Q Bank CL As Sem IV 2017

L.J.
Institute of Engineering & Technology Semester: IV (2017)
Subject Name: Advanced Surveying

Subject Code:2140601
Faculties: Mr. Timir Chokshi & Mr. Sural Jani
Sr. CHAPTER NO- 1: Tacheometry Surveying Marks

No
TOPIC:1 Introduction
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 Tacheometry Survey is adopted in _______.(LJIET) 01
Ans: Rough and difficult terrain
2 The relative error in tacheometry survey will not exceed_______.(LJIET) 01
Ans: 1 in 1000
3 Which of the following methods of contouring is most suitable for a hilly terrain? 01
a) Direct method b) squaremethod c) cross-sections method d) tachometric method.
(Jun 2016)[LJIET]
4 An anallatic lens is provided to make the additive constant equal to 01
(a) 25 (b) 00 (c) 100 (d) 55(Nov 2016) [LJIET]
5 The multiplying constant of the tacheometer is given by 01
(a) f / i (b) f - i (c) f + d (d) f + 2d(Nov 2016) [LJIET]
DESCRIPTIVE QUESTIONS
1 What is tacheometric surveying? What are the advantages of tacheometric surveying? Explain 07
various methods of tacheometry. (Nov 2011) (Jun 2013) [LJIET]
2 Explain the term ‘Tacheometry’. What are the applications of tacheometric survey? Mention the 04
instruments used in tacheometric survey. (Jun 2014) [LJIET]
3 What are the purposes of tacheometic surveying? (Dec 2014) [LJIET] 03
4 What is tacheometric surveying?(Dec 2015) [LJIET] 02
5 What is tacheometry? Briefly discuss purposes of tacheometirc surveying(Nov 2017-old) 04
[LJIET]
TOPIC:2 Principle & Instruments
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 State Principle of Tacheometry(LJIET) 01
Ans: “In isosceles triangles, the ratio of the perpendicular from the vertex on their bases
and their bases is constant”
2 A theodolite fitted with a diaphragm is known as _______.(LJIET) 01
Ans: Micrometer
3 What is measured by substance bar?(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 01
1 What is the principle of tacheometry?(Nov 2011, Dec 2010) [LJIET] 03
2 Explain principle of tacheometry.(Nov 2016) [LJIET] 03
3 Enlist characteristics of tacehometer.(Nov 2016) [LJIET] 04
TOPIC:3Methods of Tacheometry
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 As the distance between the tacheometer and staff increases, the staff increases, the staff 01
intercept by stadia hair(LJIET)
Ans: Increases
2 In tangential method of tacheometer try, to find out the horizontal distance the vertical angle 01
measured are: (LJIET)
Ans: two
3 Substense Bar system is generally used for measurement of horizontal distance in (LJIET) 01
Advanced Survey (2140601) 2016 Page 1
L.J. Institute of Engineering & Technology Semester: IV (2017)
Ans: Undulating Area

1 Differentiate (i) Fixed hair method and Movable hair method. (Jun 2010) [LJIET] 3.5
2 What is tangential method of tacheometry? (May 2012) [LJIET] 02
3 Explain principle of stadia method. (Dec 2012) [LJIET] 07
4 Discuss the Stadia system of tacheometirc measurements (Jun 2014) [LJIET] 04
5 Explain stadia method of techeometry. (Dec 2014) [LJIET] 04
6 What is tacheometry? Briefly discuss purposes of tacheometirc surveying and methods of 07
tacheometry.(Jun 2016) [LJIET]
7 What are the different systems of tacheomatric survey? Explain the stadia 07
system. (Jun 2017-old) [LJIET]
8 Describe method of determine tacheometer constants in field.(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET] 03
9 State salient features of tangential method(Nov 2017) [LJIET] 03
10 Differentiate between stadia hair method and tangential method.(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET] 03
TOPIC:4Distance & Elevation Derivations
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 The additive constant of the tacheometer is given by (LJIET) 01
Ans: f+d
2 The Multiplying constant of the tacheometer is given by (LJIET) 01
Ans: f/i
3 In what condition equation KS+C is used in techeometry.(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 01
1 Derive the expressions for horizontal and vertical distances in the fixed hair method when the 04
staff is held vertically and the measure angle is that of elevation. (Dec 2010) [LJIET]
2 What is principle of stadia method?(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 03
3 Derive the formula for finding the Distance and elevation of staff station by tacheometer 07
when staff is held vertical. (Jun 2010) [LJIET]
4 Derive the expression for the horizontal & vertical distances in the fixed hair method when the 07
staff is held vertically and the measured angle is that of elevation (June 2011, June 2013)
[LJIET]
5 Derive the expressions for horizontal and vertical distances in the fixed hair method when the 04
staff is held normally and the measure angle is that of elevation. (Nov 2011) [LJIET]
6 Derive the expressions for horizontal and vertical distances by the tangential method when both 05
the angles measured are those of elevation. (May 2012) [LJIET]
7 Derive equation for V and H in tacheometry when staff held vertically in fixed hair 07
method(June 2015)[LJIET]
8 Derive the expressions for horizontal and vertical distance in the fixed hair method when the line 05
of sight is inclined but staff is held vertically and the measured angle is that of depression.(Dec
2015) [LJIET]
9 Derive the expression for horizontal and vertical distances in fixed hair method, when the staff is 07
held vertically and measured angle is that of elevation .Also find R. L. of staff station.(June
2015-old) [LJIET]
10 What is tacheometry? Derive an expression for horizontal and vertical distances measurement in 07
the fixed hair stadia method for when the staff held normal and the measure angle is that of
depression.(Nov 2016-old) [LJIET]
11 Explain the principle of tacheometry. Derive the expression for horizontal & vertical distances 07
by the tangential method when both the angels measured are those of elevation.(Dec 2015-old)
[LJIET]
12 Describe the expression for horizontal and vertical distances by the fixed hair method when the staff 07
is held vertically & the measured angle is that of elevation. ..(Nov 2016) [LJIET]
13 Derive the distance and elevation formulae used in techeometry for staff held vertical.(Jun 2017) 07
[LJIET]
NUMERICALS
1 Determine gradient from point A to point B from following observations made using tachometer 07
fitted with anallatic lens at instrument station P for staff held vertically. (Jun2010) [LJIET]
Staff Point Bearing Vertical Angle Staff Reading
0 0
A 130 +10 40’ 1.360, 1.915,2.470
0 0
B 220 +5 20’ 1.065,1.885,2.705
2 To determine the distance between two stations A and B, a tacheometer was set up at a point P 07
on the line AB and the following observations were obtained on astaff vertically held Calculate
the horizontal distance AB and RL of B when the constants of instrument are 100 and 0.00.(Dec
2010) [LJIET]
Instrument Staff Vertical Staff Remark

station station angle Readings
P A + 80 24´ 2.225 R. L.of
2.605 A is
2.985 50.000 M
B - 10 6´ 1.640,
1.920,
2.200
3 The following readings refer to a closed traverse ABCDA run by a tacheometer fitted with 07
anallatic lens. The constant of the instrument was 100 and the staff was normal. Find the length
and bearing of DA. (Nov 2011) [LJIET]
Line Bearing Vertical Staff
angle intercept
AB 40° 20' + 4° 00' 1.750
BC 310° 40' + 3° 10' 1.480
CD 220° 00' + 2° 20' 1.670
4 The following observations were taken using a tacheometer fitted with an anallatic lens, 07
the staff being held vertically. The constant of tacheometer is 100.Determine PQ, QR and RLS
of P, Q, R (June 2011) [LJIET]
Instst Height Staff Vertical Hair Remark

of axis station angle readings
P 1.45 B.M - 6 0 12’ 0.98,

1.54,
2.10
P 1.45 Q + 7 0 5’ 0.83, R.L of
1.36, B.M
1.89 384.25 m
Q 1.57 R +12 0 21’ 1.89,
2.48,
3.07
5 To determine the gradient between two points P and Q, a tacheometer was set up at another 07
station R and the following observations were taken, keeping the staff vertical
Staff at Vertical angle Stadia readings
P +4° 40’ 1.210,1.510,1.810
Q -0° 40’ 1.000,1.310,1.620
If the horizontal angle PRQ is 36°20’, determine the average gradient betweenP and Q. Take
A=100, B=0 and RL of HI=100 M. (May 2012) [LJIET]
6 Find the gradient from P to Q using the data given in TableThe staff was held normal to the line 07
of sight in both cases. Value of tacheometricconstansts is 100 and 0.3(Dec 2012) [LJIET]
Inst Staff St. Line Bearing Vertical Angle Cross Hair Reading
A P AP 84036 30 30’ 1.35, 2.10, 2.85
A Q AQ 142024 20 45’ 1.9555, 2.875, 3.765
7 During the course of a tacheometric survey, the following readings were recorded The 07
tacheometer was anallatic and the multiplying constant was 100. The staff was held vertical.
Calculate the RL of station P. (Jun 2013) [LJIET]
Inst. St. HI Staff St. Vertical Staff Remark

angle reading
O 1.750 BM - 8024' 1.250,
1.600, RL of
1.950 BM=312.67
O 1.650 CP - 7 012' 1.430, CP is
1.580, change
1.730 Point
P 1.570 CP + 9 036' 1.670,
1.950,
2.230
8 The following observations were taken from two traverse stations by means of a tacheometer 07
fitted with an anallactic lens. The constant of the instrument is 100Compute the length and
gradient of the line CD if B is 7.00 m higher than A. Assume RL of A is 100 m . (Dec 2013)
[LJIET]
Inst. St Staff St. HI Bearing Vertical Staff

Angle Readings
A C 1.40 226° 30’ +10° 12’ 0.765,
1.595,
2.425
B D 1.45 84° 45’ -12° 30’ 0.820,
1.850,
2.850
Co-ordinates of station A 212.3 N 186.8 W
Co-ordinates of station B 102.8 N 96.4 W
9 A tacheomter was set up at station A and the following readings were obtained on a vertically 06
held staff. The constants of instruments were 100.0 and 0.10. Find the distance of BM from A
and distance AB, and also find out RL of B.(Jun 2014) [LJIET]
Instrument Staff Station Vertical Angle Staff Reading Remark
Staff
A BM -4022’ 1.050, RL of BM is
1.105 1958.30
1.155
B +1000’ 0.955,
1.035
1.160
10 The following observations were made using a tacheometer fitted with an anallatic lens, the 07
multiplying constant being 100 and additive constant is 0 and the staff held vertically. Calculate
the distance AB and the RLs of A and B. Find also the gradient of the line AB. (Dec 2014)
[LJIET]
Inst HI Staff WCB Vertical Hair Remark
Station Station Angle Reading
O 1.550 A 30030’ 4030’ 1.155, R.L of O
1.755, is 150
2.355
B 75030’ 10015’ 1.250
2.00
2.750
11 The followings are the details of tacheometric reading were obtained on a staff vertically held 07
calculate PQ and RL of Q Take M=100 and D=0(June 2015)[LJIET]
Staff
P BM -5030’ 1.150, RL of BM is
1.800, 100.00
2.450
Q +600’ 0.790,
1.510,
2.300
12 A tacheometer was set up at a station A and the following readings were obtained on a staff 07
vertically held.Calculate the horizontal distance AB and R.L. of B., when the constants of
instruments are 100 and 0.10.(Dec 2015) [LJIET]
Staff
A BM -7020’ 1.400, RL of BM is
2.000, 500.00 m.
2.600
B +6040’ 1.000,
1.800,
2.600
13 To determine elevation of station P and Q in a tacheometer survey, the following observations 07
were with the staff held vertical. The instrument was fitted with an analytical lens and having
multiplying constant was 100. Calculate R.L. of station P, Q and horizontal distances PQ and
OQ.(Jun 2015-old) [LJIET]
Instrument H.I. Staff Vertica
(m) l angle Staffreading (m) Remark
O 1.35 B.M. -6°00’ 1.335 1.895 2.460 R.L. of B.M is 240m
O 1.35 Q +8°30’ 0.780 1.265 1.745
P 1.30 Q -6°30’ 1.155 1.615 2.075

