SHS

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION
Misamis Street, Bago-Bantay, Quezon City

UNIFIED SUPPLEMENTARY LEARNING MATERIALS

(USLeM)

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
Quarter 4 – Module 3
Writer Language Editor Content Editor

John E. Cordero Bryan A. Pobe Dr. Arnold C. Gatus

MANAGEMENT TEAM
Dr. Malcolm S. Garma
Regional Director
Dr. Genia V. Santos Dr. Arnold C. Gatus
CLMD Chief EPS, CLMD (English)
Dr. Dennis Mendoza Ms. Nancy C. Mabunga
LR EPS, CLMD Librarian, CLMD

This is a Government Property. Not for Sale

Sale 1
 
Most Essential Learning Competency

Plans data collection, data gathering instrument, and analysis procedures.

HOW TO USE THIS MODULE pen

Before you start answering the module, I want you to set aside other tasks that will
disturb you while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below to successfully enjoy
the objectives of this kit. Have fun!
1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated in every page of this module.
2. Write on your notebook or any writing pad the concepts about the lessons. Writing
enhances learning, that is important to develop and keep in mind.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module.
4. Let your facilitator/guardian assess your answers.
5. Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have learned.
6. Enjoy studying!

PP Parts of the Module

● Expectations - These are what you will be able to know after completing the lessons in
the module.
● Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to be mastered
throughout the lesson.
● Looking Back to your Lesson - This section will measure what learnings and skills that
you understand from the previous lesson.
● Brief Introduction- This section will give you an overview of the lesson.
● Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform with a partner.
● Remember - This section summarizes the concepts and applications of the lessons.
● Checking your Understanding - It will verify how you learned from the lesson.
● Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from the entire module.


Lesson 1: Planning Data Collection Procedures

Expectations

At the end of this lesson, you are expected to plan data collection procedures.

2
 Pre-Test
Directions: Read each statement carefully. On a separate piece of paper, write
the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.

1. It is a structured to elicit information that could be coded to give numerical data. This
statement belongs to __________.
A. Observation C. Questionnaire
B. Survey D. Quantitative interview
2. This method of collecting data involves gathering of information from a large
representative sample, which is quite laborious and contains the list of questions and
answer options that the researcher will read to the respondent.
A. Questionnaire C. Census
B. Interview D. Survey
3. It has passed the psychometric verification process and has been tested and reviewed.
This statement belongs to _________.
A. Researcher -made test questionnaire
B. Standardized questionnaire
C. Reliability
D. Validity
4. It has undergone the process of validation procedures and it determines how well the
questionnaire measures what it is intended to measure.
A. Reliability C. Objectivity
B. Validity D. Sensitivity
5. It is an official count on survey of a population with details on demographics, economic
and social data such as age, sex education, marital status, household size, occupation,
religion, employment data, and educational qualifications and housing. This statement
belongs to _____________.
A. Tracer studies C. Census
B. Administrative data D. Sample survey

Looking Back

Before we proceed with the next parts of this module, let us have a recall the discussion
on relating to describing sample size and sampling procedures. Here are some reasons to use
examples. This takes longer than a full census, so sampling can save time.
1. Samples can save money because it costs less than taking a complete census.
2. A sample allows more particular attention to be given to several elements than when
doing a census.
3. There was a major error in reporting the results of the census caused by
inexperienced interviewers.

Follow-up Question: How to determine the sample size?

3
 Brief Introduction
In qualitative research, your interest lies in people's thoughts and feelings about a topic Your
curiosity about this question makes you think of several questions. You can find answers to your
questions through these theory-based data collection methods: observation, interview, or survey
through questionnaires Obtaining data through these methods requires you to implement the
necessary skills or strategies and follow the correct steps when conducting interviews,
observations, and surveys through questionnaires.

Type of Quantitative Data Collection Procedures

A. Observation
This method of gathering data is usually used in situations where the respondents
cannot answer the researchers question to obtain information for a research study. The
structure of observation aims to obtain information that can be encoded to provide digital
data.

