秘

Strictly Confidential

Amfine
Chemical
Corporation
 AMFINE CHEMICAL CORPORATION IS A JOINT VENTURE BETWEEN ADEKA
CORPORATION AND MITSUBISHI CORPORATION, ESTABILSED IN 1994
Amfine Chemical Corporation is essentially the sales, marketing, technical and
Chemical Corporation
manufacturing arm of Adeka in North America. Amfine Chemical Corporation’s
innovative polymer additive technology is from Adeka Corporation.

Antioxidants Hindered Amine Nucleating Agents and

Light Stabilizers Clarifying Agents

Non-Halogen
Specialty Additives UV Absorbers
Flame Retardants

Performance Additives for Development Capabilities and

Hopkinsville, Kentucky Plant
Recycling Customer Performance Validation
秘 ABOUT ADEKA

Established : 1917 (as Asahi Denka Kogyo)

Business Field : Chemicals, Foods
Capital : 2.29 billion in sales
Affiliates : 40 (Japan 18, Foreign 22)
Employees : 3,551 (total as of 2018)

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ADEKA HQ and front of OGU R&D SITE
秘 COMPARISON OF PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
ADEKA Group serves the market through the most extensive polymer
additive portfolio in the industry!
Flame Retardants
• ICL
Commodity Polymer Additives Producers (EU, USA, JAPAN) • Daihachi
PRODUCER Phenolics Phosphites UVA HALS MDA Nucleators FR Blends • Chemtura
• JSL
ADEKA ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ • Other Chinese
BASF ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ (✓) (✓) ✓
Addivant ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ X (✓) ✓
Songwon ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ X ✓ ✓
Solvay ( Cytec ) ✓ X ✓ ✓ X X X X
Albemarle ✓ ✓ X X X X (✓) ✓ •ADEKA
Clariant X ✓ ✓ ✓ X X ✓ ✓
Milliken X X X X X ✓ X X • BASF
Sumitomo ✓ ✓ ✓ X X X X X • Songwon
• Addivant • Everspring
• Cytec
• Clariant • Richyu
•
Amfine Chemical Corporation is focused on being a solution •
SABO
Other Chinese • HPL
provider to all of our customers, large or small. Our industry • Other Taiwanese • Albemarle
•
experts have a combined experience of over 100 years to Other Chinese

provide proven and cost effective solutions. Light Stabilizers Antioxidants

4
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秘 NUCLEATING AND CLARIFING AGENTS
NA-11
NA-11 is the work
horse product of the
portfolio. Ideal for
Nucleated Applications.
Food Packaging Automotive
NA-21 NA-27
NA-21 is Clarifier for
hot fill & take out - Clarifier Nucleating NA-27 is ideal for
disposable type
applications w/FDA
Agents Agent mineral filled
compounds.
B-H Compliance
Appliances
Daily Items

NA-71
NA-908HT
NA-71 is clarifier
for retort type NA-908HT is a cost
applications w/FDA effective nucleator - a
A-H Compliance. Medical potential replacement
Containers candidate for NaBz.
Baby Feed Caps, Closures and
Bottles Labware
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秘 NON-HALOGEN FLAME RETARDANTS

• FP-2100JC - Used in Polyolefin compounds,

features the highest processing temperature
available in the market
• FP-2500S - Used in Polyolefin compounds,
features an anti-dusting agent and synergist
to improve effectiveness of the flame
retardant which enabling lower loading
levels
• FP-2600U - Used in TPU, recently
developed, features innovative technology
to eliminate the dripping typically seen in
low durometer TPU products

• FP-600 - Used in PC, PC/ABS and 3D

printed PC formulas, excellent performance,
liquid non-halogen flame retardant, BDP
commodity type product.
• FP-900L - Used in PC, PC/ABS, features a
higher temperature performance than FP-
600 while at the same time providing a
“greener” footprint based on being
Bisphenol-A free
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秘
ADEKA PERMANENT ANTI-STAT SURFACE
RESISTIVITY IN PP
1E+16
AS-301E Formulation
ICP (100-X;14dg/min)

Surface Resistivity [Ω/sq.]

1E+15
Polyamide-base (A) Antistatic Agent (X)
1E+14
Processing
1E+13
Extrusion @230 oC
1E+12 Injection @230 oC
Anti-dust Mold @40 oC
1E+11 (3mm thickness)
Preventing electrostatic
1E+10
discharge Measurement
SR: JIS K6911
1E+09
(25 oC, 50 %R.H.)
good 0 5 10 15 20
Concentration of antistatic agent [wt%]

✓ AS-301E can provide superior performance

than competitor’s permanent AS.

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秘

Strictly Confidential

Review of Plastics
Recycling Trends
秘 GLOBAL PLASTIC TRENDS

- Plastic waste generated in 2015: 302 million MT*

- Global recycling rate of plastics was ~20 % (2015)
- Rate is estimated to increase to 42 % in 2050
- Plastic waste recycling is gaining attention
* 4. Sci. Adv., 2017, 3, e1700782.

