Student booklet Course 9 - Chapter 10 - Sections A, B, C and D

Contents
Section A

Goal: Talkt about moral dilemmas...................................................................................03

Grammar. The unreal conditional.............................................................................. 06

Section B

Goal: Give personal items back. .....................................................................................12

Grammar. Possessive pronouns / Whose............................................................12

Section C

Goal: Discuss your values...................................................................................................... 18

Vocabulary. Express personal values.................................................................... 18

Section D

Goal: Be kind and honest.......................................................................................................26

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Chapter 10, Section A

Goal:
Talk about moral dilemmas.
Preview. Do you like to go shopping? How often do you go shopping for clothes?

Conversation: What should they do?

1.

Tom is buying a biology book. And the book

he chose has the wrong price. It costs less
than the others and it’s the same book.

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Chapter 10, Section A

2.

Ana went to a restroom in a restaurant and

found an expensive watch near the sink.

3.

Bob ordered one tablet online, but when

he opened the delivery box, they sent him
two tablets.

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Chapter 10, Section A

Conversation: Useful language

Idiom Meaning
It’s going to cost me an arm and a leg. It’s going to cost me a lot of money.

Let’s split. Let’s leave.

Put yourself in the owner’s shoes. Imagine the owner’s point of view.

For him it is just a drop in the bucket. For him it is a small amount of money.

I couldn’t face myself. I would feel bad about it.

Practice. Read the moral dilemmas. Do you agree or disagree? Why?

Moral Dilemma Agree Disagree

Pamela went shopping for a pair of shoes but the shoes

she wanted were very expensive, so she changed the
price tag for another one with a lower price.

Mike found a gold ring on his desk, he is going to look

for the owner.

Pam is not telling the waiter that the bill is wrong because
if she tells the waiter she has to pay more.

The cashier gave Tom more change. Tom wanted to tell

the cashier but his friends said he shouldn’t. So, he didn’t.
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Chapter 10, Section A

Grammar. The unreal conditional

Meaning

Unreal conditional sentences describe the results of unreal conditions - condi-

tions that don’t exist.

unreal action or condition result (if it were true)

If I found a new cellphone in the I’d try to find the owner. (unreal: I
street, haven’t found one.)

Formation

In the if clause, use the simple past tense. For the verb be, always use were.
In the result clause, use would + a base form.

unreal action or condition result (if it were true)

If I had to choose a new car, I’d try to choose the most expensive
one. (unreal: I haven’t found one.

If they spoke French well, they’d travel to France more often.

If we stole something from a store, we would feel terrible.

If my dad were a rich man, he wouldn’t live here.

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Chapter 10, Section A

unreal action or condition result (if it were true)

If I weren’t Guatemalan, I would live in another country.

If Patty didn’t speak English well, she wouldn’t have a good job.

If you were the president, what would you do?

Note: in real and unreal conditional sentences, the

clauses can occur in either order. Use a comma if
the if clause comes first.

result (if it were true) unreal action or condition

I’d try to choose the most expensive if I had to choose one.

car

They’d travel to France more often if they spoke French well.

We would feel terrible if we stole something from a store.

My dad wouldn’t live here if he were a rich man.

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Chapter 10, Section A
Practice. Check conditional sentences that describe an unreal condition.

1. If I spoke Chinese, I would travel to China.

2. If the weather is good tomorrow, I’ll go swimming.
3. If Ana were my sister, I’d help her with the housework.
4. If we have enough money, we’ll travel next month.
5. If I were you, I’d tell the truth.
6. They wouldn’t work, if they had money.
7. I won’t go to the party if it is too late.
8. He would help me if he were my friend.

Practice. Complete the following unreal conditional sentences. Use your own ideas.

1. If I were Italian,
2. If I didn’t live with my parents,
3. If I found a wallet full of money,
4. If he had a million dollars,
5. If I won the lottery,
6. I would travel around the world if
7. They would come to Guatemala if
8. My dad would buy me a BMW if
9. I wouldn’t get a tattoo if
10. Guatemala wouldn’t be a beautiful country if
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Chapter 10, Section A
Conversation.

A: Look at this. They didn’t charge us for the beverages.

B: Really? I think we’d better tell the waitress.
A: You think so?
B: Absolutely. If we didn’t tell her, it would be wrong.

Express an ethical obligation

We’d better tell

We should tell the waiter/the manager/ etc.
We ought to tell

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Chapter 10, Section A
Pronunciation

Practice saying these sentences aloud. Then answer the questions. Give com-
plete sentences

1. What would you do if the waiter didn’t charge you for the salad?
2. What would you do if you found $1000 in the street?
3. Who would you call if you were sad?
4. Where would you travel if you had a lot of money?

Ethical choices

1 They didn’t charge us 2. They undercharged

for the dessert. me.

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Chapter 10, Section A

3. They gave me too 4. They gave me more

much change. than I ordered.

Answer the questions

1. What would you do if they didn’t charge you for the dessert?
If they didn’t charge me for the dessert, I

2. What would you do if they undercharged you?

3. What would you do if they gave you too much change?

4. What would you do if they gave you more than you ordered?

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Chapter 10, Section B

Goal:
Give personal items back.