14 Instrument Staff Bearing Vertical 04

angle Staffreading (m)
Station station
P Q 82° +3°52’ 1.65 3.15

R 144° -5°52’ 0 1.955 3.765
Constant are 100 &0.3 . Staff held Vertical. Find The
. Gradient From Q to R
(Jun 2016) [LJIET]
15 To determine the gradient between two points A and B, a tacheometer was setup at “O” and 07
the following observations were taken, keeping the staff held in vertical position. (Nov 2016-
old)[LJIET]
Sr No Staff Vertical Staff readings (m)
1 A - 6° 30’ 1.335,1.895,2.460
2 B + 4° 00’ 0.780,1.265,1.745
If the horizontal angle AOB is 40º30’, determine the average gradient between A and B.
Take the value of multiplying constant as 100 and that of additive constant as 0. Reduced
level of benchmark of station A is 200.30 m.
16 A leveling staff is held vertical at a distance of 150 m, 200 m & 250 m from the axis of 07
tacheometer& the staff intercept for horizontal sight are 1.495 m, 2.0 m & 2.505 m
respectively. Find the constants of the instrument. (Dec 2015-old) [LJIET]
17 Instrument Staff Station Vertical Angle Staff Reading Remark 07

Staff
C BM -5020’ 1.150, RL of BM is
1.800 750.50 m
2.450
C D +08012’ 0.750,
1.500
2.250
A tacheometer was set up at a station C & the following readings were obtained on a staff
vertically held. Calculate the horizontal distance CD & R.L of D when the constant of
instrument are 100 & 0.15..(Nov 2016)[LJIET]
18 Determine the gradient from point A to point B from the following observations made using 07
techeometer fitted with anallatic lens at instrument station P for staff held vertically... (Jun
2016-old) [LJIET]
Staff point Bearing Vertical angle Staff reading

A 130 0 +10 040’ 1.360, 1.915, 2.470
B 220 0 - 5 020’ 1.065, 1.885, 2.705

19 Compute the gradient from point A to point B for staff held vertically for below observations. 07
(Jun 2017)[LJIET]
Inst. Bearing Staff Vertical Staff

Station point angle readings
P 134° A +10o 1.360, 1.915, 2.470
224° B +5o 1.065, 1.885, 2.705
20 Following observations were taken from two traverse stations by means of tacheometer fitted 07
with an anallactic lens. The constant of the instrument is 100.
Instrument Staff Ht. of Bearings Vertical Staff readings
station station instrum angle
A C 1.40 226° 30' +10° 12' 0.765, 1.595, 2.425
B D 1.45 84° 45' -12° 30' 0.820, 1.840, 2.860
Co-ordinates of station A are 212.3 N , 186.8 W
Co-ordinates of station B are 102.8 N , 96.4 W
Compute the length and gradient of the line CD if B is 6.5 m higher than A .(Jun 2017-old)
[LJIET]
21 Determine the gradient from point A to point B from the following observations made using 07
techeometer fitted with anallatic lens at instrument station P for staff held vertically.
(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET]
Staff point Bearing Vertical angle Staff reading
A 130° + 10° 40’ 1.360,1.915,2.470
B 220° - 5° 20’ 1.065,1.885,2.705
22 Compute the horizontal distance PA and RL of point A for staff hel

vertically for below observations taken by techeometer.BM=100 m , 07
K=100 and C=0 (Nov 2017) [LJIET]
Inst. Staff Vertical Staff

Station point angle readings
P BM -6o 1.360, 1.915, 2.470
A +5o 1.065, 1.885, 2.705
TOPIC:5 Tacheometric Constant& Field Survey

SHORT QUESTIONS
1 Two methods two determine constants of Tacheometry is _______.(LJIET) 01
Ans: Laboratory Method and Field Measurement
1 What is tacheometer? Explain the procedure of finding its coefficients in the field. (Jun 2010) 07
[LJIET]
2 Explain in detail the field procedure of tacheometric survey which you have carried out . (Dec 07
2010)[LJIET]
3 Explain in detail the field procedure of tacheometric survey which you have carried out. (Dec 07
2010)[LJIET]
4 Explain how the stadia constant K and C are determined by the various methods. (Dec 2013) 07
[LJIET]
5 Write short note on the anallactic lens.(Dec 2013) [LJIET] 07
6 Write theory of anallactic lens for horizontal sight.(Jun 2017-old) [LJIET] 07
7 Explain field work in tacheometry.(June 2015)[LJIET] 07
8 (i) Describe method of determine tacheometer constants in field. 07
(ii) ii)Differentiate between stadia hair method and tangential method.(June 2015-old)
[LJIET]
9 Define Tachometry. Explain the procedure for finding the co-efficient in the field for stadia 03
constants K and C by various methods. (June 2016) [LJIET]
10 With the help of neat sketch explain the instrument used in movable hair stadia method of 07
tacheometric surveying. What is the principle of the Subtense bar method of measuring
horizontal distances? Explain the construction details of a Subtense bar.(Nov 2016-old) [LJIET]
11 Explain the field procedure of finding out tacheometric constant and carrying out tacheometric 07
contour survey on hilly terrain..(Jun 2016-old) [LJIET]
12 What do you mean by analytic lens? How are they useful in techeometer.(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 04
13 Derive the expression for horizontal and vertical distances in fixed hair method, when the staff is 07
held vertically and measured angle is that of elevation .Also find R. L. of staff station.(Nov
2017-old) [LJIET]
14 What arrangement make K=100 and C=0 in techeometer. (Nov 2017) [LJIET] 03
15 Discuss the methods of techeometry and derive the distance and elevation formulae used in 07
techeometry for staff held vertical and line of sight horizontal.(Nov 2017) [LJIET]
CHAPTER NO- 2: GeodeticSurveying
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 Geodetic Survey of India was done using _______.(LJIET) 01
Ans: Triangulation
2 The best shape of a triangle in triangulation is _______.(LJIET) 01
Ans: isosceles with base angle 56014’
3 The station which is selected close to the main triangulation 01
station, to avoid intervening obstruction, is not known as
a) eccentric station b) satellite station c) pivot station d) false station
(Jun 2016) [LJIET]
4 What is refraction?(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 01
5 Base extension can be done 01
a) by prolongation b)by double sights c) both a and b d) none of above (Jun 2016) [LJIET]
6 In second order or secondary triangulation, length of sides is 01
(a) 16 to 150 km (b) 10 to 25 km (c) 2 to 10 km (d) None of above (Nov 2016) [LJIET]
7 The optimal angle of a triangle for triangulation is 01
(a) 75030’ 20” (b) 60015’ 30” (c) 66045’ 40” (d) 56013’ 40”(Nov 2016) [LJIET]
8 Triangulation surveys are carried out for providing (Nov 2017-old) [LJIET] 01
A.planimetric control
B.height control
C.both planimetric and height control
D.none of these.
1 Differentiate Plane surveying and Geodetic surveying. (Jun 2010) [LJIET] 3.5
2 What is the object of the geodetic surveying? (Dec2015) [LJIET] 3.5
3 Define geodetic surveying, base line, well-conditioned triangles (Nov 2016) [LJIET] 03
4 What are the points to be considered while selecting the site for a base line?(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET] 04
TOPIC:2 Triangulation and Principle
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 The figure most commonly used in triangulation is a_______.(LJIET) 01
Ans: braced quadrilateral
2 The towers used in triangulations are known as _______.(LJIET) 01
Ans: Bilby
3 What is triangulation? (Jun 2011) (LJIET) OR What is meant by triangulation? (Dec 2010, Jun 01
2013) [LJIET]
1 What is triangulation in geodetic surveying? List the objects of geodetic triangulation. (Nov 3.5
2011) [LJIET]
2 What is triangulation? Explain principle of triangulation (Dec 2014,Dec 2015-old) [LJIET] 07
3 Discuss uses of Triangulation survey (Jun 2014) [LJIET] 03
4 Describe Uses principles of triangulations(Jun 2015) [LJIET] 04
TOPIC:3 Triangulation System and Figures
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 In first order or primary triangulation, maximum station closure is _______.(LJIET) 01
Ans: Not more than 3’’
2 In third order or tertiary triangulation, length of the sides is _______.(LJIET) 01
Ans: 2 to 10 km
3 In Second order or secondary triangulation, maximum station closure is _______.(LJIET) 01
Ans: Equals to 3’’
4 Strength of figure depends on _______.(LJIET) 01
Ans: Number of directions observed, Number of geometric conditions and magnitude of
the distance angles
5 Lower the value of R, (LJIET) 01
Ans: Stronger the figure.
6 What is basic requirement of triangulation station??(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 01
1 Describe principle of triangulation system and show schematically different sets of triangulation 07
figures. (Jun 2010) [LJIET]
2 Explain strength of figure. (Dec 2010.Jun 2013) [LJIET] 02
3 Classify triangulation systems with details. (Nov 2011) [LJIET] 3.5
4 What is meant by the strength of figure? How would you determine it? (May2012) [LJIET] 07
5 Write criterion for strength of a figure of triangulation. (Dec2013) [LJIET] 07
6 Give criteria for selection of triangulation figures (Jun 2014) [LJIET] 04
7 Differentiate between, Grid Iron and Central system of Primary triangulation. (Jun2014) 07
[LJIET]
8 Explain with sketches different triangulation figures. (Dec 2014) [LJIET] 07
9 figures of triangulations(Jun 2015) [LJIET] 03
10 Discuss criteria for the selection of suitable figure or systems. (Dec2015) [LJIET] 3.5
11 Enumerate uses of triangulation and write brief note on Grid iron system and central system of 07
triangulation.(June2015-old) [LJIET]
12 What is meant by orders of triangulation? Explain general specification required for secondary 07
triangulation system.(Nov2016-old) [LJIET]
13 Explain use of triangulation system..(Nov2016) [LJIET] 04
14 Discuss classification of triangulation systems w.r.t. control point establishment. .(Jun 2016-old) 07
[LJIET]

