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BÉLA BARTÓK

AND BALKAN Brendan O'Neal

FOLK MUSIC
FOLK MUSIC?
Modern?
Modern? Traditional
-Music of a specific culture

-Older than composers

OR -Music of a people; not Bob


Dylan
- Late romantic/Early modernist
Hungarian composer

- Mostly focused on ethnomusicology


and the study of folk musics of
Hungary, Bulgaria and Romania

- Great national pride for his research


efforts throughout the Balkans,
especially Bulgaria

BÉLA BARTÓK
"ROMANIAN FOLK DANCES"

• Field Recordings:
• https://youtu.be/MhCoDIiWtzw
• Orchestral Recording:
• https://youtu.be/dupNaW-jTa0
• What do you recognize?
THE "SO-CALLED BULGARIAN RHYTHM"
(ADDITIVE METER)
• Essay by Bartók on the additive meter present in many Balkan folk musics
• This additive meter popularly attributed to Bulgaria by scholars after Bartók, though present
throughout the Balkans and probably originally from Turkey
• The most recognizable musical attribute from folk musics in Bartók's compositions
EXAMPLES
• String Quartet No.3
• https://youtu.be/FXFR2n8kUhM?t=303
• Mikrokosmos No. 113
• https://youtu.be/OkUZB3JJOoE
NATIONALISM

• To create a national identity through the arts:


• Language, architecture, plays, music, etc.
• "The music of the people is like a rare and lovely flower growing amidst encroaching weeds.
Thousands pass it, while others trample it under foot, and thus the chances are that it will
perish before it is seen by the one discriminating spirit who will prize it above all else." -Antonín
Dvořák
• Should forms of expression of native peoples be transformed and popularized for the masses?
BARTÓK'S INFLUENCE

• Averse to teaching composition, most influence was in he and Zoltán Kodály's recordings
• Grew significantly after his death at the end of WWII
• Compositions used as national socialist resistance to the landscape of European fascism and
American capitalism, in the favor of local communist authorities by the 1950s
• Recordings were a foundation for Academy of Science's complete collection of Hungarian folk
musics
• Most influence of recordings is simply found in his own compositions
• "Je prends mon bien où je le trouve" ("I pounce on what is mine wherever I find it") - Molière
REFERENCES

• https://www.jstor.org/stable/43858001
• https://doi-org.proxy-tu.researchport.umd.edu/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.40686
• https://doc-research.org/2018/03/rise-fall-market-socialism-yugoslavia/
• https://leadingtone.tumblr.com/post/9040424368/additive-rhythm-can-refer-to-two-distinct
• https://www.npr.org/2009/05/06/103733863/bartok-from-the-fields-to-the-concert-hall

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