Bearing Capacity Based on Standard Penetration Test

SPT Value from report 22.5

Correction for Overburden
Unit weight of soil 16
Submerged Unit Weight 10
Height above Water Table 0
Height Below water table 2
Effective Overburden 20 KN/m2
Correction for Overburden
1. Gibbs and Holtz( 1957)
Corrected value 87.5
ratio 3.8888888888889
Final Corrected value 43.75
2. Peck, Hansen and Thornburn (1974)
Corrected value Not Applicable
3. Bazarra(1967) & Peck and Bazzara(1969)
Corrected value 49.019607843137
Final Corrected SPT
Value due to Overburden 43
Correction for Dilatency
Terzaghi and Peck(1997)
Corrected value 29

Final Corrected SPT value

Cohesive Soil 22.5
Cohesionless soil
RESULT
i) Fine sand silts Nc1>15 29
i) Fine sand silts Nc1<15 43
BEARING CAPACITY BASED ON SPT VALUE BY DIFFERENT METHODS
Teng(1969)
for a settlement of 25 mm GL
Depth of footing,Df 2m
Width of footing,B 8m
Corrected Standard penetration value(N) 28
Depth of water table below foundation,Dw2 0m
Water correction factor Rw2 0.5
Depth factor,Fd 1.25 2m
Qs 147.16 KN/m2

Mayerhof(1956)
Depth of footing,Df 2m
Width of footing,B 8m
Corrected Standard penetration value(N) 28
Depth of water table below foundation,Dw2 0m 0m 8m
Water correction factor Rw2 0.5 GWL
Depth factor,Fd 1.0825 fig: Foundation
Qs 130.5 KN/m2

Teng's Equation(Modified) For any other settlemet

Depth of footing,Df 2m Settlemet 40 mm
Qs in
Width of footing,B 8m Methods KN/m2
Corrected Standard penetration value(N) 28 Teng 235.45
Conservative
Depth of water table below foundation,Dw2 0m Mayerhof 208.8
Water correction factor Rw2 0.5 Modified Teng 356.54
Depth factor,Fd 1.25 Modified Mayehof b 326.25
Qs 222.84 KN/m2
Mayerhof's Equation(Modified as per Bowles)(1988)
Depth of footing,Df 2m
Width of footing,B 8m
Corrected Standard penetration value(N) 28
Depth of water table below foundation,Dw2 0m
Water correction factor Rw2 0.5
Depth factor,Fd 1.0825
Qs 203.91 KN/m2

Qs in KN/m2(for 25
Methods mm settlement)
Teng 147.16 33.7
Conservative
Mayerhof 130.5
Modified Teng 222.84
Modified Mayehof by Bowle 203.91
 SPT and φ
SPT value 11 φ 30.241
φ 30.241068946 SPT value 10.999835195

Relation between N and qu

Unconfined
Standard penetration compressive
Consistency
number, N60 strength, qu ,
KN/m2
0-2 very soft 0-25
2-5 soft 25-50
5-10 medium stiff 50-100
10-20 stiff 100-200
20-30 very stiff 200-400
>30 hard >400

N and Phi related to Relative Density

Relative Density, Bulk Density
N Compactness Phi,Φ
D (kg/m3)
0-4 Very loose 0-15 <28 <1600
4-10 loose 15-35 28-30 1530-2000
10-30 medium 35-65 30-36 1750-2100
30-50 Dense 65-85 36-41 1750-2245
>50 Very Dense >85 >41 >2100
1 Hammer Efficiency Correction
Bowles,1996
2 types
Donut with two turns of Manila Rope on the cathead
i) with a hammer efficiency 0.45
Safety with two turns of Manila Rope on the cathead
ii) with hammer efficiency
Rope-pulley or cathead 0.7 to 0.8
trip or automatic hammer 0.8 to 1
2 Drilled rod ,sampler and borehole correction (Bowles,1996)
i) Drill rod length correction factor,Cd
orrection
length factor (Cd)
grater than 10m 1
4-10m 0.85 to 0.95
less than 4m 0.75
ii) Sampler correction factor ,Cs
a) Without liner 1
b) With liner
Dense sand ,clay 0.8
Loose sand 0.9
iii) Bore hole diameter correction factor ,Cb
correction
Bore hole diameter(mm) factor ,Cb
60-120 1
150 1.05
200 1.15
3 Correction factor for overburden Pressure
Cn= (65.76/P')^(1/2) P'= Effective overburden Pressure in KN/m 2

N(corrected) may be given by:

N= CnNoEhCdCsCb
Overburden Correction
Gibbs and Holtz( 1957)
dry or moist clean sand
Nc= NR*350/(σo+70) applicable for σo<=280KN/m2
ratio on Nc and NR should lie between 0.45 to 2
if ratio on Nc and NR > 2 , Nc should be divided by 2 to obtain design value
Peck, Hansen and Thornburn (1974)
N= 0.77*NR *log(1905/σo) for σo>=24KN/m^2
Bazarra(1967) & Peck and Bazzara(1969)
N= 4NR /(1+0.0418*σo) if σo< 71.8KN/m^2
4NR /(3.25+0.0104*σo) if σo< 71.8KN/m^2
NR if σo= 71.8KN/m^2
gibbs and holtz
Dilatency Correction Nr 4
Terzaghi and Peck(1997) Nc 20
Nc= 15+(1/2)*(NR-15) If NR>15 ratio 5
Nc= NR If NR<=15 Nc 10
o obtain design value
φ' Nc Nq Ny φ' Nc Nq Ny
0 5.7 1 0.01 0 5.14 1 0
1 6 1.1 0.01 1 5.38 1.09 0.07
2 6.3 1.22 0.04 2 5.63 1.2 0.15
3 6.62 1.35 0.06 3 5.9 1.31 0.24
4 6.97 1.49 0.1 4 6.19 1.43 0.34
5 7.34 1.64 0.14 5 6.49 1.57 0.45
6 7.73 1.81 0.2 6 6.81 1.72 0.57
7 8.15 2 0.27 7 7.16 1.88 0.71
8 8.6 2.21 0.35 8 7.53 2.06 0.86
9 9.09 2.44 0.44 9 7.92 2.25 1.03
10 9.61 2.69 0.56 10 8.35 2.47 1.22
11 10.16 2.98 0.69 11 8.8 2.71 1.44
12 10.76 3.29 0.85 12 9.28 2.97 1.69
13 11.41 3.63 1.04 13 9.81 3.26 1.97
14 12.11 4.02 1.26 14 10.37 3.59 2.29
15 12.86 4.45 1.52 15 10.98 3.94 2.65
16 13.68 4.92 1.82 16 11.63 4.34 3.06
17 14.6 5.45 2.18 17 12.34 4.77 3.53
18 15.12 6.04 2.59 18 13.1 5.26 4.07
19 16.56 6.7 3.07 19 13.93 5.8 4.68
20 17.69 7.44 3.64 20 14.83 6.4 5.39
21 18.92 8.26 4.31 21 15.82 7.07 6.2
22 20.27 9.19 5.09 22 16.88 7.82 7.13
23 21.75 10.23 6 23 18.05 8.66 8.2
24 23.36 11.4 7.08 24 19.32 9.6 9.44
25 25.13 12.72 8.34 25 20.72 10.66 10.88
26 27.09 14.21 9.84 26 22.25 11.85 12.54
27 29.24 15.9 11.6 27 23.94 13.2 14.47
28 31.61 17.81 13.7 28 25.8 14.72 16.72
29 34.24 19.98 16.18 29 27.86 16.44 19.34
30 37.16 22.46 19.13 30 30.14 18.4 22.4
31 40.41 25.28 22.65 31 32.67 20.63 25.9
32 44.04 28.52 26.87 32 35.49 23.18 30.22
33 48.09 32.23 31.94 33 38.64 26.09 35.19
34 52.64 36.5 38.04 34 42.16 29.44 41.06
35 57.75 41.44 45.41 35 46.12 33.3 48.03
36 63.53 47.16 54.36 36 50.59 37.75 56.31
37 70.01 53.8 65.27 37 55.63 42.92 66.19
38 77.5 61.55 78.61 38 61.35 48.93 78.03
39 85.97 70.61 95.03 39 67.87 55.96 92.25
40 95.66 81.27 115.31 40 75.31 64.2 109.41
41 106.81 93.85 140.51 41 83.86 73.9 130.22
42 119.67 108.75 171.99 42 93.71 85.38 155.55
43 134.58 126.5 211.56 43 105.11 99.02 186.54
44 151.95 147.74 261.6 44 118.37 115.31 224.64
45 172.28 173.28 325.34 45 133.58 134.88 271.76
46 196.22 204.19 407.11
47 224.55 241.8 512.84
48 258.28 287.85 650.67
49 298.71 344.63 831.99
50 347.5 415.14 1072.8
Shape factor
De Beer(1970)
Fcs= 1+B/L*Nq/Nc
Fqs= 1+B/L*tanφ
Fys= 1-0.4*B/L
L=length of foundation
Depth Factor (Hansen,1970)
Df/B<=1
for φ=0
Fcd= 1+.4*Df/B
Fqd= 1
Fyd= 1
for φ>0
Fcd= Fqd-(1-Fqd)/(Nc*tanφ)
Fqd= 1+2tanφ(1-sinφ)^2*(Df/B)
Fyd= 1
Df/B>1
for φ=0
Fcd= 1+.4*atan(Df/B)
Fqd= 1
Fyd= 1
for φ>0
Fcd= Fqd-(1-Fqd)/(Nc*tanφ)
Fqd= 1+2tanφ(1-sinφ)^2*atan(Df/B)
Fyd= 1
Inclination factor
Fci=Fqi= (1-βo/90o)^2
Fyi = (1-β/φ)^2
Bearing Capacity Calculation DATA
angle of Internal Friction (φ) 32 degree
Cohesion (c') 0 KN/m^2
Unit weight of soil(ys) 16 KN/m^3
Submerged Unit weight (ys') 9.5 KN/m^3
Length of footing(L) 11 m
Width of Footing(B) 6m Dw= 5.00m
Depth of footing(Df) 4m
Depth of water table (Dw) 5m Df= 4.00m
Depth of water table below footing(d) 1m
Inclination of load on the foundation w.r.t
vertical (β) 0 degree
Bearing capacity Factors (Terzaghi)
Nc 44.04 B= 6.00m
Nq 28.52
Ny 26.87
Safe
Ultimate Bearing FOS Bearing
Ultimate Bearing capicity (Terzaghi) capicity Capacity
Strip footing 1857.03 3 619 KN/m2
Square footing 2448.664 3 816 KN/m2
Circular footing 2337.1535 3 779 KN/m2 Shape factor
De Beer(1970)
General Bearing Capacity (Meyerhof,1963) Fcs= 1+B/L*Nq/Nc
Nc 35.49 Fqs= 1+B/L*tanφ
Nq 23.18 Fys= 1-0.4*B/L
Ny 30.22 L=length of foundation
Fcs 1.35625912548989
Shape
Fqs 1.34083782831418 factors
Fys 0.781818181818182
Fcd 1.19240999115717
Depth
Fqd 1.18410808834364 Factors
Fyd 1
Fci 1 Depth Factor (Hansen,1970)
Fqi 1 Inclination Df/B<=1
Fyi 1 factors for φ=0
q 64 KN/m^2 Fcd= 1+.4*Df/B
y(modified) 10.5833333333333 KN/m^3 Fqd= 1
Ultimate Bearing Capacity 3314.86513129281 KN/m^2 Fyd= 1
Factor of Safety (FOS) 3 for φ>0
Safe Bearing Capacity 1104.95504376427 Fcd= Fqd-(1-Fqd)/(Nc*tanφ)
Shear failure Criteria Fqd= 1+2tanφ(1-sinφ)^2*(Df/B)
water table correction factors Fyd= 1
Rw1 1 Df/B>1
Rw2 0.583333333333333 for φ=0
Qns 67 KN/m^2 Fcd= 1+.4*atan(Df/B)
Fqd= 1
Shear failure Criteria Fyd= 1
for φ>0
Fcd= Fqd-(1-Fqd)/(Nc*tanφ)
Fqd= 1+2tanφ(1-sinφ)^2*atan(Df/B)
Fyd= 1
Inclination factor
Fci=Fqi= (1-βo/90o)^2
Fyi = (1-β/φ)^2
 PILE CAPCITY CALCULATION

