RICH GOLDEN SHOWER MONTESSORI CENTER

Junior High School Department

SY 2020-2021

LEARNING PACKET IN ENGLISH 9

Week 32: May 24 - 28, 2021
I. Most Essential Learning Competency (MELC)
 Judge the validity of the evidence listened to
II. Topics
 Greek Mythology
III. Discussion
The Olympian Gods
The Gods of Olympus were the main Greek gods who lived on the top of Mount
Olympus. The Olympian gods rose to power by defeating the Titans in the War of the Titans
(also called the Titanomachy). They were the children of Cronus and Rhea. Zeus, Poseidon,
Hera, Hestia and Demeter, Hades, and later on Apollo, Artemis, Hermes, Athena, Hephaestus,
Aphrodite and Ares. Over the years, the Demi-god Dionysus became part of their group on
Olympus.
It is very common to refer to the Greek pantheon as “the 12 Olympian Gods”. However,
the ancient Greeks did not worship specific twelve gods. Instead, there were many more, major
and lesser - but nonetheless important - gods and others that were worshiped locally.
The rule of Zeus was not absolute. To obtain it, Zeus and his kind had to wrestle with the
Titans and then with the Giants. The Battle of the Giants was more formidable and lasted more
years. The greatest Olympians took part in the battle. The Giants were not as immortal as the
Titans. But they had tremendous power and a monstrous form. After a long and ferocious war,
the Greek gods managed to defeat all Giants with the help of Zeus’ demi-god son, the hero
Hercules.
The Olympian gods had the same inclinations and the same desires, the same flaws,
and strengths as the mortals, even sometimes living in similar conditions. They looked like
humans, but they were, almost always, prettier and stronger than humans. The gods could be
transformed as they wished or teleported to any place they wished to. This was also a
motivation for the famous Greek hospitality, which was a very important institution in ancient
Greece. The Greeks would always welcome with special joy any foreigner, who could, after all,
be a god in disguise!
As can be seen from many myths, the gods of the Greeks were not indifferent to
humans. On the contrary, they often came in contact with them, traveling secretly, transforming
themselves into ordinary people, rewarding the good and punishing the unjust. The gods did
not find a better way to be happy than to live as humans. But they were freed from two great
sufferings of mankind: the fear of deprivation and the fear of death. Indeed, the privilege of the
gods is carefree. They never think about illness, old age, death. The nectar, the wine of the
gods, and the ambrosia, the divine food of Olympus, ensure beauty, health and happiness for
the immortals.
The immortal Greek gods settled on the peak of Olympus. There, they built their divine
palaces and from there they looked upon the whole world. The ancient Greek religion is based
on wisdom. People admired the gods immensely, without envying them. Famous temples were
built for them and famous works of art were inspired by them. The gods reflected the ideals of
the ancient Greek people.

1|Page
Let’s see the full list of the Olympian Gods:
Zeus (Roman name: Jupiter)

The most powerful of all, Zeus was god of the sky

and the king of Olympus. His temper affected the
weather, and he threw thunderbolts when he was
unhappy. He was married to Hera but had many
other lovers. His symbols include the oak and the
thunderbolt.

Zeus (Roman name: Jupiter)

Poseidon (Roman name: Neptune)

Poseidon was god of the sea. He was the most

powerful god except for his brother, Zeus. He lived in
a beautiful palace under the sea and caused
earthquakes when he was in a temper. His symbols
include the horse and the trident (a three-pronged
pitchfork).

Poseidon (Roman name: Neptune)

Hades (Roman name: Pluto)

Hades was king of the dead. He lived in the

underworld, the heavily guarded land where he ruled
over the dead. He was the brother of Zeus and the
husband of Persephone, Demeter's daughter, whom
he kidnapped.

Hades (Roman name: Pluto)

Hera (Roman name: Juno)

Hera was goddess of marriage and the queen of

Olympus. She was Zeus's wife and sister; many
myths tell of how she sought revenge when Zeus
betrayed her with his lovers. Her symbols include the
peacock and the cow.

Hera (Roman name: Juno)

2|Page
 Aphrodite (Roman name: Venus)

Aphrodite was the goddess of love and beauty, and

the protector of sailors. She may have been the
daughter of Zeus and the Titan Dione, or she may
have risen from the sea on a shell. Her symbols
include the myrtle tree and the dove.

Aphrodite (Roman name: Venus)

Apollo (Roman name: Apollo)

Apollo (Roman name: Apollo)
Apollo was the god of music and healing. He was
also an archer and hunted with a silver bow. Apollo
was the son of Zeus and the Titan Leto, and the twin
of Artemis. His symbols include the laurel tree, the
crow, and the dolphin.

