Senior High School

Contemporary
Philippine Arts from
the Regions
Grade 11/12 Module 2:
Researches on Various
Contemporary Art Forms
CPAR – Grade 11-12
Alternative Delivery Mode
Module 2: Researches on Various Contemporary Art Forms
First Edition, 2020

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 SHS

Contemporary
Philippine Arts
from the Regions
Module 2:
Researches on Various
Contemporary Art Forms
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 11/12. Alternative
Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on the Researches on Various Contemporary Art
Forms.

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
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This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
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learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

Welcome to the CPAR 11/12 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module

on Researches on Various Contemporary Art Forms!

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This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
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competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

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check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
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answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

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level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

1
 Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given
to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned. This also tends retention
of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

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developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
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We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the various contemporary art forms. The scope of this module permits it to
be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the
diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the
standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

2
The module is composed of one lesson, namely:
• Lesson 1 – Various Contemporary Art Forms
A. Most Essential Learning Competency:
• Researches on Various Contemporary Art Forms
After going through this module, you are expected to:
B. Specific Objectives
Cognitive
• Identify various contemporary art forms from Pre-Colonial Art period to
Contemporary Period.
Affective
• Appreciate various contemporary art forms from Pre-Colonial Art Period to
Contemporary Period
Psychomotor
• Present a form of integrated contemporary art chosen by the learner.

What I Know

I. Directions: Read and analyze each sentence. Encircle the letter of the
best answer.

1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Pre-Colonial art form?

A. Religious symbol C. Baroque
B. Animistic D. Trader’s influence
2. What is the common theme for Okir which is known as the flower symbol of the
ancestral home of the highest title holder in a Maranao village?
A. Torogan C. Pako
B. Naga D. Sarimanok
3. Who is known as the father of the Filipino painting? He is also the first Filipino
to paint his face, the first self-portrait in the Philippines.
A. Juan Luna C. Jose Rizal
B. Felix Hidaldgo D. Damian Domingo
4. Which of the following is NOT a popular art style during the Philippine Colonial
American period?
A. Manila City Hall C. National Museum
B. Cultural Center of the Philippines D. Metropolitan Theater
5. What is known as an attempt at contextualizing art made in today’s global
context as a reaction against standardization and commercialism?
A. Altermodernism C. Postmodernism
B. Neorealism D. Contemporary

3
LESSON
Various Contemporary Art
11 1 Forms in the Philippines

Contemporary art as the art of today is more of the creative and critical self-
expression of the artist. Culture can contribute to the emerging art works that can
instill different perspective among the enthusiast and viewer of the art.

What’s In

Direction: Create your own graphic organizer by defining the following

concepts: CONTEMPORARY ART & ART FORMS. After illustrating your
graphic organizer, explain and analyse it.

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 What’s New

Activity 1: Make an interpretive statement about the contemporary art work.

1. What do you think is the art form of

the given art work?
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
______________________________.
2. What is your initial reaction to this
art work?
_____________________________________
___________________________________

Sabel (2004) || Cabrera, Benedicto (BenCab) https://www.mutualart.com

What is It

To understand contemporary art forms, you need to revisit the Philippine Art
aesthetic timeline from most primal to its contemporary form.
Below are the highlights of the History of Philippine Arts:

Philippine Art Timeline Highlights

PRE COLONIAL ART PERIOD Old Stone Age (Paleolithic)
(6185BC – 1520 AD) Espinosa Ranch Site, Cagayan 16000-
Old Stone Age (Paleolithic) 8000 BC
Age of Horticulture/ The proof of earliest man’s presence was
Neolithic Period recovered from a ranch site in Cagayan
Metal Age Province-two flake tools dated about 9
Iron Age million years, the oldest man-made object
associated with the fossils of a
Flake proboscidean, a prehistoric elephant.
Tools https://
www.nationalmus
eum.gov.ph
Other flake tools are recovered in Tabon
Caves, Palawan and some stone tools in
Bolobok Cave, Sanga-Sanga in Tawi-Tawi.

