BELTEI International University Subject: Khmer Studies

Faculty of Foundation Year Year I; Semester I

Part A: (Word-Watching)

Match the words with the correct definitions below.

0. Colony (n) A/ a country controlled politically by a more powerful and often distant country
1. Decipher (v) B/ the support given to an organization by someone
2. Patronage (n) C/ to discover the meaning of something written badly or in a difficult
3. Hierarchy (n) D/ a system in which people or things are arranged according to their importance
4. Meritorious (adj) E/ deserving great praise
5. Invader (n) F/ the study of changes in the number of births, marriages, deaths, etc.
6. Protectorate (n) G/ a country which is controlled and defended by a more powerful country
7. Devastated (adj) H/ a country ruled by a dictator
8. Demography (n) I/ an army or country that uses force to enter and take control of another country
9. Succumb (v) J/ to lose the determination to oppose something; to accept defeat
10. Dictatorship (n) K/ completely destroyed

Part A: Match the word with the correct definition below.

0. Prehistory a. the scientific study of the universe and of objects which exist naturally in space
1. Slash-and-burn b. relating to a type of farming that involves cutting and burning trees, crops, etc.
2. Scattered c. the set of political principles by which a state or organization is governed
3. Motif d. the period of human history before there were written records of events
4. Conqueror e. the study of the relationships between people living in groups
5. Constitution f. an idea that is used many times in a piece of writing or music
6. Archeology g. the study of the buildings, graves , tools and other objects
7. Pantheon h. someone who has conquered a country or its people
8. Astronomy i. the use of images and symbols to represent ideas
9. Iconography j. a small group of people who are the most famous
10. Sociology k. covering a wide area

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BELTEI International University Subject: Khmer Studies
Faculty of Foundation Year Year I; Semester I

Part B: (Multiple-Choice)

Choose the correct answer “a, b, c, or d” and then write in the box provided below.

0. Cambodian kings tried both alternatives in the ……………………...

a. nineteenth century b. seventeenth century c. eighteen century d. first century
1. The regime of the State of Cambodia (SOC), formerly the People’s Republic of Kampuchea(PRK),
which lasted from ……………………, committed itself to the patronage of Vietnam.
a. 1975-1992 b. 1979-1991 c. 1975-1995 d. 1974-1979
2. A UN protectorate …………….. neutralized the contending foreign patrons of Cambodia by
removing it from Cold War rivalries.
a. 1991-1995 b. 1989-1993 c. 1991-1993 d. 1992-1993
3. In the late …………… Cambodia and Vietnam joined the Association of Southeast Asian Nations.
a. 1991s b. 1992s c. 1993s d. 1995s
4. After a brief taste of independence under King Duang (……………….), the kingdom succumbed to
French protection.
a. 1848-1860 b. 1848-1875 c. 1864-1880 d. 1648-1680
5. Economy, political independence, and foreign exchange throughout the ………………. came from
earnings on the export of rice, rubber, and corn.
a. 1953-1960 b. 1950-1960 c. 1950-1963 d. 1950-1965
6. In fact it was this very king, Indravarman (………………….) who himself was a usurper, which may
account for his muddled genealogy.
a. 877-898 b. 877-889 c. 787-889 d. 878-889
7. Indravarman’s son, Yasovarman, who reigned from …………………, was an important king.
a. 898-910 b. 889-910 c. 889-912 d. 878-980
8. Yasodharapura, the “city” of Angkor, bore his name until it was abandoned in the …….
a. 1502s b. 1500s c. 1522s d. 1544s
9. Yasovarman died around ………………... He was succeeded in turn by two of his sons.
a. 912 b. 910 c. 901 d. 915
10. By ………….. a brother of one of Yasovarman’s wives was established in a rival city at Koh Ker.
a. 912 b. 921 c. 219 d. 192

Part B: Chose the correct answer “a, b, c, or d” and then write in the box provided below.