15 What is triangulation? Classify and explain triangulation systems.(Jun 2017-old) [LJIET] 07
16 Differentiate primary, secondary and tertiary triangulation system.(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 03
17 Differentiate different types of triangulation systems(Nov 2017) [LJIET] 04
TOPIC:4 Triangulation Stations

SHORT QUESTIONS
1 Triangulation stations should be_______.(LJIET) 01
Ans: Intervisible, easily accessible and in commanding positions.
2 The distance of visible horizon from a station of known elevation above datum is given by 01
T (LJIET)
Ans: h = D2 (1-2m)
2R
3 What is best shape of triangle in triangulation system.(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 01
1 How will you select triangulation stations? (Dec 2010, Jun 2013) [LJIET] 02
2 What are the factors that affect the selection of triangulation stations? (Jun 2011) [LJIET] 06
3 Discuss (i) Selection of triangulation station (Nov 2011) [LJIET] 3.5
4 What are the factors that affect the selection of triangulation stations? (May2012) [LJIET] 3.5
5 State the various points to be broadly considered in selection of station in triangulation figures. 03
(Jun 2016) [LJIET]
6 Describe the different aspect of field work in triangulation. (Jun 2016) [LJIET] 04
7 What is triangulation? Explain the principle of triangulation.(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET] 07
NUMERICALS
1 The altitudes of two proposed stations A and B, 100 km apart, are respectively 420 m and 700 07
m. The intervening obstruction situated at C, 70 km from A has an elevation of 478 m. Ascertain
if A and B are intervisible and, if necessary, find by how much B should be raised so that the
line of sight must nowhere be less than 3.10 m above the surface of the ground. (Dec 2010)
[LJIET]
2 The altitude of two proposed stations A and B 121 km apart are respectively 211 m and 1120 m. 07
The altitude of two points C and D on the profiles between them are respectively 290 m and 647
m, the distances being AC=40 km and AD=85 km. Determine whether A and B are intervisible,
and if necessary, find the maximum height of a scaffolding at B, assuming A as the ground
station. (Nov 2011) [LJIET]
3 There are two stations A and B at elevations of 200 m and 1000 m, respectively. The distance 07
between A and B is 100 km. If the elevation of a peak P at a distance of 30 km from A is 300 m,
show that stations A and B are intervisible. (May 2012) [LJIET]
4 Distance between two proposed stations A and B in a triangulation is 100 km. Elevation of 07
station A is 200m while that of B is 500 m. There is two peaks C & D between A and B at a
distance 40 and 70 km from A and is having an elevation of 160 and 265 m respectively.
Ascertain whether A and B are intervisible. If not intervisible find the minimum height of tower
is required at B, so that B is visible from A with a minimum clearance of 2.5 m above the
surface of the ground. (Jun 2014) [LJIET]
5 Two triangulation stations A and B are 50 kilometers apart and have elevations 235 m and 250 07
m respectively. Find the minimum height of signal required at B so that the line of sight may not
pass near the ground 3 meters. The intervening ground may be assumed to have uniform
elevation of 200 meters. (Dec 2014) [LJIET]
6 In a triangulation survey, the altitudes of two proposed stations A & B 85 km apart, are 07

respectively 132 and 212m. The intervening obstruction is situated at C, 60km from and has an
elevation of 142m. Ascertain if A and B are inter-visible, and if necessary find by how much B
should be raised so that the line of sight must nowhere be less than 3m above the surface of the
ground. The earth’s mean radius may be taken as 3000km and coefficient of refraction as 0. 07..
(Dec 2015) [LJIET]
7 Two triangulation stations P & Q are 100km apart and have elevations 335 m and 355 m 07
respectively. The intervening ground may be assumed to have a uniform elevation of 300m. Find
the minimum height of signal required at Q so that line of sight may not pass near the ground 4
metres. (Dec 2015) [LJIET]
8 The altitude of two proposed station A & B 100 km apart are respectively 620 m and 700 m. The 07
intervening of obstruction situated at C, 70 km from A has an elevation of 478 m. Ascertain if A
& B are intervisible and if necessary find by how much B should be raised. Show that the line of
sight must now where B less than 3 m above surface of ground. (Jun 2016) [LJIET]
9 What are selection criteria of triangulation station? Find out minimum height of signal required 07
at B so that the line of sight may not pass near the ground than 1.5 m if A and B two stations are
50 km apart and have elevations 250 m and 230 m respectively. Ground may be assumed to have
uniform level of 200 m(Jun 2017)[LJIET]
10 What are selection criteria of triangulation station? Find out minimum height of signal required 07
at B so that the line of sight may not pass near the ground than 2.0 m if A and B two stations are
60 km apart and have elevations 240 m and 280 m respectively. Ground may be assumed to have
uniform level of 200 m(Nov 2017) [LJIET]
TOPIC:5 Stations Marks and Signals
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 Luminous signals can be used only in (LJIET) 01
Ans: Day time
1 Write short note on “station marks”. (Jun 2013) [LJIET] 07
2 Define the following 07
1. Luminous signals and
2. Opaque Signals(Nov 2016-old) [LJIET]
3 Write short note on signals.(Dec 2015-old) [LJIET] 07
4 Differentiate (i) Luminous and non- luminous signals (ii) Systematic errors and accidental 04
errors(Nov 2017) [LJIET]
TOPIC:6 Base Line
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 The connection between the base and the main network is achieved through a small network 01
called the _______. (LJIET)
Ans: Base Net
2 Base Extension can be done by _______. (LJIET) 01
Ans: Prolongation and double sighting.
1 What is base line? How is it selected? Describe the procedure of its extension. (Jun 2010) 07
[LJIET]
2 How will you select base line? (Dec 2010.Jun 2013) [LJIET] 02
3 Explain the extension of base with neat sketch (Jun 2011) [LJIET] 07
4 What considerations you would have while selecting the site for the base line? 3.5
(May2012,Dec2015-old) [LJIET]
5 Define base line and discuss its selection criteria.(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 03
6 What are the various corrections for the base line? Discuss in brief (May2012) [LJIET] 07
7 State the various points to be broadly considered in selection of base line(Dec2012) [LJIET] 07
8 What is meant by base net? Explain how the base line is extended. (Dec 2013) [LJIET] 07
9 Describe procedure of site selection and extension of base line by prolongationin triangulation. 07
(June 2015-old) [LJIET]
10 What is base line and How is it selected? Describe procedure of its extension. 03
(Jun 2016) [LJIET]
11 What are the various corrections for base line? Discuss in brief what is base net? 04
(Jun 2016) [LJIET]
12 What are the factors that affect the selection of site for base line? (Nov 2016) [LJIET] 07
13 What is base line? What are the instruments required for measurement of base line? Explain field 07
work for the measurement of base line.(Jun 2017-old) [LJIET]
14 What are the points to be considered while selecting the site for a base line?(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET] 04
15 Define base line and discuss its selection criteria(Nov 2017) [LJIET] 03
TOPIC:7 Satellite stations and Reduction to Centre
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 A satellite station is required when a main station is _______. (LJIET) 01
Ans: Cannot be occupied
1 Discuss Reduction to center in geodetic triangulation. (Nov 2011) [LJIET] 3.5
2 Name the methods of adjusting a geodetic quadrilateral and explain any one (Dec2013) [LJIET] 07
3 What is satellite station? Discuss the method of reduction of horizontal angle to center. (Dec 2014) 07
[LJIET]
NUMERICALS
1 From a satellite station ‘E’ at a distance of 5.2 m from the main triangulation station ‘D’ the 07
following directions or angles were observed: (Dec 2012) [LJIET]
D- 00 ,0’,0”, A- 1500, 20’, 20”, B- 2070, 46’, 20”, C- 2810,34’, 20”
l(DA)= 2970.2m, l(DB)= 3890.4m, l(DC)= 2578.5m
Determine the direction of DA DB and DC
2 Two triangulation stations A and B are 60 kilometres apart and have elevations 240 m and 280 07
m respectively. Find the minimum height of signal required at B so that the line of sight may not
pass near the ground than 2 metres. The intervening ground may be assumed to have a uniform
elevation of 200 metres.(Nov 2016-old) [LJIET]
3 The elevations of two proposed triangulation stations A and B, 100 km apart, are 241 m and 417 07
m, above MSL respectively. The elevation of an intervening peak at P, 60 km from A is 151 m.
Ascertain if A and B are inter-visible, and if not, find the height scaffold required at B so that the
line of sight clears P by 3 m.(Jun 2016-old) [LJIET]
CHAPTER – 3: Theory of errors
TOPIC:1 Types of Error
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 The station where observations are not made, but the angles at the station are used in 01
triangulation series, is known as
a) Pivot station b) subsidiary station c) satellite station d) main station (Jun 2016) [LJIET]
2 Systematic errors are also known as 01
a) positive error b) cumulative error c) negative error d) random error (Jun 2016) [LJIET]
3 Accidental errors follow the law of 01
a) probability b) gravity c) physics d) mathematics (Jun 2016) [LJIET]
4 Errors arising from carelessness of the observer are known as 01
(a) Systematic errors (b) Compensating errors (c ) mistakes (d) discrepancy(Nov 2016) [LJIET]
5 The weight of an observation is 01
(a) Its probable value
(b) A number indicating the trustworthiness of measurements
(c) The average value from a number of observation
(d) The value indicating least error in the value (Nov 2016) [LJIET]
6 Which theory is used in accidental errors?(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 01
7 Systematic errors are also known as(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET] 01
A.Positive errors
BCumulative errors
C.Negative errors
D.Random error
1 Discuss the types of errors. (Jun 2014) [LJIET] ‘OR’ what are the various types of errors in 04
surveying measurements? Give one example of each. (May 2012) [LJIET]
2 Give comparison for mistakes, systematic errors and accidental errors, also give suitable 07
examples.(Jun 2016) [LJIET]
3 What are different types of errors of measurement? Explain the laws of accidental errors.(Jun 07
2017-old) [LJIET]
TOPIC:2 Definitions
1 Residual error (Jun 2010, Nov 2011, Dec 2014) [LJIET] 01
2 Most probable value. (Jun 2010, Nov 2011, Jun 2014, Dec 2014, Jun 2011, Jun 2013) 01
[LJIET]
3 True valve (Dec 2014, Nov 2011, Jun 2014, Jun 2011, Jun 2013)[LJIET] 01
4 Direct observation (Jun 2011, Dec 2014, Jun 2014)[LJIET] 01
5 Conditioned quantity (Jun 2011, Dec 2014, Jun 2014)[LJIET] 01
6 True Error (Jun 2011, Dec 2014)[LJIET] 01
7 Observed equation (Dec 2014)[LJIET] 01
8 Independent Quantity (Jun 2014) [LJIET] 01
9 Indirect observations (Jun 2014) [LJIET] 01
10 Weight of an observation (Jun 2014) [LJIET] 01
11 Accidental error (Jun 2011) [LJIET] 01
12 Normal equation (Jun 2011) [LJIET] 01
13 Define weight of an observed quantity. indirect observation, condition quantity ,true value, direct 07
observation, true error MPV (Jun 2016) [LJIET]
14 Define the following terms.(Nov 2016-old) [LJIET] 07