5

Shell Bracelets and Pendants
(Neolithic)
https://www.nationalmuseum.gov.ph
Agono Petroglyphs
https://www.nationalmuseum.gov.ph
Lingling-o
https://www.nationalmuseum.gov.ph
Maitum Jar
https://www.nationalmuseum.gov.ph
ncca.gov.ph
Shell Bracelets and Pendants (Neolithic)
Cagayan, Palawan, and Sorsogon 4854 BC
Shells were fashioned into tools, as well as
ornaments. The oldest known ornaments
made from cone shells were found in the
early 1960’s in the grave of an adult male
in Duyong Cave in Palawan. A shell disk
with a hole in the center was found next to
his right ear and a disk with a hole by the
edge was found on his chest. The shell
ornaments were dated 4854 B.C.
Agono Petroglyphs are oldest known work
of art in the Philippines located in the
province of Rizal. There are 127 human
and animal figures engraved on the
rockwall probably carved during the late
Neolithic (3000 BC).
Lingling-o (2000 BC – 1000 AD) Duyong
Cave, Palawan, a kind of ear pendant
fashioned from green nephrite (jade) is the
characteristic trait of the Early Metal Age.
One of the finest jade ornaments found to
date is the double- headed pendant
recovered from Duyong Cave, Palawan. It is
an example of the superb craftsmanship of
ancient carving in jade.
Manunggul Jar Burial jar excavated from a
Neolithic burial site in Manunggul cave of
Tabon Cave at Lipuun Point at Palawan
dating from 890–710 B.C.
Maitum Jar (Metal Age: 190 BC to 500
AD)
In 1991, the National Museum
archaeological team discovered
anthropomorphic secondary burial jars in
Ayub Cave, Barangay Pinol, Maitum,
Sarangani Province, Mindanao,
Philippines.
6
 Surigao gold objects’ date stamp could be
placed in the span of the 10th to the 13th
centuries, A.D., pre-Hispanic era.

Pre-colonial traditional art has religious

symbols, every day activity such as
fishing, farming, etc., or a specific
decorative art pattern to the community.
• It has either the influence of local religion
(animistic) or Islamic based.
• There is also an exchange of art
aesthetics and art processes with Chinese
and other Asian countries who frequent as
traders with our indigenous groups.

Baybayin is a Tagalog ancient script also

known in Visayan as badlit. It is derived
from Brahmic scripts of India and first
recorded in the 16th century. It continued
to be used during the Spanish colonization
of the Philippines up until the late 19th
century.

Other Pre Colonial Art

Pottery
Weaving
Tattoo
Jewelry
Carving
Metal Crafts

Sarimanok
http://mariposamuseum.org/collection/sout
UNCHANGE ART DESIGN
heast-asia/
The Okir (motif) is an artistic cultural
heritage of the Maranaos of Lanao,
Philippines. It is an artistic design of the
Maranao native inhabitants of southern
Philippines beginning from the early 6th
Century C.E. before the Islamization of the
area. Okir is a design or pattern often
rendered or curved in hardwood, brass,
silver and wall painting in curvilinear lines
and Arabic geometric figures.

7
 Serpent
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/87538786485741468/
SPANISH COLONIAL ART
PERIOD
(1521-1898)
Byzantine frescoes
https://www.robertharding.com/index.php?lang=en&pa
ge=search&s=byzantine+church&mode=0&zoom=1displa
y=5&sortby=0&bgcolour=white
Langit, Lupa at Impierno Josef
Luciano https://uninspiredbudha.wordpress.com/2012
/03/14/lenten-pilgrimage/dscf0098
PATTERNS OF OKIR
In the book of Dr. Nagasura Madale, it
explains that the Okir has patterns which
are used by the Maranao artists.
1. Matilak (circle) 2. Poyok (bud) 3. Dapal
(leaf) 4. Pako (fern or spiral form) 5. Todi
(fern leaf with spiral at upper edge) 6. Pako
lungat (fern leaf with a cut at one edge)
Another elements found by Dr. Madale are:
Naga, obid-obid binotoon, kianoko,
pakonai and tialitali.
COMMON THEME OF THE OKIR
Torogan known as the flower symbol of the
ancestral home of the highest title holder
in a Maranao village. The prominent part is
panolong, carved beam that protrudes in
the front of the house. It symbolizes power
and prestige.
• Nāga or serpent
• Sarimanok, a chicken-like figure that
carries a fish in its beak
Introduced formal Painting, Sculpture and
Architecture which was inspired by the
Byzantine, Gothic, Baroque and Rococo art
styles.
• Most artworks are Religious (Catholic)
based
• Artworks bear the Philippine themed
décor even with Spanish influence
Byzantine Painting Style: Attributed to
Maître à la Ratière, Battle of Marignano,
1515
Byzantine frescoes 11th–12th-century
Church of Panayia Phorviotissa Cyprus.
Langit, Lupa at Impierno Josef Luciano
Dans ca. 1850
Byzantine art refers to artistic products of
the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire, as
well as the nations and states that
inherited culturally from the empire. These
are more Christian based art.
8