0. Cambodian kings tried both alternatives in the ……………………...

a. nineteenth century b. seventeenth century c. eighteen century d. first century

1. Farming was introduced into Cambodia about ……………………………….

a. 2230 BC b. 6403 BC c. 2300 BC d. 3200 BC
2. From ……………………, Cambodians started to domesticate animals and grow rice.
a. 1000 BC b. 2200 BC c. 2000 BC d. 2520 BC
3. By …………….., Cambodians were making iron tools.
a. 500 BC b. 600 BC c. 400 BC d. 300 BC
4. Vietnam was conquered by the Chinese in ……………….
a. 121 BC b. 112 BC c. 101 BC d. 111 BC

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BELTEI International University Subject: Khmer Studies
Faculty of Foundation Year Year I; Semester I
5. According to modern scholars, a foreigner named "Huntian" established the Kingdom of Funan around
the ……………………
a. 1st century CE b. 2nd century CE c. 3rd century CE d. 4th century CE
6. Malleret believed that the port declined in importance in the ……………………………….
a. third century b. fourth century c. fifth century d. sixth century
7. The first humans in Cambodia were Stone Age …………………………..
a. hunters b. fishermen c. gatherers d. both a & c
8. Prehistoric Cambodia is sparsely known.
a. 7000 BC b. 400 to 250 BC c. 1500BC d. 500 to 320 BC
9. Many scholars place the date of Funan Kingdom in ……………………………
a. 100-445 AD b. 100-520 AD c. 100-545 AD d. 100-556 AD
10. Tools and weapons made from bronze about ………………………
a. 1500 BC b. 1350 BC c. 1200 BC d. 1550 BC

Part B: Chose the correct answer “a, b, c, or d” and then write in the box provided below.

0. Scholars usually place the Angkorean period of Cambodian history between …………………...
a. 820-1431 b. 802-1431 c. 803-1431 d. 801-1431
1. By ………….. a brother of one of Yasovarman’s wives was established in a rival city at Koh Ker.
a. 912 b. 921 c. 219 d. 192
2. Yasovarman died around ………………... He was succeeded in turn by two of his sons.
a. 912 b. 901 c. 910 d. 915
3. Yasodharapura, the “city” of Angkor, bore his name until it was abandoned in the ……………….
a. 1500s b. 1501s c. 1522s d. 1544s
4. Indravarman’s son, Yasovarman, who reigned from …………………, was an important king.
a. 898-910 b. 889-910 c. 889-912 d. 878-980
5. In fact it was this very king, Indravarman (………………….) who himself was a usurper, which may
account for his muddled genealogy.
a. 877-898 b. 877-889 c. 787-889 d. 878-889
6. Jayavarman II’s son, Jayavarman III, came to the throne young, hunted elephants, and died after
ruling “wisely” in ………………...
a. 875 b. 876 c. 787 d. 877
7. Claude Jacques has argued that Jayavarman II arrived (or returned) from a place called Java
around ……………….. when he was about twenty years old.
a. 707 b. 770 c. 772 d. 775
8. The Angkor complex was “discovered” by French missionaries and explorers in the …………...
a. 1581s b. 1854s c. 1852s d. 1850s
9. Indravarman I developed Hariharalaya further by constructed Bakong circa ……………..
a. 880 b. 879 c. 881 d. 882
10. Preah Ko completed in ……., inaugurated what is now called the Roluos style of Cambodian architecture.
a. 877 b. 879 c. 881 d. 890

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BELTEI International University Subject: Khmer Studies
Faculty of Foundation Year Year I; Semester I

Part C: (True/False statement)

Write T for true statement and F for false statement in the box below provided.

0. In 928, when the reigning king died at Yasodharapura, the Koh Ker ruler proclaimed himself king
with the title Jayavarman IV.
1. After Jayavarman IV’s death in 942, one of his sons reigned briefly, and in 944 one of his nephews
(on his mother’s side, a nephew of Yasovarman as well), returned to Yasodharapura as King
Rajendravarman II.
2. Rajendravarman died in 968 and was succeed by his son Jayavarman V.
3. In 1916, when the region was heavily wooded, the temple was discovered by a French surveying party.
4. Inscriptions play down Jayavarman V’s role as a builder of temple-monuments.
5. It is possible also that Indians had introduced cattle raising in Cambodia at a relatively early date; it
is unknown, to a great extent, in the rest of mainland Southeast Asia.
6. Indianization never produced the identity crisis among Cambodians that Chinese colonization and
cultural imperialism produced among the Vietnamese.
7. From the second century AD onwards, the coastal people of Southeast Asia were visited by the
Chinese and the Indians.
8. Many Indian-type kingdoms arose in Southeast Asia.
9. Vietnam was conquered by the Chinese in 113 BC and ruled that country for the next 1000 years.
10. By the sixth century AD, Funan had grown into an empire.

