GEOLOGI RHEOLO

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STRUKTUR
PERGUNAKAN DENGAN
BIJAKSANA

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Hanya Untuk Kepentingan
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Pribadi / Belajar
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Lab Geodinamik ITB

GEOLOGI RHEOLO
STRUKTURRHEOLOGY GY

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Benyamin Sapiie

Geodynamic Research Group – ITB

2016
GEOLOGI RHEOLO
GY
STRUKTUR
RHEOLOGY – STRESS VS. STRAIN
• Evaluate Using Experiment of Rock Deformation
• Rheology of The Rocks

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• Using Triaxial Deformation Apparatus

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• Measuring Shortening

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• Measuring Strain Rate

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ID
• Strength and Ductility

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LO
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 GEOLOGI
STRUKTUR

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RHEOLO
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 GEOLOGI RHEOLO
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STRUKTUR
TRIAXIAL TEST

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MODEL APPARATUS
 GEOLOGI RHEOLO
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STRUKTUR
STRESS VS. STRAIN DIAGRAM
Yield Strength
400 After Strain
Hardening Ultimate

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D Strength

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C

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B E

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300

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A

Differential Stress (in MPa)

Yield

ID
Strength

G
Rep ture

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Strength

EO
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200
M
IU
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100
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1 2 3 4 5 6
Strain (in %)
 GEOLOGI
STRUKTUR

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RHEOLO
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 GEOLOGI
STRUKTUR

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RHEOLO
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GEOLOGI RHEOLO
GY
STRUKTUR

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Hooke’s Law: s = Ee, E = Modulus Young or elasticity

Newtonian : s = he, h = viscosity, e = strain-rate
 GEOLOGI
STRUKTUR

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RHEOLO
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 GEOLOGI
STRUKTUR

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RHEOLO
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 GEOLOGI RHEOLO
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STRUKTUR
POISSON’S RATIO (u)

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POISSON’S EFFECT

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GEOLOGI RHEOLO
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STRUKTUR
CONFINING PRESSURE

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 GEOLOGI
STRUKTUR

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RHEOLO
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GEOLOGI RHEOLO
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STRUKTUR
PORE (FLUID) PRESSURE

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GEOLOGI RHEOLO
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STRUKTUR
TEMPERATURE
2000

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25ºC

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IN
Differential Stress (in MPa)

1500

ID
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LO
EO
300ºC

G
M
1000 R
IU
O
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500ºC
R
BO

500
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700ºC

800ºC
0
5 10 15 Strain (in %)
GEOLOGI RHEOLO
GY
STRUKTUR
STRAIN-RATE

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 GEOLOGI
STRUKTUR

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RHEOLO
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GEOLOGI RHEOLO
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STRUKTUR
RHEOLOGY IN EARTH CRUST

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GEOLOGI RHEOLO
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STRUKTUR
Stress Strain

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Stress vs. Strain Ellipsoid

 GEOLOGI RHEOLO
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STRUKTUR
Limitation of The Concept of Stress in Structural Geology

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• No quantitative relationship
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between stress and permanent strain

• Paleostress determination contain
errors
• No implication equation relating stress
to strain rate that causes the
deformation
 GEOLOGI RHEOLO
GY
STRUKTUR
• BRITTLE • DUCTILE

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A

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 GEOLOGI RHEOLO
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STRUKTUR
MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF ROCKS
• Rheology apply for elastic and viscous materials.

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• Rheology is material response that relates stress and strain

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• Stress = (material constant) * strain  (Hooke’s Law)

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• Elasticity (i.e. spring): instantaneous recoverable (non-permanent) material

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response

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• Elasticity derives from chemical bonds among atoms in rock

EO
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• Viscosity: time-dependent, permanent (non-recoverable) material response
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IU
• Most rock behaves with both of these characteristic (elastic and viscous)
R
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• Fracture results from catastrophic rupture of those chemical bonds to make

AT
R

a surface through the rock having no cohesion

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• Friction is the resistance to sliding due to mechanical interaction across a

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surface lacking cohesion.

• Crystal plasticity results from the movement of defect within crystals.