LISTENING

(A) He has been there for an hour

(B) He has left before an hour
1. (man)        : I saw your mother at the bakery this morning.
(C) He has waited for just some minutes.
(woman)   : Really? Did you say hello? My mother works
(D) He has been there for thirty minutes.
there.
(narrator) : Who is the woman’s mother likely to be?
5.    (man)        : I was looking for you at your house last
(A) A chef
night.
(B) A cook
(woman)   : I’m sorry. I went out for dinner with my
(C) A baker
parents last night.
(D) A salesperson
(narrator) : Where were the woman and her parents?
(A) At the cinema
2.    (woman)   : The President can’t attend the banquette.
(B) At a restaurant
(man)        : I already know. His spokesman told me.
(C) At home
(narrator) : What does the man mean?
(D) At a museum
(A) He gets the news about the President.
(B) He has been told by the spokesman.
6.    (woman)   : I’m so happy because the class is over.
(C) He calls the President’s spokesman.
(man)        : Me too.
(D) He finds the spokesman.
(narrator) : What does the man mean?
(A) He has something to do.
3.    (man)        : The letter for our client has not arrived yet.
(B) He’s also happy that the classes are finished.
Do you know why the delay is?
(C) He is in the classroom.
(woman)   : I’m so sorry. Actually, the courier has not
(D) He’s glad to talk about the classroom.
sent it yet.
(narrator) : Where does the dialog probably take place?
7.    (man)        : This is so ridiculous! You shouldn’t have
(A) in a restaurant
done that!
(B) in a bank
(woman)   : I know. We just want to give him a surprise
(C) in a post office
on his birthday!
(D) at the train station
(narrator) : Whose birthday is it?
(A) The man’s birthday
4.    (woman)   : How long have you been here?
(B) The woman’s birthday
(man)        : I’ve been here for half an hour.
(C) A friend’s birthday
(narrator) : What does the man mean?
(D) Their mother’s birthday
8.    (woman)   : Do you like photography?
(man)        : Yes, I do. But I’m not an expert.
(narrator) : What does the man mean?
(A) He exports some photos.
(B) He takes a photo.
(C) He is not very skilled.
(D) He is an expert.
9.    (man)        : I don’t understand anything about law.
(woman)   : Why don’t you see a lawyer to help you?
(narrator) : What is the woman’s suggestion?
(A) Asking for help from a lawyer
(B) Becoming a lawyer.
(C) Seeing the women’s lawyer.
(D) Finding a lawyer for the woman.
10. (woman)    : Do you need help?
(man)        : No, thanks. It’s not a big deal.
(narrator) : What does the man mean about the deal?
(A) It’s short.
(B) It’s simple.
(C) It’s nice.
(D) It’s important.
11. (man)         : I can’t hear the stereo.
(woman)   : You can turn it up.
(narrator) : What does the woman mean?
(A) The stereo is very loud.
(B) She does not want to hear the stereo.
(C) The stereo is loud enough.
(D) The man can increase the volume.
12. (woman)    : Good morning. I have a reservation for a
single room under the name Mrs. Jazz.
(man)        : Good morning, mam. Your room number is
324, and here is your key.
(narrator) : Where does the conversation probably take
place?
(A) In a bank
(B) In an airport
(C) In a store
(D) In a hotel
13. (man)         : This is a very nice place! Beautiful mountain
and green trees! I am glad to be here.
(woman)   : Same with me.
(narrator) : What does the woman mean?
(A) She feels the same as the man.
(B) She has a different feeling from the man.
(C) She is not happy being there.
(D) She doesn’t share with the man.
14. (woman)    : Where have you been?
(man)        : I’ve been in the book store. I have just
bought the newest chemistry book.
(narrator) : What does the man mean?
(A) He has the newest chemistry book by his own.
(B) He has just borrowed a chemistry book.
(C) He did not find the newest chemistry book in the book
store.
(D) He have looked for the chemistry book in the library.
15. (man)         : Have you told Diana about the meeting
cancellation?
(woman)   : I’m going to tell her later.
(narrator) : What does the woman mean?
(A) Diana has already known about it.
(B) Diana has just been told about it.
(C) The woman has not told Diana yet.
