TEXT EXPLANATION

A. BUILDING BLOCKS
Explanation Text
An explanation text is a non-fiction text that is used to describe how or
why things happen. It usually includes a sequence of events
(explaining how) and provides reasons for a process or phenomenon
(why).
For example:
• Rain
• The water cycle
• Earthquakes

Types Of Explanation Text

Explanation texts are categorized according to the type of process they
describe.

Sequentual Explanation
Explanations that describe natural
And non natural phenomena, for
Example life cyles.

Cause And Effect Explanation

Explanation text that Links
cause and effect in explaining
how and why an event occurred,
 for example volcanoes.

Structure of an Explanation Text

Social Function
An explanation text is used to describe how or why a certain phenomenon
happens.

General Structure
• A title that identifies the topic to be explained
• An opening statement that identifies the process to be explained
• A clear order of paragraphs that describe how and why
• A concluding paragraph that puts all the information together
• Finally, a visual text (a labeled image)

Linguistic Features
• Focuses on general group rather than specific.
• Use of Linking words like in general, rather, for instance.
• Use of action verbs like breaks, erupts.
• Use of present tense like is, wake, are.
• Reference to people should not be given.
• Passive voice may be used.
• Use of technical terms and language relevant to the subject.
• Conjunctions should be used to make connections like and, but.
• Gives a detailed description to create a rich meaning.

Passive Voice

2
When memfasis is on the action (verb) and the object of a sentence rather
than the subject of a sentence.

Example
• A letter is written by me.
• America was discovered by Columbus.
• Macbeth was written by Shakespeare.
• The door was opened by his son.
• The new ideas were suggested by Edo.

Forming passive voice

Name : Dani Ahmad Ryan Sutanto

3
Class : XI TAB