2020 – 2021 Academic Year

SPRİNG Term
GEM.312
Marine Auxiliary Machinery
Instructor
Professor Osman Azmi ÖZSOYSAL
Office no 323

Phone +90 (212) 285-65-16

E-mail ozsoysal@itu.edu.tr

Corresponding adress
Istanbul Technical University
Naval Architecture & Ocean Eng’g Fac.
Ayazaga Campus, Maslak 34469
Sariyer - Istanbul
Haven’t you never been in a machinery room before?

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Giant sized marine propulsion engines are needed for the desired service speed

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Naval Architects & Marine Engineers design the engine room

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Inner view of Machinery Space,

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Ladder and stair Removable pressed floor plates
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Skid proof (non-slip) floor covering
Workshop, spare parts and repair tools

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Have you ever imagined how a command & control room looks like?

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 Command and Control
Room
or
Marine Engineer’s Office

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What should we understand when hearing
the Marine Auxiliary Machinery ?
 Compressors (primary starting of ME and compressed air)
 Fans (blowing the fresh air / exhausting the dirty air)
 Pumps (circulating the fluids, i.e FW, SW, DW, LO, FO etc)
 Heat exchangers (cooling / heating / regeneration / cogeneration)
 Boilers (hot water /steam)
 Evaporators / Fresh water generator (FW from SW)
 Filters, strainers, purifiers, seperators (cleaning the working fluid)
 Rudder (manouvering)
 Anchors / windlass (keeping the positioning)
 Refrigerating rooms (food storing)
 HVAC (heating, ventilating and air-conditioning)
 Gen-Sets (energy balance / power units)
 FI-FI systems (fire fighting)
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 Inert Gas / Tank washing systems (Cargo safety in tankers)
COURSE OBJECTIVES:

Course objectives are;

1. to introduce the marine auxiliary machineries and their associates,
2. to provide students with the design skills and equipment selection
principles,
3. to provide an ability to students calculating the capacities of auxiliary
machineries.

COURSE OUTCOMES:

Students who pass the course will have;

I. an ability to apply knowledge of engineering,
II. an ability to design and select essential marine auxiliaries,
III.an ability to apply knowledge of engineering into thermal systems in
machinery room.
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 Level of
Program Student Outcomes Contribution
1 2 3
An ability to identify, formulate, and solve complex engineering
1 problems by applying principles of engineering, science, and X
mathematics.
An ability to apply engineering design to produce solutions that meet specified
2 needs with consideration of public health, safety, and welfare, as well as global, X
cultural, social, environmental, and economic factors.
3 An ability to communicate effectively with a range of audiences. X
An ability to recognize ethical and professional responsibilities in engineering
4 situations and make informed judgments, which must consider the impact of X
engineering solutions in global, economic, environmental, and societal contexts.
An ability to function effectively on a team whose members together provide
5 leadership, create a collaborative and inclusive environment, establish goals, plan X
tasks, and meet objectives.
An ability to develop and conduct original experimentation, analyse and interpret
6 data, and use engineering judgment to draw conclusions.
X
An ability to acquire and apply new knowledge as needed, using appropriate
7 learning strategies.
X

An ability to apply basic knowledge of fluid mechanics, structural

8 mechanics, material properties, and energy/propulsion systems in X
the context of marine vehicles. 12
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Activities Quantity Effects on Grading, %

Midterm Exams 2 60 %

Quizzes

Homework

Projects

Term Paper/Project

Laboratory Work

Others (attendance to class activity) min 10 / 14 weeks

( 70 %)
Final Exam 1 40 %

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 References:
 R.L. Arrington, Marine Engineering, SNAME, 1992
 H.D. McGeorge, Marine Auxiliary Machinery, 7th ed., published
by Butterworth & Heinemann, 1995
 D.W. Smith, Marine Auxiliary Machinery, 6th ed., published by
Butterworths, 1983
 J.S.Carlton, Marine Propellers and Propulsion, Butterworth-
Hinemann (1994)
 Project Guides, published by several engine manufacturers
 ISO standards, Lloyd Rules and requirements
 Lectures notes
 F.Eralp, Gemi Yardımcı Makinaları 1-2, İTÜ Basımı, 1983

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ISO Standards
• ISC 47.020.Shipbuilding and marine structures in general
Including offshore structures, except offshore structures for
petroleum and natural gas industries, and seabed mining
• ISC 47.040.Seagoing vessels
Including their systems and components
• ISC 47.060.Inland navigation vessels
Including their systems and components
• ISC 47.080.Small craft
Including small craft systems and components, and life-saving
appliances
Useful links:
www.iso.org
www.tse.org.tr
www.kutuphane.itu.edu.tr 15
 Lloyd rules

The requirements in Machinery Rules Booklet

named Chapter 4 are to be the main reference
for the Course.

