ChE 314

Heat Transfer
Winter 2014

Midterm
Friday, Feb. 14, 1pm NREF 1-001

Your name: ..................................................

Please remember to
1. Read the statement carefully, and make sure you understand what is asked
2. Provide a direct answer to the questions asked
3. Make clear schematics, diagrams, and graphs:
a. arrows and dimensions must point precisely to the intended locations
b. arrows and dimensions cannot finish too far or point inaccurately
c. straight, parallel, and perpendicular lines must be drawn as such
4. Express the results of calculations clearly and in the units requested
5. Write clearly the steps taken in calculations or derivations. State explicitly the
fundamental principles or definitions used
6. There is no credit for just stating any of the 7 steps used in assignments. There is no
penalty in not stating each step, as long as the requirements described above are
satisfied.
 Exam%Grade:%

1. A 200 sq. ft room needs to be cooled to 70 oF. The recommended air conditioner for this
situation should absorb 9100 BTU per hour. Express conversion steps clearly.

1.a Express the target temperature in oC (4 pt.)

1.b Express the cooling power of the air conditioner in W (4 pt.)

1.c If the room is cooled at 10 oF/h, what is the cooling rate in oC per minute? (4 pt.)

2
2. A glass window of width W=1m and height H=2m is made of a double pane construction, in
which two 5mm glass panes are separated by a 10 mm air gap. This window is in steady
state.

OUTSIDE" INSIDE"
glass"pane" A" B" C" glass"pane"
kg=1.4"W/mK" kg=1.4"W/mK"

air"
Ts,A=620"oC" ka=0.024"W/mK"

Ts,C=15"oC"

5"mm" 10"mm" 5"mm"

2.a Make a schematic of the equivalent electrical circuit identifying known temperatures
and the direction of heat flow. Consider convection on the outside surfaces of the
window, but neglect convective effects in the air gap (stagnant air). (9 pt.)

3
2.b Calculate the rate of heat loss in steady state (in W) through this window when the
outer surface of this window is at -20 oC and the inner surface of this window is at 15
o
C. Use thermal conductivity values of 1.4 W/mK for the glass and 0.024 W/mK for
the air gap. Neglect convective effects in the air gap. (18 pt.)

4
3. Consider the cup of hot coffee pictured on the right. The
spoon in the coffee acts as a pin fin accelerating its
cooling. Calculate the rate of heat loss by the coffee (in
W) due to the spoon. Assume the spoon has a
rectangular cross section of 10 mm by 3 mm, the length
sticking outside the coffee is 7 cm, and that the spoon
temperature at the location of the coffee surface is 70
o
C. Convection heat losses at the spoon tip exposed to
air can be neglected, and the fin efficiency for this
geometry is 50%. Make reasonable assumptions for any
additional data that might be necessary. (14 pt.)

5
4. Consider the heating of two solid spheres of 6 cm diameter and constant thermophysical
properties immersed in two different hot fluids at 90 oC. The initial temperature of the
spheres is 20 oC. Sphere A is made of high-purity copper, with kA=400 W/mK, and the
convection coefficient is hA=10 W/m2K. Sphere B is made of anthracite coal, with kB=0.26
W/mK, and the convection coefficient is hB=1000 W/m2K.

4.a Draw a schematic graph of temperature vs. time illustrating the evolution of center and
surface temperature for sphere A. Consider all times between 0 and infinity. Indicate
clearly characteristic temperatures in the graph. (11 pt.)

6
4.b In the graph above, indicate the location of the characteristic time(s) for the heating of
center and surface of Sphere A. Provide expression(s) for characteristic time(s). (5 pt.)

4.c Draw a schematic graph of temperature vs. time with two curves illustrating the
evolution of center and surface temperature for sphere B. Consider all times between 0
and infinity. (10 pt.)

4.d In the graph above, indicate the location of the characteristic time(s) for the heating of
center and surface of Sphere B. (6 pt.)

