The normal distribution is the most important and most widely used distribution in statistics.

It is sometimes
called the "bell curve," although the tonal qualities of such a bell would be less than pleasing. It is also called
the "Gaussian curve" after the mathematician Karl Friedrich Gauss. As you will see in the section on the
history of the normal distribution, although Gauss played an important role in its history, Abraham de Moivre
first discovered the normal distribution on.

Definition:

Normal distribution is a function that represents the distribution of many random variables as a symmetrical
bell-shaped graph.

Features

Here are some features of normal distributions which are stated below:

 Normal distributions are symmetric around their mean

 The mean, median, and mode of a normal distribution are equal.

 The area under the normal curve is equal to 1.01.0.

 Normal distributions are denser in the center and less dense in the tails.

 68%68% of the area of a normal distribution is within one standard deviation of the mean.

 Approximately 95%95% of the area of a normal distribution is within two standard deviations of the
mean.

Parameters:

The Normal distributions are defined by two parameters which stated below:

 the mean (μ)

 the standard deviation (σ).

Mean

The mean is used by researchers as a measure of central tendency. It can be used to describe the distribution
of variables measured as ratios or intervals. In a normal distribution graph, the mean defines the location of
the peak, and most of the data points are clustered around the mean. Any changes made to the value of the
mean move the curve either to the left or right along the X-axis.

Standard Deviation.

The standard deviation measures the dispersion of the data points relative to the mean. It determines how
far away from the mean the data points are positioned and represents the distance between the mean and
the observations.
On the graph, the standard deviation determines the width of the curve, and it tightens or expands the width
of the distribution along the x-axis. Typically, a small standard deviation relative to the mean produces a
steep curve, while a large standard deviation relative to the mean produces a flatter curve.

standard normal distribution;

The standard normal distribution is a special case of the normal distribution . It is the distribution that occurs
when a normal random variable has a mean of zero and a standard deviation of o

How to calculate a z-score?

To standardize a value from a normal distribution, convert the individual value into a z-score:

1. Subtract the mean from your individual value.

2. Divide the difference by the standard deviation.

Where,

1. X is a normal random variable

2. μ is the mean
3. σ is the standard deviation.

The student Scores in the entry test of engineering(ECAT) are roughly normally distributed with a mean of
527 and a standard deviation of 112. What is the probability of an individual scoring above 500 on the ECAT
test?

Given data:

µ = 527

σ = 112

formula
Solution:

500−527
P{X > 500} == P{Z > )
112

= P{Z > -0.24}

= 1 – 0.4052

= 0.5948