October half term

Physics revision
100 minutes

Remember, for revision to be effective, it should be repeated regularly.

I suggest that you split this booklet up and complete a little each day. Combine it with BBC bitesize and
Seneca learning to ensure you are covering the material before answering the exam-style Questions.

This is the ultimate totally irrelevant prep!

Topic Completed in Time spent Notes

class revising
1. Electricity Year 10
2. Waves Year 11
3. Energy Year 10
4. Solids, Liquids & Gases Year 10
5. Radioactivity Year 10
6. Astrophysics Year 10

1. Electricity
Q1.
 
(a)  The table shows the names and circuit symbols of some electrical components.
Complete the table by giving the missing information.
(4)

(b)  A student wants to find the resistance of a fixed resistor.

She measures a current of 0.50 A in the resistor when the voltage across it is 8.0 V.
(i)  State the equation linking voltage, current and resistance.
(1)

(ii)  Calculate the resistance of the resistor.

(2)

resistance = ........................................................... Ω

(c)  The student replaces the fixed resistor with a light dependent resistor (LDR) and measures its
resistance at different light intensities.
Sketch a graph of the expected results.
(3)

 
(Total for question = 10 marks)
 

Q2.
 
The diagram shows part of a lighting circuit in a house.

The circuit is protected by fuse F.

(a)  Give two reasons why the lamps are wired in parallel.

(2)
1 ..........................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

2 ..........................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................
(b)  What is the current at P?
(1)
   A    0.17 A

   B    0.26 A

   C    0.43 A

   D    1.38 A

(c)  Explain how the fuse protects the circuit.

(3)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

(d)  (i)  State the equation linking power, current and voltage.

(1)

(ii)  Calculate the power of lamp L.

[assume the mains voltage is 230 V]
(2)

power = .............................................. W

(iii)  Calculate the amount of energy transferred by lamp L in 3 minutes.

Give the unit.
(3)

energy transferred = ...................... unit ......................

(e)  This diagram shows another lighting circuit.

(i)  Complete the table by putting a tick ( ) in the box if the lamp is lit and a cross ( ) in the box if the
lamp is not lit.
(2)

(ii)  Suggest where this circuit would be useful in a house.

(1)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

 
(Total for question = 15 marks)
 

2. Waves
Q3.
 
The Sun emits visible light, infrared and ultraviolet that travel through space and reach the surface of the
Earth.

(a)  State two similarities between visible light, infrared and ultraviolet.

(2)
1 ..........................................................................................................................................

2 ..........................................................................................................................................

(b)  Too much exposure to infrared and ultraviolet can cause damage to the human body.
State the damage that each can cause.
(2)
infrared ...............................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

ultraviolet ............................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

(c)  Seven colours can be seen in the visible light spectrum.

Which colour has the longest wavelength?
(1)
.............................................................................................................................................

 
(Total for question = 5 marks)
 

Q4.
 
(a)  A student makes some statements about how light from an object forms an image in a plane mirror.
Only two of these statements are correct.
Tick two boxes in the table to show the correct statements.
(2)

(b)  The diagram shows a ray of light travelling from air to glass.

 Measure the angle of incidence (i)  and the angle of refraction (r) for this ray.
(2)

angle of incidence (i) = ...........................................................

angle of refraction (r) = ...........................................................

(c)  (i)  State the equation linking refractive index, angle of incidence and angle of refraction.
(1)

(ii)  Describe an experiment to determine the refractive index of a glass block.

In your answer, you should refer to

 the apparatus that should be used

 the measurements that should be taken
 the method of analysing the data 
You may add a diagram to help your answer.
(6)

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

 (Total for question = 11 marks)

 3. Energy
Q5.
 
A flying squirrel is an animal that can glide through the air.

It spreads out its limbs to stretch a membrane that helps it to glide.

(a)  The mass of a flying squirrel is 0.19 kg.

It climbs 17 m up a tree.
(i)  State the equation linking gravitational potential energy (GPE), mass, g and height.
(1)

(ii)  Calculate the GPE gained by the squirrel during this climb.

(2)

GPE = .............................................. J

(iii)  State the amount of work done against the force of gravity by the squirrel during this climb.
(1)

work done = ............................................ J

(b)  The flying squirrel glides from P to Q with a constant velocity of 13 m/s.

(i)  Add labelled arrows to the diagram to show the directions of the forces of weight and drag acting
on the squirrel.
(2)
(ii)  State the equation linking kinetic energy (KE), mass and velocity.
(1)

(iii)  Calculate the KE of the squirrel as it glides.

(2)

KE = .............................................. J

(iv)  The velocity of the squirrel decreases to zero when it reaches the second tree because
(1)
   A    an unbalanced force acts on the squirrel

   B    no force acts on the squirrel

   C    the GPE of the squirrel increases

   D    the KE of the squirrel increases

 
(Total for question = 10 marks)
 
Q6.

A coal-fired power station and a wind turbine both produce electrical power.

The power station produces 1200 MW and the wind turbine produces 1.5 MW.

(a) Give one advantage of using wind turbines instead of a coal-fired power station to
produce electricity.
(1)

      ..............................................................................................................................................

      ..............................................................................................................................................

(b) Coal-fired power stations are still in general use.

Explain why wind turbines have not replaced them.

(4)

      ..............................................................................................................................................

      ..............................................................................................................................................

      ..............................................................................................................................................

      ..............................................................................................................................................

      ..............................................................................................................................................

      ..............................................................................................................................................

      ..............................................................................................................................................

      ..............................................................................................................................................