Cathedral Church of Saint Mary in Murcia,
Spain
https://www.flickr.com/photos/totoolmos/357169
31354
Miagao
Church https://iloilomass.wordpress.co
m/tag/miagao-church/
Rococo Art
https://artandcrafter.com/movements
/taditional/rococo-
movement/rococo/amp/
Gothic Architecture St. Stephen Cathedral
in Vienna,
Austria https://www.nomadepicureans.com
/architectural-guides/gothic-architecture-
europe/
Baroque Aesthetics: Cathedral Church of
Saint Mary in Murcia, Spain
Filipino interpretation: Miagao Church also
known as the Sto. Tomas de Villanueva
Parish Church Miagao, Iloilo, Philippines
The Baroque is often thought of as a period
of artistic style that used exaggerated
motion and clear easily interpreted detail
to produce drama, tension, exuberance,
and grandeur in sculpture, painting,
architecture, literature, dance, theater,
and music.
Rococo Art originated in early 18th
century Paris, is characterized by
whimsical, curvy lines and elaborately
decorative style of art, whose name derives
from the French word 'rocaille' meaning,
rock-work after the forms of sea shells.
Gothic Art is the style of art produced in
Northern Europe from the middle ages up
until the beginning of the Renaissance.
Typically rooted in religious devotion. It is
especially known for the distinctive arched
design of its churches, its stained glass,
and its illuminated manuscripts
Uprising of the Philippine Artist
In the formation of the elite Filipino class,
the Ilustrado paved way for the rich locals
to study abroad. In that case, a more
“academic” and “western” approach has
been learned.
• The Filipino Classicism is formed that
borrows the Neoclassicism, Romanticism
and even a hint of Impressionism
Father of Filipino Painting: DAMIAN
DOMINGO
First Filipino to paint his face, the first
Self-Portrait in the Philippines
• Founder of the Academia de Dibujo y
9
 Pintura, the first school of drawing in the
Philippines (1821)
• One of the known artists of the decorative
art illustrations tipos del pais watercolor
paintings that depict local costumes. It
also became an album of different native
costumes.

Juan Luna y Novicio was a Filipino

painter, sculptor and a political activist of
the Philippine Revolution during the late
19th century.
• His Spoliarium won the gold medal in
the 1884 Madrid Exposition of Fine Arts

Damian
Domingo https://philippineculturaleduc Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo
ation.com.ph/domingo-damian/ One of the greatest Filipino painters along
with fellow painter Juan Luna in the 19th
century
• His work has a touch of Romanticism
and aesthetics of the Neoclassicism

Two Filipino Art Style developed during

the Spanish Era
• Miniaturismo art style that pays
attention to the embroidery and
texture of the costume.
• Letras y Figuras art style that
fuses letters with figures in every
Juan Luna & Felix Hidalgo
day activity amidst a common
http://topicalphilippines.com/People_Individ
uals/Hidalgo_Felix.html background. Usually used in
painting a patron’s full name.

Spoliarium
https://www.nationalmuseum.gov.ph

Miniaturismo art style

https://takdangaralin-
blog.tumblr.com/Filipinoartists

10

AMERICAN COLONIAL ART
PERIOD
(1898-1946)
The White House-
Neoclassicism https://amp.theguardian.co
m/world/2019/sep/12/israel-planted-
spying-devices-near-white-house-says-report
Manila City Hall-
Neoclassicism https://www.pinterest.ph/pi
n/218495019391965496
Chrysler Building- Art Deco
https://chryslerbuidling.com
Letras y Figuras art
style https://www.flickr.com/photos/14117283@N03/5
511622926
The American brought in Education and
Values Formation, with both following the
“American way of life” (Alice Guillermo,
Sining Biswal, 1994, p. 4)
• Art Illustration, Advertising and
Commercial Design gained popularity and
incorporated in Fine Arts.
• Painting themes still largely favored
Genre Paintings, Landscapes and Still Life.
Portraits are reserved for high ranking
officials with a more academic approach to
make the subject more formal.
Popular Art Style during the Philippine
American Colonial Period
Neoclassicism in Architecture: The White
House
Neoclassicism in Philippine Architecture:
Manila City Hall
Art Deco in Architecture Chrysler Building
Art Deco in Philippine Architecture
Metropolitan Theater
Art Nouveau in Architecture Old England
building built in Art Nouveau style. Musée
des instruments de musique – Bruxelles
Art Nouveau in Philippine Architecture Uy-
Chaco Building
ART NOUVEAU a style of decorative art,
architecture, and design prominent in
western Europe and the US from about
1890 until World War I and characterized
by intricate linear designs and flowing
curves based on natural forms.
It is also called style moderne, a movement
in the decorative arts and architecture that
originated in the 1920s and developed into
11

