50154-50189 Re SSC 10th Class Social Study Materialcompressed

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X CLASS
SOCIAL STUDIES
ENGLISH MEDIUM
MAP TABLE
MAP-TABLE-GRAPH-PICTURE BASED QUESTIONS
GRAPH PICTURE
Prepared By M.V.Ramanareddy
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1. IndIa – Relief featuRes

1. Read the following map and answer the questions:
1. What are the horizontal lines drawn on the map?

A. The horizontal lines drawn on the map are latitudes.
2. What are the vertical lines drawn on the map?
A. The vertical lines drawn on the map are longitudes.
3. How many continents are there? What are they?
A. There are 7 continents. They are Asia, Africa, North America, South
America, Europe, Antarctica and Australia.
4. In which continent does India lies?
A. India lies in the continent of Asia.
5. In which hemisphere does India lies?
A. India lies completely in the northern hemisphere.
2. Observe the following map and answer the questions:
1. What is the latitudinal extent of India?
A. India is extended between 8°4ˡ and 37°6ˡ North Latitudes.
2. What is the longitudinal extent of India?
A. India is extended between 68°7ˡ and 97°25ˡ East longitudes.
3. What are the island groups of India?
A. Lakshadweep islands in Arabian sea and Andaman & Nicobar islands in Bay
of Bengal are the island groups in India.
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4. Write the neighboring countries of India?

A. The neighboring countries of India – Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan,
China, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal and Pakistan.
5. Which latitude passes through centre of the country India?
A. Tropic of Cancer, i.e.23½° North latitude passes through centre of the
country.
6. Write the east west distance of India?
A. The east-west distance of India is 2,933 kms.
7. What is the north-south distance of India?
A. The north-south distance of India is 3,214 kms.
8. What is the standard meridian of India?
A. The standard meridian of India is 82½° East longitude.
3. Which of these data are rising and setting times for the Sun at
Ahmedabad and Imphal. Explain your reason.
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A. 1. The longitudinal distance of India is 30°.

2. Due to this the Sun rises and sets earlier in Eastern states than in Western
states.
3. Imphal is the capital of Manipur, a eastern state. And Ahmedabad is the
capital of Gujarat, a western state.
4. So, the sunrise time 5.39 and sunset time 16.37 are related to Imphal. And the
sunrise time 7.20 and sunset time 18.05 are related to Ahmedabad.
4. What do the picture tells about?
A. This picture shows the view of Himalayas from Tibetan plateau. We can notice
that there are no trees.
5. What does the picture tells about?
A. This is the satellite picture of Himalayas, Northern plains and the Thar desert.
6. Observe the picture and write different levels of vegetation in
Himalayas.
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A. There are 5 levels of vegetation in Himalayas. They are –

Level I : There is no vegetation
Level II : There is only grass.
Level III : There is only conifers trees.
Level IV : This is covered with broad leaf trees.
Level V : This is terai region with tree cover.
7. Observe the picture and comment on it.
A. There are many valleys in Himalayas. This is Mawkdok Dympep valley which is
in Meghalaya state.
8. Observe the map and comment on this.
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A. The picture shows the terrace farming usually practiced in hilly and
mountainous areas.
9. Observe the map and answer the questions.
1. What are the hills found in the map?

A. The hill ranges found in the map – Aravalli range, Satpura range,
Vindhya Range, Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats.
2. Where are the Aravallis located?
A. The Aravallis are located in the states of Rajastan, Gujarat and Haryana.
3. What are central highlands in India?
A. The adjunct to and south of the Gujarat plains and north of the
Narmada River is called the Central Highlands.
4. What are the important plateaus in the Central Highlands?
A. Malwa plateau and Chota Nagapur plateau.
5. What are the different hills of Western Ghats?
A. The hill ranges of Western Ghats – Nilgiris, Anaimalai hills, Phalani hills and
Cardamom hills.
6. What are the different hills of Eastern Ghats?
A. The hill ranges of Eastern Ghats – Nallamalas, Velikondas, Pala kondas
and Sheshachalas.
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7. What is the highest peak in Western Ghats?

A. Anaimudi in Anaimalai hills is the highest peak in Western Ghats.
8. What is the highest peak in Eastern Ghats?
A. The highest peak in Eastern Ghats – Aroya konda in Andhra
Pradesh.
9. In which state Anaimalai and Palani hills are located?
A. Anaimalai and Palani hills are located in Tamilnadu.
10. In which state Cardamom hills located?
A. Cardamom hills are located in Kerala.
11. In which hills Ooty is located?
A. Ooty is located in Nilgirs.
A. This is a settlement in Thar desert. The desert area receives very low amount of
rainfall. It consists of undulating sandy plain and rocky outcrops. It occupies
much of western Rajastan. It has an arid climate with very low vegetation
cover.
11. Observe and comment on the picture.
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A. These are mangrove forests. The mangrove forests in West Bengal are called
Sundarbans. These trees have special roots, which grow above the ground,
called respiratory roots or knees.
12. Observe and comment the picture.
A. These are the coral reefs in Lakshadweep. Corals are the sea animals. Over the
years, when they die forms layers of land. Lakshadweep formed like this.
2. Ideas of development
1. What does the picture represent?
A.
2. What does the picture explain?
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A.
3. Observe the picture and explain why does the protest take place?
A. It is the protest at Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant. The government wanted

to set up a nuclear plant at Kudankulam in Tamilnadu for the growing needs of
power. The people have protested on the grounds of safety, security and
livelihood. Scientists, environmentalists, social activists also supported them.
4. What does the picture says?
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A. The picture shows that different people have different developmental goals.
This is because people have different needs. They live in different economic
backgrounds. They think in different ways. An old age person needs reliable
pension. Women argue for equal wages. Some wants to have jobs near their
family.
5. Read the table and find whether the two countries are developed?
A. In this imaginary table, there are two countries A and B with 5 citizens each. If
we calculate the average income of both countries will be Rs: 10,000/-. By
taking average income for comparison, we can’t say both are equally
developed. Country A is developed because it has more equitable distribution
of Income. In this country people are neither very rich nor extremely poor,
while most citizens in country B are poor and one person is extremely rich.
6. What does the picture show?
A. This picture shows the society where there are no income inequalities. It says
that every citizen has the same place in development.
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A. The picture shows the society where there are rich and poor. Here one person is
enjoying the fruits of development and the others are suffering.
8. Read the table and answer the questions.
1. How can you calculate Per Capita Income of country?

A. Per capita income is calculated by dividing the national income of a country
by its population.
2. Based on PCI, which is the developed state?
A. If we take per capita income as criteria for measuring development, Punjab
is the developed state.
3. Why do you say PCI is not a complete measurement of development?
A. Per capita income is not a complete measure of development because – it
do not measure the income inequalities.
4. What is the complete measurement of development? Why?
A. Human Development Index is the complete measurement of development.
It considers the health and education levels along with per capita income.
9. Observe the table and answer the following questions.
1. Expand IMR.
A. IMR means Infant Mortality Rate.
2. What is Infant Mortality Rate?
A. Infant Mortality Rate means the number of children who die within one
year of birth, out of 1000 live children born.
3. What is literacy rate?
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A. Literacy rate is the percentage of literate population in the 7 and above

age group.
4. Who is called literate?
A. The person who can read and write a language is called literate.
5. Expand NAR?
A. NAR means Net Attendance Rate.
6. What is meant by NAR?
A. The percentage of children attending school, out of the total number of
children in the age group 6-17 years.
7. Which state is better in infant mortality rate?
A. Infant mortality rate should be lower in any country. So, Himachal Pradesh
states in better position.
8. Which state is better in literacy rate?
A. Himachal Pradesh has the highest literacy rate.
9. Which state is better in net attendance rate?
A. Himachal Pradesh is better in net attendance rate.
10. Which one is the developed state?
A. Himachal Pradesh is the developed state because it is better in health
and education levels.
1. How is the per capita income calculated?

A. Per capita income is calculated by dividing the national income of a
country with its population.
2. Which country per capita income is high?
A. Per capita income of Sri Lanka is high.
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3. What is life expectancy at birth?

A. Life expectancy denotes the average expected length of life a person at the
time of birth.
4. Which country life expectancy is high?
A. Life expectancy is high in Sri Lanka.
5. Which two countries have the same life expectancy?
A. Pakistan and Myanmar have the same life expectancy.
6. Name the countries with better life expectancy than India?
A. Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and Nepal have better life expectancy than India.
7. What are average years of schooling?
A. Average years of schooling means - the average number of years of
education received by people ages 25 and older.
8. What is expected years of schooling?
A. The number of years of schooling that a child of school entrance age can
expect to receive given the present enrolment rates.
9. Why per capita income is measured in US dollars?
A. Per capita income is measured in US dollars because every dollar would
buy the same amount of goods and services in any country.
10. Expand HDI.
A. HDI means Human Development Index.
11. What is Human Development Index?
A. Human Development Index is a measurement of economic development
which includes education and health levels along with Per Capita Income.
11. Observe the table and answer the questions.
1. What did you observe from the table?