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SYLLABUS
Course
Weeks Topics Learning
Outcomes

1 Introduction, description and definitions I-II

2 Anchor and windlasses I-II-III
3 Marine rudder and its operational characteristics I-II-III
4 Primary starting air system and compressors I-II-III
5 Filters, strainers and separators I-II-III
6 Basic principles of heat transfer theory I-II-III
7 Shell and tube type heat exchangers I-II-III
8 Refrigerating rooms design I-II-III
9 Ventilating principles I-II-III
10 Air-conditioning I-II-III
11 Midterm exam I-II-III
12 Pipe fittings characteristics, valve types and their properties I-II-III
13 Pump types, their utilities and operational characteristics. I-II-III
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14 Pump selection, serial and parallel operation and main circuits in machinery room I-II-III
 Essentials for selection the
marine auxiliaries :

• Approved standards related with design objectives

• Relevant requirements of Class Rules
• Ship owner's requests
• Conventional applications and suitable modifications
accord to ship’s type / special design concepts
• Available area for machinery arrangement and engineering
solutions

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 General design principles

 Propulsion plant shall be capable of maintaining in free route astern

at least 70% of rated ahead speed for a period of at least 30 minutes

 Emergency diesel generators are to be capable of being readily started in

cold condition at ambient temperature of 0oC. Where such starting is
impracticable or at lower temperatures at the space, provision shall be
made for heating devices to ensure safe starting and taking up the load by
the diesel generators

 Emergency generator and other means needed to restore the propulsion

shall have a capacity such that the necessary propulsion starting energy is
available within at most 30 minutes of black out or dead ship condition

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 Operating conditions
Table 1 Water temperatures
Coolant Temperature (oC)
Seawater + 32 (1)

Charge air coolant inlet to charge air cooler + 32 (1)

(1) Class Society may approve lower water temperatures for ships operating only in special geographical
areas.

Table 2 Air temperatures at atmospheric pressure of 100 kPa with a relative humidity of 60%

Installations, components Location, arrangement Temperature range [°C]

in enclosed spaces 0 to +45 (2)

Machinery and electrical installations on machinery components, boilers in

According to specific
spaces, subject to higher or lower
(1) local conditions
temperatures

on the open deck -25 to +45

(1) Electrical/Electronic devices shall ensure satisfactory operation even at a constant air temperature of
+55°C.
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(2) Class Society may approve lower air temperatures for ships designed only for service in special
Concepts & definitons
• Machinery room (engine room)
Engine room is a machinery space intended for the main engines,
(for the main generators in case of ships with electric propulsion plants)

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• Main machinery
Main machinery is the engine being part of the propulsion plant.
• Auxiliary machinery
Auxiliary machinery is the machinery necessary for the operation of main
engines, supply of the ship with electric power and other kinds of energy,
as well as functioning of the systems.

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• Equipment
Equipment comprises all type of filters, heat exchangers, separators,
purifiers, tanks and other arrangements ensuring normal operation of a
machinery installation.

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• Propulsion plant
Propulsion plant is the total machinery and arrangements which generate,
convert and transmit the power for ensuring the cruising of ship in safe at
all specified rates of speed and comprising propellers, shafting, main
gearing and main machinery, including electric propulsion units.

1. Rudder stock
2. Rudder
3. Propeller bonnet
4. Propeller
5. Stern frame
6. Stern tube sealing
7. Stern tube bearings
8. Stern tube
9. Tail shaft

10. Plummer block, pillow block, shaft block

13. Flywheel
11. Intermediate shaft
14. Crank shaft 24
12. Thrust shaft
• The “dead ship”– “blackout” condition
The "dead ship" condition and the blackout condition have same meaning
such that the entire machinery installation including the electrical power
supply is out of operation and that auxiliary sources of energy such as
starting air, battery supplied starting current etc. are not available for
restoring the ship's electrical system, restarting auxiliary operation and
bringing the propulsion installation back into operation.

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• Main active means of the ship’s steering
It is a propulsion and steering unit being part of the propulsion plant.

• Auxiliary active means of the ship’s steering

It is a propulsion and steering unit ensuring propulsion and steering of a
ship at low speed or steering of a ship at zero speed when the ship is
equipped with main means of propulsion and steering, and is used either in
combination with the latter or when the main means of propulsion and
steering are inoperative.

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• Main machinery control room
It is the most essential place, as a heart of the vessel, which containing the
remote controls of main and auxiliary machineries, Controllable Pitch
Propellers (CPP), main and auxiliary Amplitude Modulation Signalling
System (AMSS), indicating instruments, alarm devices and means of
communication.
• Remote control
Remote control is the changing of the speed and direction of rotation as
well as starting and stopping the machinery from a remote position.

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• Hazardous area

Areas where flammable or explosive gases, vapour or dust are normally

present or likely to be present are called as hazardous areas. These areas,
however, more specifically defined for certain machinery installations,
storage spaces and cargo spaces that present such hazard, e.g.:
 Helicopter refuelling facilities.
 Paint stores
 Cargo oil tanks and other spaces of oil carriers
 Ro-Ro cargo spaces

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• Rigid support
In case of metal-to-metal contact where the engine mounts to the frame,
rigidly. Main engines and auxiliaries are fixed onto their seating (or their
foundations) with utilizing bolts and nuts.

• Yielding support
A support that incorporates a sliding or flexible joint or stilt to
accommodate early pressure and thus delays damage and distortion of the
support. Friction or hydraulic devices may be used so that a support, when
subjected to a load above its set load, yields mechanically rather than by
distorting. This supports are also called as, resilient mount, shock
absorber, vibration insulator, rubber insulator, damper etc.

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• Means of escape
Means of escape in case of fire means the provision of safe routes from the
lowest part of the machinery room floor plates to a place of safety,
enabling the person to escape from fire or smoke by his / her own unaided
efforts .

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• End of the first lecture in class !
• Questions and remarks ?

• Next week’s subject

« anchoring and windlasses ». 31