100
90 PE & PP waste
152 mil. MT
Amount / million MT

80
70 Prime
60 production
50 PET waste Prime waste
40 32 mil. MT generation
30
20
10
0
PP LD, LLDPE HDPE PS PET PVC PUR

9
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秘 HOW WILL THE PLASTICS RECYCLING TREND GO?

Many restrictions and governmental decisions are being made throughout the globe
including setting goals for the recycling quota.
The total amount of virgin resin produced may likely decrease.

But, will plastics disappear?

Production of
virgin resin
？ →NO

Plastics are cheap, light, and easy to convert into useful products. Commercial
success of recycled resins (recyclate) will depend upon extending their durability
and improving their properties.
Additives, including stabilizers & nucleating agents, are a way to
achieve extended durability & improved properties
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秘

Strictly Confidential

ADEKA’S
APPROACH TO
UPCYCLING
秘 ADEKA’S CURRENT TARGET

- Pre-consumer recyclate
Recycling
- Post-consumer recyclate

Mechanical Recycling Chemical Recycling Energy Recovery

©PIXTA

Waste→ Plastic products Waste→ Raw materials Waste→Energy

by melt processing by chemical processing by chemical processing
or incineration
Current Target Future Target
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秘 ADEKA’S CURRENT TARGET

Plastic Recycling Flow:

Consumer
Product Plastic waste
Off-spec material, flashing
→ Pre-consumer

Polymer producer ＆ Molder Recycler ＆ compounder

Post-consumer

Post-consumer recyclate: Large volumes, but high levels of

contamination, multiple polymer streams & qualities.
Post consumer recyclate needs to be upgraded.
13
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秘 HOW CAN ADEKA’S ADDITIVES CONTRIBUTE?

Proposal 1. Broaden Application (better quality and/or function, i.e., Upcycling)

Level of Requirement

Automobile Automobile
Additive selection enables the
use of post consumer waste in
higher value-added applications

Food packages Packages (non-food)

Dairy products
Dairy products Pallets
Pallets etc.
Etc.

Appliances Appliances
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秘 HOW CAN ADEKA’S ADDITIVES CONTRIBUTE?
Proposal 2. Increase ratio of recycled resin (contributes toward sustainability)

Level of Requirement
Recycled
Automobile Automobile
Virgin
Enables an increase in recycled PP
ratio while maintaining properties

Food packages Packages (non-food)

Virgin
Dairy products
Dairy products Pallets
Pallets Recycled
And Many Others
And Many Others

Appliances Appliances

15
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秘

Strictly Confidential

Performance of Additives in
Recycled PP Resins

THERMAL STABILITY
秘 REALITY OF POST-CONSUMER RECYCLED PP

Analyzed 5 PP recycled resins from multiple regions to understand composition.

Example: Recycled PP from Food packaging & Industrial applications (Japan)
ADDITIVES Table 1. Recovered PP from different sources
IMPURITIES
Recycle source Food packaging Industrial application
Recycle source Food packaging Industrial application
Sample NO. R-PP1 R-PP2 R-PP3 R-PP4 R-PP5
Sample NO. R-PP1 R-PP2 R-PP3 R-PP4 R-PP5
Phenolic AO / ppm 551 <100 <100 <100 155
Mg / ppm <70 520 1110 70 12700
Phosphate (P=O) /
1035 562 686 435 680 Al / ppm 13 1300 499 72 86
ppm
103 Si / ppm 155 1020 1950 218 17300
98 S / ppm 36 70 247 13 9
93
Cl / ppm 71 5690 855 23 8
Transmittance / %

88
83 K / ppm <2 13 116 4 3
78 Ca / ppm 40 12400 11100 108 462
73 Recycled PP-1
Ti /ppm 5 4140 2130 876 478
68 Recycled PP-2
63 Recycled PP-3 Mn / ppm <2 <2 29 <2 <2
58 Recycled PP-4 Fe / ppm 15 148 406 19 58
53 Recycled PP-5
Co / ppm <2 <2 3 <2 <2
1,800
1,400 1,000 600
Wavenumbers / cm-1 Cu / ppm <2 9 18 23 <2
Figure 1 Infrared spectra of recovered PP. Peaks at 700cm-1, 720cm-1, Zn / ppm <2 40 160 41 41
1000cm-1, 1725cm-1 assigned to phenyl group(●), polyethylene(●),
talc(●) and ester group caused by polymer degradation(●). 17
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秘 REALITY OF POST-CONSUMER RECYCLED PP

Analyzed PP recycled resins from multiple regions to understand their composition.

Summary: Recycled resin quality heavily depended on the source.

Some common features could be said in most of the cases:

Additives:
Phosphorous antioxidants: Completely consumed
Phenolic antioxidants: Very small amounts remained

Resins:
In some cases, PE, PVC and PA were detected.
In case of PP, they were basically a mixture of IPP, RPP and HPP.

Impurities:
Multiple types of metal were detected.