A. From the table it is observed that there has been greater development in
schooling and spread of education in Himachal Pradesh than India as
whole.
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2. Is there any progress in the recent years?

A. There has been some progress towards gender equality in the recent
years.
12. Observe the picture and write your comments.
A.
3. PRODUCTION aND EMPLOYEMNT
1. Read the news published in the newspaper and answer the

questions.
1. Expand GDP.
A. GDP means Gross Domestic Product.
2. What was the GDP growth rate in 2012-13?
A. The GDP growth rate in 2012-13 was 5%.
3. What is Gross Domestic Product?
A. GDP is the total value of goods and services produced in a country during
a financial year.
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4. What are the different sectors of the economy?

5. There are three different sectors of the economy. They are – agriculture
sector, industrial sector and service sector.
2. Classify the following occupations under agriculture, industrial and
service sectors.
Tailor – Service sector
Basket weaver – Industrial sector
Flower cultivator – Agriculture sector
Milk vendor – Agriculture sector
Fishermen – Agriculture sector
Priest – Service sector
Courier – Service sector
Workers in a match factory - Industrial sector
Money lender – Service sector
Gardener – Service sector
Potter – Industrial sector
Bea keeper – Agriculture sector
Astronaut – Service sector
Call centre employee - Service sector
1. What are the major changes you observe from the table?
A. The percentage of workers employed in agriculture sector decreased due
to increase in employment opportunities in industrial and service
sectors.
2. What would be the reasons for this?
A. Reasons:
1. Improved farming methods.
2. Industrial development initiatives of the government.
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3. Development of information and technology.

4. Infrastructural development.
3. Which sector is providing more employment opportunities?
A. Agriculture sector is providing more employment opportunities.
4. Why is the employment in agriculture sector decreasing?
A. Use of machines in all agriculture activities and new methods of
cultivations reduced the need of more workers in agriculture sector.
4. Observe the pictures and write the sector which they belong to.
1. Agriculture sector
2. Agriculture sector
3. Service sector
4. Industrial sector
5. Observe the graph and answer the questions.
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1. What do the picture tells about?

A. The picture tells about the share of different sectors of the economy to
the GDP.
2. What is GDP?
A. GDP is the total value of goods and services produced in country.
A. The three sectors of the economy - agriculture, industry and service
sectors.
4. What is the total value of GDP in 1972-73?
A. The total value of GDP in 1972-73 is 5,86,346 crores.
5. What is the total value of GDP in 2009-10?
A. The total value of GDP in 2009-10 is 45,16,071 crores.
6. Which sector is contributing more to the GDP in 1972-73?
A. Agriculture sector is contributing more to the GDP in 1972-73.
7. Which sector is contributing more to GDP in 2009-10?
A. Service sector is contributing more to the GDP in 2009-10.
8. What have you observed from the graph?
A. The contribution of agriculture sector to the GDP is gradually decreasing.
6. Write the intermediate goods against each one.
1. Note book – wood pulp, gum, paper and water.

2. Car - Iron and steel, plastic, glass, paints
3. Computer - plastic, copper, hardware and software.
7. Compute the growth rate of GDP.
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A.
8. Observe the pie chart and answer the questions.

A. The three different sectors of the economy – agriculture, industry, services.
2. Which sector is the largest contributor to GDP during 1972-73?
A. Agriculture is the largest contributor to GDP during 1972-73.
3. Which sector is the largest contributor to GDP during 2009-10?
A. Service sector is the largest contributor to GDP during 2009-10.
4. What changes you observed from the graph?
A. 1. The output share of agriculture sector has fallen drastically.
2. In contrast to this, there is a tremendous increase in the share of service
sector.
9. Observe table and answer the questions.
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1. Which of these sectors is providing more employment?

A. Agriculture sector is providing more employment opportunities.
2. In which sector more number of female workers employed?
A. More number of female workers is employed in agriculture sector.
3. In which sector most of the urban workers are employed?
A. Most of the urban workers are employed in industrial and service sectors.
4. In which sector rural workers find employment?
A. Rural workers find employment in agriculture sector.
5. In which sector most of the male workers are employed?
A. Most of the male workers find employment in industrial and service
sectors.
6. Which sector is the largest provider of employment?
A. Agriculture sector is the largest provider of employment.
7. Why the workers in agriculture are not providing as much as they could?
A. The workers in agriculture sector are not providing as much as they could.
This is because they are not fully employed. The workers are apparently
working but all of them are made to work less than their potential.
10. Draw a pie diagram using the data given in the table.
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A.
11. Draw a pie diagram using the data given in the table.
A.
12. Observe the following table and answer the questions.
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1. What is organized sector?

A. The organized sector refers to those enterprises where the terms of
employment are regular and they have assured work.
2. What is unorganized sector?
A. The unorganized sector refers to small and scattered units which remain
outside the control of the government.
3. Which sector is providing employment to the workforce in India?
A. Most of the working force is employed in unorganized sector.
4. What do you observed from the table?
A. The unorganized sector workers accounted for 92% of all workers
contributed 50% of the production. On the other hand, only 8% of people
engaged in organized sector contributed 50% of the production.
4. Climate of india
1. Observe the following climograph and answer the questions.
1. What is the latitudinal and longitudinal location of New Delhi?
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A. Latitude : 28.6° N
Longitude : 77.2° E
2. What is the maximum range of temperature during the year?
A. The maximum range of temperature in New Delhi is 35°- 40° C.
3. What is the minimum range of temperature during the year in New Delhi?
A. The minimum range of temperature in New Delhi is 5° - 10° C.
4. Name the wettest month and the rainfall for that month?
A. The wettest month in New Delhi is August and the rainfall for that month is
200 cms.
5. Name the driest month and the rainfall for that month?
A. The driest month in New Delhi is November and the rainfall for that month
is 5 cms.
2. Observe the climograph and answer the questions.
1. What is the latitudinal and longitudinal location of Leh?

A. Latitude : 34.1°N and Longitude : 77.6°E
2. What is the maximum range of temperature in Leh?
A. The maximum range of temperature in Leh is 30° - 35°C.
3. What is the minimum range of temperature in Leh?
A. The minimum range of temperature in Leh is 0° to - 10°C.
A. The wettest month in Leh is September and the rainfall for that month is 8.5
cms.
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5. Name the driest months and the rainfall for those months?
A. The driest months in Leh are October and November. The rainfall in those
months is 0 cms.
1. What is the latitudinal and longitudinal location of Jaipur?

2. What is the maximum range of temperature in Jaipur?
A. The maximum range of temperature in Jaipur is 35° - 40°C.
3. What is the minimum range of temperature in Jaipur?
A. The minimum range of temperature in Jaipur is 5° to - 10°C.
4. Name the wettest months and the rainfall for those months?
A. The wettest months in Jaipur are July and August. About 215 cms of rainfall is
recorded in those months.
A. The driest month in Jaipur is December and the rainfall in that month is 0 cms.
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1. What is the latitudinal and longitudinal location of Chennai?

2. What is the maximum range of temperature in Chennai?
A. The maximum range of temperature in Chennai is 35° - 40°C.
3. What is the minimum range of temperature in Chennai?
A. The minimum range of temperature in Chennai is 20° to - 25°C.
A. The wettest month Chennai is November and the rainfall in that month is
350 cms.
A. The driest month in Chennai is February / March and the rainfall recorded is
15 cms.
5. Observe the picture and answer the questions.
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1. How many climatic zones are there? What are they?

A. There are three climatic zones. They are – tropical zone, temperate zone and
polar zone.
2. What is tropical zone?
A. The regions between equator and the tropics.
3. What is temperate zone?
A. Temperate zone is the part of earth’s surface between the tropics and the
Polar Regions.
4. What is insolation?
A. The amount of solar energy received in a given area.
5. How do temperature changes by latitude?
A. The temperatures decrease as the latitude increases.
6. Why the climate of Kanyakumari is completely different from Bhopal or
Delhi?
A. The climate of Kanyakumari is completely different from Bhopal or Delhi
because it is situated in the southern part of the country and receives the
highest average temperatures.
7. What is the latitudinal extent of India?
A. India is situated between 8° and 37° N latitudes.
8. Which latitude divides India into two equal parts?
A. The Tropic of Cancer divides India into two equal parts.
6. Observe the following figure and answer the questions.
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1. When do the temperatures decrease in the India?

A. The temperature considerably reduces from mid-November.
2. What is the cold season in India?
A. The cold weather season begins from mid-November in Northern India and
lasts till February.
3. What is the coldest month in India?
A. The coldest month in India is February. The temperature drops below 10°C in
several parts of the country.
4. How are temperatures in North India?
A. The temperature in North India is low in January. The temperature is below
10°C in many parts of North India.
5. How are temperatures in South India?
A. There is moderate climate in South India as temperature remains well above
20°C.
6. What would be the range of average temperature in AP for January?
A. The range of average temperature in AP for January would be 15° to 28°C.
7. There is some small circle of places on 20°C. How is this possible?
A. There are Western Ghats and Nilgiris where the elevation is above 2000 mts
height.
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8. What is the temperature in Chennai in the month of January?