Grammar. Possessive pronouns / Whose

Possessive pronouns can replace nouns and noun phrases.

They answer questions with Whose and clarify answers to questions

with Which.

A. Whose wallet is this? B. It’s mine. (=It’s my wallet)

A. Which is his jacket? B. This one is his
A. Which is their house? B. That one is theirs.

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Chapter 10, Section B

subject possessive possessive

pronouns adjectives pronouns
I my mine

you your yours

he his his

she her hers

it its its

we our ours

they their theirs

That’s my sweater. It’s mine.

Your lunch was delicious. Yours was delicious
Is this his hat? Is this his?
She drives her car to the university. She drives hers to the university.
Those are our shoes. Those shoes are ours.
They finished their homework. They finished theirs.

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Chapter 10, Section B
The following sets of sentences illustrate how possessive pronouns provide
clarity.

1. This is my book, not your book. (Sounds repetitive)

2. This book is mine, not yours.
3. I didn’t have my book so Patty lent me her book. (Sounds repetitive)
4. I didn’t have my book, so Patty lent me hers.
5. Your motorcycle is a lot faster than my motorcycle. (Sounds repetitive)
6. Your motorcycle is a lot faster than mine.

Practice. Choose the correct answer.

1. My cat and ____ kittens are so cute.

a) its
b) my
c) mine

2. This is not my jacket. It’s _______.

a) mine
b) your
c) hers

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Chapter 10, Section B
3. Look at those shoes. ________ are nicer.
a) My
b) Yours
c) Our

4. He has _____ book. I lent it to him yesterday.

a) his
b) mine
c) my

5. Is that ________ car?

a) theirs
b) ours
c) their

6. That beautiful bag is ________.

a) your
b) my
c) hers

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Chapter 10, Section B

7. The phone is _______, but the wallet is _________.

a) her / your
b) your/ their
c) his / mine

8. Those notebooks aren’t ______.

a) ours
b) her
c) your

9. This is not ______ laptop. It is Ana’s.

a) hers
b) my
c) yours

10. Let’s meet at ______ house. Mine is too far.

a) your
b) my
c) theirs

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Chapter 10, Section B

Conversation.

A: Excuse me. I think you forgot something.

Acknowledging thanks
B: I did? Don’t mention it.
A: Isn’t this sweater his? My pleasure!
You’re welcome.
B: Oh, you’re right. It is. That’s nice of you. Not at all.
A: Don’t mention it!

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Chapter 10, Section C

Goal: Discuss your values.

Vocabulary. Express personal values.

1. old-fashioned: having, accepting, or choosing the conservative

behavior, ways, beliefs, or tastes of earlier
times: old-fashioned ideas.
My grandmother says men shouldn’t wear
earrings. I think that’s an old-fashioned idea.

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Chapter 10, Section C
2. double standard: a set of principles applied differently to one

group of people than to another.

I’m fifty and I want to get a tattoo, but my
daughter says I’m too old for getting a tattoo
that it is only for young people. What a double
standard!

3. sexist: a person with attitudes or behavior against

either men or women.
Ana’s father wants her to get married and have
children. He thinks women should stay home
and take care of it. That’s too sexist!

4. modesty: decency, good manners, appropriateness,

morality, etc.
Jenny, modesty is very important for girls. So,
please, do not wear that dress anymore. It’s too
short.

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Chapter 10, Section C
Do you agree or disagree? Express your personal values.

Statements Your opinion

1. Double standard are sometimes OK. Yes or No

Reason: _______________________

________________________________

2. Men and women are not equal. Yes or No

Reason: _______________________

________________________________

3. Sexism is always against girls, never Yes or No

against boys.
Reason: _______________________

________________________________

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Chapter 10, Section C
4. Girls should be more modest than Yes or No

boys.
Reason: _______________________

________________________________

5. People in their 30s and 40s should Yes or No

not dress like teenagers.

Reason: _______________________

________________________________

Read about some people’s opinions about tattoos, piercings, and hair dye.

Students, Adults Differ in Opinions on Tattoos, Piercings, Hair Dye

Lauren Peterson, Igaramkin Reporter • January 7, 2016

Many students at AJ Dimond High School have piercings, tattoos or dye

their hair. Quite a few have more than one of the three.

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Chapter 10, Section C
However, contrary to their teenagers, adults are generally against
tattoos,
piercings or outrageous hair color.

Junior Kat Taylor said, “People generally think I’m closed off or
unapproachable when they first meet me. When I first meet someone’s
parents they are thrown off by my appearance and are kind of hesitant
when first speaking to me.

Junior Brandi Weilder said, “People still judge because others have
piercings or crazy hair color or tattoos and it’s a really bad reason to
judge someone. People say things like, how would you feel if your
doctor had piercings or tattoos all over their face? And like whatever. I
wouldn’t care because presumably they went to medical school and
got their degree, I don’t care what they have on their face.”

