Homework 4

Problem 1:

A B

1. P = (A – B) – C
Q = (A – C) – (B – C)
 A B

2.
A B C B́ A∩ B́ Ć (A∩ B́)∩ Ć
0 0 0 1 0 1 0
0 0 1 1 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 ´ Ć )
(A∩ B́)∩ Ć ≡ A∩ Ć ¿ ∩( B∩
0 1 1 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 1 1 1 1
1 0 1 1 1 0 0
1 1 0 0 0 1 0
1 1 1 0 0 0 0

A B C Ć A∩ Ć B ∩ Ć ´ Ć ´ Ć )
B∩ (A∩ Ć ¿ ∩( B∩
0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0
1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0
1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0
3.
P = (A – B) – C
Q = (A – C) – (B – C)

Show P = Q
Show P ⊆ Q
Show x ∈ P → x ∈ Q

Assume x ∈ [(A-B)-C]
Then, x ∈ (A∩ B́) ∩ Ć
Then, x ∈ (x ∈ A ∧ x ∉ B) ∧ x ∉ C
Dist. x ∈ (x ∈ A ∧ x ∉ C) ∧ x ∉ (x ∈ B ∧ x ∉ C)
x ∈ (A∩ Ć) ∩ x ∉ (B∩ Ć)
x ∈ (A – C) – (B – C)

Show Q ⊆ P
Show x ∈ Q → x ∈ P

Assume x ∈ (A – C) – (B – C)
Then, x ∈ (A∩ Ć ) ∩ x ∉ (B∩ Ć )
Then, x ∈ (x ∈ A ∧ x ∉ C) ∧ x ∉ (x ∈ B ∧ x ∉ C)
Dist. x ∈ (x ∈ A ∧ x ∉ B) ∧ x ∉ C
x ∈ (A∩ B́) ∩ Ć
x ∈ [(A-B)-C]
Problem 2:
|A∪ B ∪ C| = |A| + |B| + |C| - |A∩ B| - |A∩ C| - |B∩ C| + |A∩ B ∩ C|

= |A| - |A∩ B| - |A∩ C| + |A∩ B ∩ C| + |B| + |C| - |B∩ C| Rewrite

= |A| - |A∩ B| - |A∩ C| + |A∩ B ∩ C| + |B ∪ C| Inclusion-Exclusion

= |A| - |A¿ ∩ (|B| - |C| + |B ∩ C|) + |B ∪ C| Distributive

= |A| - |A|∩ (|B∩ Ć| + |B∩ C|) + |B ∪ C| Set Difference

= |A| - |A|∩|B|∩ (¿ Ć∨¿ + |C| ) + |B ∪ C| Distributive

= |A| - |A|∩|B|∩ (¿ Ć ∪ C∨¿ + |C ∩C| ) + |B ∪ C| Inclusion-Exclusion

= |A| - |A|∩|B|∩ (|U| + |ϕ|) + |B ∪ C| Identity

= |A| - |A|∩|B|∩ |U| + |B ∪ C| Simplification

´
= |A| ∩ ¿ A∨∩∨B∨∩∨U∨¿ ¿ + |B ∪ C| Set
Difference

= |A|∩ ¿ Á∨¿ ∪∨B́∨¿ ∪ |U| + |B ∪ C|

DeMorgan’s

= |A|∩ |U|+ |B ∪ C| Domination

= |A| + |B ∪ C| Identity
= |A∪ B ∪ C| + |A∩ B ∪ C| Inclusion-Exclusion

= |A∪ B ∪ C|

∴ |A∪ B ∪ C| = |A| + |B| + |C| - |A∩ B| - |A∩ C| - |B∩ C| + |A∩ B ∩ C|