Professional Documents
Culture Documents
.
Refractory materials, as they are used in kiln building, fall
into six categories:
• Firebrick
• Insulating Firebrick
• Castables
• Mortars
• Fibers
• Special Materials
• Refractory materials are divided into five main
groups:
3.Nitrates: ion composed of one nitrogen and three oxygen atoms (NO−3).
4.Borides: In chemistry a boride is a chemical compound between boron and a
less electronegative element.
5.Elements: A chemical element is a pure chemical substance consisting of
one type of atom distinguished by its atomic number, which is the number of protons
in its nucleus. The term is also used to refer to a pure chemical substance composed
of atoms with the same number of protons.[1] Common examples of elements are
iron, copper, silver, gold, hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen.
Reference: Wikipedia
Clay is the most common refractory material found in nature.
• Fireclay
(Fireclay) a generic term that refers to a refractory clay.
Usually fireclays contain some iron impurities.
Med/Light duty fireclays have a PCE of about 27. Cedar Heights Fireclay
Super duty fireclays can melt as high as cone 32. Hawthorne Bond
There are Hundreds of different kinds of fireclays available, chemically they vary quite a bit.
Fireclay Bricks / Firebrick
Firebrick is broad term, it refers to a brick
made of primarily fireclay, these bricks vary greatly.
• Firebricks have a high thermal-conductivity, so they absorb and store a lot of heat.
(inefficient)
4. Low Duty, 28 and down PCE -generally do not want to use as post
(2,900 -+ Degrees F.)
Scope: Chemical Analysis (Wt.% - Calcined Basis)
A super duty fireclay brick with excellent resistance SiO2 53.56
to abrasion, spalling, and chemical attack. It will find Al2O3 42.10
use in general service applications where a super TiO2 1.96
duty brick is required. Fe2O3 1.17
MgO 0.10
P2O5 .50
PCE: 33 - 34 Alkalies .61
Product Data
Medium duty
Scope: Chemical Analysis (Wt.% - Calcined Basis)
Power pressed, to insure dense, strong brick. SiO2 59.90
Designed to satisfy requirements for Al2O3 32.90
intermediate (moderate) duty service TiO2 1.48
Fe2O3 1.97
CaO 0.57
MgO 0.89
PCE: 29 Alkalies & Trace Elements 2.29
PCE: 14—15
A.S.G. 2.64
Firebricks are generally manufactured by:
• Organic material
is burned out.
• US Standard Straight- 9” x 4 ½” x 2 ½”
• European Standard Straight- 9” x 4 ½” x 3”
• K-20
• K-23 about $2.50/brick
• BNZ-23HS
• K-26
• TC-26 HS
• JM-28
• JM-30
http://www.morganthermalceramics.com/files/datasheets/6_1-14-3lowtempifb.pdf
K ®-23, TC™-23, IFB 23 Tile, K-25
Physical Properties K-23 TC-23 IFB 23 Tile K-25
Recommended Hot Face use limit,°F (°C) 2300 (1260) 2300 (1260) 2300 (1260) 2500 (1371)
Density, ASTM C 134
K-23
lb/9" straight (kg) 1.93 (0.87) 1.9 (0.85) 2.2 (1.0) 2.3 (1.05)
pcf (kg/m3) 31 - 35 (497-560) 30 - 36 (480 - 576) 37 (593) 38 - 41 (593-641)
Melting temperature,°F 2750 (1510) 2750 (1510) 2750 (1510) 2800 (1538)
Modulus of rupture, ASTM C 133
psi (MPa) 115 (0.79) 105 (0.72) 105 (0.72) 135 (0.93)
Cold crushing strength, ASTM C 133
psi (MPa) 145 (1.0) 125 (0.86) 125 (0.86) 200 (1.38)
Permanent linear change, %, per ASTM C 210
@ 2250°F (1232°C) 0 to -0.1 -0.2 0 to -0.1 -
@ 2450°F (1343°C) - - - -0.3
Deformation under hot load, % @ 10 psi, ASTM C 16
11⁄2 hr @ 2000°F (1093°C) 0 0.1 0 0
11⁄2 hr @ 2200°F (1204°C) 0.3 - - 0.1
Coefficeint of thermal expansion
in/in°Fx10-6 3 3 - 3.1
Chemical Analysis, %
Alumina, Al2O3 38 38 38.5 46
Silica, SiO2 45 45 47.5 37.5
Ferric oxide, Fe2O3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3
Titanium oxide, TiO2 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.4
Calcium oxide, CaO 15 15 11 14
Magnesium oxide, MgO 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1
Alkalies, as, Na2O and K2O 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.4
Standard Sizes*
Insulating Board
• K-FAC Board
-Mineral Board
-Low cost
• Vermiculite Board
• Trowels nicely
• long shelf life
• Working temp up to 3000 degrees F
• You can find a mix that is comparable to any brick you can buy.
Ceramic Fiber
• Ceramic fiber products:
Silica-Alumina ( kaolin based )