ASSIGNMENT # 02

DATE OF SUBMISSION
07/JUNE/2021
SUBMITTED TO:
MA’AM Amna Riaz

SUBMITTED BY:

SYED IFRAN EJAZ 19011556-011

SHERAZ AHMED 19011556-014
IZAZ ALI 19011556-034
ALI SHABBIR 19011556-141
ZAIN UL ABEDIN 19011556-156
COURSE TITLE
Probability and Statistics
COURSE CODE
STAT-205
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
 Question No. 01 (SIMPLE PROBOABILTY)
Question No. 77
Link
http://blog.ung.edu/rsinn/files/2015/08/85MoreProbabilityQ
uestions_Solutions.pdf
A die is rolled and a coin is tossed, find the probability that
the die shows an odd number and the coin shows a head.
SOLUTION
Sample space
{ (1,H), (2,H), (3,H), (4,H), (5,H), (6,H),(1,T), (2,T), (3,T), (4,T), (5,T),
(6,T) }
N(S) =12
“A” is the event in which die shows an odd number and coin show head.
N (A) = { (1,H),(3,H),(5,H) }= 3
Probability:
N (A )
P(A) = N ( S)
3
P(A) = 12
1
=4

Hence the probability of die show an odd number and coin show head is
1
4
.
 Probability and Statistics (Walpole, Myers and Myers)
Ninth Edition
Question No. 02(CONDITIONAL PROBOABILTY)
Question No. 2.74
Book Page No. 69
A class in advanced physics is composed of 10 juniors, 30
seniors, and 10 graduate students. The final grades show
that 3 of the juniors, 10 of the seniors, and 5 of the graduate
students received an A for the course. If a student is chosen
at random from this class and is found to have earned an A,
what is the probability that he or she is a senior?
SOLUTION
Total Student (s) =10+30+10
N(S) =50.
Total number of student who recived grade “A” =18.
Probability of Grade “A” is:
N (A )
P(A)= N (S)
18
P(A)= 50

There are 50 students in the class, of which 10 are seniors with grade A.
so the probability that randomly selected student is a senior with grade
A.
10
P(S ∩ A)= 50
 P (S ∩ A )
P (S|A) = P (A )
10
50
P (S|A) = 18
50
10
P (S|A) = 18
5
P (S|A) = 9
 Probability and Statistics (Walpole, Myres and Myres)
Ninth Edition
Question No. 03 (LAW OF ADDITION)
Exercise Question No. 2.56
Book Page No. 60
An automobile manufacturer is concerned about a possible recall
of its best-selling four-door sedan. If there were a recall, there is
a probability of 0.25 of a defect in the brake system, 0.18 of a
defect in the trans-mission, 0.17 of a defect in the fuel system,
and 0.40 of a defect in some other area.
(a) What is the probability that the defect is the brakes or the
fueling system if the probability of defects in both
systems simultaneously is 0.15?
SOLUTION
For a best-selling four-door sedan. Let us define following events:
B: There is a defect in the brake system
T: There is a defect in the transmission system
F: There is a defect in the fuel system
O: There is a defect in some other area
From the given data:
P(B) =0.25 P(T)=0.18 P(F)=0.17 P(O)=0.40
P(B∩F) denotes the probability that there are defects in both brake and
fueling systems simultaneously
From the given data:
P (B∩F) =0.15
The probability that the defect is in the brakes or the fueling system is
P(B U F)

P (B∪ F)=P(B)+P(F)−P(B∩F)
P (B∪ F)=0.25+0.17-0.15
P (B∪ F)=0.27
 Introduction to Probability and Statistics
Metric Version 15th Editions
Question No. 04 (Independent Events)
Question No. 17
Book Page No. 155
Exercise No. 4.4
Suppose that P (A) = 0.4 and P (A ∩ B) = 0.12.
i- Find P (B|A)
ii- If P (B) =0.3, are events A and B independent?
Solution
By definition of Conditional Probability,
P (B|A) = P (A ∩ B) / P (A)
By putting Values,
P (B|A) = 0.12 / 0.4
P (B|A) = 0.3
ii- Note that P (B|A) = P (B) = 0.3, So A and B are independent
events.
 Introduction to Probability and Statistics
Metric Version 15th Editions
Question No. 05 (Law of Multiplication)
Question No. 15
Book Page No. 155
Exercise No. 4.4
Suppose that P (A) = 0.4 and P (B) = 0.2. If events A and B
are independent, find these probabilities:
i- P (A ∩ B)
Solution
By Law of Multiplication and using the fact that Events A and B are
independent
P (A ∩ B) = P (A) X P (B)
Using the values given the question, we get

P (A ∩ B) = 0.4 X 0.2
P (A ∩ B) = 0.08