Part C: Write T for true statement and F for false statement in the box provided below.

0. The first humans in Cambodia were Stone Age hunters and gatherers.

1. Languages belonging to the Mon-Khmer family are found widely scattered over mainland Southeast

Asia as well as in some of the islands and in parts of India.

2. From the first century AD onwards, the coastal people of Southeast Asia were visited by the Chinese

and the Indians.

3. The peoples of mainland and insular Southeast Asia were responding to the stimulus of a civilization of

northern India.

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BELTEI International University Subject: Khmer Studies
Faculty of Foundation Year Year I; Semester I
4. Malleret believed that the port declined in importance in the fourth century.

5. Indian influence in Cambodia was not imposed by colonization or by force.

6. Chinese colonization and cultural imperialism produced among the Vietnamese.

7. Óc Eo was linked to a port on the coast and to Angkor Borei by a system of canals.

8. Funan was a Hindu kingdom founded in the first century AD with its capital Vyadhapura.

9. Lastly influences from India came in 100 BC.

10. Prehistoric Cambodia is Laang Spean around 7000 BC.

Part C: Write T for true statement and F for false statement in the box below provided.

0. In 928, when the reigning king died at Yasodharapura, the Koh Ker ruler proclaimed himself king
with the title Jayavarman IV.
1. Suryavarman expanded the territory under Longvek control, colonizing the western end of the Tonle
Sap with new religious foundations.
2. Suryavarman won his final battle, an inscription tells us, “from a king surrounded by other kings.”
3. Vickery suggested that Suryavarman had powerful allies among the priestly families that dominated the
government at Angkor.
4. As Michael Vickery has recently shown, however, Suryavarman was almost certainly a Cambodian
member of an elite family with links to the northeastern part of the kingdom.
5. In the north, a prince calling himself Suryavarman, later to be king as SuryavarmanII, was mentioned in
several inscriptions.
6. Jayavarman V’s death in 1003 ushered in a turbulent and destructive period.
7. Inscriptions play down Jayavarman V’s role as a builder of temple-monuments.
8. In 1916, when the region was heavily wooded, the temple was discovered by a French surveying party.
9. Rajendravarman died in 968 and was succeed by his son Jayavarman VI.
10. After Jayavarman IV’s death in 941, one of his sons reigned briefly, and in 944 one of his nephews
(on his mother’s side, a nephew of Yasovarman as well), returned to Yasodharapura as King
Rajendravarman II.

Part D: (Reading Passage Completion)

Use the correct words in the box to complete in the blank below provided.

a. Merchants b. indianized c. capital d. splendor e. Southeast Asian

f. Christian Era g. India h. ancient i. Siem Reap j. centuries k. Yasodharapura

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BELTEI International University Subject: Khmer Studies
Faculty of Foundation Year Year I; Semester I
Cambodia is one of the countries of Southeast Asia, which has maintained close relation with 0……………
since the beginning of the 1…………….. The arrival of Indian 2 ………….and panditas has enriched the
culture of this country. In 3……………..times the country was known as Kambujadesa. Isanapura was its
capital in the seventh century A.D. From the ninth to thirteenth centuries the Angkor Empire flourished with
its 4 …………near the present day town of 5……………... The capital was known as 6……………….as it
was founded by the King Yasovarman. This 7………..state has gradually extended from the first
8………….of our era to the thirteenth century. The Angkor Empire covered a vast area to be known as the
present day Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam and Laos. The 9………..of the Sanskrit culture still remains in
these 10……………………countries.