Types of Observations
1. Participant observation
- The observer as the researcher participates in the activities of the observed
person or group.
2. Non-participation or structure observation
- This observation completely separates you from the object of observation.
B. Survey
Four (4) main survey types can be used to collect quantitative data:
 Sample survey
Researchers collect data from a population sample to estimate the attributes or
characteristics of the population.
 Administrative data
This is a survey of the daily operations of the organization. This kind of data is now
supported with various ICT tools and software’s making it easy for organizations
especially government, schools, industry, NGO to update their record efficiently and
effectively.
 Census
The researcher collects data from the selection population. It is an official count on
survey of a population with details on demographics profile.
 Tracer studies
This a regular survey with a sample of those surveyed within a specific time or
period.
C. Quantitative Interview
Quantitative and qualitative research can be used for Interviews. Both research
methods involve the participation of researchers and interviewees.

4
 Types of interview
1. Structured interview
- This is an interview that requires the use of an interview schedule or a list of
questions answerable with one and only items from a set of alternative
responses.
2. Unstructured interview
- In this type of interview, interviewees answer questions based on their personal
thoughts and feelings.
3. Semi- structured interview
- The characteristics of the first two types can be found in the third type of
interview.
D. Questionnaire
A questionnaire may be standardized, or research made.
The standardized questionnaire has passed the psychometric verification process,
tested, and reviewed.

ACTIVITY # 1. Vocabulary Practice

Directions: Individual work. Ask a question about the meaning of newly learned words. Let
your partner guess the target word of your question. But he/she must use the word correctly in a
sentence to get the two-point correct answer. Switch roles after every correct answer. The
honestly listed score for each correct answer you submits marks the end of your game.

Data
Collection
Method

ACTIVITY # 2 Explaining Learned Concepts

Instructions: Which among the topics can lend itself to observation technique? Explain your
choice. Use separate sheets for your answer.

1. K-12 goals, theories, and Methodologies

2. IATF protocols
3. Blending Learning
4. Enhance Community Quarantine
5. Online Shopping /Selling

5
Explanation:
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

ACTIVITY # 3 Assessing the Extent of Concept Learning

Instructions: Read the interview topics surrounding the three circular figures. Write
the topic in a circle to show your understanding of the concepts behind the topic.

Opinionated answers mediated interview I know steps of interview

Asynchronous very little factual answers

about
Questionnaire I know these schedule Synchronous
these
group interview very
well. I know
1st questions to ask unstructured interview
nothing
about these.
semi-structured interview
Postal questionnaire
downside of group interview
advantages of questionnaire

interview afterthoughts self- introduction questions

Checking of Understanding

Directions: Without going back to the reading material about interview, and by using your own
words, compare the following:

1. Structured interview and unstructured interview

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

2. Synchronous and asynchronous mediated interview

6
 Post-Test
Directions: Read each statement carefully. On a separate piece of paper, write
the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.

1. __________is a technique of gathering data whereby you personally watch, interact, or

communicate with the subjects of your research.
a. observation c. survey
b. interview d. questionnaire
2. This is an interview that requires the use of an interview schedule or a list of questions
answerable one and only item from a set of alternative responses.
a. unstructured interview c. semi-structured interview
b. structured interview d. individual interview
3. It is a paper containing a list of questions including the specific place and space in the
paper where you write the answers to the questions. This statement belongs to
_________.
a. questionnaire c. survey
b. interview d. observation
4. No face to face interview is true for this interview approach because this takes place
through electronic communication devices such as telephones, mobile phones, email,
among others. This statement belongs to_______.
a. Group interview c. Mediated interview
b. Individual interview d. Structure interview

5. Which of the following is not the purpose of questionnaire?

a. To discover people’s thoughts and feelings about the topic of the research
b. To assist you in conducting an effective face to face interview with your respondents
c. To help you plan how to obtain and record the answers to your questions
d. To make the analysis, recording and coding of data difficult and slowly

References:

Practical Research for Senior high School

by Nelia G. Prieto , Ph.D & et. Al

Practical Research
by Esther L. Baraceros

Practical Research
by Violeta L. Jesusalem & et. Al

7
 
Lesson 2: Data Gathering Instrument and Data Analysis
Procedures

Expectations

At the end of this lesson, you are expected to plan data gathering instrument and data
analysis procedures.

Pre-Test
Directions: Read each statement carefully. On a separate piece of paper, write
the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.

