Name : Rida Wati

Student Id. : 20200410149

Competency test 2 : Fiqh Islam

#Answered

1. If the direction of the Qibla is unknown, it is mandatory to try to find out, either by
asking questions or estimating the direction of the Qibla. After that, he is legitimate to
pray in a direction that is firmly forgotten as the Qibla.
Allah said, "And to Allah belongs the East and the West. So wherever you turn, there is
the face of Allah”. (al-Baqarah [2]: 115)
2. what the residents can do is to do istisqa prayer, namely praying to ask for rain to come
down, which is done when there is a long dry season or because rain is needed for certain
purposes.
3. Qadha fasting is to replace fasting that previously could not be done during the month of
Ramadan, for example when traveling far, and for the women who have period. So after
ramadhan mounth they should be change it.
4. Muslim may not fast :
- People who are sick and are not able to fast, or if they are fasting, the disease will get
worse.
- A person who is on a long journey (+80,640 km) may break the fast, but after the
month of Ramadan he is obliged to change it before the next Ramadan.
- Parents who are weak and no longer strong enough to fast are allowed to break the
fast and are obliged to pay fidyah (giving alms), that is, every day ¾ liter of rice or
the same as that (filling food) to the poor (if he is a capable person).
- People who are pregnant and those who are breastfeeding children, if they are afraid
of harm to themselves and their children, then they may leave the fast and are obliged
to change the fast before the next Ramadan.

5. Commandements of Zakat :
- At least 28 verses of the qur’an mention the commandements to pray along with the
commandement of zakat
- This shows a correlation between prayer and zakat
- Primarily, bodily worship is prayer, and most importantly property is zakat
- So leaving the commandement of zakat is the same as leaving prayer

The foundation that shows Zakah is one of the pillars of Islam are :
 The goal of zakat are :
o To prevent muzakki (people who do zakah) from being stingo prevent
muzakki (people who do zakah) from being stingy
o Harmonization of relationship between the rich and the poor
o Clean up treasure
o Growing blessing on property for zakah
6. For salary nisab to obligated pay zakat is same with 85 gr gold (1 gr gold equal with
Rp873.556 (from Harga-emas.org) x 85 = Rp74.252.000) and able to pay when the salary
given. The lecturer has Rp.15.500.000 so the lecture not able yet for pay zakat.
For saving money the nisab is same wit 85 gr gold its mean Rp74.252.000 and paid after
one year the money average nisab. The lecture has Rp74.252.000 saving money so he
able to pay zakat. He should pay zakat 2,5% from sum of his saving money it mean 2,5%
from Rp78.000.000 is Rp1.950.00
Nisab gold is 85 gr. The lecture have 45 gr gold, so he not able yet to pay zakat.
Nisab harvest is 1.400kg. the lecture get 1.600kg and easy to get water for his field, so
zakat that should paid is 10% from 1.600kg is 160kg
So, the lecture should pay Rp1950.00 and 160kg his harvest.

ُ ْ‫ض ُم َرا َغ ًما َكثِيرًا َو َس َعةً ۚ َو َم ْن يَ ْخرُجْ ِم ْن بَ ْيتِ ِه ُمهَا ِجرًا إِلَى هَّللا ِ َو َرسُولِ ِه ثُ َّم يُ ْد ِر ْكهُ ْال َمو‬
7. ‫ ْد‬HHَ‫ت فَق‬ ِ ْ‫اجرْ فِي َسبِي ِل هَّللا ِ َي ِج ْد فِي اأْل َر‬
ِ َ‫َو َم ْن يُه‬
‫َوقَ َع أَجْ ُرهُ َعلَى هَّللا ِ ۗ َو َكانَ هَّللا ُ َغفُورًا َر ِحي ًما‬
Barangsiapa keluar dari rumahnya dengan maksud berhijrah kepada Allâh dan Rasul-
Nya, kemudian kematian menimpanya (sebelum sampai ke tempat yang dituju), maka
sungguh telah tetap pahalanya di sisi Allâh. dan adalah Allâh Maha Pengampun lagi
Maha Penyayang. [An-Nisa’/4:100]

As surah An-Nisa above we can concluded if he still get pahala, and if the guardian have
enough money beside money for hajj they will used that hajj quota.
8. As the hajj obligation are :
- Irham from miqat (miqat atei and zamani)
- Overnight at Muzdalifah
- Throw zumrah aqabah (10 Dzulhijah)
- Throw zumrah at Mina for 3 days
- Overnight in Mina (11,12,13 Dzulhijah)
- Abandoning Hajj restrictions

As sunnah of hajj are :

- Taking a bath before ihram

- Doing ifrad hajj
- Reading tarbiyah
- Reading prayer after tarbiyah
- Doing thawaf qudum when entering masjidil haram
- Increase reading and dhikr and prayers
- Drink Zam-zam water
- Pray two rak’ahs after tawaf
9. Before ihram s/he is doing :
- Bath
- Shaving hair such as mustache, pubic hair, and armpit hair
- Wear fragrances
- Take off all sewn clothes

What have to be avoided :

- Shave hair
- Cutting nails
- Covering the head for men
- Wear clothes that are sewn
- Use perfume
- Kill and hunt for land animals
- Perform the marriage contract
- Having sex
10. Principle of Fiqh Al Ibadat
- 1. INTENTION TO ALLAH, al Fatihah/2 : 1-5
)٥( ُ‫ك نَ ْستَ ِعين‬
َ ‫ك نَ ْعبُ ُد َوإِيَّا‬ ِ ِ‫) َمال‬٣( ‫) الرَّحْ َم ِن ال َّر ِح ِيم‬٢( َ‫) ْال َح ْم ُد هَّلِل ِ َربِّ ْال َعالَ ِمين‬١( ‫َّح ِيم‬
َ ‫) إِيَّا‬٤( ‫ك يَوْ ِم الدِّي ِن‬ ِ ‫بِس ِْم هَّللا ِ الرَّحْ َم ِن الر‬
1) In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful. 2) [All] praise is
[due] to Allah, Lord of the worlds. 3. The Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful, 4.
Sovereign of the Day of Recompense. 5. It is You we worship and You we ask for help.
- mm
11. According to etymology, the word fiqh comes from the Arabic ‫ ال‬which means to
understand, such as the statement ‫ الُ ْتهَّقَف‬which means "I understand the lesson". In
language the word fiqh can be interpreted as al-Ilm, which means knowledge, and al-
fahm, which means understanding. So fiqh can be interpreted as a deep science. So
understanding we can distinguish between good and bad, and between right and wrong.
12. principles of fiqh al Muammalah :
- Basically all forms of muamalah are permissible. (ex : Except muamalah activities or
actions that are prohibited in the Qur'an and Al-Hadith.) This provides opportunities
and opportunities for the creation of various new muamalah according to the times.
- Mumalalah is done on a voluntary basis, without containing elements of coercion. (Ex
: Buy and sell)
- Muamalah is done on the basis of consideration of bringing benefits and avoiding
harm in society. . (ex : Mrs. Marni owns a fried chicken shop. He wants to increase
his business but is limited in capital. Then he borrowed money at KMKP (Permanent
Karya Modal Credit)).
- Muamalah is implemented by maintaining the values of justice, avoiding elements of
persecution in taking opportunities. (Ex : Sanah will make bread for the thanksgiving
event at her house. But at that time the oven was broken so he had to borrow a
neighbor's oven until the breads were finished.)