1. Conditioned Quantity 2. TrueError 3. Weight 4. Mistakes
5. MostProbableValue 6. ResidualError 7. ObservedValue of a quantity
15 Explain different types of errors in survey works?.(Dec 2015-old) [LJIET] 07
16 Define in-direct observation, weight of a quantity , accidental error.(Nov 2016) [LJIET] 03
17 What do you understand by accidental errors? State salient features of accidental errors. 04
18 Give comparison for mistakes, systematic errors and accidental errors.(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET] 04
19 Define following terms: (1) Direct observations (2) Independent quantity (3) Zenith and 03
Nadir(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET]
TOPIC:3 Laws of Accidental Errors
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 The Theory of probability is applied for _____________________ .(LJIET) 01
Ans. Accidental errors
2 Accidental errors follow the law of ________________ .(LJIET) 01
Ans: Probability

3 Accidental errors are also known as ____________________ .(LJIET) 01

Ans: Compensating errors
1 Discuss the law of accidental errors (Dec 2015) [LJIET] 07
TOPIC:4 Laws of Weights
SHORT QUESTION
1 If an equation is multiplied by its own weight, the weight of the resulting equation is equal to the 01
_________________________________ .(LJIET)
Ans: Reciprocal of the weight of that equation.
1 What is weight of a quantity? Discuss various laws of weights(Dec 2012,Dec 2014) [LJIET] 07
(May 2012,Dec 2015-old) [LJIET] ‘OR’ Define weight of an observed quantity and Discuss
various laws of weights.(Dec 2010, Jun 2011, Jun 2015)[LJIET]
2 Explain any four laws of weight.(Nov 2016) [LJIET] 04
3 State with examples any three laws of weight(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 03
4 Explain with examples any four laws of weight(Nov 2017) [LJIET] 04
5 What is the principle of least square? Prove it(Nov 2017) [LJIET] 07
NUMERICALS
1 The observed values of an angle are given below : 05
Angle Weight
85° 40' 20" 2
85° 40' 18" 2
85° 40' 19" 3
Find (i) probable error of single observation values of unit weight
(ii) probable error of weighted arithmetic mean
(iii) Probable error of single observation of weight 3. (Nov 2011)[LJIET]
2 Find the most probable value of the angle A from the following observation equations. 07
A = 300 28’ 40” weight 2.
3A = 910 25’ 55” weight 3.(Dec 2012)[LJIET]
3 Adjust the following angles of closed horizon by distribution of error rule 07
A = 110° 20’ 48˝ wt. 4
B = 92° 30’ 12˝ wt. 2
C = 56° 12 '00˝ wt. 2
D = 100° 57’ 04˝ wt. 5 (Dec 2012,Dec 2013) [LJIET]
4 Adjust the following angles closing the horizon: 07
A = 112˚ 20 ̕ 47 ̎ wt. 2
B = 90˚ 30 ̕ 15 ̎ wt. 3
C = 58˚ 12 ̕ 05 ̎ wt. 1
D = 98˚ 57 ̕ 01 ̎ wt. 4.(Dec 2014) [LJIET]
5 The observed values of an angle are given below : 07
Angle Weight
75° 30' 39" 2
75° 30' 38" 2
75° 30' 37" 3
Find (i) probable error of single observation values of unit weight
(ii) probable error of weighted arithmetic mean
(iii) probable error of single observation of weight 3(Dec 2015)[LJIET]
6 Following readings are taken by theodolite. 07
Angle Weight Angle Weight Angle Weight
10o 20’ 40” 2 10o 20’ 38” 3 10o 20’ 39” 4

Calculate
(i) Probable error for single measurement for unit weight
(ii) Probable error for single observation of weight 3
(iii) Probable error of weighted arithmetic mean.(Jun 2017)[LJIET]
Following readings are taken by theodolite 07
Angle Weight Angle Weight Angle Weight
40o 20’ 20” 2 40o 20’ 18” 2 40o 20’ 19” 3
Calculate(i) Probable error for single measurement for unit weight(ii) Probable
error for single observation of weight 3(iii) Probable error of weighted arithmetic
mean.(Nov 2017)[LJIET]
TOPIC:5 Theory of Least Squares

SHORT QUESTIONS
1 The theory of least squares is used in the________________________________ .(LJIET) 01
Ans: Normal equation method, method of correlates and method of differences.
1 Explain the theory of least squares.(Dec 2012,Dec 2013,Dec 2015-old) [LJIET] ‘OR’ What is 07
theory of least square? Describe. (Jun 2015) [LJIET]
2 What is the principle of least square? Prove it.(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 07
TOPIC:6 Field Observation
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 The weight of the weighted arithmetic mean of a number of observations is equal to 01
________________________________________________ .(LJIET)
Ans: The sum of the individual weights of observations.
2 Errors arising from carelessness of the observer are known as ________________ .(LJIET) 01
Ans: Mistakes.
3 Systematic errors are also known as ____________________ .(LJIET) 01
Ans: Cumulative errors.
1 Explain the method of correlates. What are its advantages over the normal equation method? 07
(May 2012) [LJIET]
TOPIC:7 Most Probable Values
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 Residual error of a measurement is the difference of _______________________ .(LJIET) 01
Ans: Most probable value and observed value.
2 The correction to be applied to an observation is directly proportional to the 01
_________________________________ .(LJIET)
Ans: Square of the probable error.
3 The method of differences is used when ___________________________ .(LJIET) 01
Ans: Normal equations are more.
4 The method of correlation is used when _____________________________ .(LJIET) 01
Ans: Conditional equations are more.
1 Explain methods of Correlates (Jun 2015) [LJIET] 07
2 Explain methods of Correlates. What are its advantages over the normal equation method? 07
(Dec 2015) [LJIET]
3 Explain the method of correlates in theory of errors(Jun 2016) [LJIET] 07
4 What is mean by normal equations? Explain the method of forming normal equations.(Nov 07
2016-old) [LJIET]

5 Explain how the most probable values of quantities are determined?(Jun 2017-old) [LJIET] 07
NUMERICALS
1 The following 10 readings were taken with a level under the identical conditions. 04
1.810, 1.825, 1.835, 1.805, 1.850, 1.825, 1.820, 1.840, 1.845 & 1.835 meters.
Calculate the probable error of single observation, probable error of the mean and the maximum
error. (Jun 2014) [LJIET]
2 Following readings of levels were carried out 2.335, 2.345, 2.350, 2.300,2.315, 2.305, 2.325 and 07
2.315.Calculate (i) Probable error for single observation(ii) Probable error for mean (Jun 2010)
[LJIET]
3 Enlist the rules should be applied for the distribution of errors of the field measurements. The 07
following are the three angles observed at a station closing the horizon, along with their probable
errors of measurements. Determine their corrected values.
A= 85° 13' 10" ±2" , B= 130° 49' 30" ±3" , C= 143° 57' 10" ±4" (Nov 2011)[LJIET]
3 The following are the angles observed at a triangular traverse along with their probable errors. 07
Determine correct values of angles
<A = 64012ˈ12" ± 02"
<B = 50048ˈ30"± 04
<C = 64059ˈ08" ± 05" (May 2012) [LJIET]
5 Determine the most probable values of the angles of a triangle ABC, Given by the following 07
data. Use method of correlates.
<A = 62014’ 12" Weight = 1
<B = 480 12’ 14" Weight = 3
<C = 69033’ 28" Weight = 2 (Jun 2011, Dec 2010) [LJIET]
6 Find most probable values of angles A, B and C of triangle ABC from the following 07
observation equations :
A = 60° 12' 36'' , B = 53° 46' 12'' , C = 58° 01' 16''(Jun 2013) [LJIET]
values:
A = 52° 24' 30'' ,
B = 64° 06' 20'' ,
C = 63° 30' 02'' (Jun 2015) [LJIET]
values:
A = 72° 30' 49'' ,
B = 64° 12' 21'' ,
C = 75° 24' 06'' (Dec 2015) [LJIET]
9 Determine the most probable values of A, B and C from the following observations of equal 07
weights. The angle fulfil the condition A + B = C.
A = 40° 20' 15", B = 20° 25' 16", C = 60° 35' 45"(June 2015-old) [LJIET]
10 Following three angles A, B & C were observed at a station X closing the horizon along with 07
their probable errors of measurements
A = 850 35’ 28’’ ± 2’’ B = 1560 29’ 30’’ ± 3’’ C = 1170 55’ 12’’ ± 4’’
Calculate the corrected values of angels A , B & C."(Dec 2015-old) [LJIET]
11 Find the most probable value of the angles P,Q R of the triangle PQR from the following 07
observations
P= 62° 23’ 35”, Q= 54° 12’ 22”, R= 63° 24’ 06” (Jun 2016) [LJIET]
12 Determine the most probable value of the angles A, B & C of a triangle from the following 07
observed angles & the respective probable errors of measurements.
<A = 64° 12’40” ± 3” <B = 55° 14’ 23” ±2” <C = 60° 33’21” ± 4”(Nov 2016) [LJIET]
13 The following observation were recorded for angle under identical conditions: 07
82˚ 20’ 00” 82˚ 21’ 20” 82˚ 21’ 40”

82˚ 20’ 40”82˚ 19’ 40” 82˚ 21’ 20”
Calculate: (i) Probable error of a single observation, (ii) Probable error of the mean, and (iii)
Most probable value of the angles.(Jan 2016-old) [LJIET]
14 Following three angles A, B & C were observed at a station X closing the horizon along with 07
their probable errors of measurements
A = 85˚ 35’ 28’’ ± 2’’ B = 156˚ 29’ 30’’ ± 3’’ C = 117˚ 55’ 12’’ ± 4’’
Calculate the corrected values of angels A , B & C.(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET]
CHAPTER – 4 Field Astronomy.
TOPIC:1 Spherical Trigonometry
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 01
Prime vertical is great circle passing through
a) Celestial pole b) observation station,c)zenith, nadir east &west pole of
horizon (June 2016) [LJIET]
2 Which is position of star when hour anglebecome zero? 01
a) star on prime vertical b) star on culmination c)star on elongation d) star on
horizon(June 2016) [LJIET]
3 One nautical mile is equal to 01