Saturated Cohesionless soil

Average value of SPT at pile tip,N 15
Average SPT along the pile Shaft,Navg 13
Length of Penetration of Pile,L 23 m
Diameter of Pile,D 1m
Area of x section at pile tip,Ap 0.785 m2
Surface area of the pile Shaft,As 72.256 m2
Qu 3409.41 KN
FOS 2.5
Safe Pile Capacity 1363.76 KN
For Non Plastic Silt or Very Fine Sand
Qu 4273.7966667 KN
Safe Pile Capacity 1709.51 KN
Piles In Startified Soil
1. Piles In Granular Soil (IS Code)
Diameter of Pile,D 1m
X sectional area at pile Tip,Ap 0.78 m^2
Effective Unit weight at pile tip,ϒ 10
φ of pile tip 34
Ny 42.904 From Table of IS 6403
Nq 39.396 From Chart
Cross Sectional Area at pile tip,Ap 0.78 m^2
 PILE CAPCITY CALCULATION

Surface
Layer
Depth from ϒgiven area of Commulative
Layer No ϒd (Kn/m^3) e φ(degree) Ks tanδ depth Pdi Ki*Pdi*tanδ*Asi
ground(m) (KN/m^3) pile shaft Y*∆L
∆L(m)
(Asi)
1 3 30 8 1 0.57735 3 9.424778 12 65.297 24
2 5 32 8 1.1 0.624869 2 6.283185 32 138.201 40
3 7 33 9 1.15 0.649408 2 6.283185 49 229.928 58

NOT REQUIRED

NOT REQUIRED
4 9 34 10 1.2 0.674509 2 6.283185 68 345.826 78
5 13.5 34 10 1.2 0.674509 4.5 14.13717 100.5 1149.998 123
6 0 0 0 0 100.5 0.000 123
7 0 0 0 0 100.5 0.000 123
8 0 0 0 0 100.5 0.000 123
9 0 0 0 0 100.5 0.000 123
10 0 0 0 0 100.5 0.000 123
SUM 1929.250
for Pd at pile tip Calculation
Critical Depth 15.000 m for φ<=30
Critical Depth 20.000 m for φ>=40
In this case, Critical Depth,dc 17.000 m
Upper layer 13.500 m
Lower Layer 0.000
Pd at upper layer 123.000 KN/m^2
Pd at lower layer 0.000 KN/m^2
Pd at pile tip 123.000 KN/m^2
End Bearing,Qb 3946.935
Qu 5876.185 KN
FOS 2.5
Q allow 2350.47 KN
2. Piles In Cohesive Soils
Pile Diameter,D 1m
Bearing capacity factor,Nc 9
Average Cohesion at pile Tip,Cp 65 KN/m^2
Cross sectional Area at pile tip,Ap 0.78 m^2
Undrained
Average Shear
Surface area
Depth from Cohesion of ith Strength Adhesion
Layer No of pile shaft αi*Ci*Asi qu=2cu
ground(m) layer,Ci ith layer of Factor, αi
(Asi)
(KN/m^2) Clay,Cui
(KN/m^2)
1 3 31.25 62.5 0.70144932 9.425 206.5938789
2 5 31.25 62.5 0.70144932 6.283 137.7292526
3 7 31.25 62.5 0.70144932 6.283 137.7292526 9000.000
4 9 31.25 62.5 0.70144932 6.283 137.7292526 20 7200.000
5 20 31.25 62.5 0.70144932 34.558 757.5108893 10 6480.000
6 1 0.000 0 22 7020.000
7 1 0.000 0 8 6458.400
8 1 0.000 0 15 7650.000
9 1 0.000 0 15 6502.500
10 1 0.000 0 25 6750.000
SUM 1377.292526 5 6412.5
Qb 456.300
Qu 1833.593 KN
FOS 2.5
Q allow 733.43 KN
 PILE CAPCITY CALCULATION
2. Group Action of Piles In Cohesive Soils
Pile cap Length,L 16.4 m
Breadth,B 7.4 m
Bearing capacity factor,Nc 9 code
Average Cohesion at piles Tip,Cp 50 KN/m^2
Cross sectional Area at pile tip,Ap 121.36 m^2
Undrained
Average Shear
Surface area
Depth from Cohesion of ith Strength Adhesion
Layer No of pile shaft αi*Ci*Asi
ground(m) layer,Ci ith layer of Factor, αi
(Asi)
(KN/m^2) Clay,Cui
(KN/m^2)
1 2 50 50 0.85806001 95.200 4084.365653
2 4 50 50 0.85806001 95.200 4084.365653
3 7 50 50 0.85806001 142.800 6126.548479
4 10 50 50 0.85806001 142.800 6126.548479
5 18 50 50 0.85806001 380.800 16337.46261
6 0 0.000 0
7 0 0.000 0
8 0 0.000 0
9 0 0.000 0
10 0 0.000 0
SUM 36759.29087
Qb 54612.000 KN
Qu 91371.291 KN
FOS 2.5
Q allow 36548.51 KN 2030.47278
 PILE CAPACITY BASED ON SPT VALUE BY DIFFERENT METHODS

