RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Cities of Mandaluyong and Pasig

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS WITH SOFTWARE APPLICATIONS

MODULE NO. 1 A
Title : Organization of Data

1. Steps in Constructing Stem and Leaf

2. Frequency Distribution
Overview

Once Data Have Been Gathered, they must be summarized and presented in a
compact form which will facilitate the identification of their important features,. Considerable
Information can be obtained from large masses of data when they are presented by means
of appropriate tables and graphs.

Study Guide

All students will be required to complete all activities/exercise to practice,

assessment and comprehensive exam that assesses the learning of all course
objectives. This must be weighted in a manner so that all of these requirements
worth a minimum of

 Quizzes 20%
 Class activities/exercises 20%
 Assignment and Project 15%
 Attendance/Deportment 10%
 Major Examination 35%

General Course Requirements:

Construction of Stem and Leaf

Even we are on online classes, you have to :

1. Please keep all your work (assignments, quizzes etc.) for Portfolio
requirements at the end of the semester.
2. Make sure to put your First Name, Last Name Class Section, Time
Schedule, Day Schedule and Date on all activities and assignments.
3. Make sure if we have face to face during online classes your camera in
ON.

2
COURSE TITLE (Statistical Analysis with Software Applications) Y. P. Evangelista
 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Cities of Mandaluyong and Pasig

Learning Outcomes

At the end of this module the students will be able to :

1. Know how to Construct Stem and Leaf
2. Know the purpose of Stem and Leaf
3. Know what Frequency Distribution is
4. Know how to Construct Frequency Distribution
5. Know how to determine the appropriate number of class interval

Topic Presentation

How to Construct Stem and Leaf

1. Draw a vertical line.
2. Write the word Stem on the left side of the vertical line.
3. Write the word Leaf on the right side of the vertical line.
4. Draw a horizontal line at the initial or beginning point of the drawn vertical line.
5. Calibrate or divide the vertical line into number of units.
6. If the given data consist of a two digit, the tens digit should be written
on the stem side and the ones digit on the leaf side.

Tens digit
Ones digit
Example : 92
12
Stem Leaf
9 2

7
⦁
⦁
⦁

1 2
0

2
COURSE TITLE (Statistical Analysis with Software Applications) Y. P. Evangelista
 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Cities of Mandaluyong and Pasig

7. If the given data is a three digit number the ones digit should be written on
the leaf side and the tens and hundreds place should be written on the stem
side.
8. Then tally and convert the tally into Hindu Arabic numerals.

Hundreds digit
Tens digit
Ones digit
Example : 1 9 3
12 3
102

Stem Leaf
19 3

⦁
⦁
⦁
12 3
⦁
10
⦁ 3
⦁
0 ⦁

EXAMPLE OF RAW DATA : 15 FAMILY MOTHLY INCOME (In Thousand of

Pesos)
BARANGAY ABC , Cainta, Rizal
FOR THE YEAR 2019-2020

25 60 40
35 72 30
45 74 20
75 71 18
25 60 8

2
COURSE TITLE (Statistical Analysis with Software Applications) Y. P. Evangelista
 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Cities of Mandaluyong and Pasig

Stem Leaf TALLY = NUMBER

7 1, 4, 2, 5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - IIII 4
6 0, 0- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - II 2
5 -------------------------- - 0
4 0,5----------------------- II 2
3 0, 5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - II 2
2 0, 5, 5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - III 3
1 8------------------------- I 1
0 8------------------------- I 1
(Total) 𝒏=15

ORGANIZATION OF DATA

Frequency Distribution – is the tabular presentation of data.

Class Interval – is the representation of a class. It consists of class limits and a
hyphen.
Illustrative Example of Class Interval 15 -19 read as 15 to 19
Hyphen (-) represents the word to
15 is the lower class limit (LCI)
19 is the upper class limit (UCl)
Class size (C.S.) of these 3 class intervals
25 – 29

20 −24

15 −19
20 - lower class limit (LCL) of the next higher class interval (HCI)
24 – upper class limit (UCL) of the succeeding higher class interval (HCI)
20 minus 15 = 5 class size or
24 minus 19 = 5 class size
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COURSE TITLE (Statistical Analysis with Software Applications) Y. P. Evangelista
 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Cities of Mandaluyong and Pasig

Steps in the Construction of Frequency Distribution

1. Determine your Highest Observed Value HOV
2. Determine your Lowest Observed Value LOV using your constructed
Stem and Leaf
3. Find the Range (R) using the Formula
R = HOV – LOV
4. Determine the appropriate number of class intervals represented by K using
the Sturge’s Formula K = 1.00 +3.3 (log 𝒏) where 𝒏 – total observed
values or number of data.
4A. To determine the value of log 𝒏 Press the value of 𝒏 then press the log
using your scientific calculator depending on your kind of scientific
calculator other press log then press the value of 𝒏.
4B. Multiply the value of log 𝒏by 3.3 you get a product.
4C. Add the product to 1.00
4D. The sum should be rounded off to a whole number.
5. To get the class size divide the Range by K

6. Add this C.S. to the LOV (Lowest Observed Value) or any desired lower than
LOV to get the lower class limit of the succeeding class interval .
Example if Class Size = 5 and Lowest Observed Value is 10
30
15
10 – 14
7. To get the Upper Class limit of the lowest class interval (LCI) Subtract 1 from
the (LCL) of the succeeding class interval so 15 – 1 = 14

20 FAMILY MOTHLY INCOME (In Thousand of Pesos)

Sitio Cababan , Barangay San Juan, Cainta, Rizal
For the Year 2019 – 2020

75 65 58 20
25 75 55 17

2
COURSE TITLE (Statistical Analysis with Software Applications) Y. P. Evangelista
 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Cities of Mandaluyong and Pasig

30 74 40 19
45 62 30 12
22 30 32 8

Stem Leaf TALLY = NUMBER

7 5, 5, 4, - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - III 3
6 5, 2- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - II 2
5 8, 5- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ll 2
4 5,0----------------------- II 2
3 0, 0, 0, 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - IIll 4
2 5, 2, 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - III 3
1 7, 9, 2- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ill 3
0 8------------------------- I 1
(TOTA)L 𝒏 = 20

20 FAMILY MOTHLY INCOME (In Thousand of Pesos)

Sitio Cababan , Barangay San Juan, Cainta, Rizal
For the Year 2019 – 2020

FAMILY MONTHLY NUMBER OF

TALLY
INCOME FAMILIES (f)
73 - 75 II 2
60 - 72 III 3
47 - 59 I 2
34 - 46 l 2
21 -33 llll - l 6
8 - 20 llll 5
𝒏=20

The above is an example of Frequency Distribution

It consists of class intervals and Frequencies (𝒇) represented by small letter 𝒇
Do not capitalize the 𝒇

2
COURSE TITLE (Statistical Analysis with Software Applications) Y. P. Evangelista