DNA/RNA/Mitosis/Meiosis and Genetics Review

1. Draw and label a molecule of DNA. Include: bases, adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine,
hydrogen bonds, phosphate, sugar, nucleotide, sugar-phosphate backbone, and draw
the location of the phosphate correctly (hint: the compliments are in opposite directions).
2. Compare and contrast DNA and RNA. At least 3 of each
3. List the steps of DNA replication, transcription, and translation(Protein Synthesis).
a. What nucleic acids are involved in each? Where are each located and the
structures involved.
4. Describe the purpose of the following enzymes: helicase, DNA polymerase, RNA
polymerase, and ligase.
5. Be able to determine amino acid sequence from given codons.
6. Explain the different types of mutations how it affects the cells and include in explanation
the types of cells (body and germ): gene (point and frameshift) chromosomal (insertion,
inversion, deletion, extra or missing)
7. Draw and explain each step of mitosis. For the test, be able to identify, draw, explain, or
put in order the steps of mitosis as well as determining the number of chromosomes.
8. Draw and explain each step of meiosis. For the test, be able to identify, draw, explain, or
put in order the steps of mitosis, and know when each process happens as well as
determining the number of chromosomes.
9. Compare and contrast mitosis and meosis.
10. What is the difference between haploid and diploid?
11. How many cells do you start with in Mitosis? Meiosis? Are they haploid or diploid?
12. How many cells do you end with in Mitosis? Meiosis? Are they haploid or diploid?
13. Describe the different forms of DNA and know what form is in each stage of mitosis and
meiosis.

14. Who is Mendel? What are his three principles of genetics?

15. KNOW VOCABULARY!!!!!!
16. Be able to do punnet squares for a monohybrid cross and be able to set up and solve a
dihybrid cross. Be able to determine the parental gametes. Be able to do a trihybrid
17. Solve problems with complete dominance, incomplete dominance, sex- linked traits,
blood, codominance
18. What are sex-linked traits? Explain a carrier. Give an example
19. Describe multiple alleles and how it affects inheritance.
20. Describe the ABO blood system and discuss why it is important and how problems can
occur.
21. Explain the P, F1 and F2 generations.
22. Explain the external causes of mutations. Explain what a mutagen is.
23. Explain gene and chromosomal mutations. Explain point and frameshift.
24. Practice doing genetic word problems! You will be given the parents phenotype and you
will have to determine the children phenotypes and genotypes. Or you could be given
the children and have to determine the parents.