Pile Capacity 686.1238 KN

Mayerhof (1976) Decourt(1995)
Pile Dia,D 1m Pile Dia,D 1m
Pile Length,L 19.5 m Pile Length,L 19.5 m
Nb 6 (avergae of N between 10D above and 5D below pile base) Nb 6 (avergae of N around pile base)
N 7 (Average value of N around the pile embeded depth) Ns 6 (Average value of N around the pile embeded depth)
ns 1 Soil Type Clay
k 0.012 α 1
m 0.12 kb 0.08
Qb 0.072 Mpa Qb 0.48 Mpa
Qs 0.07 Mpa Qs 0.0268 Mpa
Qu 4344.823 KN Qu 2018.787 KN
FoS 2.5 FoS 2.5
Allowable pile Allowable pile
Load,Qa 1737.929 KN Load,Qa 807.515 KN

Bazaraa & Shariatmadari et

Kurkur(1986) al.(2008)
Pile Dia,D 1 Pile Dia,D 1m
Pile Length,L 19.5 m Pile Length,L 19.5 m
(the geometrical average of N values between 8D above and 4D below the pile
Nb 6 (average of N between 1D above and 3.75D) Ngb 6 base)
Ns 6 (Average value of N around the pile embeded depth) Ngs 6 (Geometrical average of N values along the pile)
nb 0.13 range (0.06-0.2) Qb 2.31 Mpa
ns 3 range(2-4) Qs 0.0219 Mpa
Qb 0.78 Mpa Qu 3155.887 KN
Qs 0.018 Mpa FoS 2.5
Allowable pile
Qu 1715.31 Load,Qa 1262.355 KN
FoS 2.5
Allowable pile
Load,Qa 686.1238 KN
 Cohesionless Soil Cohesive Soil
φ Ny angle of internal fNq
Undrained
angle of internal Shear
Nq
friction Strength,C
u
0 0 Individual

5 0.45 25 10 42.63675
10 1.22 25.11129 10.12563 42.91725
15 2.65 25.19977 10.31309 43.19776
20 5.39 25.26642 10.4071 43.47826
25 10.88 25.3555 10.50139 44.03927
30 22.4 25.39913 10.6883 44.31977
35 48.03 25.51083 10.75181 44.88079
40 109.41 25.53264 10.84526 45.4418
45 271.76 25.62132 11.00167 45.7223
50 762.89 25.70979 11.18914 46.28331
find 25.79846 11.34554 find 46.84432
φ 34 25.88694 11.53301 φ 34 47.68583
φ1 30 25.99763 11.75181 φ1 33.94176 48.24685
φ2 35 26.06388 11.90794 φ2 34.0049 48.80785
Ny1 22.4 26.12973 12.12618 Nq1 39.10648 49.36886