(a) 1 k.m (b) 1.5 k.m (c) 2 k.m (d) 1.853 k.m (Nov 2016)[LJIET]
4 GST means 01
(a) Green Sidereal Time (b) Greenwich Sidereal Time
(c) Grey Side Time (d) None of above(Nov 2016)[LJIET]
5 What is azimuth?(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 01
6 The moon rotates round the earth once in every(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET] 01
A.29 days
B.29.53 days
C.29.35 days
D.30 days
7 The point on the celestial sphere vertically below the observer's position, is 01
Called(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET]
A.zenith
B.nadir
C.celestial point
D.pole
8 The angle between the direction of star and the direction of earth's axis of rotation is called(Nov 01
2017-old) [LJIET]
A.co-declination
B.co-latitude
C.declination
D.latitude
9 The position of a heavenly body on the celestial sphere can be completely specified by(Nov 01
2017-old) [LJIET]
A. its altitude and azimuth
B its declination and hour angle
C. its declination and right ascension
D. all the above.
10 The plane at right angle to the zenith-nadir line and passing through the centre of the earth, is 01
called(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET]
A.rational horizon
B.true horizon
C.celestial horizon
D.all the above.
11 Longitudes are measured from 0° to(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET] 01
A.180° eastward
B.180° westward
C.180° east or westward
D.360° eastward
12 The sun's declination remains north between(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET] 01
A.March 21 to June 21
B.June 21 to September 21
C.December 21 to Mach 21
D.both (a) and (b) of above.
1 What is spherical triangle? State the properties of spherical triangle.(Dec2012) (Jun 2013) 07
[LJIET] or Explain spherical triangle with properties and write formulae of spherical
trigonometry. (Dec 2013) [LJIET]
2 Write short note on, Spherical triangle and Spherical excess. .(Jun 2014)[LJIET] 04
3 Explain main purposes of field astronomy (Nov 2016)[LJIET] 04
4 Write purposes of field astronomy for civil engineers and write characteristics of spherical triangle. 07
(Jan 2016)[LJIET]
5 Write short note on spherical trigonometry and spherical triangle.(Jun 2017-old) [LJIET] 07
6 Define (i)Spherical Triangle (ii) Strength of figure(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 04
TOPIC:2 Astronomical Terms
1 Define: (i)Azimuth (ii)Nadir (iii)Zenith (iv)Latitude (v) Longitude (Jun 2010, Jun 2011) 07
[LJIET]
2 Define the following astronomical terms :(i) The Zenith and Nadir (ii) The Sensible Horizon (iii) 07
The Visible Horizon (iv) The Latitude (v) The Longitude (vi) Equinoctial Points (vii) The
Ecliptic.(Nov 2011) [LJIET]
3 Define following terms:(June 2015-old) [LJIET] 07
(1) Direct observations (2) Independent quantity (3) Zenith and Nadir (4) Horizon (5) Normal
equation (6) Celestial sphere (7) Most probable value.
4 lassify aerial photographs and write a brief note on “Aerial camera”. (June 2015-old) [LJIET] 07
5 Define Azimuth, Zenith, Latitude, and Longitude. Celestial pole,vertical circle, nadir. 07
.(Jun 2016)[LJIET]
6 Define (i) Latitude (ii) Longitude (iii) Altitude (iv) Vertical circle (v) Azimuth (vi) Hour angle 07
(vii) Nadir(Dec 2015-old) [LJIET]
7 Define longitude, hour angle, nadir.(Nov 2016)[LJIET] 03
8 Define the following astronomical terms 07
(1) Zenith and Nadir
(2) Azimuth
(3) Hour circle
(4) Hour angle
(5) Ecliptic
(6) Solastices
(7) Celeatial horizon.(Jun 2017-old) [LJIET]
9 Define (i) celestial sphere (ii) celestial horizon (iii) terrestrial equator (iv) vertical circle(Jun 2017) 04
[LJIET]
10 Define (i) Latitude (ii) Longitude (iii) Altitude (iv) Vertical circle(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET] 04

11 Define following terms: (1) Horizon (2) Normal equation (3) Celestial sphere.(Nov 2017-old) 03
[LJIET]
12 Define (i) celestial sphere (ii) celestial horizon (iii) terrestrial equator (iv) vertical circle(Nov 2017) 04
[LJIET]
TOPIC:3 Celestial Co-ordinate systems
1 Define celestial sphere vertical circles, azimuth (Jun 2011)[LJIET] 03
2 What is Azimuth? Explain various methods for determination of Azimuth of a survey line. (Nov 07
2011)[LJIET]
3 Explain following terms with the neat sketch 07
Vertical circle, observer meridian, altitude of star, declination of star, hour angle, azimuth,
nautical mile, ecliptic (Dec 2012)[LJIET]
4 Define: Zenith, nadir, horizon, prime vertical, celestial poles, vertical circle, and ecliptic. (Dec 07
2014)[LJIET]
5 Discuss: How Terrestrial Latitudes and Longitudes are determined.(Jun 2014)[LJIET] 04
6 Prove that altitude of pole is equal to latitude of observer (Dec 2014,Dec 2015)[LJIET] 07
7 Describe various methods to determine the longitude of a place. (Dec 2013)[LJIET] 07
8 What is latitude of a place? Prove that the altitude of the pole is always equal to the 07
Latitude of the observer’s position. (May 2012),(Jun 2013) [LJIET]
9 Explain celestial coordinate system. (Jun 2015)[LJIET]
10 Explain the following astronomical terms: 07
(i) The celestial sphere (ii) The hour angle
(iii) The horizon and (iv) Declination
Also write uses of field astronomy (Dec 2010)[LJIET]
11 What are the systems of co-ordinates to specify the position of celestial body? 07
Explain any one in detail with sketch.(Jun 2013)[LJIET]
12 Enlist the method of determination of Azimuth & explain any one method in detail.(Nov 2017- 07
old) [LJIET]
TOPIC:4 Star on Prime Vertical
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 ______________________coordinates are not dependent on observer’s position.(LJIET) 01
Ans: Declination, Right ascension
2 Angle_ in PZS astronomical triangle is equal to 90° when star is on prime vertical. (LJIET) 01
Ans: Z
3 ___________________is 90° when star is on elongation. (LJIET) 01
Ans: Parallactic angle
4 _______angle in PZS triangle is called Parallactic angle. 01
Ans: S
5 Prime vertical is great circle passing through___________________________ .(LJIET) 01
Ans: Zenith, nadir and east, west points of horizon.
6 The Polaris describes a small circle round the pole whose radius is approximately(Nov 2017- 01
old) [LJIET]
A.1°
B.2°
C.3°
D.4°
NUMERICALS
1 Find the hour angle and declination of a star from the following data: 07
Latitude of place = 48° 30’ N
Azimuth of star = 50° W
Altitude of star = 28° 24’. (Dec 2010)[LJIET]

2 Determine the azimuth and altitude of a star from the following data. Latitude of the observer = 07
480 N
Hour angle of star = 430
Declination of star = 180 20’(Jun 2011)[LJIET]
3 Determine the hour angle and declination of a star from the following data:
(i) Altitude of the star = 220 36’ 07
(ii) Azimuth of the star = 420 W
(iii) Latitude of the place of observation = 400 N(Dec 2012)[LJIET]
TOPIC:5 Time
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 Imaginary sun is assumed to measure _____________________ .(LJIET) 01
Ans: Mean solar time
2 ______________angle is equal to zero when the sun is on horizon at sunset time.(LJIET) 01
Ans: Altitude
3 ______________________________coordinates of fixed stars never change.(LJIET) 01
Ans: Declination, Right ascension
4 Hour angle, azimuth and Parallactic angle become zero when star is on_________ .(LJIET) 01
Ans: Culmination position.
1 Explain equation of time. (Jun 2015)[LJIET] 07
2 Prove that altitude of pole is equal to latitude of observer.(Jun 2015-old)[LJIET] 07
3 Explain the method of determination of azimuth by observation on circum polar stars.(Nov 07

2015-old)[LJIET]
4 Enlist the method of determination of Azimuth & explain any one method in detail..(Dec2015- 07
old)[LJIET]
5 Enlist the methods of determination of latitude & explain any one in detail. .(Nov 2016)[LJIET] 07
6 Enlist the method of determination of Azimuth.(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET] 03
CHAPTER - 5 Aerial Photogrammetry.
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 Mosaics are 01
a) single photograph b)maps are prepared from photos c) combination of two or more
photos d)combination of two or more images(Jun 2016)[LJIET]
2 Stereoscope is used for 01
a) to fuse overlapped photo from 3 –d view b)measure elevation difference c)relief displacement
d)co-ordinates of points(Jun 2016)[LJIET]
3 The scale of the photography taken from a height of 3000 m, with a camera of focal length 15 01
cm, is
a) 1 : 10,000 b) 1:15000 c) 1:20000 d) 1:30000 (Jun 2016)[LJIET]
4 Total station is a combination of 01
a) Tachometer and theodolite b) dumpy level and compass c) auto level and digital level d) an
electronic theodolite and EDM (Jun 2016)[LJIET]
5 When opposite edges of photographs are not parallel to flight lines is known as 01
(a) Crab (b) Drift (c) Tilt (d) None of above (Nov 2016)[LJIET]
6 The normal longitudinal overlap is generally kept 01
(a) 60 % (b) 15 % (c) 80% (d) 35%(Nov 2016)[LJIET]

7 The point where vertical line passing through the perspective centre intersects the plane of the 01
photograph, is known as(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET]
A. photo plumb point
B. nadir point
C. plumb point
D. isocentre
8 Homologous point is(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET] 01
A. photo principal point
B. ground principal point
C. ground isocentre
D. all the above.
1 Define: (i)Tilt (ii)Isocentre (iii)Overlap (iv)Side lap (v) Crab (vi)Drift (vii)Principal point.(Jun 07
2010)[LJIET]
2 Define the following terms used in aerial photogrammetry : 07
(i) Oblique Photograph (ii) Exposure station (iii) Focal length
(iv) Principal point (v) Nadir point (vi) Isocentre (vii) Swing. (Nov 2011, Jun 2013)
[LJIET]
3 Define the terms: i) Vertical photograph, ii) Tilted photograph and iii) Oblique photograph. . 03
(Jun 2014) )[LJIET]
4 Differentiate between: 07
1. Terrestrial photogrammetry - Aerial photogrammetry
2. Vertical photograph - Oblique photograph.(Nov 2016) )[LJIET]
5 Define Tilt, Isocentre, Side lap, Crab, Principle Point, Oblique photo, exposure station. 07
.(Jun 2016) )[LJIET]
6 What are the uses of aerial Photogrammetry?(Jun 2016) )[LJIET] 03
7 Difference between terrestrial and aerial photogrammetry. (Jun 2016) )[LJIET] 04
8 Define photogrammetry & explain uses of photogrammetry(Nov 2016)[LJIET] 03
9 What is the terrestrial photogrammetry? Explain basic principles of terrestrial photogrametry. 07
(Jun 2017-old) [LJIET]
10 Derive equation for scale of vertical photograph.(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 03
11 Define the terms for photogrammetry: (i) Flight line, (ii) Isocentre, (iii) Tilt, (iv) Principal point. 04
(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET]
12 Define (i) Principal point (ii) Nadir (iii)Zenith(Nov 2017) [LJIET] 03
13 Define (i) Drift (ii) Latitude (iii) Departure(Nov 2017) [LJIET] 03
TOPIC:2 Aerial Photograph
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 Aerial photographs are ______________________.(LJIET) 01
Ans: Perspective view
2 Limit of overlap between two alternative photographs is ________(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 01
1 What is difference between terrestrial photogrammetry and aerial photogrammetry? (Dec 2013) 04
[LJIET]
2 Define photo-theodolite and explain various parts. (Dec 2013) [LJIET] 03
3 What is function of aerial camera? Describe thematically its essential parts.(Jun 2010) [LJIET] 07
4 Define the terms for photogrammetry: (i) Flight line, (ii) Isocentre, (iii) Tilt, (iv) Swing, (v) 07
Crab, (vi) Drift and (vii) Principal point..(Jun 2016) [LJIET]
5 Define (i) Principal point (ii) Isocentre (iii) Drift (iv) Crab(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 04
6 Describe aerial photogrammetry and aerial camera.(Jun 2017-old) [LJIET] 07
7 Classify aerial photographs and write a brief note on “Aerial camera”.(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET] 07
TOPIC:3 Scale of Photograph
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 Photo nadir point and photo principal point coincide in __________________ .(LJIET) 01
Ans: Vertical photographs
2 Horizon point is visible in _________________________ .(LJIET) 01
Ans: High oblique photographs
3 Scale at each point on tilted photograph is dependent on the perpendicular distance of point from 01
______________________ .(LJIET)
Ans: Principal line.
4 Scale of photograph at any point is given by ________________ .(LJIET) 01
Ans:
5 The relief displacement of a minar 72 m high on photograph is 7.2 mm 01

