Nose and Main Landing Gear return lines. The
Free Fall Selector Valve also mechanically unlocks the 3 Landing Gear Uplocks.

With the hydraulic pressure removed and the Uplocks OPEN, the gear can gravity drop into
position. When the gear fall into position, the Downlocks should CLOSE, but may not. In this
event, the aircraft can be slipped to apply aerodynamic forces onto the gear in an effort to lock
them. After a free fall extension, the Free-Fall Lever should be kept in the locked vertical
position. However, if it becomes necessary to return it to its normal position, the Safety Button on
top of the Lever must first be PRESSED to lower it.
LG / LEVER DISAGREE
After 20 seconds of gear command, at least one landing gear is not in the selected position.

LG AIR / GND FAIL

LGEU failure or failure of two proximity switches

NLGUP / DOOR OPN

Nose LG is locked up and nose LG door is open.

GPWS - “TOO LOW GEAR”

Radio altimeter indicates less than 500 ft with Gear Not Down and Locked

Warning System – “LANDING GEAR”

When:
Landing Gear NOT down and locked
Radio Altitude Less than 1200 FT
Thrust Levers retarded

And:

Flaps Less Than 22 degrees

The aural warning may be canceled with the LG WARNING CUTOUT button

Flaps 22 degrees
The aural warning may NOT be canceled with the LG WARNING CUTOUT button

When:
Landing Gear NOT down and locked
Any Radio Altitude
Any Thrust Lever Setting

And:

Flaps 45 degrees
The aural warning may NOT be canceled with the LG WARNING CUTOUT button