Ny2 48.03 26.21861 12.25153 Nq2 39.41988 49.64937

Ny 42.904 26.30708 12.439 Nq 39.39556 50.77139
26.39595 12.56435 51.6129
26.50665 12.78315 52.17391
26.63996 12.97117 52.73492
26.74964 13.34526 53.29593
26.88296 13.53329 54.13745
27.01607 13.75237 54.97896
27.10353 14.09513 55.53997
27.25846 14.40766 56.38148
27.39177 14.59568 56.9425
27.45762 14.81393 57.78401
27.59053 15.06407 57.78401
27.67901 15.25153 59.18653
27.7897 15.47033 59.74755
27.85595 15.62646 60.58906
27.94442 15.81393 61.15007
28.0329 16.00139 61.71108
28.09875 16.21964 62.55259
28.18722 16.4071 63.39411
28.27609 16.53245 64.23563
28.36457 16.71992 64.79663
28.43062 16.9071 65.63815
28.54111 17.15696 67.04067
28.62978 17.31337 67.88219
28.69584 17.50056 68.7237
28.76189 17.68774 69.84573
28.85036 17.87521 70.68724
29.00529 18.18774 71.80926
29.07114 18.40599 72.65077
29.16002 18.53134 73.49229
29.20345 18.7493 75.17532
29.2699 18.87437 76.29733
29.31374 19.03022 77.69986
29.42463 19.21797 78.82188
29.46846 19.37382 95.65218
29.53492 19.49889 80.2244
29.62379 19.62423 81.34642
29.68984 19.81142 82.18793
29.73368 19.96727 83.59046
29.86739 20.09318 84.15147
29.86679 20.18635 84.99299
29.93385 20.21824 86.11501
30.00295 20.57974 87.51753
30.06515 20.86786 88.63955
30.14709 21.05876 89.76157
30.20953 21.39518 90.88359
30.31196 21.63381 92.28612
30.37489 22.06685 93.68864
30.45757 22.40269 94.53015
30.64293 23.02547 97.0547
30.72561 23.3613 98.45722
30.76756 23.65 99.57924
30.86999 23.88863 100.98177
30.93243 24.22505 102.38429
31.05608 24.65634 104.06732
31.15925 25.0399 105.18934
31.22169 25.37633 106.87237
31.28388 25.66444 108.5554
31.34559 25.85592 109.67742
31.48973 26.33494 111.36045
31.5724 26.67077 112.76297
31.6146 27.00778 114.446
31.67631 27.19927 116.40954
31.73875 27.5357 117.81207
31.82118 27.82322 119.7756
31.90337 28.06243 120.61711
31.94508 28.30282 122.01964
32.00703 28.54262 123.70267
32.04923 28.87963 125.3857
32.13142 29.11884 127.06873
32.15313 29.40813 128.75175
32.25532 29.59844 130.43478
32.27431 29.94604 132.11781
32.33745 30.25944 134.64235
32.40093 30.63616 136.6059
32.48489 31.01183 138.56943
32.54836 31.38854 139.69145
32.63266 31.82752 141.09396
32.69714 32.39415 143.05751
32.80125 32.70548 144.74054
32.86472 33.08219 146.42357
32.92887 33.58551 148.1066
32.99234 33.96223 150.07013
33.09679 34.33686 152.03366
33.14011 34.77792 153.71669
33.20292 35.02802 155.11922
33.26639 35.40473 158.76578
33.32919 35.65483 160.44881
33.37184 35.96928 161.85133
33.43465 36.21939 164.09537
33.45681 36.53487 166.0589
33.54111 36.97385 167.74193
33.60458 37.35056 169.42497
33.68787 37.59962 172.51051
33.75168 38.03964 174.47406
33.795 38.4807 176.15709
33.8578 38.7308 177.84012
33.94176 39.10648 179.52315
34.0049 39.41988 180.64516
34.02673 39.67206 182.32819
34.032 39.91935 184.57224
34.13084 40.57215 187.09677
34.16559 41.35993 189.90182
34.26485 42.14431 191.02385
34.42819 42.79372 192.42636
34.49519 43.5798 193.82889
34.59445 44.36418 195.23141
34.69329 45.01698 198.03647
34.75904 45.40832 198.87798
34.82646 46.32598 200
34.95713 46.8455
Undrained
Shear
Strength,C
u
35.02414 47.63158 For Group
35.05847 48.28778 42.63675
35.12464 48.8107 42.91725
35.22473 49.85823 43.19776
35.23685 49.87621 43.47826
35.2848 50.46337 44.03927
35.37992 50.81409 44.31977
35.42788 51.40125 44.88079
35.49964 52.1055 45.4418
35.59499 52.69154 45.7223
35.64305 53.39634 46.28331
35.6909 53.86584 46.84432
35.73874 54.33534 47.68583
35.78646 54.68719 48.24685
35.85812 55.27378 48.80785
35.90585 55.62563 49.36886
36.00175 56.79993 49.64937
36.07374 57.73949 50.77139
36.14516 58.09078 51.6129
36.21693 58.79502 52.17391
36.21726 59.14799 52.73492
36.26499 59.49983 53.29593
36.33653 59.96877 54.13745
36.38437 60.43827 54.97896
36.39007 60.50926 55.53997
36.46239 61.75347 56.38148
36.53423 62.78935 56.9425
36.64031 63.61401 57.78401
36.74735 64.85532 57.78401
36.78496 66.10243 59.18653
36.89151 67.13541 59.74755
36.99711 67.75174 60.58906
37.06895 68.78761 61.15007
37.14031 69.61517 61.71108
37.15517 70.19608 62.55259
37.21264 71.56863 63.39411
37.27011 72.35294 64.23563
37.32759 72.94118 64.79663
37.35632 73.52941 65.63815
37.44253 74.11765 67.04067
37.47126 74.90196 67.88219
37.58621 76.27451 68.7237
37.67241 77.05882 69.84573
37.70115 77.84314 70.68724
37.72989 78.43137 71.80926
37.75862 79.01961 72.65077
37.84483 79.80392 73.49229
37.9023 80.39216 75.17532
37.93103 81.17647 76.29733
38.01724 82.35294 77.69986
38.10345 83.52941 78.82188
38.18966 84.70588 95.65218
38.27586 85.68627 80.2244
38.36207 86.86275 81.34642
38.44828 88.23529 82.18793
38.53448 89.60784 83.59046
38.59195 90.58823 84.15147
38.63159 91.60583 84.99299
38.6736 92.54198 86.11501
38.73618 93.16499 87.51753
38.79894 94.10049 88.63955
38.88227 94.72285 89.76157
38.90345 95.5034 90.88359
38.96646 96.90762 92.28612
38.98811 100.05988 93.68864
39.02827 101.83263 94.53015
39.0881 103.01251 97.0547
39.12826 104.78527 98.45722
39.20802 106.25983 99.57924
39.26809 108.32727 100.98177
39.32793 109.50715 102.38429
39.36808 111.27991 104.06732
39.42823 113.6432 105.18934
39.48823 115.41478 106.87237
39.54823 117.18636 108.5554
39.58838 118.95912 109.67742
39.64822 120.139 111.36045
39.74813 122.79579 112.76297
39.86828 126.93066 114.446
39.92827 128.70224 116.40954
39.98827 130.47383 117.81207
40.06834 133.13179 119.7756
40.12834 134.90338 120.61711
40.14865 136.67731 122.01964
40.22849 138.44772 123.70267
40.3284 141.10451 125.3857
40.36863 143.17313 127.06873
40.42855 144.64885 128.75175
40.48854 146.42044 130.43478
40.52862 147.89734 132.11781
40.5887 149.96478 134.64235
40.64861 151.44051 136.6059
40.70868 153.50795 138.56943
40.74892 155.57655 139.69145
40.82867 157.05112 141.09396
40.88867 158.82271 143.05751
40.96859 160.88896 144.74054
41.00874 162.66171 146.42357
41.08858 164.43213 148.1066
41.12889 166.79659 150.07013
41.18896 168.86403 152.03366
41.22904 170.34093 153.71669
41.3088 171.81549 155.11922
41.36887 173.88293 158.76578
41.40902 175.65569 160.44881
41.46902 177.42728 161.85133
41.52901 179.19885 164.09537
41.58893 180.67459 166.0589
41.62909 182.44734 167.74193
41.68908 184.21893 169.42497
41.74907 185.99051 172.51051
41.82891 187.76093 174.47406
41.84922 189.53485 176.15709
41.92898 191.00941 177.84012
41.9293 192.19283 179.52315
42.00906 193.66737 180.64516
42.04905 194.84843 182.32819
42.10928 197.50757 184.57224
42.14928 198.68863 187.09677
42.16951 200.1667 189.90182
42.25368 199.7934 191.02385
42.29199 202.51714 192.42636
42.34917 204.78462 193.82889
42.38733 206.59929 195.23141
42.46345 208.86505 198.03647
42.48275 211.13599 198.87798
42.53992 213.40346 200
42.55922 215.67439
42.61647 218.39641
42.69273 221.57123
42.75012 225.2023
42.82631 227.92259
42.86461 230.64633
42.92179 232.91382
42.97897 235.18129
43.03621 237.90331
43.09346 240.62532
43.15071 243.34734
43.17008 246.0728
43.20846 249.25105
43.26571 251.97307
43.34196 255.14789
43.43716 258.32098
43.53265 263.31223
43.58997 266.48877
43.68502 268.75281
43.72347 272.38559
43.76171 274.65479
43.81896 277.3768
43.87621 280.09882
43.93346 282.82083
44.00978 286.4502
44.08597 289.17047
44.14322 291.89249
44.20054 295.06903
44.23885 297.79279
44.27708 300.06198
44.32836 305.47946
44.4403 313.69864
44.51493 321.91782
44.62687 331.50684
44.70149 339.72601
44.85075 346.57535
44.96269 354.79453
 Embeded Length Reduction Factor