Ares (Roman name: Mars)

Ares was the god of war. He was both cruel and a

coward. Ares was the son of Zeus and Hera, but
neither of his parents liked him. His symbols include
the vulture and the dog, and he often carried a
bloody spear.

Ares (Roman name: Mars)

3|Page
 Artemis (Roman name: Diana)

Artemis was the goddess of the hunt and the

protector of women in childbirth. She hunted with
silver arrows and loved all wild animals. Artemis was
the daughter of Zeus and Leto, and the twin of
Apollo. Her symbols include the cypress tree and the
deer.

Artemis (Roman name: Diana)

Athena (Roman name: Minerva)

Athena was the goddess of wisdom. She was also

skilled in the art of war and helped heroes such as
Odysseus and Hercules. Athena sprang full-grown
from the forehead of Zeus and became his favorite
child. Her symbols include the owl and the olive tree.

Athena (Roman name: Minerva)

Hephaestus (Roman name: Vulcan)

Hephaestus was the god of fire and the forge (a

furnace in which metal is heated). Although he made
armor and weapons for the gods, he loved peace. He
was the son of Zeus and Hera and married
Aphrodite. His symbols include the anvil and the
forge.

Hephaestus (Roman name: Vulcan)

Hestia (Roman name: Vesta)

Hestia was the goddess of the hearth (a fireplace at

the center of the home). She was the gentlest of the
gods, and does not play a role in many myths. Hestia
was the sister of Zeus and the oldest of the
Olympians. Fire is among her symbols.

Hestia (Roman name: Vesta)

4|Page
 Hermes (Roman name: Mercury)

Hermes was the messenger god, a trickster, and a

friend to thieves. He was said to have invented
boxing and gymnastics. He was the son of Zeus and
the constellation Maia. The speediest of all, he wore
winged sandals and a winged hat and carried a
magic wand.

Hermes (Roman name: Mercury)

Demeter (Roman name: Ceres)

Demeter was the goddess of the harvest. The word?
cereal? comes from her Roman name. She was the
sister of Zeus. Her daughter, Persephone, was
forced to live with Hades each winter; at this time
Demeter let no crops grow. Her symbols include
wheat.

Demeter (Roman name: Ceres)

Dionysus (Roman name: Bacchus)

Dionysus was the god of wine, which he invented. In
ancient Greece Dionysus was honored with
springtime festivals that centered on theater.
Dionysus was the son of Zeus and Semele, a mortal.
His symbols include ivy, the snake, and grapes.

Dionysus (Roman name: Bacchus)

Name: ____________________________________ Grade: ____________

NOTE: WRITE YOUR ANSWER IN A SEPARATE PAPER.

5|Page
 IV. Activities
A. Direction: Give the following roman name of the Greek gods and goddesses.
1. Zeus _________________
2. Hera _________________
3. Aphrodite _________________
4. Apollo _________________
5. Ares _________________
6. Artemis _________________
7. Demeter _________________
8. Dionysus _________________
9. Hephaestus _________________
10. Hermes _________________
11. Poseidon _________________
12. Hades _________________
13. Hestia _________________
14. Cupid _________________

B. Direction: Read the following question and give the correct answer.
1. Who is the queen of the gods and goddess of women and marriage? _____________
2. Who is the goddess of beauty and love? _____________
3. Who is the god of war? _____________
4. Who is the goddess of hunting, animals, and childbirth? _____________
5. Who is the god of weather, law, and fate? _____________
6. Who is the goddess of wisdom and defense? _____________
7. Who is the goddess of agriculture and grain? _____________
8. Who is the god of wine, pleasure, and festivity? _____________
9. Who is the god of fire, metalworking, and sculpture? _____________
10. Who is the god of travel? _____________
11. Who is the god of the underworld? _____________
12. Who is the goddess of home and family? _____________
13. Who is the god of sex and minion to Aphrodite? _____________
14. His symbols include the anvil and the forge. _____________
15. He was the son of Zeus and the constellation Maia. _____________

V. Assessment Task
Direction: Draw one god/goddess that you think you have the same characteristic and explain
why you chose it.

Prepared by: Checked by: Noted and Approved by:

MS. AIZEL NOVA F. ARAÑEZ MS. VALENTINA V. VILLA MRS. MARGARET T. BUENO,MAEd
ENGLISH Teacher JHS Principal President and School Directress

6|Page
7|Page