ISLAMIC STUDIES

SPRING SESSION 2021

Name: Maarusha Imran
Registration# SP21-BAF-029

SESSIONAL# 02
QUESTION# 01
DIFFICULTIES FACED MY PROPHET (PBUH) IN MADINA AND LESSON LEARNED
The period of Prophet Mohammad’s (PBUH) life before the migration (Hijrat) from Mecca to
Madinah is called the Makki Period. Three years passed since the Holy Prophet’s first revelation.
He had been preaching the word of Allah to his close friends and relatives, and by that time,
forty righteous people had embraced Islam. When the command came to preach publicly, The
Holy Prophet gathered the Quraish at the Safa hill and told them about the unity of Allah and
his Prophethood. But the Quraish dispersed in fury and resentment.

The Quraish realized that if they dont take any strict measures against this call, it would be
accepted by many. Therefore, they began persecuting the Prophet PBUH and his followers. It
was the worst trial for early converts and poor ones; they were starved, beaten and
imprisoned. They were not ready to accept these reforms because by doing this there
socioeconomic and political status was at risk. Few of them among non-believers were
convinced in their heart e.g. Abu Jahal, but they refused to accept the divine light for the sake
of a worldly affair. They became harsh and inhuman to the Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) and His
followers. The new Muslims were often subjected to abuse and maltreatment. Hazrat
Sumayyah bint Khabbab (RA) and her husband Hazrat Yasir Ben Amir (RA) were tortured so
much that Hazrat Sumayyah (RA) lost her life. She was the first martyr for Islam. Hazrat Bilal
(RA) and Hazrat Khabbab ibn al-Aratt (RA) were tortured for the same reason. Abu Lahab's wife
Umme Jamil would regularly dump filth outside the door of the Prophet Mohammad (PBUH)’s
house. When Islam began to spread the Makkans asked Abu Talib, the uncle, and protector of
the Prophet Mohammad (PBUH), to hand him over to them for execution but he steadfastly
refused. Seeing the Prophet PBUH lose protection, the Quraish increased their attacks on the
Prophet PBUH, and in order to search an avenue for support, he set out for Taif with Zaib bin
Haris. When they approached Taif, the Prophet PBUH told them about Allah and Islamic
teachings, but none responded them favourably. Instead the people of Taif violently drove
them out of the city with stones being thrown at them due to which they were injured. At the
same time the Quraish were sparing no chance to oppose the believers too inferior to stand up
against them. Consequently, the Migration to Yasrib was considered. The lesson is that one
shall obey justice and resist injustice. Be steadfast and super positive even at the lowest
moment and strive to please Allah first and believe in Him.

QUESTION# 02
FIVE PRIMARY OBLIGATIONS OF ISLAM

The 5 Obligations in Islam (also referred to as "Pillars of Islam") are the things that every
Muslim must do:

1. Say the Shahada (Shahada means Testimony/Oath. It is the Testimony/Oath of Faith in

Islam in which a Muslim says in Arabic " I bear witness that there is no god, but Allah, and
Mohammad is a Messenger of Allah"). It is required to be said by a Muslim at least once in a life
time.

This pillar reminds the Muslims of the purpose of their life which is to worship Allah Almighty
alone. It produces a high degree of self-respect and confidence while remaining humble and
modest.

2. Perform the 5 daily required Prayers.

Prayer enriches the soul by giving peace and contentment. It purifies the heart from the
effects of indolence and sin by providing a continuous opportunity for communication with
Allah and for repentance.

3. Pay the Zakat (required annual charitable donation based on certain criteria).

Zakat teaches us to share what Allah Almighty has granted us to take care of those who are
less fortunate. It increases wealth and allows it to be blessed

4. Fast the whole month of Ramadan.

Fasting develops willpower and teaches patience. It is a way of recognizing the blessings of
Allah Almighty that surround us but we don’t give them importance.

5. Perform Pilgrimage in Mecca once in a life-time, if the Muslim is capable physically and

financially.

Hajj emphasizes the Islamic characteristics of unity and equality among Muslims while at the
same time proclaiming the absolute unity of Allah. The Hajj is a weighty spiritual and emotional
event that remains a part of the believer for the rest of his/ her life.
 QUESTION# 03

THREATS MUSLIMS FACED IN THE NEW ISLAMIC STATE OF MADINA

Among the rank of muslims particularly in Medina there was a sort of jealousy, because instead
of choosing their local-clan leader, all the citizen choose Muhammad. This so-called Hypocrites
or Munafiqun were one of the challenges within the rank of Islam itself. This hypocrites
sometimes aided by some Jews (not all jews) who somehow disrespect Muhammad’s
leadership. These two kind of people were the biggest difficulties Muhammad had to faced
within his time in Medina!

Another challenges perhaps as mentioned in the previous passage regarding the Pact of Medina
that there are threats from outside, i.e. The Makkah people who thirst for finding their own
traitor-labeled citizen. Thus begun the war between the Muslim Army who want to defend
themselves against the Makkah Army and culminated in the War of Trench when Makkah allies
with the Jews and Hypocrites to obliterated Islam from within and by force.