Adhesion Reduction
L1/T Lf/T L1/T
Factor,α factor(m)

0.99504 Find α layer 1 0.03951 2.23018 L1/T 0.2 0.0093 0.40105

0.98678 Cu 62.5 0.0802 2.2158 (L1/T)1 0.18195 0.03718 0.40803
0.97851 Cu1 61.71108 0.12093 2.20347 (L1/T)2 0.20223 0.07907 0.41502
0.97025 Cu2 62.55259 0.16171 2.1932 (Lf/T)1 2.18087 0.12103 0.41922
0.96033 α1 0.71074 0.18195 2.18087 (Lf/T)2 2.1706 0.16298 0.42342
0.95372 α2 0.70083 0.20223 2.1706 Lf/T 2.171729 0.17684 0.43041
0.94545 α 0.701449 0.243 2.16033 0.21876 0.436
0.93719 0.26324 2.148 0.24667 0.44159
0.92893 Find α layer 2 0.32455 2.13978 0.3166 0.44859
0.91901 Cu 62.5 0.34487 2.13156 0.3445 0.45418
0.90744 Cu1 61.71108 0.38569 2.12334 0.37241 0.45977
0.89752 Cu2 62.55259 0.447 2.11511 0.42826 0.46956
0.88926 α1 0.71074 0.48785 2.10894 0.47021 0.47375
0.88099 α2 0.70083 0.52863 2.09867 0.51214 0.47935
0.87273 α 0.701449 0.56944 2.09044 0.54001 0.48634