Metropolitan theater- Art Deco
https://www.skyscraprcity.com
Bruxelles-Art Nouveau
http://buttes-
chaumont.blogspot.com/2011/05/old-
england.html?m=1
Art Nouveau- Uy-Chaco Building
https://www.spot.ph/things-to-do/the-
latest-things-to-do/65587/neighborhood-
guide-escolta-a12520160318-lfrm
a major style in western Europe and the
United States during the 1930s. It is
characterized by simple, clean shapes,
often with a “streamlined” look ornament
that is geometric or stylized from
representational forms; and unusually
varied, often expensive materials.
NOTABLE ARTIST: FABIAN DELA ROSA
• The brightest name in Philippine painting
after Luna and
certainly the leading
Master of Genre in
the first quarter of
the century.
• His nephews are
artists as well, Pablo
and Fernando
https://kahimyang.com/kauswagan/articles/1114/
today-in-philippine-history-may-5-1869-fabian-
cueto-de-la-rosa-was-born-in-paco-manila
NOTABLE ARTIST: FERNANDO
AMORSOLO
• A portraitist and painter of rural
landscapes. He is best known for his
craftsmanship and mastery in the use of
light.
• His art styles:
Impressionism, Luminism,
Realism with subjects
inspired by Philippine
genre and historical,
nudes and society
portraits
• First awardee of the
National Artist Award in 1972
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fer
nando_Amorsolo
12
 NOTABLE ARTIST: GUILLERMO
TOLENTINO
• Won The National Artist Awards for
Sculpture in 1973
• He is consider as the "Father of
Philippine Arts" because of his great
works like the famous "Bonifacio
Monument" symbolizing Filipinos cry for
freedom and "The Oblation" in UP
signifying academic freedom.

EMERGENCE OF PHILIPPINE PRE-

MODEN ART: TRIUMVIRATE OF
PHILIPPINE MODERN ART
Guillermo Tolentino
https://www.flickr.com/photos/nccaofficial/ Victorio Edades • Carlos “Botong” Francisco
18504556539 • Galo B. Ocampo
Introduced the Modern Art styles such as
pop art, maximalism, minimalism,
abstraction, expressionism,
constructivism, magic realism, and
environmental art before the World War II
THE LEGEND OF THE 13 MODERN ART
Victorio Edades, Carlos Francisco Galo B.
Ocampo, Hernando R. Ocampo, Cesar
Legaspi, Diosdado Lorenzo, Vicente
Manansala Anita, Magsaysay-Ho Demetrio,
Diego Ricarte, Purugunan Bonifacio,
Cristobal Arsenio Capili
POST COLONIAL PERIOD The study of determining what is
(1946-1986) Philippine Contemporary Art Period is still
PHILIPPINE MODERN ART being determined since it has been used
(1946-1970) loosely even during the American Colonial
Period. However, some Philippine art
historians/critics have always been a
follower of the Western Art Style and its
trends at that point and thus, suggested
that this was actually the point where
Philippine Modern Art Period started but
went only full swing only after the war.
This is set by the creation of the Art
Cultural Center of the Philippines
https://medium.com/@jealsydecr/cultural-center-of- Association of the Philippines (AAP) that
the-philippines-53004aeab564 in a way has a strong leaning with the
Modernist than the Conservatives (the
traditional art also termed as the
Amorsolo School).

13
 Philippine Post Modern Art (1970 –
1980s)
The support of the Philippine Government
for the arts via the creation of the
Cultural Center of the Philippines
during 1969 gave a venue for all artists to
experiment and explore different art
medium tying closely to the Post Modern
Art Period of the West with Pop Art,
Installation Art, Performance Art,
dominating the scene. In contrast, social
realism became a heavy theme by most
Filipino Artist as a social commentary of
the problem brewing in the Philippine
political and social landscape.
Philippine Contemporary Art (1980s to
Present)
It was on the on-set of the sudden rise of
personal computers and new technology
created a new art medium for the arts and
human expression. But there were also
countless revivals of old styles being done.
This started a new direction for the arts
thus, setting the name momentarily, the
Philippine Contemporary Period.
Modern art is characterized by the artist's
intent to portray a subject as it exists in
the world, according to his or her unique
perspective and is typified by a rejection of
accepted or traditional styles and values.
Postmodern art is a body of art
movements that sought to contradict some
aspects of modernism or some aspects that
emerged or developed in its aftermath. In
general, movements such as intermedia,
installation art, conceptual art and
multimedia, particularly involving video are
described as postmodern.