It is common in this day and age for kids to use their bodies and
appearance as a way of expressing themselves. Whether it be through
clothes, hair, makeup or whatever they choose, everyone expresses
themselves.

Weilder said, “If you want to dye your hair or have piercings or tattoos
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Chapter 10, Section C
you should be able to do it. Now is our prime time to express ourselves.”

While many people have similar opinions on piercings or crazy hair,

there are some that have different opinions.

Senior Brandon Thomas said, “I don’t like piercings. I think they’re

gross. Girls can have one or two studs in their ears but that’s it. No face
piercings or gauges and guys shouldn’t get anything pierced.”

Senior Jenna Graham said, “I like piercings but they need to be modest.
You should be able to hide them, like with your ears. I think getting
your face pierced is a little too much.”

When asked about dyeing your hair a different, more outrageous color
there were varying answers.

Thomas said, “I think you should keep your natural hair color. I’m not
against dyeing your hair, I just don’t see the point in it. You don’t need
to change yourself.”

While Graham said, “I think you should only dye your hair natural colors.

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Chapter 10, Section C
Very few people can pull off unnatural hair color.”

Many students at Dimond have tattoos or plan on getting tattoos. Most

of them also have reasons to get their tattoos.

Howard said, “I like tattoos but they have to have meaning. If you have
a yolo tattoo, then you should have thought that through more.”

Thomas said, “I don’t have a problem with tattoos, they can do good or
bad. I don’t see them often so it’s not a big deal.”

When asked if she thinks she will ever regret her decisions about her
body in high school, Taylor said, “Never. It’s a part of who I am.”

Teenagers now are evolving and expressing themselves. They are

taking charge of their life and their bodies.

Lewis said, “I think it is beautiful how many people are becoming

confident and letting their true self shine through.”

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Chapter 10, Section C

Describe each person’s personal values. Are they old-fashioned, sexist, modest or
do they have a double standard? / Give specific examples.

Description / Examples

1. School parents

2. Senior Brandon Thomas

3. Senior Graham

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Chapter 10, Section D

Goal: Be kind and honest.

Answer.

What’s honesty for you?

Do you think most of the people are honest?
Is honesty an important value we all have to practice?

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Chapter 10, Section D

Read the following fable.

The Woodcutter and the Axe

Long ago, there lived a

woodcutter in a small village.
He was sincere in his work
and very honest. Every day,
he set out into the nearby
forest to cut trees. He
brought the woods back into
the village and sold them

out to a merchant and earn his money. He earned just about enough
to make a living, but he was satisfied with his simple living.

One day, while cutting a tree near a river, his axe slipped out of his hand
and fell into the river. The river was so deep; he could not even think
to retrieve it on his own. He only had one axe which was gone into the
river. He became a very worried thinking how he will be able to earn his

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Chapter 10, Section D
living now! He was very sad and prayed to the Goddess of the river. He
prayed sincerely so the Goddess appeared in front of him and asked,
“What is the problem, my son?” The woodcutter explained the problem
and requested the Goddess to get his axe back.

The Goddess put her hand deep into the river and took out a silver
axe and asked, “Is this your axe?” The Woodcutter looked at the axe
and said “No”. So the Goddess put her hand back deep into the water
again and showed a golden axe and asked, “Is this your axe?” The
woodcutter looked at the axe and said “No”. The Goddess said, “Take
a look again son, this is a very valuable golden axe, are you sure this is
not yours?” The woodcutter said, “No, It’s not mine. I can’t cut the trees
with a golden axe. It’s not useful for me”.

The Goddess smiled and finally put her hand into the water again and
took out his iron axe and asked, “Is this your axe?” To this, the woodcutter
said, “Yes! This is mine! Thank you!” The Goddess was very impressed
with his honesty so she gave him his iron axe and also the other two
axes as a reward for his honesty.

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Chapter 10, Section D
Answer the following questions.

1. What’s the moral of this story?

_______________________________________________________________________________

2. Did the man in the story do the right thing?

_______________________________________________________________________________

3. Is it sometimes good not to be honest? Why? / Why not?

_______________________________________________________________________________

4. If you were the man in the story, what would you do?

_______________________________________________________________________________

5. Have you ever been rewarded for being honest? Explain.

_______________________________________________________________________________

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Chapter 10, Section D
Do you like to listen to good news? Watch the following video “Mtan
returns wallet full of cash”.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Weqo1S1bxcA

Moral Dilemas

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Chapter 10, Section D
Read and complete the charts.

Situation: You find $1,000 at an ATM.

There’s nobody nearby

1. What could you do? (options)

_____________________________________________________________________________
2. What should you do? (good advice)

_____________________________________________________________________________
3. What would you do? (your position)

_____________________________________________________________________________
.4. What would other people do? (others position)

_____________________________________________________________________________

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Chapter 10, Section D

Situation: You find a smartphone in

a department store dressing room.

1. What could you do? (options)

_____________________________________________________________________________
2. What should you do? (good advice)

_____________________________________________________________________________
3. What would you do? (your position)

_____________________________________________________________________________
.4. What would other people do? (others position)

_____________________________________________________________________________

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