0.86116 0.61026 2.08222 0.56792 0.49193

0.85124 Find α layer 3 0.6921 2.07605 0.59582 0.49752
0.84132 Cu 62.5 0.71242 2.06783 0.63778 0.50172
0.83306 Cu1 61.71108 0.75328 2.06166 0.69372 0.50731
0.82479 Cu2 62.55259 0.77356 2.05139 0.72163 0.5129
0.81653 α1 0.71074 0.81442 2.04522 0.79156 0.5199
0.80496 α2 0.70083 0.87577 2.03905 0.83345 0.52689
0.79504 α 0.701449 0.91663 2.03288 0.87531 0.53528
0.78512 Find α layer 4 0.9983 2.01849 0.91724 0.54087
0.77521 Cu 62.5 1.03907 2.00821 0.97315 0.54787
0.76529 Cu1 61.71108 1.07993 2.00204 1.02909 0.55346
0.75868 Cu2 62.55259 1.14124 1.99382 1.09902 0.56046
0.75041 α1 0.71074 1.20263 1.9897 1.14094 0.56606
0.74215 α2 0.70083 1.24349 1.98353 1.21087 0.57305
0.73223 α 0.701449 1.36618 1.97118 1.26685 0.57725
0.72397 Find α layer 5 1.30479 1.9753 1.36475 0.58705
0.71736 Cu 62.5 1.46856 1.96706 1.30878 0.58285
0.71074 Cu1 61.71108 1.5504 1.96088 1.42073 0.59125
0.70083 Cu2 62.55259 1.65265 1.95059 1.46269 0.59545
0.69256 α1 0.71074 1.73449 1.94441 1.51866 0.59965
0.68595 α2 0.70083 1.83682 1.93823 1.58869 0.60246
0.67769 α 0.701449 1.89817 1.93206 1.6166 0.60805
0.66942 Find α layer 6 1.95965 1.93205 1.65855 0.61225
0.66281 Cu 0 2.04145 1.92382 1.71453 0.61645
0.65455 Cu1 #N/A 2.16435 1.92174 3.29641 0.71176
0.64628 Cu2 #N/A 2.22574 1.91762 1.79851 0.62205
0.63636 α1 #N/A 2.30759 1.91144 1.8405 0.62486
0.62645 α2 #N/A 2.36898 1.90732 1.95252 0.63047
0.61818 α #N/A 2.49189 1.90524 2.03656 0.63328
0.61157 Find α layer 7 2.57377 1.90112 2.1345 0.64168
0.60496 Cu 0 2.65569 1.89905 2.24648 0.64869
0.59174 Cu1 #N/A 2.71713 1.89698 2.35853 0.6529
0.58512 Cu2 #N/A 2.79897 1.89081 2.4565 0.6599
0.57355 α1 #N/A 2.90143 1.89078 2.54042 0.6683
0.56529 α2 #N/A 2.96286 1.88872 2.63848 0.67111
0.46281 α #N/A 3.06528 1.88664 2.70848 0.67532
0.55207 Find α layer 8 3.12675 1.88663 2.79246 0.68092
0.5438 Cu 0 3.22917 1.88456 2.82033 0.68791
0.53554 Cu1 #N/A 3.31113 1.88454 2.87631 0.69211
0.53223 Cu2 #N/A 3.39306 1.88247 3.00237 0.69633
0.52562 α1 #N/A 3.49548 1.8804 3.05838 0.69914
0.52066 α2 #N/A 3.59793 1.88037 3.11436 0.70334
0.51405 α #N/A 3.6799 1.88036 3.1704 0.70475
0.50579 Find α layer 9 3.74138 1.88035 3.24033 0.71174
0.50083 Cu 0 3.82334 1.88033 3.33836 0.71595
0.49256 Cu1 #N/A 3.90531 1.88031 3.40839 0.71876
0.4876 Cu2 #N/A 3.98723 1.87824 3.4644 0.72157
0.47934 α1 #N/A 4.06916 1.87617 3.53443 0.72438
0.47273 α2 #N/A 4.17162 1.87615 3.61844 0.72858
0.46612 α #N/A 4.29453 1.87407 3.6884 0.73419
0.4562 Find α layer 10 4.41743 1.87199 3.77248 0.7356
0.44793 Cu 0 4.51985 1.86992 3.85649 0.73981
0.44298 Cu1 #N/A 4.72473 1.86782 3.92652 0.74262
0.43636 Cu2 #N/A 4.82719 1.8678 3.99658 0.74403
0.42975 α1 #N/A 4.9296 1.86573 4.0806 0.74824
0.42314 α2 #N/A 5.01157 1.86571 4.13661 0.75104
0.41653 α #N/A 5.11399 1.86364 4.19258 0.75525
0.40826 5.19595 1.86362 4.24866 0.75526
0.40661 5.27792 1.8636 4.30463 0.75946
0.39835 5.35989 1.86359 4.36067 0.76087
0.39504 5.50329 1.8615 4.41665 0.76507
0.38678 5.56472 1.85944 4.47263 0.76927
0.38347 5.64673 1.86147 4.54272 0.76929
0.37521 9.9701 1.84211 4.61278 0.7707
0.3719 5.79013 1.85939 4.68277 0.77491
0.36694 5.85156 1.85732 4.75277 0.77911
0.36198 5.93353 1.85731 4.82286 0.77913
0.35702 6.01549 1.85729 4.89292 0.78054
0.35207 6.09746 1.85727 4.93488 0.78474
 0.34711 6.15898 1.85931 5.00491 0.78755
0.34545 6.22045 1.8593 5.08895 0.79036
0.33884 6.30242 1.85929 5.18699 0.79457
0.33554 6.3639 1.85927 5.28512 0.79459
0.33223 6.40488 1.85926 5.36919 0.79601
0.32562 6.46635 1.85925 5.42517 0.80021
0.32231 6.52783 1.85924 5.49526 0.80023
0.32066 6.5893 1.85923 5.56529 0.80303
0.31405 6.65074 1.85716 5.63535 0.80445
0.31405 6.71221 1.85715 5.67731 0.80864
0.31074 6.77369 1.85714 5.74737 0.81006
0.30744 6.85561 1.85507 5.80344 0.81007
0.30248 6.91705 1.853 5.84547 0.81148
0.30248 6.97856 1.85504 5.88746 0.81428
0.29752 7.06049 1.85297 5.95752 0.81569
0.29256 7.12201 1.85501 5.99951 0.81849
0.29091 7.18344 1.85294 7.00823 0.84525
0.28926 7.20389 1.85089 6.08352 0.8227
0.2876 7.26541 1.85293 6.12558 0.82271
0.2843 7.30639 1.85292 6.16763 0.82272
0.2843 7.36786 1.85291 6.20962 0.82552
0.28264 7.47032 1.85289 6.26567 0.82693
0.27934 7.53176 1.85082 6.30762 0.83113
0.27934 7.57274 1.85081 6.37772 0.83115
0.27934 7.63421 1.8508 6.4618 0.83256
0.27769 7.69569 1.85079 6.53186 0.83397
0.27438 7.75716 1.85077 6.6159 0.83679
0.27438 7.8186 1.84871 6.71397 0.8396
0.27438 7.92106 1.84869 6.79805 0.84102
0.27438 8.02347 1.84661 6.89611 0.84383
0.27438 8.06441 1.84455 6.95222 0.84245
0.27107 8.16691 1.84658 7.07829 0.84667
0.27273 8.24888 1.84657 7.13433 0.84808
0.27107 8.3513 1.84449 7.23243 0.84949
0.27107 8.41277 1.84448 7.2885 0.84951
0.27107 8.47425 1.84447 7.42862 0.85233
0.27107 8.53572 1.84445 7.48466 0.85374
0.27107 8.5972 1.84444 7.54074 0.85375
0.27273 8.67917 1.84442 7.62485 0.85377
0.27273 8.76113 1.84441 7.69494 0.85379
0.27273 8.82261 1.84439 7.77902 0.85521
0.27273 8.86355 1.84233 7.84911 0.85522
8.94552 1.84232 7.94721 0.85664