1. ________is the generic term that researchers use for a measurement device (survey
test, questioner).
b. research instrument c. validity
c. reliability d. checklist
2. If the investigator interviews the principal on the characteristics of the district director, the
principal is _________.
a. unobtrusive observer c. research assistant
b. informant d. objective rater
3. Which of the following type of items is not a selection item?
a. true-false c. matching type
b. multiple choice d. short answer
4. The following are good example of questionnaire except?
a. contextualize the information collected
b. create harmony and rapport with the respondent
d. express the study objectives in question form
e. provide a surplus of questions to ensure all objectives are met
5. The following are the qualification questions except?
a. age/sex categories c. feeling toward a brand
b. brand usage d. security issues

8
 Looking Back
Before we proceed with the next parts of this module, let us have a recall the
discussion on relating to the data collection procedures: interview, observation, questionnaires,
and survey.

Follow-up Question: What is the importance of data collection procedures in research?

Brief Introduction

Research instruments are the basic tools researchers use to collect data on specific
research questions. Common tools are achievement tests, questionnaires, interviews, and
watch lists. The first two tools are generally used for quantitative research, while the last two
tools are normally used for qualitative research. However, once the collected information is
converted into numerical data, the interviews and watch lists can continue to be used for
quantitative research.
Data analysis in research is a process in which the collected information is
aggregated so that it can answer research questions. In the process of quantitative data
analysis, the collected information is broken down and classified to draw trends or patterns
under given conditions. In quantitative research, the collected numerical data is not taken as a
whole. To understand it better, it is divided into several components based on the research
variables you choose, and the research questions you want to answer.

ACTIVITY # 1. Let’s Read

Directions: Read and analyze the given scenario. Answer the guide questions below.

The plan is to develop an orgasm plan for the 11th grade students. The highlight of the
show is the introduction of the dance festival. Six parts prepare for the dance competition
in the climax. One month before the start of the activity, students have already started
planning. Her parents are also very supportive of her preparing clothes and accessories.
Class advisors also monitor classroom activities.
In the competition, the physical education teacher invited teachers from other schools to
serve as judges. The performance is exemplary, especially the Rydberg part. This part is
also the favorite of the crowd. However, another group that performed poorly compared to
Rydberg was declared the winner. Because of the results of the competition, Rydberg and
other departments want to know the basis for making judgments. After investigation, the
results showed that no clear standards were set and a rating scale was not used.

Guide Questions:
1. What measures do you think should be taken to avoid this situation?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

9
 __________________________________________________________________________

2. What can you say about the survey results?

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
3. How do you connect scenario with conducting qualitative research?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

ACTIVITY # 2. Write Me Up

Direction: As you have learned from this course, answer each question comprehensively.
1. Why is it important to have a good research tool?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2. Differentiate validity and reliability. Explain how they complement each other to form a
good research.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________

ACTIVITY # 3. Elaborating Learned Concepts

Directions: If the research question can be answered by qualitative data analysis, check (/)
under "Agree"; otherwise, check "Disagree". Then fill in the last column to justify your choice.
Research questions Agree Disagree Reasons, comments, Reaction
1. What is your opinion on the
COVID 19 pandemic??
2. How many cases of COVID19 in
all over world?
3. How to stop spreading COVID19
in our community?
4. During COVID19 pandemic social
Amelioration Program is
distributed for below average
family?
5. How can you say about the
administration of President Duterte
during the COVID19 pandemic?

10
 Checking of Understanding
Directions: Construct your research instrument here. You can use another
sheet of paper.

Post-Test
Directions: Read each statement carefully. Choose the letter that corresponds to the correct
answer and write it on another piece of paper.

1. The following are the qualification questions except?

a. security issues c. feeling toward a brand
b. brand usage d. age/sex categories
2. If the investigator interviews the principal on the characteristics of the district director, the
principal is _________.
a. unobtrusive observer c. informant
b. objective rater d. research assistant
3. The following are good example of questionnaire except?
a. create harmony and rapport with the respondent
b. express the study objectives in question form
c. provide too many questions to ensure all goals are achieved.
d. contextualize the information collected.
4. Which of the following type of items is not a selection item?
a. true-false c. short answer
b. multiple choice d. matching type
5. ________is the generic term that researchers use for a measurement device (survey
test, questioner).
a. checklist c. validity
b. reliability d. research instrument

References:

Practical Research for Senior high School

by Nelia G. Prieto , Ph.D & et. Al

Practical Research
by Esther L. Baraceros

11
Practical Research
by Violeta L. Jerusalem & et. Al

12