CONTEMPORARY ART’S Contemporary art as the work of artists

CHARACTERISTICS who are living in the 21st century.
• Contemporary art mirrors contemporary
culture and society, offering the general
audience a rich resource through which to
consider current ideas and rethink the
familiar.
• The work of contemporary artists is a

14

ALTERMODERNISM
https://www.metamute.org/editorial/article
s/altermodern-movement-or-marketing
dynamic combination of materials,
methods, concepts, and subjects that
challenges traditional boundaries and
defies easy definition.
• Diverse and eclectic, contemporary art is
distinguished by the very lack of a uniform
organizing principle, ideology, or ism.
" In a globally influenced, culturally
diverse, and technologically advancing
world, contemporary artists give voice to
the varied and changing cultural landscape
of identity, values, and beliefs.
• Contemporary audiences play an active
role in the process of constructing meaning
about works of art. Some artists often say
that the viewer contributes to or even
completes the artwork by contributing his
or her personal reflections, experiences
and opinions.
Altermodernism is an attempt at
contextualizing art made in today's global
context as a reaction against
standardization and commercialism.
• Artists are looking for a new modernity
that would be based on translation. Today,
the translation of cultural values of
cultural groups and the connection of
those values to the world network are very
essential. This “reloading process” of
modernism according to the twenty-first-
century issues could be called
altermodernism, a movement connected to
the creolisation of cultures and the fight
for autonomy, but also the possibility of
producing singularities in a more and more
standardized world.
• Altermodern can essentially be read as
an artist working in a hypermodern world
or with “supermodern” ideas or themes.
15

T film and a manifesto text and attempts to
The end of postmodernism
https://aetheticmagazine.com/the-end-of-
postmodernism
The title of the Tate Britain's fourth
Triennial exhibition last 2009 curated by
Nicolas Bourriaud
The Tate exhibition includes a series of
four one-day events (called "Prologues"),
aiming to "introduce and provoke debate"
around the Triennial’s themes. Each
Prologue includes lectures, performances,
define what the curator sees as the four
main facets of Altermodern
1. The end of postmodernism
2. Cultural hybridisation
3. Travelling as a new way to produce
forms [clarification needed]
4. The expanding formats of arts

CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS CLASSIFICATION:

1. Visual Arts
• Forms perceived by the eyes
• Known as spatial arts because it is an art form that occupy space
• Includes: Painting, Sculpture and Architecture

1.1 Graphic Arts

1.1.1 Visual art forms with length and width known as two-dimensional
arts (2D Art)
1.1.2 Flat art can be seen on flat surface example: billboards and
advertisement in magazine and print ads (commercial arts), painting,
printing, drawing, sketching, mechanical processes, computer
graphics and photography

1.2 Plastic Arts

1.2.1 Visual arts with length, width and volume known as three-
dimensional arts (3D Art)
Example: Sculpture, Architecture, Landscape Architecture,
City Planning Design, Set Design, Theater Design, Industrial
Design, Crafts and Allied Arts.

2. Audio-Visual Arts
• Art forms perceived by both ears (audio) and eyes (video)
• Known as performing arts
• Examples: Music (vocal, instrumental and mixed), Dance (ethnological,
social and theatrical), Drama (tragedy, comedy, tragicomedy, farce,
melodrama, etc.)

3. Literary Arts
• Art forms that are presented in the written mode and intended to be
read
• Example: prose (short stories, novels, essays and plays) and
poetry(narrative poem, lyric poems and dramatic poems)

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 What’s More

Activity 1. Answer the discussion questions.

1. How can you infer the birth of various contemporary art forms in our country?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
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2.How can you advocate our various contemporary art forms from different
regions?
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__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

3.How will you show appreciation to the various contemporary art forms in our
country?

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__________________________________________________________________________________

Activity 2. Analyze the following visual art forms. Answer the succeeding
columns.

Visual Art Category Art Symbolism Era Signifi-

Style cance

hsdsdfhg shsdghgshg hsshghgs hshgshs

ghshfdshh shssghs shghghgsh hsghgsh gshshs
sdhsdhsh

Andres Baroquinto
https://www.pinterest.co.uk/amp
/pin/473229873319549097

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 Picasso y Yo by Julie Lluch
https://philippinesgraphic.net/2019/
05/29/julie-lluch-marrying-art-with-
literature/

The Philippine Arena

https://www.wheretogo.com.ph/event
s/philippines-arena-ranks-no-1-top-5-
earthquake-structures-world

What I Have Learned

Direction: Answer the following questions.

1. What contemporary art form classification is the most prevalent art form in our
country and why?
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2. What is the importance of the contemporary art form classification in today’s
society?

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__________________________________________________________________________________
3. What are the advantages in learning the different art forms in the Philippines?

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__________________________________________________________________________________

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