A. The temperature in Chennai in the month of January is 25°C.
9. What is the range of temperature in North-Eastern states of India?
A. The range of temperature in North-Eastern states is 15°C to 20°C.
10. What is the temperature in Delhi in the month of January?
A. The temperature in Delhi in the month of January is 10°C.
1. What is the hot weather season or summer in India?

A. In India, summer starts in April and lasts to the end of May.
2. What are the summer temperatures by the end of May in India?
A. By the end of May, the day temperature may touch 41°C to 42°C.
3. Which part of India experiences the Loo winds? / What are Loo winds?
A. During the summer season, the northern plains of India experiences dry and
hot winds called Loo.
4. What are mango showers?
A. The pre-monsoon showers are called mango showers. They are called so as
they help to the early ripening of mangoes and other plantation crops in
Peninsular India.
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1. What is meant by monsoon?

A. The seasonal reversal of winds between the Indian subcontinent and Indian
Ocean is called monsoon.
2. What are the two types of monsoons?
A. The two types of monsoons: South-west monsoon system and the retreating
monsoon system.
3. In which monsoons enter first in India?
A. Monsoons enter first in the state of Kerala by the first week of June.
4. When do the south-west monsoons reach Delhi?
A. The south-west monsoons reach Delhi by 1st July.
5. When do the south-west monsoons reach AP and Telangana?
A. The south-west monsoons reach AP and Telangana by 5th June.
6. Which areas in India receive high rainfall?
A. The amount of rainfall is high along the west coast of India.
7. Which part of India receives little rainfall during the south-west monsoons?
A. Coramandel coast or Tamilnadu coast receive little rainfall during the south-
west monsoon season.
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1. What is the retreating monsoon period?

A. The retreating monsoon period is from October to November.
2. What is the other name of retreating monsoon season?
A. The retreating monsoon is called as North-East monsoon.
3. What is meant by October heat?
4. During the retreating monsoon season, owing to the conditions of high
temperature and humidity, the weather becomes rather oppressive. This is
called October heat.
5. Which areas receive bulk of the rainfall during the retreating monsoon
season?
A. Coromondel coast receive bulk of the rainfall during the retreating monsoon
season.
11. Observe the following climograph and answer the questions.
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1. Which month received highest rainfall?

A. Highest rainfall is received in the month of August.
2. Which months experience highest and lowest temperature?
A. Highest temperature is recorded in the month of May and the lowest in the
month of December.
3. Why is the maximum amount of rainfall between June and October?
A. Maximum amount of rainfall is received between June and October due to
the arrival of south-west monsoons.
4. Why is the temperature high between March and May?
A. The temperature is high between March and May because it is the summer
season.
5. Identify the relief conditions causing variations in temperature and rainfall.
A. Hyderabad is located in the Deccan plateau. It is situated at an elevation of
600mts from the mean sea level.
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5. IndIan rIvers and water resources

1. Observe the following map and answer the questions.
1. What are the important rivers in North India?

A. The important rivers in North India are: Indus, Ganges, Brahmaputra.
2. What are the important rivers flowing in North Indian Plains?
A. The important rivers flowing in North Indian Plains are – Indus, Ganges,
Brahmaputra.
3. What are the twin sources of Ganga river?
A. The twin sources of river Ganges are: Bhagirathi and Alaknanda.
4. Where do the two sources of Ganga join?
A. The two sources – Bhagirathi and Alaknanda – join at Devprayag to form the
Ganga.
5. What are the north-flowing tributaries of Ganges?
A. The north flowing tributaries of Ganges: Kosi, Gandak, Ghagra, Gomati,
Yamuna, Teesta rivers.
6. What are the south-flowing tributaries of Ganges?
A. The south flowing tributaries of Ganges: Rihand, Ken, Betwa, Chambal
rivers.
7. Name the states through which river Ganges flows.
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A. The states through which river Ganges flows are – Uttarakhand, Uttar
Pradesh, Bihar, Jarkhand, and West Bengal.
8. What are the important cities on the bank of river Ganges?
A. Important cities on the bank of river Ganges: Allahabad, Kanpur, Varanasi,
Patna.
9. Where does the river Indus originate?
A. River Indus originates in the northern slopes of the Kailash range in Tibet
near Lake Manasarovar.
10. What are the tributaries of Indus?
A. The tributaries of Indus: Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas and Sutlej.
11. Where does the river Brahmaputra originate?
A. River Brahmaputra originates from the snout of the Chemayungdung glacier
of the Kailas range near Manasarovar.
12. Name the states through which river Brahmaputra flow?
A. River Brahmaputra flows in the states of Arunachal Pradesh and Assom.
13. By what name river Brahmaputra is called in Tibet?
A. River Brahmaputra is called as Tsangpo in Tibet.
14. What are the tributaries of river Brahmaputra?
A. The tributaries of river Brahmaputra are: Dihang and Lohit.
15. Farakka barrage is built on the river ………………….. ( Ganga )
16. Ganga river is called as …………….. in Bangladesh. ( Padma )
17. Brahmaputra river is called as …………… in Bangladesh. ( Meghana )
2. Observe the map and answer the following questions.
1. What are the important Peninsular rivers?
A. The important Peninsular Rivers: Godavari, Krishna, Mahanadi, Cauvery.
2. What are the characteristics of Peninsular Rivers?
A. Peninsular Rivers are characterized by – fixed course, absence of meanders
and largely non-perennial flow of water.
3. In which direction most of the Peninsular Rivers flow?
A. Most of the peninsular rivers flow towards east and drains into Bay of
Bengal.
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4. Name the west flowing Peninsular Rivers.

A. The west flowing Peninsular Rivers are – Narmada and Tapti.
5. What is the largest Peninsular River?
A. Godavari is the largest Peninsular River.
6. Where does the river Godavari originate?
A. Godavari originates in the Triambak plateau near Nasik in Maharashtra.
7. What is the second largest Peninsular River?
A. Krishna is the largest Peninsular River.
8. Where does the river Krishna originate?
A. River Krishna rises near Mahabaleswar in Maharashtra.
9. Where the Mahanadi does originates?
A. The Mahanadi rises near Sihawa in Chhattisgarh.
10. Where the river Narmada does originates?
A. River Narmada originates from Amarakantak in Madhya Pradesh.
11. Where does the river Tapti originate?
A. River Tapti originates from Multai in Maharashtra.
12. Why do rivers Narmada and Tapti flow westwards?
A. The Narmada and Tapti through rift valleys or faults. As the slope of these
faults was westward, the rivers flowed towards the west.
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13. Write the rivers which drains into Bay of Bengal.

A. Rivers which flow into the Bay of Bengal are – Godavari, Krishna and
Mahanadi.
14. What are the important rivers that flow in Andhra Pradesh?
A. The rivers that flow in Andhra Pradesh are – Godavari, Krishna and Penna.
6. The people
1. Observe the following population pyramid and answer the questions.
1. What is the population pyramid?

A. A Population Pyramid is a graph that shows the age-sex distribution of
population of a country.
2. Estimate the percentage of children in the pyramid.
A. It is 31%.
2. Observe the following graph and answer the questions.
1. What is the graph tells about?
A. The graph tells about the sex ratio in India during 1951-2011.
2. What is sex ratio?
A. Sex ratio is the number of females per 1000 males in population.
3. When sex ratio was low?
A. Sex ratio is very low in 1991.
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4. When sex ratio was high?

A. Sex ratio is very low in 1951.
5. What was sex ratio in 2011?
A. Sex ratio in 2011 was 940:1000.
6. What changes do you observe from the graph?
A. Sex ratio decreased up to 1991. From 2001 onwards it has been improving.
7. Give your suggestions to improve the sex ratio.
A. Suggestions to improve the sex ratio:
1. Stopping female fetus feticide.
2. Punishing who goes to sex determination tests.
3. Improving women literacy.
4. Organizing awareness camps on the importance of Female children.
A. This picture explains how the women are discriminated in different situations.
1. They were killed before even their birth.
2. They were not given equal wages.
3. They were treated less equal than the male children in the family.
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4. They were married off at the early age.

1. Who are called working population?

A. The population aged between 15 to 59 years are called working population.
2. Who are called cultivators?
A. Cultivators are farmers, who farm or supervise the land that they own or take
on rent.
3. Who are called agricultural laborers?
A. Agricultural labors are those who work on another’s farm for wages.
4. What are the household industries?
A. The industries which are run at home are called household industries. Ex:
beedi making, pottery, weaving cloths, manufacture of toys, etc.
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1. In which year did the population decrease?