18
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秘
TWO APPROACHES TO STABILIZE
RECYCLED PP RESIN
1. “Top-up” with enough AO to provide adequate stabilization during the recycling process and extend
the durability of the recyclate.

MFR (g/10min)
30
Phenol+Phosphite
25
Phosphite
20
Phenol
15
10 No AO
5
Resin: Homo-PP(100) (MFR=3)
0 Formulation: PP(100)/ Ca-St (0.1)/ AO’s (0.05)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Extrusion: Single-screw extruder at 280 ºC
Number of extrusion at 280ºC

2. “Top-up” the recyclate using an additive optimized for a specific function to improve recyclate quality.
Talc 20%

Resin: Homo-PP(100) (MFR=8)

Formulation: AO-1(0.1), PO-1(0.1), CaSt(0.05)
Extrusion: Twin-screw extruder at 230oC, Injection: at 230oC

Performance of the additives can be negatively affected by impurities (fillers, metals, etc.) in the
recyclate. Adsorption inhibitor can suppress this effect. 19
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秘 ABOUT CYCLOAID® UPR-001

Cycloaid UPR-001
An additive package formulated for recycled polypropylene (PP) containing:

・Phenolic AO
→ for protection of polymer during processing & service life

・Phosphite AO
→ for protection of polymer during melt processing at compounding & conversion temperatures

・Synergists
→ inhibitor for metallic impurities & acid neutralizer

20
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秘
EFFECT OF LOADING AMOUNT OF
CYCLOAID® UPR-001
Thermal Stability @ 150℃ oven aging
800

700
Time of degradation (h)
600 Concentration Effect
500

400

300

200

100

0
Ratio of
Recycled PP 30%
UPR-001 UPR-001 UPR-001 UPR-001
none 0.1% 0.2% 0.3%

Thermal stability could be improved by additional loading depending

on the target application or requirement.
21
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秘
EFFECT OF CYCLOAID® UPR-001 IN DIFFERENT
RATIOS OF RECYCLED PP
Thermal Stability @ 150℃ oven aging
500
Upcycling
400

Time of degradation (h)

300

200

100

Ratio of 0
Recycled PP
30% 50% 70%
UPR-001 UPR-001 UPR-001 UPR-001 UPR-001 UPR-001
none 0.2% none 0.2% none 0.2%

✓ UPR-001 showed effect even in the case of high ratio of recycled PP.
✓ 70% recycled PP+UPR-001showed higher thermal stability than 30% recycled PP
22
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秘

Strictly Confidential

Performance of Additives in
Recycled PP Resins

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
秘 ABOUT CYCLOAID® UPR-011

Cycloaid UPR-011
An additive package formulated for recycled PP containing:

・Phenolic AO
→ for protection of polymer during processing & service life

・Phosphite AO
→ for protection of polymer during melt processing at compounding & conversion temperatures

・Synergists
→ inhibitor for metallic impurities & acid neutralizer

・Nucleating agent
→To improve mechanical properties & reduce cycle times
24
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秘 Effect of Loading Amount of CYCLOAID® UPR-011

Initial Properties
1600

1500
Tensile Modulus /MPa
1400

1300

1200

1100

1000
0％
Ratio of Recycled 30％
PP
(ICP 100％)

UPR- UPR- UPR-

UPR-011
011 011 011
None When changing the NA of
0.2% 0.4% 0.6%
UPR-011 to commodity
Formulation: Recycled PP(MFR=4.3) / Virgin ICP(MFR=30) / UPR-011(0.2-0.6)
Processing: Extrusion: 230 ºC, Injection: 210 ºC type NA
Plaque: 4 mm thick

UPR-011 can give higher mechanical properties than that of virgin PP.
Appropriate NA must be used in recycled PP to achieve the improvement.
25
秘
Effect of UPR-011 in different Ratios
of Recycled PP
Initial properties

1800

1700
Virgin ICP
Tensile Modulus /MPa

1600
(1350 Mpa)
1500 Δ232 Mpa Δ127 Mpa
Δ67 Mpa
1400

1300

1200

1100

1000
Ratio of Recycled
PP 30％ 50％ 70％

UPR-011 UPR-011 UPR-011 UPR-011 UPR-011 UPR-011

None 0.4% None 0.4% None 0.4%

Formulation: Recycled PP(MFR=4.3) / Virgin ICP(MFR=30) / UPR-011(0.4)

Processing: Extrusion: 230 ºC, Injection: 210 ºC
Plaque: 4 mm thick
With UPR-011, 70% recycled PP showed equal level of 26
mechanical properties to virgin ICP.
秘 CONCLUSIONS & TAKE AWAY

✓ADEKA CYCLOAID UPR-001 improved the thermal stability of recycled PP compound.

✓ADEKA CYCLOAID UPR-011 improved the mechanical properties of recycled PP

compound.

Appropriate selection of suitable additives can expand the possibilities of

recycled resins and contribute to the development of a sustainable society.
27
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秘

Strictly Confidential

Thank you for your

attention!
Open for questions.