Dr B R AMBEDKAR NIT JALANDHAR

NUMERICAL METHODS IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (MEPC-308)

Assignment-II
(1) Calculate the nth divided difference [x0 , x1 , x2 , · · · , xn ] of f (x) = 1/x.
(Hint: Use Induction)

(2) For the given functions f (x), let x0 = 1, x1 = 1.25, and x2 = 1.6. Construct interpolation
polynomials of degree at most one and at most two to approximate f (1.4), and find the
absolute error. 1
(i) f (x) = sin πx, (ii)f (x) = (x − 1) 3 , (iii)f (x) = e2x − x, (iv)f (x) = log10 (3x − 1).

(3) Find the error bound for the approximations in previous question.

(4) Use appropriate Lagrange interpolating polynomials of degree one, two, and three to ap-
proximate each of the following:
(i) f (8.4) if f (8.1) = 16.94410, f (8.3) = 17.56492, f (8.6) = 18.50515, f (8.7) = 18.82091.
(ii) f (.25) if f (0.1) = 0.62049958, f (0.2) = −0.28398668, f (0.3 = 0.00660095, f (0.4) =
0.24842440).
(iii) f (0.9) if f (0.6) = −0.17694460, f (0.7) = 0.01375227, f (0.8) = 0.22363362, f (1.0) =
0.65809197.

(5) The data for previous question were generated using the following functions. Use the error
formula to find a bound for the error , and compare the bound to the actual error the cases
n = 1 and n = 2.
(i) f (x) = x ln x, (ii)f (x) = x cos x − 2x2 + 3x − 1, (iii) f (x) = sin(ex − 2).

(6) Let f (x) = ex , for 0 ≤ x ≤ 2.

(i) Approximate f (0.25) using linear interpolation with x0 = 0 and x1 = 0.5.
(ii) Approximate f (0.75) using linear interpolation with x0 = 0.5 and x1 = 1.
(iii) Approximate f (0.25) and f (0.75) by using the second degree interpolating polynomial
with x0 = 0, x1 = 1, and x2 = 2.
(iv) Which approximation are better and why?

(7) Using Lagrange form of interpolating polynomial for the function g(x) = x3 + 3x2 − 5x + 1,
express the following rational function as a sum of partial fractions:
x3 + 3x2 − 5x + 1
.
(x + 1)(x − 2)(x − 3)(x + 4)

(8) Solve the following system of linear equations using modified Gaussian elimination method
with partial pivoting using infinite precision arithmetic
x1 − x2 + 3x3 = 2,
3x1 − 3x2 + x3 = 1,
x1 + x2 = 3.

(9) For the function f (x) = sin(πx), find the value of divided difference [1/3, 0, 1, 1/3].
(10) Solve the system
10x + 2y + z = 9
2x + 20y − 2z = −44
−2x + 3y + 10z = 22
using Gauss-Seidel and Jacobi’s methods and perform at least four iterations. Initial ap-
proximation value may be taken as (0, 0, 0).

(11) Using power method, find dominant eigenvalue and corresponding eigenvector of the follow-
ing matrices  
2 1 1 0
4 1 0
" #
1 1 0 1
A = 1 20 1 , B = 1 0 1 1 .
0 1 4
0 1 1 2