A. Population decreased in 1921.
2. From which year onwards the population continuously increasing?
A. Population has been increasing from 1921.
3. Which year is called ‘Great Dividing Year’? Why?
A. In the Census records of India, the year 1921 is called as Great Dividing Year.
This is because – after 1921 the population of India has been increasing at a
faster rate because of progressive decline in the death rate.
4. How much population increased in the decade 2001-2011?
A. Population increased during the decade 2001-2011 was 181 millions.
5. What could be the reasons for the speed increase in the population after
independence?
A. Reasons for the speed increase in population after independence:
1. Improved health and medical facilities.
2. Control of famines and droughts.
3. Increased employment facilities.
4. Religious superstitions.
6. Observe the posters given below and write the message they
convey.
A. Poster – 1: The first poster shows that the small family is happy family. In a
small family, the parents can take care of the children in all aspects i.e. in
providing food, schooling, clothing, medical treatment, etc.
Poster – 2: The second poster shows the difficulties in a big family.
7. Calculate the growth rate of population.
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A.
1. What is meant by fertility rate?

A. Fertility rate is defined as number of children a woman can bear till the end
of her child bearing years.
2. What did you understand by looking at the curve?
A. I understood that the fertility rate has been decreasing over the years.
3. When the fertility rate is near 2, what does this imply?
A. If the fertility rate is 2, it implies that, on an average, each and every mother
in a population is able to bear more than on child.
4. What is the present fertility rate in India?
A. The fertility rate in India is 2.7
5. What is the present fertility rate in AP?
A. The fertility rate in AP is 1.9
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9. Observe the following map and answer the questions?
1. What is meant by population density?

A. Population density denotes the number of persons living per unit area.
2. What is the population density of India in 2011?
A. Population density of India in 2011 is 382 persons per square Km area.
3. Which state has the highest population density in India? How much?
A. The highest density of population is recorded in the state of Bihar with 1102
persons per square km area.
4. Which state has the lowest population density in India? How much?
A. The lowest population density is recorded in the state of Arunachal Pradesh
with 17 persons per square km area.
5. Why population density is low in Arunachal Pradesh?
A. Arunachal Pradesh is a mountainous region and not suitable for cultivation
and transportation. So, the density of population is low.
6. Why the population density is high in Northern states of India?
A. The northern plains comprised of fertile soils with abundant rainfall. It is
also easy to develop road and rail transport facilities. So, the population is
high.
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10. Based on the following table answer the following questions:
1. Identify roughly how many centuries it took for the world population to
double for the first time.
A. It would take 300 years.
2. Identify in which continents the population decreased by 1800.
A. Oceania
3. Which continent has been most populous for most period of time?
A. Asian continent has been most populous for most period of time.
4. Is there any continent that is projected to show a significant decrease in
population in future?
A. European continent is projected to show a significant decrease in population
in future.
8. PEOPLE and SETTLEMEnT
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1. Which city is shown in the picture?

A. The city shown in the picture is Simla.
2. Simla is the capital of which state?
A. Simla is the capital of Himachal Pradesh.
3. For how much population Simla was designed?
A. Simla was designed for a population of 25,000.
4. What is the present population of Simla?
A. The present population of Simla is 2,00,000.
1. What is shown in the picture?

A. The picture shown here is the Pratapgad fort built by Shivaji.
2. Why Shivaji had chosen this place for fort?
A. Shivaji had chosen this place for fort because of its altitude from where all the
surrounding areas could be seen. This provided military security.
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1. Which decade’s data is not reported in the table?

A. Percentage of change in population in 1901 is not given here. This is because
the population of 1891 is not available.
2. From which decade to which decade has the population increase been the
highest in percentage?
A. The population increase has been the highest in percentage terms during the
decade 1991-2001.
3. From which decade to which decade has the population increase been the
least in percentage?
A. The population increase has been the least in percentage terms during the
decade 1911-21.
4. Plot the absolute number of population on the graph.
5. What are the reasons for the population growth in Vishakapatnam?

A. Reasons for the population growth in Vishakapatnam:
1. Vishakapatnam is a port city.
2. It is industrially well developed.
3. It is well connected by road, rail and airways.
4. There are many economic and social opportunities.
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4. Fill the settlement hierarchy and explain about it.

A.
1. What is the picture shown above?

A. The above picture is the settlement hierarchy.
2. Do you think settlements should be classified only on the basis of population?
Can you think of any other way?
A. Generally, the settlements are classified on the basis of population. The other
basis for classification is – infrastructural facilities, industrial development,
etc.
3. What does the bottom-most part of the pyramid show?
A. The bottom-most part of the pyramid shows the lowest level of the
settlement hierarchy.
4. What does the top-most part of the pyramid?
A. The top-most part of the settlement shows the highest level of the
settlement.
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5. Read the table and complete the required information.
A.
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1. What is urbanization?
A. Growth of population in towns and cities are called urbanization.
2. What are the reasons for the increase in urban population?
A. Reasons for the increase for urban population:
1. Natural growth – due to growth in the population already living in urban
areas.
2. Expansion effect – due to increase in urban areas when some areas
become small towns.
3. Migration – due to people coming from rural areas to cities and towns.
3. Why do people migrate from rural to urban areas?
A. Reasons for the migration of people from rural to urban areas:
1. Marriages
2. For better education facilities.
3. For employment opportunities.
4. For business affairs.
4. How much is the increase in the population during the last five decades, i.e.
from 1961-71?
A. 30 millions
5. What is the main reason for the increase in urban population?
A. The important reason for the increase of urban population is – the natural
growth in the urban population already living in urban areas.
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6. Calculate the percentage of increase in urban population due to natural

growth, expansion of urban areas and migration during 2001-2011?
A.
1. What is meant by migration?

A. Movement of people from their native places is called migration.
2. Who are called short term migrants?
A. People who stayed away from their native places for not more than six
months during the year are called short term migrants.
3. What is the reason for seasonal migration?
A. Reasons for seasonal migration – uneven development and regional
disparities.
4. To which community most of the seasonal migrants belong to?
A. Most of the seasonal migrants are SCs and STs.
9. RAMPUR : A villAge econoMy
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1. What does the table shows about?

A. The table shows about the land under the cultivated area from 1950 to 2010.
2. What is the standard unit of land?
A. The standard unit of measurement is hectare.
3. What do you observe from the table?
A. The areas under cultivation increased up to the year 1970. Afterwards there
is no change in the area because all the areas were brought under cultivation.
4. Plot the information given in the table on a graph.
2. Fill the following table based on the information on the crops grown in
your region.
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A.
1. What does the tables shows about?

A. The table shows about unequal distribution of land among farmers.
2. Who are called small farmers?
A. The farmers who own less than two hectares of land are called small farmers.
3. Who are called medium and large farmers?
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A. The farmers who own more than 2 hectares of land are called the medium
and large farmers.
4. What are the problems of small farmers?
A. Problems of small farmers:
1. They do not earn sufficient income to run the family.
2. They do not have working capital.
3. They usually lend money from the money lenders for high rate of interest.
4. These are the farmers who commit suicides.
4. What do you suggest for the equal distribution of land?
A. The land reforms should be strictly implemented. The government should
collect the excess land from the land lords and large farmers. The same is to
be distributed among land less farmers.
4. Observe the Pie diagram and answer the following questions.
1. What do the arrows indicate?

A. The arrows marks indicate that –
i. The small farmers consists of 87% of the farming community have only 48%
of the total cultivated land.
ii. The medium and large farmers consists of 13% of the farming community
have 52% of the cultivable land.
2. Would you agree that the distribution of cultivated land is unequal in India?
A. Yes, I agree that the distribution of cultivated land is unequal in India.
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5. Write your comment on the pictures.
A. Agriculture is a curse for a small farmer and boon for a big farmer.
1. What is meant by minimum wages?

A. The wages which are sufficient to buy minimum requirements for decent
living.
2. Who fix the minimum wages?
A. The state government fixes the minimum wages.
3. Why there is no wage fixed for women in certain works?
A. The works such as ploughing are done primarily by men, so no wage is
recorded for women.
4. What works are not done by men?
A. The works such as transplanting and picking cotton are not by men.
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5. The wages for men are higher than women, even when they are doing same
job. Is it justified?
A. In the agriculture sector, women are not paid wages equal to men. It is not
justified.
6. Why do you think men receive a higher wage than women for the same job?
A. It is believed that men are physically strong and work more than women. So,
they were paid higher wages.
10. Globalisation
1. Observe the picture and comment.
A. MNCs set up factories for production where they can get cheap labour and other
resources so that the cost of production is low and they can earn greater profits.
Here, the management is going to shift the unit of production when the workers
demanded for higher wages and better working conditions.
2. What do the pictures tell about globalization?
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A. 1. After the globalization, there is a craze for soft drinks which contain colors
and chemicals. This badly affected the earnings of the small street vendors
who sell coconuts.
2. I give the caption for the picture: “ Soft drinks spoils our health and Natural
drinks saves the life”.
11. Food security

1. Read the following graph and answer the questions.
1. What are the food crops? Give examples.

A. The crops which are primarily grown for food are known as food crops. Ex:
Paddy, Wheat.
2. What is the important food crop in India?
A. Paddy is the important food crop grown in India.
3. How much is the increase in the production of paddy?
A. Between 1970-71 to 2010-11, the production of paddy increased from 40
million tons to 96 million tons.
4. Are the food grain production is sufficient in the country?
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A. The production of food grains is not sufficient for the growing population in
the country.
5. What are the rain fed crops in the table?
A. Jowar and oil seeds are the rain fed crops.
1. What factors have contributed to the high growth of paddy and wheat yields
over the long period?
A. Factors contributed to the growth of paddy and wheat yields – use of
fertilizers, use of high yielding variety seeds, improved water management
systems.
2. Why should attention be given to increase the yield of jowar?
A. Jowar is one of the important coarse cereals and stable diet of millions of
people living below poverty line. It is also more nutritious food. So, attention
is needed to increase the yield of jowar.
3. What are oil seeds?
A. Oil seeds include – sunflower, soya been, sesame, ground nut, rapeseed, etc.
3. As shown for 1971, calculate per person availability of food grains
for 1991 and 2011.
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A.
Based on your calculations, fill in the blanks.