and its top appears 10 cm away from principal point. The flying height of
the camera, is
a) 2000 m. b)1500 c) 500 d)1000 (Jun 2016) [LJIET]
6 To have greatest coverage of the area, the type of photography used, is(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET] 01
A.high oblique
B.low oblique
C.vertical
D.none of these.
1 Explain the scale of vertical photographs.(Dec 2012,Dec 2014) )[LJIET] 07
2 What is vertical photograph? Derive an expression for the scale of a vertical photograph. How 07
would you determine the scale of a given vertical photograph? (May 2012, Dec 2012 )[LJIET]
3 What is relief displacement? Derive an expression for the relief displacement in a vertical 07
photograph. (Jun 2011,Dec 2010,Jun 2013,Jun 2015,Dec 2015 ) [LJIET]
NUMERICALS
1 What is meant by scale of vertical photograph? Determine scale of photograph for terrain lying 07
at elevation of 50 m and 200m if vertical photograph was taken at altitude of 1200 meters. Take
focal length of camera as 15 cm.(Jun 2010)[LJIET]
2 The scale of an aerial photograph is 1 cm = 100 cm and photograph size is 15 cm x 15 cm. 07
Determine the number of photographs required to cover an area of 15 km x 15 km if longitudinal
lap is 60% and side lap is 30%..(Jun 2010)[LJIET]
3 To determine the average scale of an aerial photograph, three points A, B and C were selected. 05
Their elevations were obtained from a contoured map as 1400m, 900m, and 1100m. If the flying
height of the aircraft above mean sea level is 3500 m and the focal length of the camera lens is
160 mm, calculate the average scale of the aerial photograph.(Jun 2014) )[LJIET]
4 A line AB measures 11.00 cm on a photograph taken with a camera having a focal length of 21.5 07
cm. The same line measures 3 cm on a map drawn to scale of 1/45000. Calculate the flying
height of the aircraft, if the average altitude is 350 m. (Jun 2011)[LJIET]
5 A vertical photographs were taken at an altitude of 1300m above m.s.l.Determine scale of the 04
photograph for terrain lying at elevation of 80m and 300 m if the focal length of the camera is 15
cm.(Jun 2017-old) [LJIET]
6 A section line AB appears to be 10.16 cm on a photograph for which the focal length is 16 cm . 03

The corresponding line measures 2.54 cm on a map which is to a scale of 1/50000. The terrain
has an average elevation of 300m above m.s.l. Calculate the flying altitude of the aircraft above
m.s.l. when the photograph was taken.(Jun 2017-old) [LJIET]
7 Why overlap is necessary in photogrammetry? Determine number of photographs required to 07
cover an area of 120 sq. km if longitudinal lap is 60% and side lap is 30%. Scale of an aerial
photograph is 1 cm= 100 m and photograph size is 20 cm x 20 cm.(Jun 2017)[LJIET]
8 Why overlap is necessary in photogrammetry? Determine number of photographs required to 07
cover an area of 100 sq. km if longitudinal lap is 60% and side lap is 30%. Scale of an aerial
photograph is 1 cm= 100 m and photograph size is 20 cm x 20 cm.(Nov 2017) [LJIET]
TOPIC:4 Ground coordinates
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 Relief displacement is equal to zero at ______________________________ .(LJIET) 01
Ans: Principal point of photograph.
1 Write short note on 1) Relief Displacement (Dec 2015) (LJIET) 04
2 Write short note on 1) Aerial Camera (Dec 2015) (LJIET) 03
NUMERICALS
1 A straight length of a highway AB appears to be 12.5 cm on a vertical air photograph of 15 cm 07
focal length. The corresponding distance of the highway on a 1: 50,000 topographical maps is
6.25 cm. assuming the average elevation of the terrain as 1250 m above M.S.L., calculate the
flying height of the camera above mean sea level. (Dec 2010)[LJIET]
2 Two points A and B having elevation of 600 m and 300 m respectively above datum appear on 07
the vertical photograph having focal length of 20 m and flying altitude of 3000 m above
datum . Their corrected photographic co-ordinates are as follows :
Point Photographic co-ordinates
X(cm) y(cm)
A +2.65 +1.36
B -1.92 +3.65
Determine the length of the ground line AB.(Dec 2013) )[LJIET]
3 Two points A and B which appear in a vertical photograph taken from a camera having focal 06
length of 220 mm and from an altitude of 2800 m, have their elevations as 400 m and 600 m,
respectively. Their corrected photo coordinates are as under:
Point coordinates
Point
X(mm) Y(mm)
a +23.8 +16.4
b -13.6 -29.7
Determine the length of the ground line AB.(Jun 2014) )[LJIET]
4 Calculate height of microwave tower appearing in a vertical photograph. The distance of the 07
tower in photograph from principal point is 6.03 cm and relief displacement measured is 0.603
cm. the datum scale of photo is 1/11000 and the focal distance of camera f = 20 cm. (Dec 2014)
[LJIET]
TOPIC:5 Procedure of Aerial Survey
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 Mosaics are ____________________________________________ .(LJIET) 01
Ans: Combination of two or more photographs.
1 Explain the displacement and errors in aerial photogrammetry (Dec 2012 )[LJIET] 07
2 Discuss in detail, Flight planning for aerial photogrammetry.(Jun 2014) )[LJIET] 06
3 Describe Flight planning. (Jun 2015)[LJIET] 07

4 Define overlap & explain importance of overlaps. (Nov 2016)[LJIET] 04

5 Derive the equation for relief displacement(Nov 2017) [LJIET] 04
NUMERICALS
1 The scale of an aerial photography is 1 cm = 100m. The photograph size is 20 cm x 20 cm. 07
Determine the number of photographs required to cover an area 10 km x 10 km, if the
longitudinal lap is 60% and the side lap is 30%. (Dec 2012)[LJIET]
2 Determine the number of photographs required for selected scale of 1 cm = 100m. The size of 07
photograph is 25 cm x 25 cm. for following two areas.
(i) 20,000 km2 (ii) 100 km x 100 km.
Assume 60% longitudinal overlap and 30% lateral overlap of area in photographs. (Dec 2015)
[LJIET]
3 The scale of aerial photograph is 1 cm = 200 m. The size of photograph is 25 cm x 25 cm. 07
Determine the numbers of photographs required to cover anarea of 250 km x 150 km and 525
km2, if the longitudinal lap is 60% and sidelap is 30%.(Jun 2015-old) [LJIET]
4 A straight length of highway AB appears to be 15 cm on a vertical aerial photograph of 12 cm 07
focal length. The corresponding distance on highway on a 1:40,000 topographic map is 6.00 cm.
Assuming the average elevation of the terrain as 1500 m above mean sea level. Calculate the
flying height of the camera above mean sea level.(Nov 2016-old) [LJIET]
5 The scale of an aerial photograph is 1 cm = 100 m. The photograph size is 20 cm x 20 cm. 07
Determine the numbers of photographs required to cover an area of 100 sq. km, if the longitude
lap is 60 % & side lap is 30%..(Dec 2015-old) [LJIET]
6 Calculate the total number of photograph require to cover of 15 km X 15 km longitudinal 07
overlap is 60%, side overlap is 30%, focal length f=150 mm, Scale of the photograph is 1:10000,
Size of the photograph is 23cm X 23 cm. (Jun 2016)[LJIET]
7 The scale of an aerial photograph is 1 cm = 100 m. The photograph size is 23 cm x 23 cm. 07

Determine the number of photographs required to cover an area of 100 sq.km if the longitudinal lap
is 60 % & the side lap is 30 %..(Nov 2016)[LJIET]
8 The scale of an aerial photograph is 1 cm = 100 m and photograph size is 15 cm x 15 cm. Determine 07
the number of photographs required to cover an area of 15 km x 15 km if longitudinal lap is 60% and
side lap is 30%.(Jun 2016-old) [LJIET]
9 The scale of an aerial photograph is 1 cm = 100 m. The photograph size is 20 07
cm x 20 cm. Determine the numbers of photographs required to cover an
area of 100 sq. km, if the longitude lap is 60 % & side lap is 30%.(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET]
TOPIC:6 Stereoscopes
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 Stereoscope is used ______________________________________________ .(LJIET) 01
Ans: to fuse overlapped photographs foe 3D-view.
1 Write short note on (i) Stereoscope (Nov 2011 )[LJIET] 03
2 Write short note on stereoscope.(Jun 2017-old) [LJIET] 07
NUMERICALS
1 Calculate the minimum number of photographs to provide a stereoscopic cover for a fairly level 07
area with the following specifications:
Scale of photography 1:10,000
Length of strip 50 km
Average fore and aft overlap 60%
Size of photographs 23 cm x 23 cm (May 2012 )[LJIET]
TOPIC:7 Parallax Bar
SHORT QUESTIONS

