CYCLIZATION

What is cyclization?

1. NAZAROV cyclization reaction is a chemical reaction used in organic chemistry for the

synthesis of cyclopentenones. (It consists of the 2 functional groups ketones & alkenes).
2. It involves the activation of a divinyl ketone using a Lewis acid or protic acid promoter.
3. Basic meaning is formation of one or more rings In chemical compound.

Radical cyclization:

1. Organic chemical transformations that yield cyclic products through radical intermediates.
2. There are 3 basic steps.
A. Selective radical generation:
- This can be achieved at the carbons bound to variety of the functional groups & there
are numerous reagents for radical generation.
B. Radical cyclisation:
- This step involves the attack of the radical on the multiple bonds.
C. Conversion of the cyclized radical to product:
-  cyclized radicals are quenched through the action of a radical scavenger, a
fragmentation process, or an electron-transfer reaction. 

Three conditions must be met for an efficient radical cyclization to take place:

 A method must be available to generate a radical selectively on the substrate.

 Radical cyclization must be faster than trapping of the initially formed radical.
 All steps must be faster than undesired side reactions such as radical recombination or
reaction with solvent.