The per person availability of food grains increased between 1971 and 1991 but
was lower in 2011. This happened despite of the slowdown in population growth
in the recent decades. In future the government must ensure higher availability
through net production.
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4. The following graph shows the caloric intake per person in rural
areas. Observe the graph and answer the questions.
1. What is the standard intake per day in rural areas?

A. The standard intake per day in rural areas is 2100 calories.
2. What is the standard intake per day in urban areas?
A. The standard intake per day in urban areas is 2400 calories.
3. What percentage of people in rural India is consuming more calories than are
required?
A. Only top 25% of the population is getting more than standard intake, i.e.,2100
calories.
4. What is the reason for consuming lower calories than are required in rural
areas?
A. The main reason for consuming lower calories than are required in rural areas
is – the insufficient incomes of the rural people. Due to lack of purchasing
power, the people eat less nutritious food.
1. What is PDS system?
A. PDS system means Public Distribution System. The government supplies food
grains to the poor people at subsidized prices through ration shops.
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2. Write two defects you find in the Public Distribution System.

A. Defects of Public Distribution System –
1. Selling the food grains at higher rates than the government fixed.
2. Distributing the provisions fewer days.
3. In which states the PDS system is well performing?
A. PDS system is effectively functioning in the states of Tamil Nadu and Andhra
Pradesh.
4. In which states the PDS system is hardly fulfilling the people’s needs for food
grains?
A. The PDS system hardly seems to be fulfilling the people’s needs for food
grains in the states of Bihar, Rajastan and Punjab.
5. How the PDS system does guarantees food security in India?
A. Usually the incomes of the poor people are very low and they are unable to
purchase the food grains in the open market. The government is supplying
food grains at below the market prices through ration shops. So, this system
helps the poor to access food security.
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12. sustainable development
1. Observe the graph shown about the distribution of households in

India based on annual income ( 2010 survey ) and write a note on
the inequalities in India.
A. 1. 3 million households are classified as rich. Their annual income is above Rs.17
lakhs.
2. 31 million households are classified as middle class. Their annual income is
between Rs.3.4 to Rs.17 lakh.
3. 71 million households are classified as aspirers (those who look for the help of
government). Their annual income is in between Rs.1.5 to Rs.3.4 lakh.
4. 135 million households are classified as deprived. Their annual income is
below Rs.5 lakhs.
5. In the present society, the rich people becoming richer and the poor becoming
poorer.
6. The rich people with their wealth and political advantage holding all the
opportunities.
7. The poor people without adequate incomes are still deprived of minimum
necessities for decent living.
8. Such Wide inequalities in income cannot be basis for a welfare state.
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2. Write what you have observed from the graphs given here?
A. The first graph shows how the wealth is being accumulated in the hands of few
billionaires. The total wealth held by billionaires in 1996 was only 212 billion
rupees. It enormously increased to 11,000 billion rupees by 2011. This is not
what sustainable development says. The second graph shows increase in the
number of billionaires. In 1996, the number of billionaires was only 3. This
number increased to 55 by 2011. After observing these graphs, we can say that
the income inequalities have been increasing in India, in spite of the efforts of
government.
1. What do the picture shows?
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A. The picture shows that the way we are overusing the natural resources. The
people in the picture
2. Write your caption in the context of environment.
A. SAVE THE NATURE for BETTER FUTURE
4. Study the table and answer the questions.
1. What do the particulars of above table tell about?

A. Growth in extraction of some key minerals in India.
2. In comparison to other minerals, which one is not being extracted more than
double in 2008-09?
A. Coal is not being extracted more than double in 2008-09.
3. What might be the reasons for increase in mining?
A. Reasons for increase in mining – 1. Increase in the number of industries. 2.
Using machinery in mining, 3. Consumption of minerals increase, 4. Greed of
human beings.
4. What do you think would be the environmental and human costs of such
rapid growth of mining?
A. Environmental and human costs of mining:
1. Ground water pollution would increase.
2. Temperatures would increase.
3. Soil erosion occurs.
4. Overusing of coal leads to ozone depletion.
5. Write your caption in the context of development.
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A. “There is enough for everybody’s need and not for anybody’s greed”.
IDENTIFY THE PICTURES

F ❶ ❶
It is a village on the Brahmaputra valley in Assom
These are the Annamalai hills in Western Ghats.
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It is the broken embankment due to Aila cyclone happened in 2009.
Construction of Tungabhadra dam in 1952.
These are the land slide on Himalayas.

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This is a village in trans-Himalayas in Nubra valley of Ladakh. This village is

located next to a stream that flows with glacier melting. This region receives
almost no rainfall, the mountains are barren.
This is a rock shelter used by early humans at Bhimbedka, Madhya Pradesh.
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This is Vishakapatnam in Andhara Pradesh.
This is Dharavi slum in Mumbai. One of the largest colonies in which the
urban poor of India lives.
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A UN photo from 1957 showing the farming and irrigation in Rajastan.
This is the book SILENT SPRING, written by Rachel Carson. He explained the
impact on birds and human beings of spraying DDT for mosquito control.
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This shows the Chipko movement. The women hugged the trees, saving
them by interposing their bodies between them and the contractor’s axes.
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13. The world between wars

1900-1950:: Part - I
1. Identify the person in the picture and write two sentences about
him.
A. This is Eric Hobsbawn, the British historian. He
called the 20th century as the age of Extremes.
2. Observe the picture and write the answers.

1. What is the picture shows?
A. The picture shows about the Hitler’s Nazi party at Nurnberg.
2. Hitler was the dictator of which country?
A. Hitler was the dictator of Germany.
3. What do you observe in the picture?
A. I observed the strict discipline of Nazi soldiers.
4. Compare it with the political rallies you have seen.

A. The aim of Hitler and his Nazi party is to establish racial supremacy in the
world. But, the present political parties work for welfare of the people in
democratic ways.
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3. Observe the picture and answer the questions?
1. Who is in the picture?

A. The woman in the picture is Florence Owens, a Polish immigrant. She is a
destitute pea picker in California.
2. What would she be thinking?
A. She is thinking how to feed her children and worrying about the future.
3. When the Great Depression was took place?
A. Great depression took place during 1929-39.
4. What is meant by depression?
A. Worldwide economic decline triggered by a decline in demand and fall in
prices is known as economic depression. This initially began with a stock
market collapse in United States.
4. Observe the picture and answer the question.

A. It is the photograph showing the Atom bomb blast on Nagasaki, Japan.
2. Who dropped atom bombs on Nagasaki?
A. America thrown atom bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the two cities
in Japan during the World War II.
3. What were the effects of bombing?
A. Between 1,50,000 to 2,46,000 people were killed with the bombing
immediately. And also people suffering with leukemia and cancer for
decades.
4. When America was dropped atom bombs on Japan?
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A. The United States dropped nuclear bombs on the Japanese cities of

Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, 1945 respectively, during the
World War-II.
5. Observe the painting given and answer the questions.
1. What do the pictures show about?
A. The picture tells about the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia.
2. When the Bolshevik Revolution was took place?
A. Bolshevik revolution took place in Russia in 1917.
3. What is the artist trying to say?
A. The artist is trying to tell that Lenin led the revolution with his communist
ideals.
4. Who is the giant leader could be?
A. The giant leader shown in the painting is Lenin.
6. A cartoon in German with caption “Buy from the Jews, betray

your people 1929”. What bias does it show?
A.
1. The bias it shows is not to buy any product from Jews in Germany.
2. That act of purchasing could prove them to be traitors of Germany.
3. Germans under Hitler exhibited racial supremacy of Nordic.
4. They developed wanton hatred towards Jews.
5. Nearly 60 lakh Jews were killed by Nazis, followers of Hitler.
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1. What does the above graph tells about?