Adhesion
Factor,α
9.02744 1.84025 8.01734 0.85526
0.99504 Find α layer 1 9.06851 1.84434 8.08743 0.85528
0.98678 Cu 50 9.15043 1.84227 8.14351 0.85529
0.97851 Cu1 49.64937 9.2324 1.84226 8.19948 0.85949
0.97025 Cu2 50.77139 9.29388 1.84224 8.26957 0.85951
0.96033 α1 0.86116 9.39633 1.84222 8.36767 0.86093
0.95372 α2 0.85124 9.45781 1.84221 8.81623 0.86243
0.94545 α 0.85806 9.53978 1.84219 8.54988 0.86237
0.93719 9.66281 1.84628 8.60592 0.86378
0.92893 Find α layer 2 9.66268 1.84011 8.66203 0.86239
0.91901 Cu 50 9.7242 1.84216 8.74614 0.86241
0.90744 Cu1 49.64937 9.80617 1.84214 8.8863 0.86384
0.89752 Cu2 50.77139 9.88813 1.84212 8.94237 0.86385
0.88926 α1 0.86116 9.01246 0.86387
0.88099 α2 0.85124 9.06854 0.86388
0.87273 α 0.85806 9.12461 0.8639
0.86116 9.18069 0.86391
0.85124 Find α layer 3 9.23676 0.86392
0.84132 Cu 50 9.27882 0.86393
0.83306 Cu1 49.64937 9.33489 0.86395
0.82479 Cu2 50.77139 9.40498 0.86396
0.81653 α1 0.86116 9.47508 0.86398
0.80496 α2 0.85124 9.55919 0.864
0.79504 α 0.85806 9.62928 0.86401
0.78512 Find α layer 4 9.69934 0.86543
0.77521 Cu 50 9.76943 0.86544
0.76529 Cu1 49.64937 9.81149 0.86545
0.75868 Cu2 50.77139 9.85355 0.86546
0.75041 α1 0.86116 9.92364 0.86548
0.74215 α2 0.85124 9.99373 0.86549
0.73223 α 0.85806
0.72397 Find α layer 5
0.71736 Cu 50
0.71074 Cu1 49.64937
0.70083 Cu2 50.77139
0.69256 α1 0.86116
0.68595 α2 0.85124
0.67769 α 0.85806
0.66942 Find α layer 6
0.66281 Cu 0
0.65455 Cu1 #N/A
0.64628 Cu2 #N/A
0.63636 α1 #N/A
0.62645 α2 #N/A
0.61818 α #N/A
0.61157 Find α layer 7
0.60496 Cu 0
0.59174 Cu1 #N/A
0.58512 Cu2 #N/A
0.57355 α1 #N/A
0.56529 α2 #N/A
0.46281 α #N/A
0.55207 Find α layer 8
0.5438 Cu 0
0.53554 Cu1 #N/A
0.53223 Cu2 #N/A
0.52562 α1 #N/A
0.52066 α2 #N/A
0.51405 α #N/A
0.50579 Find α layer 9
0.50083 Cu 0
0.49256 Cu1 #N/A
0.4876 Cu2 #N/A
0.47934 α1 #N/A
0.47273 α2 #N/A
0.46612 α #N/A
0.4562 Find α layer 10
0.44793 Cu 0
0.44298 Cu1 #N/A
0.43636 Cu2 #N/A
0.42975 α1 #N/A
0.42314 α2 #N/A
0.41653 α #N/A
0.40826
0.40661 Find α layer 5
0.39835 Cu 50
0.39504 Cu1 49.64937
0.38678 Cu2 50.77139
0.38347 α1 0.86116
0.37521 α2 0.85124
0.3719 α 0.85806
0.36694
0.36198
0.35702
0.35207
0.34711
0.34545
0.33884
0.33554
0.33223
0.32562
0.32231
0.32066
0.31405
0.31405
0.31074
0.30744
0.30248
0.30248
0.29752
0.29256
0.29091
0.28926
0.2876
0.2843
0.2843
0.28264
0.27934
0.27934
0.27934
0.27769
0.27438
0.27438
0.27438
0.27438
0.27438
0.27107
0.27273
0.27107
0.27107
0.27107
0.27107
0.27107
0.27273
0.27273
0.27273
0.27273
 Modulus sof Subgrade Reaction for Granular Soils, Nh

N Range of Nh(MN/m^3)
SN Soil type (blows/30
L1/T 0.3 cm)
(L1/T)1 0.24667 Dry Submerged
(L1/T)2 0.3166 1 Very loose sand 0-4 <0.4 <0.2
m1 0.44159 2 Loose Sand 4-10 0.4-2.5 0.2-1.4
m2 0.44859 3 Medium Sand 10-35 2.5-7.5 1.4-5.0
m 0.446928 4 Dense sand >35 7.5-20 5.0-12.0

N Dry Submerged Dry

<4 0.4 0.2 N 10
4 0.4 0.2 N1 10
10 2.5 1.4 N2 35
35 7.5 5 Nh1 2.5
>35 20 12 Nh2 7.5
Nh 2.5
Modulus of Subgrade Reaction for Cohesive Soil, K1, KN/m^3
Unconfined Compression Range of
SN Soil Consistency Strength,qu KN/m^2 K1,MN/m^3
1 Soft 25-50 4.5-9.0
2 Medium stiff 50-100 9.0-18.0
3 Stiff 100-200 18.0-36.0
4 Very Stiff 200-300 36.0-72.0
5 Hard >400 >72.0

qu K1 qu 24
25 4.5 (qu)1 #N/A
50 9 (qu)2 #N/A
100 18 (K1)1 #N/A
200 36 (K1)2 #N/A
300 72 K1 0
>400 72
Submerged
10
10
35
1.4
5
1.4 MN/m^3

MN/m^3
N>=60 Treated as Weathered Rock

Minimum Main Reinforcement

in Pile Case
0.4% Of X-sectional area of
Minimum Longitudinal pile,Provided throughout the
Reinforcement in Pile = length of Pile
Clear Cover to main
Reinforcement 50mm from all the side
Spacing of main reinforcement
4 times the size of Aggregates.
Links of Spiral
Minimum Diameter of links 8mm
Minimum Spacing 150mm
Stiffner Rings
Diameter of Rings 16mm
Spacing 1.5m

Pile Cap Design Basis

1
Load from the column is
dispersed at 45degree to mid
depth of Pile Cap
2

Deep enough to allow

anchorage of reinforcement of
column and pile reinforcement
3 Pile Cap should be rigid enough
to distribute equally
4

In case of large cap differential

settlement may occur due
consideration should be Made
for such Moment
5
The Minimum Clear overhang of
pile cap from the outermost pile
should be 150mm
6 Cap should be cast over 75mm
Levelled Concrete
7
The Embedment of pile into pile
cap should be minimum 75mm
8 Minimum clear cover in pile cap
60mm