Physics

Paper No. : Solid State Physics

Module : Van Vleck and Pauli Paramagnetism

Development Team
Prof. Vinay Gupta, Department of Physics and Astrophysics,
Principal Investigator University of Delhi, Delhi

Dr. Aranya B. Bhattacherjee, School of Physical Sciences,

Paper Coordinator
Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi

Content Writer Dr. Aranya B. Bhattacherjee, School of Physical Sciences,

Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi

Prof. Poonam Silotia, Department of Physics and Astophysics,

Content Reviewer
University of Delhi, Delhi

SOLID STATE PHYSICS

Physics
Van Vleck and Pauli Paramagnetism
 Description of Module
Subject Name Physics
Paper Name SOLID STATE PHYSICS
Module Name/Title Van Vleck and Pauli Paramagnetism

Module Id M15

SOLID STATE PHYSICS

Physics
Van Vleck and Pauli Paramagnetism
Contents of Something Extra
1. Introduction
2. Nuclear Paramagnetism

Learning Outcomes
After studying this part, you shall be able to

 Understand the basic principle of Nuclear Paramagnetism.

SOLID STATE PHYSICS

Physics
Van Vleck and Pauli Paramagnetism
1.INTRODUCTION

The scientists L.V. Shubnikov and B.G. Lazarev were the first one to detect the Nuclear
paramagnetism phenomenon in 1937. They detected it in solid hydrogen. Below we have described this
phenomenon in very brief to develop the basic understanding of what Nuclear paramagnetism is?

2.NUCLEAR PARAMAGNETISM

We have already studied about the contribution of the orbital and spin of the electrons to the magnetic
moment of atoms.

However the nuclear spin can also contribute to the magnetic moment of the atoms. The nuclear
magnetic moment can be written in terms of nuclear magneton which is defined as,

e
n   5.5  1027 J / T
2M P
where MP is the proton mass.

Since the ratio of the proton mass to the electron mass is about 103, the nuclear magneton is smaller
compared to the Bohr magneton. As a result, the nuclear paramagnetism is negligible compared to
electron paramagnetism.

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is used to determine the nuclear magnetic moments.

REFERENCES

1. J.P. Srivastava, Elements of solid state physics, (PH I Pvt. Ltd. 2006).
2. M.P.Mardes, Condensed Matter Physics, Second Edition (John Willey, 2010).
3. R.M.White, Quantum theory of magnetism (Springer, 1982).

SOLID STATE PHYSICS

Physics
Van Vleck and Pauli Paramagnetism