Normal Random Variables

and
Normal Curve
STATISTIC AND PROBABILITY
 Normal Random Variables

 oftenreferred to as a normally distributed random variable,

is a continuous random variable that follows A normal
distribution.
Normal Probability Distribution
 Is a Probability distribution of continuous random variables.
 Or Simply Normal Curve

 Many random variables are either normally distributed or, at least

approximately normally distributed.
Examples: Heights, weights and examination scores

 The normal distribution, also known as the Gaussian distribution, is

characterized by its bell-shaped curve when graphed.
 It is defined by two parameters: the mean (μ) and the standard deviation
(σ). The mean determines the center of the distribution, while the standard
deviation determines the spread or dispersion of the values around the
mean.
Example:
Properties of Normal
Probability Distribution
Summary

 Normal random variables are widely used in

statistics, probability theory, and various fields
of science and engineering to model phenomena
where the distribution of data follows a bell-
shaped curve, such as heights, weights, test
scores, and errors in measurements
Example : Illustrate a normal Curve and
find its probability
Answer Key
Quiz # 5
 The Empirical Rule

 also known as the 68 95 99.7% rule

 The name of the empirical rule comes from empirical research, which uses
observations and measurements of real-world outcomes rather than
theory
 The empirical rule takes these recorded outcomes and lets you use them to
make forecasts and calculate probabilities.
Example:

The Distribution of heights of young women aged 18-24

years old is approximately Normal with mean of 64 inches and
standard deviation of 2.5 inches. Find the distribution of the
proportions of young women within 1,2 and 3 standard deviation
from the mean.
Example 2
Quiz # 6
The Standard Normal Distribution

 The standard normal distribution, which is denoted

by Z, is also a normal distribution having a mean of
0 and a standard deviation of 1. Since the normal
distribution can have different values for its mean
and standard deviation, it can be standardized by
setting the µ = 0 and the = 1.