(D) The woman doesn’t know either.
16. (woman)    : I have to go home right now. Do you still
want a ride with me?
(man)        : I need to stay for fifteen minutes longer.
(narrator) : What does the man mean?
(A) He wants to ride with the woman.
(B) The man will drive the woman home.
(C) The woman may leave the man there.
(D) He is not going home alone.
17. (man)         : Do you have any plans for the weekend? I’m
going to my grandma’s house.
(woman)   : No, I don’t. I’m not going anywhere.
(narrator) : What does the woman mean?
(A) She is going somewhere.
(B) She wants to go with the man.
(C) She will stay at home.
(D) She is visiting her hometown.
18. (woman)   : Do you think that this sandwich needs some
ingredients?
(man)        : No, it’s so good already.
(narrator) : What does the man mean?
(A) The sandwich is so bland.
(B) He has a sandwich for lunch.
(C) The sandwich needs some more ingredients.
(D) The sandwich is delicious.
19. (man)         : It’s 2 pm already. When will the course
begin?
(woman)   : It will begin at 6 pm.
(narrator) : What does the woman mean?
(A) She doesn’t want to go to class.
(B) The course starts in the evening.
(C) She takes the course with the man.
(D) The course is canceled.
20. (woman) : It’s a sunny day. Let’s go outside together.
(man) : OK. Let’s go.
(narrator) : What does the man mean?
(A) He wants to enjoy the sunny day.
(B) He wants to stay at home.
(C) He wants to go with his son together.
(D) The woman can go alone.
21. (man)         : You look so upset. Are there any problems
with your flight ticket?
(woman)   : No, there isn’t. I just don’t feel well today.
(narrator) : What does the woman mean?
(A) She will buy the ticket today.
(B) She has some problem with her flight ticket.
(C) She is not very healthy.
(D) She does not feel that her flight is well-prepared.
22. (woman)    : I heard your baby cried last night.
(man)        : He couldn’t sleep.
 (narrator) : What does the man mean?
(A) His baby slept.
(B) His baby was playing in bed.
(C) His baby doesn’t like to sleep.
(D) His baby was awake.
23. (woman)    : The weather makes me uncomfortable.
(man)        : You can say that again.
(narrator) : What does the man mean?
(A) He shares the woman’s opinion.
(B) He doesn’t believe the woman.
(C) He disagrees with the woman.
(D) He has his own opinion about the weather.
24. (man)         : Do you know where Jimmy is?
(woman)   : I think he is consulting his thesis to the
professor.
(narrator) : What does the woman mean?
(A) Jimmy’s father is a professor.
(B) Jimmy wants to be a professor.
(C) Jimmy is discussing his thesis.
(D) jimmy is typing his thesis.
25. (woman)    : What are you doing?
(man)        : My previous test score was not very good.
Now I’m studying harder for the next test tomorrow.
(narrator) : What does the man mean?
(A) He’s not sure about the exam.
(B) He received a passing grade.
(C) He does not satisfy with his previous test score.
(D) His test score is very good.
26. (man)         : This essay has still many mistakes.
(woman)   : Why don’t you discuss with your friend to
minimize the mistakes?
(narrator) : What does the woman suggest?
(A) Re-writing the essay
(B) Throwing the essay
(C) Deleting the mistakes
(D) Consulting the essay
27. (woman)    : I’m so thirsty.
(man)        : Let’s go to my kitchen. I have some orange
juice there.
(narrator) : What does the man mean?
(A) He wants to offer her orange juice.
(B) He asks for a glass of orange juice.
(C) He peels oranges in his kitchen.
(D) He has just picked some oranges.
28. (man)         : Ma’am, is it our math test today?
(woman)   : I’m sorry. We don’t have enough time. We
have to postpone it until next time.
(narrator) : What does the woman mean?
(A) The math test will still be held that day.
(B) It is impossible to have the test today.
(C) The test is still going on.
(D) The test has just been handed out.
29. (woman)    : Excuse me. May I help you, Sir?
(man)        : No, I’m just browsing.
(narrator) : Where does the conversation probably take
place?
 B. Sign up for the economics seminar.
(A) In a fast-food restaurant
(B) In a grocery store C. Do research on banks in Asia.

