Revised IEEE std.

C57-104
Evaluation of transformer condition using individual and TDCG
concentrations
• Condition 1: TDCG below this level indicates the transformer is
operating satisfactorily. Any individual combustible gas exceeding
specified levels should prompt additional investigation.
• Condition 2: TDCG within this range indicates greater than normal
combustible gas level. Any individual combustible gas exceeding
specified levels should prompt additional investigation. Action
should be taken to establish the trend. Faults may be present.
• Condition 3: TDCG within this range indicates a high level of
decomposition. Any individual combustible gas exceeding specified
levels should prompt additional investigation. Immediate action
should be taken to establishing a trend. Faults are probably present.
• Condition 4: TDCG exceeding the value indicates excessive
decomposition. Continued operation could result in failure of the
transformer. Proceed immediately and with caution.
 Dissolved key gas concentration limits(uL/L(ppm)2
Status Hydrogen Methane Acetylene Ethylene Ethane Carbon Carbon TDCG
Monoxide Dioxide

H2 CH4 C2H2 C2H4 C2H6 CO CO2

Condition 1 100 120 1 50 65 350 2500 720

Condition 2 101- 121-400 2-9 51-100 66-100 351- 2500- 721-
700 570 4000 1920
Condition 3 701- 401-1000 10-35 101-200 101- 571- 4001- 1921-
1800 150 1400 10000 4630
Condition 4 >1800 >1000 >35 >200 >150 >1400 >10000 >4630
 Actions Based on TCG
TCG Levels TCG Rate Sampling intervals and operating procedures for gas generation rates
(%/day)
Sampling Interval Operating Procedures

Condition 4 >=5 >0.03 Daily Consider removal from service.

Advise manufacture.
0.01 to 0.03 Daily
<0.01 Weekly Exercise extreme caution. Analyze for
individual gases.
Plan Outage.
Advise Manufacturer.
Condition 3 >=2 to <5 >0.03 Weekly Exercise extreme caution. Analyze for
individual gases.
0.01 to 0.03 Weekly
Plan Outage.
Monthly Advise Manufacturer.
<0.01
Condition 2 >=0.5 to <2 >0.03 Monthly Exercise extreme caution.
Analyze for individual gases.
0.01 to 0.03 Monthly
Determine load dependence.
<0.01 Quarterly
Condition 1 <0.5 >0.03 Monthly Exercise caution.
Analyze for individual gases.
Determine load dependence.
0.01 to 0.03

Quarterly Continue normal operation.

<0.01
Annual
 Actions Based on TDCG
TDCG Levels TDCG Levels Sampling intervals and operating procedures for
(uL/L) (uL/L/day) gas generation rates
Sampling Interval Operating Procedures

Condition 4 >4630 >30 Daily Consider removal from service.

Advise manufacture.
10 to 30 Daily
<10 Weekly Exercise extreme caution.
Analyze for individual gases.
Plan Outage.
Advise Manufacturer.
Condition 3 1921 to 4630 >30 Weekly Exercise extreme caution.
Analyze for individual gases.
10 to 30 Weekly
Plan Outage.
Monthly Advise Manufacturer.
<10
Condition 2 721 to 1920 >30 Monthly Exercise caution.
Analyze for individual gases.
10 to 30 Monthly
Determine load dependence.
<10 Quarterly
Condition 1 <= 720 >30 Monthly Exercise caution.
Analyze for individual gases.
Determine load dependence.
10 to 30

Quarterly Continue normal operation.

<10
Annual
DGA results in course of operation of
GSU transformer, Poland
 Hazards for transformer operation originated with particles in oil.
Step up transformer 240 MVA,220/15.75 kV with 24 Years of
operation.
DGA performed every year suggested sparking of low energy inside the
transformer tank.
Their presence was probably form cooling system (metallic) and from
remnants after the tank sand blasting.