A. The graph tells about human loss that took place during years 1500 to
1999.
2. In which century, both war deaths and deaths per 1000 are highest?
A. During the 20th century (from 1900-1999), the war deaths and deaths
per 1000 are highest.
3. What may be the reason for highest war deaths in the 20th century?
A. The war deaths and deaths per 1000 are very highest in 20th century
because of the two World Wars. Use of modern destructive weapons
such as atom bombs and other chemical weapons is also another
reason.
4. What is the death rate in the 20th century?
A. The death rate in the 20th century is 44.4 per 1000 people or 4.5%.
8. Observe the time line chart and answer the questions.
1. What was the immediate cause of World War-I?
A. The immediate cause of World War-I was the murder of Archduke
Ferdinand of Austria, by a Serbian fanatic, on 28th June, 1914.
2. What was the treaty concluded after World War-I?
A. After the World War-I, the treaty of Versailles was concluded.
3. What was the period of World War-I?
A. The period of World War-I was 1914-18.
4. What was the peace organization set up after the World War-I?
A. The peace organization set up after the World War-I was the League of
Nations.
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5. What was the immediate cause of World War-II?

A. Hitler’s attack on Poland on Sept1, 1939 was the immediate cause of
World War-II.
6. What was the period of World War-II?
A. The period of World War – II was 1939 to 1945.
7. What was the organization set up after the World War-II?
A. United Nations Organization was set up after the World War-II.
8. What were the aims of United Nations Organization?
A. The aims of the United Nations Organization:
1. Preservation world peace.
2. Uphold human rights.
3. Respect international law.
4. Promotion of social progress.
9. Who was responsible for the World War-II?
A. The Chancellor of Germany, Hitler was responsible for the World War-II.
10. Who is the present Secretary General of UNO?
A. The present Secretary General of UNO is Ban ki moon.
1. What do you know from the given graph?
A. The graph shows that the military expenditure of the great countries has
been increasing.
2. In which year were the weapons prepared in large scale?
A. During 1914, the weapons were prepared in large scale.
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3. Why did the military expenditure increased for every 10 years?

A. Military expenditure increased for every 10 years because of armament
race.
4. What are the countries that spend more money on weapons?
A. Countries like Germany, Great Britain, Russia, Italy and France were some
big powers spent more money on weapons.
5. How much was spent on military expenditure in 1914?
A. About 397 million pounds were spent on military expenditure in 1914.
6. What is meant by armament race?
A. The competition between the countries to have best armed forces and
more destructive weapons is called armament race.
7. What the percentage of increase in the military expenditure during 1881-
1914?
A. Nearly 300%.
8. How much is the increase in military expenditure during 1880-1914?
A. During 1880-1914, the military expenditure increased by Ɫ265 pounds.
9. What are the results of wars on the society?
A. Effects of war on the society:
1. A large number of people die.
2. A large amount of resources will be wasted.
3. People lost their shelters.
4. Agricultural lands and industries will be destroyed.
5. Negatively affect the development of the country.
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1. Name the countries that did not fall under the German empire?
A. The countries that did not fall under the German empire: Portugal, Spain,
Turkey, Sweden.
2. Which country belonged to allied group?
A. England
11. What does the picture shows?
A. The picture shows the use of planes
during the World War - I to drop the
bombs.
12. What do the cartoon shows?
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A. The cartoon shows Hitler as a man of

peace and as well as man of war.
13. Observe the picture and give caption.

A. “Civilization or Barbarism? Don’t you
still understand?”.
14. Observe the figure and write about it.
A. This is the city of Nagasaki, in Japan. The US dropped atom bombs on this
city on 9th August, 1945. The first part of the picture shows the city before
bombing and the second part after bombing.
14. The world between wars

1900-1950 :: Part - II
1. Observe the picture and write about it.
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A. The picture shows the marching of

Bolsheviks on the red square during
the Russian Revolution.
2. Read the timeline chart and answer the questions.

1. Bloody Sunday is related to which Revolution?
A. Bloody Sunday is related to Russian Revolution.
2. Who was the Tsar abdicated during the Russian Revolution?
A. Tsar Nicholas II
3. Why do Bolsheviks protested in Petrograd in 1917?

A. Women took out a procession demanding ‘ peace and bread ‘.
4. What is meant by Comintern?
A. Comintern is the international organization to spread communism.
5. What is meant by collectivization of agriculture?
A. In Russia, all the farmers of a village pooled up their lands, worked
together, and produce was divided among the members of the farms. This
is was called collectivization of agriculture.
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1. Who is in the photo?

A. The leader in photograph is Lenin.
2. To whom he is addressing?
A. He is addressing to workers.
4. Write about the cartoon given below.

A. This is a poster in USSR during World War
I. It is saying that “ more metal more
weapons”.
5. What does the picture given below shows?

A. After the Great Depression, the US stock
market collapsed. A New Yorker offers to
sell his roadster after losing his money in
the stock market crash.

A. This picture shows how women
accused of protecting Jews being
publicly punished.
7. Observe the timeline chart and answer the questions.

1. How do you think the victory on Auschwitz and liberation by the Soviet
Union led to an easy success for the Allied nations?
A. After the liberation of Auschwitz the Allied got victory in Europe. So, I can
say so.
2. What were the main incidents which occurred in 1941 in world’s history?
A. The main incidents that occurred in 1941 are – Germany invaded the
USSR, Mass murder of the Jews began, United States joined the Second
World War.
3. In which country Weimer Republic was proclaimed?
A. Weimer Republic was proclaimed in Germany.
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4. Who was responsible for the World War II?

A. Hitler was responsible for the World War II.
5. What was the immediate cause of World War II?
A. The immediate cause of World War II was – Hitler’s attack on Poland.
6. What was the party of Hitler?
A. Hitler’s political party was Nazi party.
7. Why the Jews were murdered during the Nazi rule?
8. What is the Jews killing centre in the table?
A. Auschwitz was the name of the killing centre of Jews.
9. What were the allies in World War II?
A. The allies during the World War II – United Kingdom, France, USSR, USA.
8. Observe the picture and write what it is?
A. These are the Jewish slave laborers in
the Buchenwald concentration camp
near Jena, Germany in 1945.
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1. What is the area marked with a boundary line?

A. The area under the boundary line is the area under Japanese control in
1942.
2. Write any two Asian countries which were under the control of Japan?
A. Burma and Korea are the Asian countries under the control of Japan.
3. What is Dutch East Indies is now called?
A. Dutch East Indies is now called as Indonesia.
4. Which region of China was under the control of Japan?
A. The region of China under the control of Japan was – Manchuria.
1. Who were the leaders in this picture?

A. The leaders shown in the picture are – from left Winston Churchill,
Franklin D. Roosevelt and Joseph Stalin.
2. Name the countries that they belong to?
A. The countries the above leaders belong to:
1. Winston Churchill was the Prime Minister of United Kingdom.
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2. Franklin D. Roosevelt was the President of United States of America.

3. Joseph Stalin was the leader of Communist party in Russia.
3. What is the importance of Yalta conference?
A. Yalta conference, sometimes called the Crimea Conference, held from
February 4 to 11, 1945. The purpose of the conference was to discuss the
post-war reorganization of Europe. The conference convened in the
Livadia Palace near Yalta in Crimea, USSR.
11. Who are the leaders in the photograph?
A. In the picture, it is Mussolini and Hitler
form left to right. Mussolini was the
dictator of Italy and Hitler was the
dictator of Germany.
12. What does the cartoon shows?

A. This cartoon shows that the treatment
of Jews in Germany is much like the
treatment of Blacks in USA.

A. In this cartoon the British Prime
Minister is advising to USA that Nazi
Germany is not to be afraid of. Hitler
is shown like a monster.
A. Nazi Germany is shown as leading

people to slavery.
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A. These are the war bonds released by USA during the World War II. The
government got the money to meet the war expenditure by selling these
bonds.
15. National Liberation Movements

in the Colonies
1. Read the map and answer the questions.
1. What are the Asian colonies of Britain?
A. The Asian colonies of Britain are – India and Pakistan.
2. What are the African colonies of Britain?
A. The African colonies of Britain are – Egypt and Sudan.
3. What are the Asian colonies of Holland?
A. The Asian colonies of Holland are – Colombo, Malacca and Indonesia.
4. What are the African colonies of Holland?
A. The African colony of Holland is Cape Town.
5. What are the Asian colonies of France?
6. The Asian colonies of France are – Cambodia and Vietnam.
7. What are the African colonies of France?
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A. The African colonies of France – Ivory Coast, Libya and Algeria.

8. Write any two Asian countries that were not colonies of any power?
A. The Asian countries that were not the colonies of any European powers
are – Afghanistan and China.
9. Write the African country that was not the colony of any power?
A. The African country that was not the colony of any power is – Ethopia.
10.Whose colony was Australia?
A. Australia was the colony of Britain.
2. Observe the photograph and answer the questions.
1. What is the protest shown in the photograph?

A. It is the May Fourth Movement happened in China.
2. When was the movement started?
A. The movement started on 4th May, 1919.
3. Why was the May Fourth Movement started in China?
A. After the World War I, the treaty of Versailles was concluded in 1919.
The decisions of the treaty are not favorable to China. It did not get back
the territories seized from it by Japan, although it stood on the side of
victorious Britain. So, the people angered and started the movement
on 4th May, 1919.
4. What are the demands of the movement?
A. Revolutionaries called for driving out the foreigners, to remove
inequalities and reduce poverty.
A. This picture says – “ Destroy the old world, build
a new world”.
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1. Who is the leader in the photograph?