      ..............................................................................................................................................

(Total for question = 5 marks)

 4. Solids, liquids and Gases
Q7.
 
A teacher uses this apparatus to demonstrate atmospheric pressure.

The teacher puts a small amount of water into a metal can and heats it until the water boils.

(a)  Describe what happens to the water particles inside the can when the water is heated.
(2)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

(b)  Water in the can boils to form steam.

Describe how the arrangement of particles in the water differs from the arrangement of particles in the
steam.
You may draw diagrams to help your answer.
(2)

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................
(c)  The teacher quickly inverts the can containing boiling water into a bowl of cold water, as shown in the
diagram.

When the can is inverted in the cold water, the can collapses.
Use ideas about particles and pressure to explain why the can collapses.
(3)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................
(Total for question = 7 marks)
 
Q8. A student wants to calculate the pressure he exerts on the floor when he stands on one foot.
He records these measurements.

(a)  (i)  Complete the table by adding the unit for weight.
(1)
(ii)  Which piece of equipment should the student use to measure his weight?
(1)
.............................................................................................................................................

(b)  Suggest how the student measured the area of the floor in contact with his foot.
(3)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................
(c)  (i)  State the equation linking pressure, force and area.
(1)

(ii)  Calculate the pressure that the student's foot exerts on the floor.
(2)

pressure = ........................................................... N/cm2

 
(Total for question = 8 marks)

Q9.
 
This question is about pressure.

(a)  Explain why it is easier to cut vegetables with a sharp knife than with one that is not sharp.
(3)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

(b)  Balloons are often filled with helium so that they float in air.
A small canister of pressurised helium is used to fill some balloons.
(i)  Using ideas about particles, explain why the pressure in the canister decreases as the helium is
used to fill the balloons.
(3)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................
 (ii)  The canister supplies 18 000 cm3 of helium at a pressure of 2300 kPa.
The volume of each balloon is 8200 cm3.
The pressure exerted by the helium in each balloon is 100 kPa.
Calculate how many balloons can be filled using the helium from the canister.
[assume temperature of the helium remains constant]
(3)

number of balloons = ...........................................................

 
(Total for question = 9 marks)
 
 5. Radioactivity
Q10.
 
Unstable nuclei can emit particles.

(a)  Which of these particles has the largest charge?

(1)
   A    alpha particle
   B    beta particle
   C    neutron
   D    proton

(b)  Which of these particles has the largest mass?

(1)
   A    alpha particle
   B    beta particle
   C    neutron
   D    proton

(c)  The maximum range of a beta particle in air is about

(1)
   A    50 mm
   B    50 cm
   C    50 m
   D    50 km

(d)  When a nucleus emits a beta particle

(1)
   A    the nucleon number decreases by 1
   B    the nucleon number increases by 1
   C    the proton number decreases by 1
   D    the proton number increases by 1

 
(Total for question = 4 marks)
 
Q11.

Radon is a gas produced by some types of rocks.

(a) Radon is a natural source of radioactivity.
What is the name for this radioactivity?
(1)
   A    background radiation

   B    chain reaction

   C    radioactive dating

   D    radiotherapy

(b) There are two sources of alpha radiation in some houses:

    radon gas in the air

    solid americium in a smoke alarm
The alpha particles from radon are a greater risk to health than the alpha particles
from americium.

Explain why.
(2)
      ..............................................................................................................................................
      ..............................................................................................................................................
      ..............................................................................................................................................
      ..............................................................................................................................................
      ..............................................................................................................................................

(c) Radon-222 and radon-220 are both isotopes of radon.

(i) A nucleus of radon-222 has 86 protons.
How many protons are there in a nucleus of radon-220?
(1)
   A    86

   B    less than 86

   C    more than 86

   D    none

(ii) A nucleus of radon-222 has 136 neutrons.

How many neutrons are there in a nucleus of radon-220 ?
(1)
   A    86

   B    134

   C    136

   D    220
 (d) The graph shows how the activity of a sample of radon-220 changes with time.

(i) Complete the graph by adding the missing unit for activity.
(1)
(ii) Explain what is meant by the term half-life.
(2)
      ..............................................................................................................................................
      ..............................................................................................................................................
      ..............................................................................................................................................

(iii) Use the graph to find a value for the half-life of radon-220.
(2)

Half-life = ........................................................... s

(Total for question = 10 marks)

 6. Astrophysics
Q12.
 
The International Space Station (ISS) is a satellite that orbits the Earth at a height of 409 km above the
surface of the Earth.

The ISS has an orbital speed of 7.66 km/s and a period of 92.7 minutes.

(a)  (i)  Calculate the orbital radius of the ISS.

Give your answer to 3 significant figures.
(4)

orbital radius = ........................................................... km

(ii)  Calculate the radius of the Earth using your value for the orbital radius.
(1)

Earth radius = ........................................................... km

 
(Total for question = 5 marks)
 
Q13.
 
Main sequence stars can vary in brightness, colour and mass.

Describe the evolution of both low mass stars and high mass stars after they join the main sequence.
(6)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

 
(Total for question = 6 marks)
Mark Scheme
Q1.
 

Q2.
 
 
Total 15 marks
 

Q3.
 

 
(Total for question = 5 marks)
 

Q4.
 
 

Q5.
 
 
Total 10 marks
 

Q6.

Q7.
 
 
Q8.

Q9.
 

Q10.
 
 
(Total for question = 4 marks)
 

Q11.

 
Q12.
 

 
(Total for question = 5 marks)
 

Q13.
 

 
(Total for question = 6 marks)