1 Parallax Bar is used to measure ___________________ .(LJIET) 01

Ans: Elevation difference.
2 Least count of parallax bar is _____________ .(LJIET) 01
Ans: 0.01 mm.
3 Parallax bar measures(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET] 01
A.parallax
B height
C.parallax difference
D.height difference.
1 Write short note on Parallax Bar.(Nov 2011 )[LJIET] 04
2 Explain parallax bar. (Jun 2015) [LJIET] 07
NUMERICALS
1 In a pair of overlapping vertical photographs, the mean distance between two principal points 07
both of which lie on the datum is 6.375 cm. At the time of photography, the air-craft was 600 m
above the datum. The camera has a focal length of 150 mm. In the common overlap, a tall
chimney 120 m high with its base in the datum surface is observed. Determine difference of
parallax for top and bottom of chimney.(Jun 2013) [LJIET]
CHAPTER – 6 Modern Tools in Surveying
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 Microwave EDM instruments were first developed in ________________. (LJIET) 01
Ans: South Africa.
2 The first generation of visible light instruments was developed in ____________. (LJIET) 01
Ans: Sweden
3 Wild Distomats fall under the ________________category of EDM instruments. (LJIET) 01
Ans: Infrared instruments
4 Tellurometer was invented by ____________________. (LJIET) 01
Ans: Dr. T. L. Wadley
5 EDM means 01
(a) Electrical data management (b) Electronic data management
(c) Electronic distance meter (d) Electronic distance measurement .(Nov 2011 )[LJIET]
6 Tellurometer was invented by 01
(a) Wild Heerbrugg (b) Dr. Eric Bergstrand (c) Dr.T L Wadley (d) None of above (Nov 2011 )
[LJIET]
7 EMR stands for ______________(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 01
TOPIC:2 Electromagnetic waves
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 The length traversed in x-direction by the wave when it completes one cycle is termed as its 01
________________________ .(LJIET)
Ans: Wave length
2 The number of cycles completed by the wave in one second is called _________. (LJIET) 01
Ans: Frequency
3 The velocity (ʋ) of the wave is the distance travelled by in one ______________. (LJIET) 01
Ans: Second.
TOPIC:3 Electromagnetic Distances Measurement
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 Electromagnetic distances measurement (EDM) enables the accuracy up to_____ .(LJIET) 01
Ans: 1x105
TOPIC:4 EDM Instruments
1 What is the principle of E.D.M.? Discuss electromagnetic waves and electromagnetic spectrum. 07
(May 2012) [LJIET]
2 Explain the basic principle of EDM. Write a brief note on Electromagnetic spectrum. (Jun 2011) 05
[LJIET]
3 What is the principle of E.D.M.? Discuss electromagnetic waves and electromagnetic spectrum. 07
(Jun 2013) [LJIET]
4 Explain electromagnetic spectrum.(Dec 2012)[LJIET] 07
5 Briefly explain: How measurement with EDM instruments differs from taping? What are the 04
advantages of EDM measurement?(Jun 2014) [LJIET]
6 Enumerate different types of EDM instruments and describe briefly the salient features of Total 07
station. (Jun 2010,Jun 2015-old)[LJIET]
7 Classify the Electromagnetic distance measurement instruments depending upon the type of 07
carrier wave employed. Write a short note on Geodimeter.(Nov 2011)[LJIET]
8 List different types of EDM instruments and briefly write about each one of them.(Jun 2014) 04
[LJIET]
9 What are the different types of EDM instruments? Give a brief description of any one in detail 07
(Dec 2015) [LJIET]
10 Explain basic principal of EDM. Discuss electromagnetic spectrum with neat sketch.(Jun 07
2015,Nov 2016-old) [LJIET]
11 Write short note on EDM.(Dec 2015-old) [LJIET] 07
12 Discuss different types of Distomats..(Jun 2016-old) [LJIET] 07
13 Discuss basic principle of operation and different techniques for E.D.M. Instruments.(Jun 2016) 03
[LJIET]
14 Write short note on electromagnetic spectrum(Nov 2016) [LJIET] 03
15 Write short note on EDM.(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET] 04
TOPIC:5 Total Station
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 Total station is a combination of an _______________________________. (LJIET) 01
Ans: Electronic theodolite and an EDM
2 With a single prism assembly, total station can measure the distance up to______. (LJIET) 01
Ans: 1km.
3 Describe how total station has brought revolution in surveying?.(Jun 2016) [LJIET] 03
1 Briefly Discuss these four basic types of total stations, i) Mechanical/Manual TS, ii) Motorized 06
TS, iii) Auto lock TS and iv) Robotic/Automatic TS.(Jun 2014) [LJIET]
2 Describe how a total station has brought revolution in surveying. Describe briefly the salient 07
features of total station(Dec 2010)[LJIET]
3 What is total station? State its field applications (May 2012,Dec 2012)[ LJIET] ‘OR’ What is 07
total station? Describe uses of total station in surveying (Dec 2013)[LJIET] ‘OR’ What is total
station giving its use and different functions (Jun 2015)[LJIET] ‘OR’ Write a short note on
Total station. (Jun 2011, Nov 2011)[LJIET] ‘OR’ what is total station? Explain various
features of a total station. (Jun 2015)[LJIET]
4 Describe briefly the salient features of Total Station. State its field applications. 04
(Jun 2016)[LJIET]
5 What is total station? Describe the salient features of Total Station and use of total station.(Nov 07
2016-old)[LJIET]
6 Write short note on Total station.(Dec 2015)[LJIET] 07
7 Discuss types of Total stations & briefly describe salient features of total station(Jun 2016-old) 07
[LJIET]
8 What is total station? Explain the uses of Total station.(Nov 2016)[LJIET] 04

9 What is the purpose of Total station? State its main parts.(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 04
10 What is E.D.M.? Explain total station in brief.(Jun 2017-old) [LJIET] 07
11 Discuss types of Total stations & briefly describe salient features of total station(Nov 2017-old) 07
[LJIET]
12 Give the classification of EDM instruments(Nov 2017) [LJIET] 04
13 Differentiate transit theodolite with total station(Nov 2017) [LJIET] 04
CHAPTER NO- 7: Remote Sensing
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 Remote Sensing started after _______. (LJIET) 01
Ans: 1960
2 A global positioning system operated by US department of defense uses 01
(a) 6 satellites (b) 12 satellites (c) 18 satellites (d) 24 satellites(Nov 2016) [LJIET]
3 GPS means 01
(a) Green Position System (b) Global position Satellites
(c) Geographical Public System (d) Global Positioning System(Nov 2016) [LJIET]
4 Name the sources of energy in remote sensing.(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 01
5 Smallest element of image in remote sensing is called_______(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 01
6 What is color for vegetation in IR, FCC image???(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 01
1 What is meant by Remote Sensing? (Nov 2011) [LJIET] 01
2 Define remote sensing. Enlist types of remote sensing. List the applications of remote sensing. 07
(Jun 2011) [LJIET]
3 What is remote sensing? State how it differs from photogrammetry.(May 2012, Jun 2013) 3.5
[LJIET]
4 Define Remote sensing and discuss types of remote sensing. (Jun 2014) [LJIET] 03
5 Define remote sensing. Enlist types of remote sensing (Nov 2016) [LJIET] 03
6 List applications of remote sensing (Nov 2016) [LJIET] 04
7 Define remote sensing. Enlist types of remote sensing.(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET] 03
8 What is energy interaction in remote sensing? Describe the energy interaction with earth surface 07
features.(Nov 2017) [LJIET]
9 Differentiate active and passive remote sensing.(Nov 2017) [LJIET] 03
TOPIC:2 Principle
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 In active system of remote sensing the energy used for mapping objects_______. (LJIET) 01
Ans: Sensors have their own source of energy.
2 In passive system of remote sensing the energy used is _______. (LJIET) 01
Ans: Sun’s Electromagnetic energy
1 What is basic principle of remote sensing? Discuss active and passive remote sensing. 07
(Jun2010) [LJIET]
2 How remote sensing is useful in civil engineering? Differentiate active and passive remote 04
sensing.(Jun 2017)[LJIET]
3 Explain the basic principle of remote sensing.(Dec 2010, Jun 2013) [LJIET] 3.5
4 Explain basic principle of Remote Sensing. Short note on idealized remote sensing. (Jun 2016) 03
[LJIET]
5 What is remote sensing? Explain global positioning system in brief.(Jun 2017-old) [LJIET] 07
TOPIC:3 Components of Remote Sensing
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 _______ is not element of interpretation. (LJIET) 01
Ans: Signature
2 _______ is not platform in zero gravity (LJIET) 01
Ans: Aircraft
3 Which type of signals is used only in day times in RS?(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 01
1 Write a short note on an idealized Remote Sensing system. (Nov 2011) [LJIET] 07
2 Explain components of remote sensing. (Dec 2014) [LJIET] 07
3 Describe components of remote sensing. (Jun2015) [LJIET] 07
4 Define remote sensing. Explain components of remote sensing.(Dec 2015-old) [LJIET] 07
5 Explain the components of remote sensing. (Jun2016) [LJIET] 04
6 Define remote sensing. Enlist types of remote sensing. List the applications of remote sensing. 07
(Jun2016-old) [LJIET]
TOPIC:4 Electromagnetic Energy & Spectrum
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 EM energy which falls on water is _______(LJIET) 01
Ans: Absorbed, transmitted and reflected
2 Colour of green vegetation in near IR image in FCC is _______(LJIET) 01
Ans: Red
3 The water in satellite images appear in varying tones of _______(LJIET) 01
Ans: Red
4 Which band of EM spectrum has ability to penetrate in ground _______(LJIET) 01
Ans: Microwave
5 Which of following energy band have maximum energy _______(LJIET) 01
Ans: Gamma rays.
1 Explain schematically the interaction of electromagnetic radiations with earth and water 07
surfaces. (Jun 2010) [LJIET]
2 What are the properties of electromagnetic waves? Draw complete electromagnetic spectrum showing all 07
wavelengths.(Jun 2010) [LJIET]
3 Explain principles of electromagnetic energy interaction in atmosphere and with earth surface. 07
(Nov 2011) [LJIET]
TOPIC:5 Energy Interaction with Objects
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 Ground Truth verification is used for_______(LJIET) 01
Ans: Supervised Digital interpretation
2 GPS use for 01
a)Preparing maps b) ground truth verification c) for navigation d) all of above (Jun2016)
[LJIET]
1 Explain various methods of interaction of EM radiation with matter What is the effect of EM 07
radiation of the earth’s surface? (Dec 2010) [LJIET]
2 Describe energy interaction with atmosphere and earth surface features. (May 2012, Jun 2013) 3.5
[LJIET]
3 Discuss, Interaction of electromagnetic radiation with earth surface. (Jun 2014) [LJIET] 07
4 Explain the interaction of EM energy with earth surface features. (Dec 2014) [LJIET] 07
5 Explain energy interaction with earth surface features.(Jun 2015-old) [LJIET] 07
TOPIC:6 Resolution and types of Images