A. It is Mao Zedong, the major leader of CCP.
2. Who are base to the revolutionary path of Mao?
A. The rural poor peasants are the base to the revolutionary path of Mao. He
wanted to bring peasant revolution in China.
3. What are the reforms that Mao want to bring in China?
A. Mao wanted to end warlordism, carryout land reforms and fight foreign
imperialism.
4. What is Yanan refers to?
A. Yanan is the place where Mao and his followers led the secret life to
secure from the Guomindong’s attacks.
5. Observe the map and what the people are doing?
A. The CCP under the leadership of Mao
Zedong, carried out land reforms in
China. The government collected the
excess land from the landlords and the
same was distributed to the landless
poor peasants. So, the people are
burning the old land records, which
exploited them.
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1. What is the country shown in the map?

A. The country shown in the map is Vietnam.
2. Under whose control Vietnam by the mid 19 th century?
A. Vietnam was under the direct control of the French by mid 19th century.
3. What are the main crops grown in Vietnam?
A. The main crops grown in Vietnam are – rice and rubber.
4. When was Vietnam unified?
A. Vietnam was unified on 30th April, 1975.
5. Name the countries which tried to get control over Vietnam?
A. The countries which tried to get control over Vietnam are – France, Japan
and USA.
7. Observe the photograph and identify the leader.
A. This is Ho Chi Minh, the leader of
Vietnamese Communist Party.
8. Observe the photograph and write about them.

A. The US wanted to check the growing powr of
communists in Vietnam. They thought that it
would be easier to kill if there was no forest
cover for the people to hide in. This photo shows
the spraying of Agent Orange, a defoliant plant
killer from Cargo planes.
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1. What is the country show in the map?

A. It is map of Nigeria.
2. Which tribal group is living in Northern Nigeria?
A. Hausa-Fulani tribes are living in Northern Nigeria.
3. Which tribal group is living in South Eastern part of Nigeria?
A. Igbo tribes are living in South Eastern part of Nigeria.
4. Which tribal group is living in South Western portions of Nigeria?
A. Yoruba tribes are living in South Western portions of Nigeria.
5. Who established colonial rule over Nigeria?
A. The British / England established colonial rule over Nigeria.
6. When was Nigeria got independence?
A. Nigeria got independence on 1 Oct, 1963.
10. Who is in the photograph and write about him.
A. This is Nnamdi Azikiwe, the founder of
Nigerian Youth Movement (NYM).
11. What is the photograph related to?
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A. Hhh
12. Who is in the photograph?
A. This is Ken Saro Wiwa, an environmentalist in
Nigeria. He questioned the environmental
pollution caused by the oil companies in the
Niger delta.
16. National Movement in India -

Partition & Independence : 1939-1947
A. It is Royal Indian Army crossing
Irrawaddy River in 1945. This is a
photograph relating to war between
British Indian Army and Imperial
Japanese Army over the Allied Burma
Campaign during World War II.
2. What do the photo shows?
A. The photo shows that how the
supplies are loaded into the C-46
planes by the elephants, during the
World War-II.
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3. Look at the photograph and answer the questions.

1. Who is the leader in the photo?
A. The leader in the photo is Subhash
Chandra Bose.
2. Whose help did Bose wanted to take to
get Independence to India?
A. Bose wanted to take the help of Japan
to bring independence to India.
3. What is the name of the army that Bose built?
A. The army built by Bose is Indian National Army (INA).
4. Who were the members of Indian National Army?
A. They were the prisoners of war (POW), who were caught by Japanese
during World War II.
4. What does the statue refers to?
A. This is the memorial for the Naval guards
who revolted for India’s freedom in 1946.
The guards or Rating of the Royal Indian
Navy in Bombay harbor protested against
bad food and behavior of their British
officers. This rapidly spread to other naval
bases in India. The head of the Naval Central
Committee, M.S.Khan is in the statue.
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1. When was Mahatma Gandhi died?

A. Mahatma Gandhi died on 30th Jan, 1948.
2. Who was the assassin of Gandhi?
A. The assassin of Gandhiji is Nathuram
Godse.
3. What is the title of Gandhi?
A. Bapuji, the father of the Nation – India.
4. What are the last words of Gandhi before
dying?
A. The last words of Gandhi were – ‘HEY
RAM”.
17. The Making of Independent

India’s Constitution
1. What does the picture shows?
A. This show that the Constitution of India

represents all the people living in the
country. It also says that the Constitution
is prepared and adopted taking the view
points of all kinds of people.
2. Discuss the idea of equality and justice as shown in this picture.
A. Equality and Justice:

1. The constitution of India has promised to
provide equality and justice.
2. Equality means providing equal
opportunities to all sections of the
people.
3. Justice means taking some special measures so that the weaker sections
can develop equal to others.
4. In the first picture, equal opportunity is given to the three children to see
the match. But, the small boy is not able to see.
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5. In the second picture, special arrangement is made to the small boy and
now, he is seeing the match.
3. Identify the photograph and write few sentences about him.

A. This is B.R. Ambedkar. He played a key
role in writing the Constitution of India.
He worked as the chairman of the
Drafting Committee of the Indian
Constitution. He made much effort for the
removal of untouchability in the society.
4. Look at the photograph and answer the questions.
1. When India was became Republic?
A. India became Republic on Jan 26, 1950.
2. Why is India called a Republic?
A. India is called a Republic because the head
of the state, the President of India, is
elected by the people. Moreover, there is
no place for kings and queens.

1. In which year were the highest
amendments made?
A. Between the years 1971-80 and 1981-90.
2. In which year were the lowest
amendments made?
A. Between the 1951-60.
3. How many amendments were made till
2013?
A. About 99 amendments were made till
2013.
4. What do you mean by constitutional amendment?
A. Constitutional amendment refers to the process of making changes in the
Constitution time to time. Article 368 of the Indian Constitution deals with
the method of amendment.
5. What is the need of constitutional amendment?
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18. Independent India (1947-77)
1. Observe the photo and answer the questions.

1. When were the first general elections
held?
A. The first general elections were held in
1952.
2. Which party own in the first general
elections?
A. Congress Party won in the first general
elections.
6. Who conducts the elections in India?

A. The Election Commission of India conduct the elections in India.
7. What is the minimum age to get the right to vote?
A. The minimum age to get the right to vote is 18 years.
8. Why don’t you have the right to vote?
A. I don’t have the right to vote because I am below 18 years of age.
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1. When were the first general elections held?

A. The first general elections were held in 1952.
2. Which party got maximum seats in 1952 and 1962 elections?
A. Congress party got maximum seats in 1952 and 1962 elections.
3. How many seats independents got in 1952 elections?
A. Independents got 37 seats in 1952 elections.
4. How many seats independents got in 1962 elections?
A. Independents got 20 seats in 1962 elections.
3. Answer the questions after observing the map of various regions
in the southern peninsula before States reorganization.
1. Which was the smallest state shown in the map?
A. Pondicherry
2. What was the state between Madras and Mysore states?
A. Coorge
3. Which is the southernmost state in the map?
A. Travancore – Cochin state
4. Which was the easternmost state in the map?
A. Andhra Pradesh
5. Who sacrificed his life for a separate state for telugu speaking people?
A. Sri Potti Sreeramulu
6. When was the State’s Reorganisation Committee appointed?
A. State’s Reorganisation Committee was appointed in 1953.
7. Who were the members of the State’s Reorganization Committee?
A. The members of the State’s Reorganization Committee – Fazl Ali,
K.M.Panikkar and Hridayanath Kunzru.
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8. How many states and union territories are there in India?

