Final Assignment: Methodological Literature Review - HPV Vaccinations

Final Assignment: Methodological Literature Review -

HPV Vaccinations

Daniela Rodriguez

Health 309: Health Science Research Methods

Dr. Parks

May 10th, 2020

Final Assignment: Methodological Literature Review - HPV Vaccinations

If the Human Papilloma Virus vaccine intervention promotes a better health future for

men and women, why is the number of people getting it so low? The independent variable in this

study would be the amount of HPV vaccines that are administered and the dependent variable

would would be reasons on why HPV vaccinations administrations are low. After reading

through some research journals the reasons why the numbers are so low are answered. The main

point of these studies has been to answer and educate the public on pros and cons that this

vaccine may have and whether it’s to get or not as well as to receive input from people in the

eligible population. The HPV vaccine is intended to be given to young adults in order to prevent

cervical cancer as a well as other STI’s. These researches explore and conclude why

administration numbers are low.

The way that research played out in the search of reasoning for HPV vaccination

numbers, there was data that was collected in several different ways. After reading the journals

and having some previous knowledge on the vaccine, it was clear that the main targets of these

studies and vaccine are adolescents or young adults. Majority of the studies already knew their

targeted population so the method that they used was stratified random sampling. Taking the kind

of research and intended population confirms that this was the best sampling to do in these

specific study cases. “A total of 98 vaccine-eligible (males/females, ages 9–26 years old)

patients/guardians completed the survey.” (VanderVeen, 2020.) This shows how in order to be

able to even take part in surveys, people had to be eligible which in all of these cases was

dependent on their ages. In two of these researches by Erves and Suárez, parents were the ones

who answered for their children that were eligible so they were exceptions to the specific

standards that they set in choosing a targeted sample.

Final Assignment: Methodological Literature Review - HPV Vaccinations

The methodological approach of this study is qualitative research with a little

introduction to quantitative research due to the research question and the information that these

researchers were able to gather. Most of their recorded data was in the form of surveys which

made it so there was a research result that could be used broadly. An issue that can be seen with

this the lack of response to the low numbers of HPV vaccines administered rather than the

reasons why which is accounted for. This was the best option in my opinion because these

studies received results that could be used broadly when looking at factors surround HPV and

can answer more than just the research study question. The quantitative data came to play when

the analyzation of the data concluded differences among the survey responders such as age,

education levels, and gender. They adequately asked and receive answered due to this format

they chose.

Data was collected in the form of surveys directly to those eligible for these studies or

questionnaires given to parents of eligible children. “Both online and in-person respondents first

completed informed consent by reviewing the background/purpose of the survey and checking a

box online or on paper to indicate their consent to participate in the survey. ” (Erves, 2017.) This

is an example of parents that were signing consents and filling surveys in response of their

children. I think the surveys and data collected were a good option for this specific study and

were enough in order for researchers to conclude something. In these questionnaires they were

asked if they knew about the vaccine, what it was for, when the targeted time to receive it is, if

they’s gotten them, their thoughts post-vaccine, etc. This data collection was very straightforward

and didn’t had a couple straightforward follow-ups. The thing about almost all of these research
Final Assignment: Methodological Literature Review - HPV Vaccinations

papers is that they asked same if not similar questions and also got similar results. This to me

concluded that it was the best option when it came to collecting data.

The way in which these research studies were carried out were ideal for the, because of

their main goals and questions to answer. There are little to no predictions they could have made

about this data other than very broad speculations on why people don’t or aren’t getting the

vaccine. Theses research studies analyzed the data and were able to conclude their responses

from input they got directly from their sample populations. They had focuses in their research as

well as any follow up they might need as well as willingness from participants and they were

able to accurately make conclusions and that I can confirm as someone who read all the studies

and saw similarities being carried throughout the studies as well as their final results. There was

an emphasis on grounded theory that was used which goes hand in hand with the qualitative

research performed. I think that this was a strength that all five research studies shared and

demonstrated well.

After carefully reviewing all these researches, it was determined that the reason that

numbers are lower than expected for HPV vaccinations are in relation to socioeconomic status,

race, education levels of parents making decisions for this underage children and young adults,

as well as lack of formed opinion and knowledge. After comparing and contrasting these studies

I think that everything from sampling to data collection, to research method was adequate in

performing these studies. There were only a couple things that I could seen as weaknesses but

overall I think that they all followed a very good and natural prompt due to the research question

and were able to provide more information and conclusions than initially intended.
Final Assignment: Methodological Literature Review - HPV Vaccinations

References:

1. Askelson, N. M., Ryan, G., Seegmiller, L., Pieper, F., Kintigh, B., & Callaghan, D. (2019).
Implementation challenges and opportunities related to HPV vaccination quality
improvement in primary care clinics in a rural state. Journal of Community Health,.
doi:http://dx.doi.org.summit.csuci.edu/10.1007/s10900-019-00676-z
2. Erves, J. C., Mayo-gamble, T., Hull, P. C., Duke, L., & Miller, S. T. (2017). Adolescent
participation in HPV vaccine clinical trials: Are parents willing? Journal of Community
Health, doi:http://dx.doi.org.summit.csuci.edu/10.1007/s10900-017-0331-x
3. Montalto, G. J. (2019). Sexually transmitted infections: Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment
in primary care. Pediatric Annals, doi:http://dx.doi.org.summit.csuci.edu/
10.3928/19382359-20190815-02
4. Suárez, P., Sherrie, F. W., Greaney, M. L., & Lindsay, A. C. (2019). Exploring HPV
knowledge, awareness, beliefs, attitudes, and vaccine acceptability of latino fathers living in
the united states: An integrative review. Journal of Community Health, doi:http://
dx.doi.org.summit.csuci.edu/10.1007/s10900-019-00636-7
5. VanderVeen, N., Arika, W., Tran, S., Kim, A., Davis, K., & Taubel, D. (2020). Perceived
barriers and trends in HPV vaccination via patient survey responses at kalamazoo,
Michigan’s federally-qualified health center. Journal of Community Health, doi:http://
dx.doi.org.summit.csuci.edu/10.1007/s10900-019-00719-5