TLE 4 INTRODUCTION AND TEACHING COMMON COMPETENCIES IN AGRI –

FISHERY ARTS 2

TLE 4
(INTRODUCTION AND
TEACHING COMMON
COMPETENCIES IN
AGRI-FISHERY ARTS
2)
 Introduction

This module will introduce you to the exploratory aspects of Fishery Arts. It explains
the different areas covered namely; Fish Morphology, Fish Culture, Fish Capture and
Fish Preservation. Fish, as the major product will be discussed in this module. You will
be given information on the morphology of fishes, fishery as a business, and the three
branches of fishery including technical terms encountered in the study of fishery for
further understanding of the topic.

Insights will also be given into what you could learn in this module for you to be able
to decide on which area of fishery arts you would specialize in so you can participate in
any fishery programs of the government and promote economic progress of the
community and the country.

Objectives:
At the end of this module you are expected to;

A. Familiarize the use of tools and equipment and their maintenance.

B. Demonstrate an understanding of mensuration and calculation, interpretation of
plans and layout and application of safety measurements in the workplace.
C. Apply the technical know-how in fish culture, fish capture and fish preservation.

Pre- assessment

Directions: Provide information on what you already know in the first column (K) and
what you want to know in the second column (W). You will record what you have
learned in the third column (L) as the lesson proceeds, and the fourth column (S). So
what is used to list ways in which the new knowledge will be useful to you in relation to
Fish Morphology, Fish Culture, Fish Capture and Fish Preservation.

K (know) W (want) L (learned) S (so what)

Fish Morphology

Fish Culture

Fish Capture

Fish
Preservation
 Learning Goals/ Targets

Having identified your strengths and areas for improvement you are now ready to
set your learning goals and targets.

Now, think further and write your goals and targets.

GOALS
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TARGETS (Specific Objectives with dates indicated)

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 Lesson 1 Fishery

Objectives:

1. Explain the concepts of fishery.

2. Discuss the morphology of fish – its parts and functions
3. Identify the internal parts of the fish
4. State and identify the functions of internal parts of the fish
5. Distinguish the possibility of culturing, preserving and marketing of fish
6. Differentiate the three branches of fishery arts.

Fish Culture – is the artificial propagation and breeding of fish. Its aspect of
aquaculture is one of the answers to the present needs of increasing food production.
As a subsidiary of aquaculture, it deals with the cultivation of fishes in ponds and in
other aquaculture facilities, such as cages, fish ponds, tanks, raceways and rice
paddies. Since many freshwater and brackish water species are cultured in ponds, it is
the concern of this lesson to study fish and its parts with corresponding functions.

Before going through the lesson, try to find out what you already know and what you
still need to know about fish morphology, fish culture, fish capture and fish preservation.

Take this Pre-Test

Read the statements carefully and write the word or group of words that best complete
the thought of each statement below.

1. A science that deals with the study of fishes is called

A. Aquaculture
B. Biology
C. Fish Culture
D. Ichthyology

2. The human effort of raising the maximum productivity of fish and other fishery
products to satisfy human needs is __________
A. Fish Capture
B. Fish cultivation
C. Fish culture
D. Fish propagation
3. When fishes are imported or introduced into the country they are classified as
______
A. Endemic
B. Exotic
C. Native
D. Wild
4. A fish pond which is used by students in school is intended for
A. Commercial of Business
B. Educational and cultural or scientific pursuit
C. Food production
D. Recreational and enjoyment
5. _______________ exists when the pond is overstocked and has lesser growth of
natural food a revival for food space and oxygen
A. Cannibalism
B. Competition
C. Fighting
D. Spawning
 Abstraction (Know)

Fish is a cold-blooded vertebrate living in water, breathing by means of gills, whose

body may or may not be covered with scales. In general, it includes all the fin fishes and
other aquatic animals such as crustaceans, (crabs, prawns, shrimps and lobsters) and
mollusks (clams, mussels, oysters, snails and shellfishes).

Based on the fossils recovered five million years ago, there were no distinguishing
features of a fish. The primitive fish belongs to ostracoderms, which has a mouth just a
small opening, and the placoderms to which our present day bony fish belong.