4.e Mention reasonable possibilities for cooling mediums A and B. (4 pt.)

7
5. A long circular bar in steady state has a constant cross section Ac, it is insulated on its sides,
has a temperature TS on one end, and has a volumetric heat generation given by:
qʹ′ʹ′ = m 2 k (T0 − T )
where k is the thermal conductivity of the bar, m is a constant parameter, and T0 is a fixed
temperature specific to the heat generation mechanism. The governing equation for
temperature distribution in this system is:
€ d 2T
2 + m (T0 − T ) = 0 (Eq. 1)
2

dx
insula'on)
circular)cross)sec'on:)Ac
end)temperature:)TS €

x insula'on)

5.a Write all boundary conditions for the case in which L can be considered infinite (5 pt.)

5.b List the independent variables, dependent variables, and parameters of Eq. 1 and its
boundary conditions. (6 pt.)

8
5.c Derive the governing equation for this system (Eq. 1). For reaching this goal,
determine a suitable control volume, then apply conservation of energy and Fourier’s
law. State explicitly relevant simplifications made. (17 pt.)

9
FORMULA SHEET
 ρcV
τ= (5.7)

hAS

€
 ChE 314
Heat Transfer
Winter 2014

Midterm
Friday, Feb. 14, 1pm NREF 1-001

Your name: ..................................................

ANSWER KEY

Please remember to
1. Read the statement carefully, and make sure you understand what is asked
2. Provide a direct answer to the questions asked
3. Make clear schematics, diagrams, and graphs:
a. arrows and dimensions must point precisely to the intended locations
b. arrows and dimensions cannot finish too far or point inaccurately
c. straight, parallel, and perpendicular lines must be drawn as such
4. Express the results of calculations clearly and in the units requested
5. Write clearly the steps taken in calculations or derivations. State explicitly the
fundamental principles or definitions used
6. There is no credit for just stating any of the 7 steps used in assignments. There is no
penalty in not stating each step, as long as the requirements described above are
satisfied.
FORMULA SHEET
 ρcV
τ= (5.7)

hAS

€
 1a 1b 1c 2a 2b 3 4a 4b 4c 4d 5a 5b 5c
4 4 4 8 14 10 11 5 10 6 4 6 21 107
min 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 27.5 min
96#
max 4 4 4 8 14 10 11 5 10 4 4 6 21 96 max
95# ave 3.576 2.682 1.712 6.765 10.12 5.705 6.152 2.697 5.659 1.947 1.379 2.477 8.894 59.77 ave
95# med 4 4 0 7 11.5 6.75 6 3 6 2 2 2 8 59 med
91#
stdev 1.124 1.747 1.928 1.452 4.086 2.892 3.011 1.875 3.125 1.65 1.241 1.575 6.373 16.42 stdev
90#
min 0% 0% 0% 25% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 26% min
max 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 67% 100% 100% 100% 90% max
85# ave 89% 67% 43% 85% 72% 57% 56% 54% 57% 32% 34% 41% 42% 56% ave
84#
85# med 100% 100% 0% 88% 82% 68% 55% 60% 60% 33% 50% 33% 38% 55% med
sig/med 28% 44% #### 21% 36% 43% 50% 62% 52% 83% 62% 79% 80% 28% sig/med
80#79.5#
79#78.5#78.5#78.5#
78#

75#
75# 72.5#72.5#72#
71.5#
70#
69#
67#
65.5#65#

65# 63.5#63.5#63#
62# 62#
61# 61# 61#
59.5#59# 59#
58.5#58#
56.5#56#

54# 54# 54#

55#
52#51.5#51.5#
51# 51#
49#48.5#
48#47.5#
47# 47# 47#
45# 45#
44#43.5#
45# 43#
42#

39.5#
38#

35.5#

35#
32#
31#
29#
27.5#

25#
A+   A   A-­‐   B+   B   B-­‐   C+   C   C-­‐