Part D: Use the correct words in the box to complete in the blank below provided.

a. fascinating b. civilized c. bronze d. sophisticated e. humans

f. Khmer Empire g. farming h. stone tools i. gatherers j. civilization k. Chinese

Cambodia has a rich and 0_________ history. The first1______ in Cambodia were Stone Age hunters and
2______. However, 3________ was introduced into Cambodia about 2,300 BC. The first farmers in Cambodia
used 4_________ but from about 1,500 BC the Cambodians used tools and weapons made from 5________.
By about 500 BC they had learned to use iron. The first 6_________ in the area arose about 150 AD in the
Mekong River delta in South Vietnam. This civilization was known to the 7________ who called it Fu-nan. While
Fu-nan was trading with the Chinese Cambodian society grew more 8________. Settlements grew larger. So did
kingdoms. By the beginning of the 7th century AD all of Cambodia was highly 9_________. At first Cambodia
was divided into rival states. However, at the beginning of the 9th century a king named Jayavarman II founded
the 10__________ in Cambodia.

Part D: Use the correct words in the box to complete in the blank below provided. (20 marks)

a. excavations b. canals c. existence d. commercial society e. inscriptions

f. Oc-Eo g. flourished h. Angkor Borei i. Zhenla j. Hindu temples k. Funan

The Khmer Kingdom (Funan)

Early Chinese writers referred to a kingdom in Cambodia that they called 0…………. Modern-day archaeological
findings provide evidence of a 1………………. centered on the Mekong Delta that 2………… from the 1st
century to the 6th century. Among these findings are 3………… of a port city from the 1st century, located in the

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BELTEI International University Subject: Khmer Studies
Faculty of Foundation Year Year I; Semester I
region of 4………… in what is now southern Vietnam. Served by a network of 5…………., the city was an
important trade link between India and China. Ongoing excavations in southern Cambodia have revealed the
6…………… of another important city near the present-day village of 7……………. A group of inland kingdoms,
known collectively to the Chinese as 8…………., flourished in the 6th and 7th centuries from southern Cambodia
to southern Laos. The first stone 9…………….. in the Khmer language and the first brick and stone 10……… in
Cambodia date from the Zhenla period.

Part E: (Questions and Answers)

Generally, based on from what you have just learned, write briefly about Cambodia Historical Era.

1. What had happened when the former king was titled Prince Norodom Sihanouk from 1955 to 1970?
2. The absence of inherited riches cited by Cruz is a vivid example of royal interference in everyday life.
What did he tell about the social event during the Lonvek period?
3. Briefly tell the myth connected with the founding of Phnom Penh.
4. According to the Khmer chronicles, what happened when a Cambodian king married a Vietnamese
princess in the 1630?
5. Write briefly about “Thai cannon fired silver coins, rather than shells, into the bamboo
hedges that served as Lovek’s fortifications.”
6. What are the four traditions of the Angkorean institution?

Part E: Generally, based on from what you have just learned, write briefly about Cambodia

Historical Era.

1. What were the integral elements in local Southeast Asian cultures absorbed, revised, or rejected?
2. Why were Philippines and Vietnam not under Indian cultural influence?
3. What were the factors of Go-Oc-Eo port that made Funan become flourished?
4. Why had so many Cambodians forgotten it, or remembered it primarily as myth? Write at least four
reasons then explain.
5. Write briefly about the history of Huntian and Liuye.

Part E: Generally, based on from what you have just learned, write briefly during the Angkorean

and Long Vek era.

1. What are the four political careers of Jayavarman II?

2. What are the five possible reasons which made Khmer people abandoned Angkor?
3. What happened in 770 AD to 802 AD? Briefly describe about King Jayavarman II.
4. What are the five phases of Indravarman’s reign?

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BELTEI International University Subject: Khmer Studies
Faculty of Foundation Year Year I; Semester I
5. Write briefly the myth connected with Neak Ta Kleoung Moeung.
6. Describe briefly about King Rajendravarman II.
7. Briefly tell the myth connected with the “Thai cannon fired silver coins, rather than shells, into the bamboo
hedges that served as Lovek’s fortifications.”

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