A. There are 29 states and 7 union territories in India.
9. What is the newest state formed in India? When was it formed?
A. The newest state formed in India is Telangana. It was formed on June 2,
2014.
10. How many states and union territories were formed in 1956?
A. 14 states and 6 union territories were formed in 1956.
4. Identify what the photo refers to?
A. This photo is about the construction of
Bhakra dam during 1960. This was one
among the largest dams in India. This
was built for the generation of hydro
electricity and flood control.
5.Observe the photo and write few lines about it.
A. This photo shows the adult literacy program
conducted by the government in the early years
of independence. Development cann’t be
achieved with large number of illiterates.
6. Identify the photograph and answer the questions.
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A. This is Lal Bahadur Sastri, the former Prime
Minister of India.
2. What is the political party he belongs to ?
A. Lal Bahadur Sastri belongs to Congress
Party.
3. Who was the predecessor of Sastri?
A. Lal Bahadur Sastri was the predecessor of
Sastri.
4. Who was the successor of Lal Bahadur Sastri?
A. The successor of Lal Bahadur Sastri was Indira Gandhi.
5. What were the major incidents happened during Sastri’s period?
A. Major incidents during Sastri’s period: Anti-Hindi agitation and War with
Pakistan.
19. Emerging Political Trends : 1977-2000
1. What was the non Congress party formed government at the centre for
the first time?
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A. The first non Congress party formed government at the centre is Janata
party.
2. Who was the first non Congress Prime Minister of India?
A. The first non Congress Prime Minister of India was Morarji Desai.
3. Who was the founder of Telugu Desam Party?
A. The founder of Telugu Desam Paty was N.T. Rama Rao.
4. What is operation Blue Star?
5. Operation Blue Star was an Indian military operation to remove militant
religious leader Bhindranwale and his militant armed followers from
Harmandir Saahib Complex in Amritsar, Punjab.
6. Expand AASU.
A. All Assom Students Union.
7. What was the Mandal Commission recommended?
A. Mandal Commission recommended 27% reservations to OBCs.
8. Which Prime Minister implemented Mandal Commission report?
A. V.P.Singh implemented Mandal Commission report.
9. Which leader led the Ram Janmabhoomi Rath Yatra?
A. L.K. Adwani, one of the BJP leaders led the Ram Janmabhoomi Rath Yatra.
10. What is meant by economic liberalization?
A. Economic liberalization refers to removing barriers or restrictions set by
the government allowing goods to be exported or imported and factories
and offices to set up easily.
11. Expand NDA.
A. National Democratic Alliance.
2. Identify the photograph and write about him.
A. This is Mr.Neelam Sanjeeva Reddy. He was elected
unanimously as the Speaker of the 6th Lok Sabha on
26th March 1977. Later he was also elected as the
6th President of India on 25th July, 1977.
3. Observe the photograph and write about him.
A. This is Morarji Desai, the first non Congress Prime
Minister of India. He was elected from the Janata
Party in 1977.
4. Identify the photograph and answer the questions.
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A. This is N.T.Rama Rao, the former Chief Minister of
Andhra Pradesh.
2. What was the political party he began?
A. He began Telugu Deasm Party (TDP) on his 60th
birthday in 1982.
3. What are the programs that made NTR to come to power?
A. The programs that led NTR to come to power are – midday meal scheme in
government schools, sale of rice at Rs 2 per Kg to the poor and liquor
prohibition.
4. Who was made the Chief Minister when NTR went to United State for a
surgery?
A. N.Bhaskar Rao was made as the Chief Minister when NTR went to US for a
surgery.
5. Identify the leader in the photo and answer the questions.
A. This is Rajiv Gandhi, the former Prime Minister.
2. What was the revolution brought by him?
A. Rajiv Gandhi brought Telecom Revolution.
3. What was the Tamil militant group Rajiv Gandhi
was assassinated by?
A. Rajiv Gandhi was assassinated by LTTE.
4. Expand LTTE.
A. Liberation Tigers of Tamil Elum.
6. Identify the leader in the photo and write about him.
A. The leader in the photo is V.P.Singh. He is the Prime
Minster, in the first coalition government. He is
from Janata Dal party. He implemented the
recommendations of the Mandal Commission by
reserving 27% of the seats to OBCs in government
education educational institutions and
employment.
7. Read the table and answer the questions.
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1. Who are the Prime Ministers in the National Front government?

A. V.P.Singh was the Prime Minister in National Front government.
2. Who are the Prime Ministers in the United Front government?
A. H.D.Deva Gowda and I.K.Gujral are the Prime Ministers in the United
Front government.
3. Who are the Prime Ministers in the NDA government?
A. A.B.Vajpayee was the Prime Minister in the NDA government.
4. What are the governing parties in all governments?
A. JKNC is the governing political party in all the governments.
8. Identify the leader and write about him.
A. This is P.V.Narasimha Rao. He was elected as the
Prime Minister from Andhra Pradesh. He
negotiated with the International Monetary
Fund for loans to overcome the financial crisis in
India.
20. Post-War World and India

1. What is the logo refers to?
A. This is the logo of United Nations

Organization (UNO).
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A. This is the UN headquarters in New York.
1. What are the military blocks formed after the World War II?
A. The world was divided into two military blocs after the World War II. They
are: 1. Communist bloc led by the USSR, 2. Democratic –Capitalist bloc led
by the USA.
2. Expand USSR.
A. Union of Soviet Socialist Republic
3. Which country has the highest number of warheads in 1985?
A. In 1985, Russia had the highest number of warheads in 1985.
4. What were the reasons for decrease in atomic weapons storage?
A. Ban on nuclear tests, the agitations against nuclear weapons are the
reasons.
1. Expand NATO.
A. NATO means North Atlantic Treaty Organisation.
2. Write any two member countries of NATO?
A. France, Belgium, Portugal
3. Which countries signed the Warsaw pact?
A. The Communist countries led by Russia signed the Warsaw pact in 1955.
4. Which countries entered to Cold War?
A.USA and USSR entered to Cold War.
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5. Identify the person in the photo and write about him?
A. This is Yuri Gagarin, an astronaut from USSR.

He is the first human being to enter the space.
6. Identify the person in the photo and write about him.
A. This is Neil Armstrong of USA. He is the first

human who stepped on the Moon in 1969.
7. Observe the picture and write the names of the leaders, the
countries they belong to and their designations.
A.
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A. This is the Berlin wall, which divides East
and West Germany. It was built to keep
western fascists from entering East
Germany and undermining the socialist
state. It was broke down in 1989.
1. What does the graph shows?

A. This graph shows the military expenditure of India and Pakistan.
2. Which country is spending more on military?
A. Pakistan is spending more on military.
3. What is the bone of contention between these countries?
A. The bone of contention between India and Pakistan is Kashmir.
4. How many times did India and Pakistan fight?
A. India and Pakistan fought in about four times – in 1947, 1965, 1991.
21. Social Movements in our times
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1. Observe the photo and write few sentences about it.

A. There was racial segregation in schools between
blacks and whites in USA. This is a photograph of
a black girl who was entering in the school of
whites.
2. Observe the picture and write a few lines about it?

A. This is Dr.Martin Luther King Jr. He fought against
the racial segregation followed between Whites
and Blacks in USA. He worked on the lines of
Gandhi. He dreamt a nation where his children
will not be judged by the colour of their skin but
by the content of their character.
A. The picture shows about the Bhopal gas tragedy.
2. When did the Bhopal gas tragedy happen?
A. Bhopal gas tragedy happened in 1984.
3. What happened in the company?
A. A poisonous gas leaked out in the Union Carbide
factory due to which thousands of people died.

1. What movement is shown in the picture?
A. Meira Phaibi movement is shown in the picture.
2. What is Meira Phaibi movement?
A. This is the movement led by women against the
violation of human rights with the massive
deployment of armed forces in Manipur state.
3. What is the meaning of Meira Phaibi?
B. Meira Phaibi literally means – torch bearers.
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MAP-TABLE-GRAPH-PICTURE BASED QUESTIONS

1. IndIa – Relief featuRes

1. What are the horizontal lines drawn on the map?

4. Write the neighboring countries of India?

Prepeared by M.V.RAMANA REDDY :: Cell No- 8978500780 2

A. 1. The longitudinal distance of India is 30°.

Prepeared by M.V.RAMANA REDDY :: Cell No- 8978500780 3

A. There are 5 levels of vegetation in Himalayas. They are –

Prepeared by M.V.RAMANA REDDY :: Cell No- 8978500780 4

1. What are the hills found in the map?

Prepeared by M.V.RAMANA REDDY :: Cell No- 8978500780 5

7. What is the highest peak in Western Ghats?

Prepeared by M.V.RAMANA REDDY :: Cell No- 8978500780 6

1. What does the picture represent?

Prepeared by M.V.RAMANA REDDY :: Cell No- 8978500780 7

A. It is the protest at Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant. The government wanted

Prepeared by M.V.RAMANA REDDY :: Cell No- 8978500780 8

Prepeared by M.V.RAMANA REDDY :: Cell No- 8978500780 9

1. How can you calculate Per Capita Income of country?

A. Literacy rate is the percentage of literate population in the 7 and above

1. How is the per capita income calculated?

Prepeared by M.V.RAMANA REDDY :: Cell No- 8978500780 11

3. What is life expectancy at birth?

1. What did you observe from the table?

2. Is there any progress in the recent years?

3. PRODUCTION aND EMPLOYEMNT

1. Read the news published in the newspaper and answer the

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4. What are the different sectors of the economy?

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3. Development of information and technology.

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1. What do the picture tells about?

1. Note book – wood pulp, gum, paper and water.

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8. Observe the pie chart and answer the questions.

1. What are the different sectors of the economy?

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1. Which of these sectors is providing more employment?

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12. Observe the following table and answer the questions.

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1. What is organized sector?

1. What is the latitudinal and longitudinal location of New Delhi?

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1. What is the latitudinal and longitudinal location of Leh?

1. What is the latitudinal and longitudinal location of Jaipur?

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1. What is the latitudinal and longitudinal location of Chennai?

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1. How many climatic zones are there? What are they?

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7. Observe the map and answer the questions.

1. When do the temperatures decrease in the India?

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8. What is the temperature in Chennai in the month of January?

1. What is the hot weather season or summer in India?

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9. Observe the map and answer the questions.

1. What is meant by monsoon?

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