Fish is a business for it is a source of income, foods and livelihood. It can be

cultured for commercial purposes and marketed properly.

Fishery is the business of catching, handling, taking, marketing and preserving of

fish and other fishery products.

Branches of Fishery

1. Fish Culture – the human effort of raising the maximum productivity of fish and
other fishery aquatic products and maintaining the supply of these products to
satisfy human needs.

2. Fish Capture – branch of fishery science that deals with the scientific method of
catching fish as well and the type of fishing gear used.

3. Fish Preservation – branch of fishery science that deals with the scientific
method of preserving fish and other fishery aquatic products to prevent spoilage.
External Parts of the Fish and their Functions

1. Operculum / Gill cover – part of the fish that covers the gills.
2. Scales – part of the fish that covers the body.
3. Lateral lines – lines along the body of the fish used to help the fish adapt itself to
the new environment.
4. Fins – part of the fish that is used for swimming, balancing and propelling in
water.
5. Eyes – part of the fish that is used for seeing.
6. Mouth – part of the fish that is used for swallowing objects particularly food.

Internal Parts of Fish and their Functions

1. Spine – the primary structural framework upon which the fish’s body is built. It
connects to the skull at the front of the fish and the tail at the rear. The spine is
made up of numerous vertebrae which are hollow and which protect the delicate
spinal cord.

2. Spinal Cord – the part that connects the brain to the rest of the body and relays
sensory information from the body to the brain, as well as instruction from the
brain to the rest of the body.

3. Brain – the control center of the fish where both automatic functions and higher
behaviors occur. All sensory information is processed here.

4. Lateral line – one of the fish’s primary sense organs. It detects under water
vibrations and is capable of determining the direction of their source.

5. Swim of Air Bladder – a hollow, gas-filled balance organ that allows a fish to
conserve energy by maintaining neutral buoyancy in water.

6. Kidney – filters liquid waste material from the blood. These wastes are the
passed out of the body.

7. Stomach and intestines – breaks down foods and absorbs nutrients.

8. Pyloric caeca – finger like projecting located near the functions of the stomach
and the intestines. It’s known to secrete enzymes that aid digestion. It may also
function to absorb digested food or do both.

9. Liver – it assists digestion by secreting enzymes that breaks down fats, and also
serves as storage area for fats and carbohydrates.
10. Heart – circulates blood throughout the body.
 11. Muscle – provide movement and locomotion. These are parts of the fish that are
usually eaten. They compose that fillet of the fish that are usually eaten.
12. Gonad – hormone secreting sexual gland of a fish.

Fish Scales Tell the Age of a Fish

Like a tree, scales show rings that indicates the period of growth. Rings that are
farther apart occur when the fish does not get much food and grows slowly. On the
scale you can identify the summer growth and the winter growth. (There will be several
rings in each.)

The core represents the fish when it was first born, as a fry. The rings near the
edge are most recent periods of growth.

Types of Fish Scales

1. Placoid – It resembles a miniature tooth called denticles.

Ex. Shark scale

2. Cycloid – It is oval or circular in outline and has a smooth and exposed rear edge.

3. Ctenoid – Scales that have a rear edge made of small brush like spines or comb
like teeth.

4. Ganoid – A four sided plate that fits closely against adjacent plates without
overlapping.
Assessment

Activity 1
Draw and label the external parts of the fish.
Activity 2
Draw and label the internal parts of the fish.

Activity 3
Find out by accomplishing the scoring rubric honestly and sincerely. Remember it is
your learning at stake!

Score Criteria
5 Done creatively and neatly showing much
relevance to the given task.
4 Done creatively and neat enough with
relevance to the given task.
3 Done creatively and neat enough but no
relevance to the given task.
2 Done simply and neat enough but not so
relevant to the given task.
1 Done poorly with erasures and relevant to
the given task.

Lessons 1 enlighten you to the importance of gaining knowledge and

technology regarding fishery arts.
You are now ready to move on to the next phase of the lesson about fish culture.