SHORT QUESTIONS
1 Spatial Resolution is governed by number of pixels per_______(LJIET) 01
Ans: IFOV
2 Full form of IFOV is _______(LJIET) 01
Ans: Instantaneous Field of View
1 Discuss image interpretation techniques (Dec 2010, Jun 2013) [LJIET] 3.5
2 Explain digital image processing. (Dec 2013) [LJIET] 07
3 Discuss; spatial, spectral, radiometric and temporal resolutions of remote sensing. Briefly discus 07
various operations involved in digital image processing for remote sensing. (Jun 2014) [LJIET]
4 Explain the types of remote sensing and Image interpretation techniques.(Nov 2016-old) 07
[LJIET]
5 Briefly discuss digital image processing. (Jun 2016) [LJIET] 04
6 Discuss various resolutions of remote sensing data.(Jun2016-old) [LJIET] 07
7 Describe image interpretation techniques in brief.(Jun 2017-old) [LJIET] 07
8 What do you mean by image interpretation? Describe at least five elements of visual image 07
interpretation.(Jun 2017)[LJIET]
TOPIC:7 Global Positioning System
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 GPS is used for_______(LJIET) 01
Ans: Preparing Maps, Ground truth verification & as navigational aid
1 Write a short note on Global Positioning System (Jun 2011) [LJIET] 07
2 Describe Global Positioning System (GPS) in detail. (Dec 2010) [LJIET] 07
3 What do you mean by GPS? Give an overview of GPS. Describe briefly the uses and 07
applications of GPS. (May 2012) [LJIET]
4 Discuss various receiver types used for GPS positioning. (Jun 2014) [LJIET] 04
5 What is GPS? State its working principle(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 03
6 Explain global positioning system (Jun2015) [LJIET] 07
7 Write short note on “Global positioning system”.(Jun2015-old) [LJIET] 07
8 What is Global Positioning System? Explain the various segments of GPS.(Nov 2016-old) 07
[LJIET]
9 Explain uses of GPS.(Nov 2016) [LJIET] 07
10 What is GPS? Discuss three segments of GPS.(Jun2016-old) [LJIET] 07
11 Emphasis on use of GPS for public use(Nov 2017) [LJIET] 03
12 Explain the working principle of GPS.(Nov 2017) [LJIET] 03
CHAPTER NO- 8: Geographic Information System
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 GIS is _______(LJIET) 01
Ans: A software
2 GIS is operated on _______(LJIET) 01
Ans: Digital Computer
3 Name two basic data types of GIS________(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 01
1 What is G.I.S.? Describe history and development of G.I.S(Dec 2013) [LJIET] 07
2 What is G.I.S.? Write functions and applications of G.I.S.(Jun 2017-old) [LJIET] 07
3 State the merits and demerits of GIS(Nov 2017) [LJIET] 04
TOPIC:2 Definitions
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 Define GIS(LJIET) 01
Ans It is an integrated database management system for spatially distributed features and
the associated attributes.
OR
GIS is a tool for storing, processing and retrieving displaying data for geospatially
referenced earth surface
2 Four M’S of GIS is _______(LJIET) 01
Ans: Measurement, Monitoring, Mapping & Modelling
1 What is Geographical Information System (GIS)? (Jun 2010, Nov 2011, Jun 2013) [LJIET] 01
2 Define GIS. (Dec 2010, Jun 2011, May 2012, Jun 2014, Dec 2014) [LJIET] 01
3 Define: GIS. What are the objectives of GIS?(Nov 2017-old) [LJIET] 03
TOPIC:3 Key Component
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 Key Component of GIS is_______(LJIET) 01
Ans: Computer System, GIS software, Procedure for operation, Data & Information and
End Users.
1 Discuss the key components of GIS (Jun 2010) [LJIET] 3.5
2 Explain key components of GIS. (Jun 2010, Nov 2011, Jun 2013) [LJIET] 03
3 Enlist key components of GIS. (Dec 2010, Jun 2011) [LJIET] 02
4 What are the key components of GIS? (May 2012) [LJIET] 3.5
5 Give its key components. (Jun 2014) [LJIET] 03
6 Define GIS. Enlist key components of GIS and give application of GIS in civil engineering.(Jun 07
2015-old) [LJIET]
7 What are the various key components of geographical information system? Enlist various 07
software’s used in GIS and explain any one.(Nov 2016-old) [LJIET]
8 Define: GIS. What are the objectives of GIS? Discuss the key components of GIS..(Jun 2016- 07
old) [LJIET]
9 Describe all key components of GIS and explain the use of GIS in the field of engineering(Jun 07
2017)[LJIET]
10 Discuss all components of GIS and explain the use of GIS in the field of civil engineering(Nov 07
2017) [LJIET]
TOPIC:4 Function of GIS
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 Spatial data is related with_______(LJIET) 01
Ans: Related with location of objects
2 Topological data is related with _______(LJIET) 01
Ans: Relative description of objects
1 What are the objectives of GIS? (Jun 2010) [LJIET] 3.5
2 List various functions of GIS. (Jun 2010, Nov 2011, Jun 2013) [LJIET] 03
3 Write its objectives. (May 2012) [LJIET] 02
4 Explain the objectives of GIS. (Dec 2014) [LJIET] 06
5 Explain functions of GIS(Jun 2015) [LJIET] 07
6 Write application of GIS in civil engineering (Nov 2016) [LJIET] 07
TOPIC:5 Geospatial Analysis

SHORT QUESTIONS
1 For spatial data capturing from old maps methods used is_______(LJIET) 01
Ans: Digitizing
2 For spatial data capturing from satellite images the methods used is_______(LJIET) 01
Ans: Direct data transfer
3 Pixel is a _______(LJIET) 01
Ans: Smallest element of Image
1 Write short note on Geospatial analysis. (Jun 2011) [LJIET] 07
2 Write a short note on Geospatial analysis. (Nov 2011) [LJIET] 3.5
3 Explain geospatial analysis. (May 2012) [LJIET] 3.5
4 Write short note on Geospatial analysis.(Dec 2015) [LJIET] 07
5 Classify GIS data with suitable examples. Discuss integration of remote sensing and GIS.(Jun 07
2015-old) [LJIET]
6 Write function of G.I.S .short note on geospatial data (Jun 2016) [LJIET] 07
7 Discuss Raster and Vector data format for GIS.(Jun 2016-old) [LJIET] 07
8 Define image interpretation and describe different elements of visual image interpretation.(Nov 07
2017) [LJIET]
TOPIC:6 Integration of RS & GIS
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 Satellite images helps in _______(LJIET) 01
Ans: Creating 3 Dimensional GIS
1 Discuss, how closely GIS is related to remote sensing. (May 2012) [LJIET] 02
2 Explain integration of Remote sensing and GIS (Dec 2012) [LJIET] 07
3 Write short note on integration of remote sensing and G.I.S. (Dec 2013) [LJIET] 07
4 Discuss integration of remote sensing and GIS and explain use of RS & GIS data in preparation 06
of Land use/ Land cover map. (Jun 2014) [LJIET]
5 Explain the various applications of GIS and Remote sensing in civil engineering with suitable 07
examples.(Dec 2015) [LJIET]
TOPIC:7 Application
SHORT QUESTIONS
1 GIS can be used for_______(LJIET) 01
Ans: Law & order, Disaster Management and Planning of transport network
1 Explain the various applications with suitable examples of Remote Sensing and GIS in civil 07
engineering. (Dec 2010, Jun 2013) [LJIET]
2 Explain applications of GIS in civil engineering. (Dec 2010, Jun 2011) [LJIET] 04
3 Discuss the advantages of GIS(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 03
4 What are the applications of Geographical Information System (GIS) in Civil engineering? (Nov 3.5
2011) [LJIET]
5 Briefly describe the applications of GIS. (May 2012) [LJIET] 02
6 State the use of GIS in various field (Dec 2012) [LJIET] 07
7 Discuss the application of GIS in civil engineering discipline. (Dec 2014) [LJIET] 07
8 What do you mean by spatial and non-spatial data used in GIS. Also describe the application of 07
geographical information system.(Nov 2016-old) [LJIET]
9 Define GIS. What are the applications of GIS in Civil Engineering?.(Dec 2015-old) [LJIET] 07

Q Bank CL As Sem IV 2017

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L.J.

Institute of Engineering & Technology Semester: IV (2017)

Subject Name: Advanced Surveying

Sr. CHAPTER NO- 1: Tacheometry Surveying Marks

Ans: Undulating Area

Instrument Staff Vertical Staff Remark

AB 40° 20' + 4° 00' 1.750

BC 310° 40' + 3° 10' 1.480

CD 220° 00' + 2° 20' 1.670

Instst Height Staff Vertical Hair Remark

P 1.45 B.M - 6 0 12’ 0.98,

Inst. St. HI Staff St. Vertical Staff Remark

Inst. St Staff St. HI Bearing Vertical Staff

Advanced Survey (2140601) 2016 Page 5

14 Instrument Staff Bearing Vertical 04

P Q 82° +3°52’ 1.65 3.15

Sr No Staff Vertical Staff readings (m)

17 Instrument Staff Station Vertical Angle Staff Reading Remark 07

Staff point Bearing Vertical angle Staff reading

Advanced Survey (2140601) 2016 Page 6

Inst. Bearing Staff Vertical Staff

22 Compute the horizontal distance PA and RL of point A for staff hel

Inst. Staff Vertical Staff

TOPIC:5 Tacheometric Constant& Field Survey

Advanced Survey (2140601) 2016 Page 9

15 What is triangulation? Classify and explain triangulation systems.(Jun 2017-old) [LJIET] 07

16 Differentiate primary, secondary and tertiary triangulation system.(Jun 2017)[LJIET] 03

17 Differentiate different types of triangulation systems(Nov 2017) [LJIET] 04

TOPIC:4 Triangulation Stations

Advanced Survey (2140601) 2016 Page 10

14 Define the following terms.(Nov 2016-old) [LJIET] 07

Advanced Survey (2140601) 2016 Page 13

3 Accidental errors are also known as ____________________ .(LJIET) 01

10o 20’ 40” 2 10o 20’ 38” 3 10o 20’ 39” 4

TOPIC:5 Theory of Least Squares

Advanced Survey (2140601) 2016 Page 15

82˚ 20’ 00” 82˚ 21’ 20” 82˚ 21’ 40”

3 One nautical mile is equal to 01

Advanced Survey (2140601) 2016 Page 18

Altitude of star = 28° 24’. (Dec 2010)[LJIET]

3 Explain the method of determination of azimuth by observation on circum polar stars.(Nov 07

Advanced Survey (2140601) 2016 Page 20

5 The relief displacement of a minar 72 m high on photograph is 7.2 mm 01

Advanced Survey (2140601) 2016 Page 22

Advanced Survey (2140601) 2016 Page 23

4 Define overlap & explain importance of overlaps. (Nov 2016)[LJIET] 04

7 The scale of an aerial photograph is 1 cm = 100 m. The photograph size is 23 cm x 23 cm. 07

Advanced Survey (2140601) 2016 Page 24

1 Parallax Bar is used to measure ___________________ .(LJIET) 01

8 What is total station? Explain the uses of Total station.(Nov 2016)[LJIET] 04

TOPIC:6 Resolution and types of Images

TOPIC:5 Geospatial Analysis

Advanced Survey (2140601) 2016 Page 31

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