(C) In a harbor D. Type the man's term paper.

(D) In an internet center 35. A. The life of a well-known Canadian architect.

B. The architectural design of a new museum.

30. (man)         : I don’t like the taste of the drink.
C. The variety of museums in Washington, D.C.
(woman)   : Really? I’ll get another drink for you.
(narrator) : What does the woman mean? D. The changing function of the modern museum.

(A) He should finish the drink 36. A. Both were designed by the same architect.
(B) The drink is good.
B. Both are located in Washington, D.C.
(C) She wants the man to buy her a drink
C. Both feature similar exhibits.
(D) She will buy him another drink
D. Both were built around a central square.
31. A. She will be able to join the economics seminar.
37. A. A classical temple.
B. She has a new printer for her computer.
B. A well-known museum.
C. She finished paying back her loan.
C. A modern office building.
D. She got an A on her term paper.
D. A natural landscape.

38. A. Traditional views on the purpose of a museum.

B. Traditional values of Native Americans.

32. A. The importance of paying back loans promptly.
C. Traditional notions of respect for elected leaders.
B. A way to help people improve their economic
D. Traditional forms of classical architecture.
conditions.
39. A. They are examples of the usual sequence of
C. Using computers to increase business efficiency.
observation and explanation.
D. The expansion of international business.
B. They provide evidence of inaccurate scientific
33. A. It is the topic of his term paper. observation.

B. He would like to find a job there. C. Their discovery was similar to that of the neutrino.

C. His economics professor did research work there. D. They were subjects of 1995 experiments at Los
Alamos.
D. Microcredit programs have been very successful
there. 40. A. Its mass had previously been measured.

34. A. Cancel her credit card.

B. Its existence had been reported by Los Alamos 46. A. M
National Laboratory.
B. %
C. Scientists were looking for a particle with no mass.
C. K
D. Scientists were unable to balance equations of
energy without it. D. ->

41. A. That it carries a large amount of energy. 47. A. How they swim long distances.

B. That it is a type of electron. B. How they got their name.

C. That it is smaller in size than previously thought. C. How they hunt.

D. That it has a tiny amount of mass. D. How they solve problems.

42. A. The clearing of New England forests. 48. A. By changing its appearance.

B. The role of New England trees in British
shipbuilding (pembuatan kapal)
C. The development of the shipbuilding industry in New
England.
D. The role of the British surveyor general in colonizing
New England.
B. By imitating signals that the other spiders send.
C. By spinning a large web.
D. By imitating insects caught in a web.
49. A. Avoid attacks by other spiders.
B. Cross some water.

43. A. Law. C. Jump to the edge of the tray.

B. Mathematics. D. Spin a long thread.

C. History. 50. A. It would keep trying to reach the rock the same
way.
D. Engineering.
B. It would try to reach the rock a different way.
44. A. Sugar maple.
C. The scientists would move the spider to the rock.
B. Oak.
D. The scientists would place another spider in the tray.
C. White pine.

D. Birch. (sejenis pohon)

45. A. Its width. (lebar) READING

B. Its height. PARAGRAF 1

C. Its straightness. As viewed from space. Earth's distinguishing

characteristicsare its blue waters and
D. Its location. white clouds. Enveloped by an ocean of air consisting of
78%nitrogen and 21% oxygen, the
planet is the only one in our solar system known to (B) Most meteors fell into the ocean and not on land.
harbor life.Circling the Sun at an average (C) Earth's magnetic field repeled most meteors.
distance of 149 million km (93 million miles). Earth is (D) Earth's natural geologic activity has eliminated
the thirdplanet from the Sun and the most traces.
fifth largest planet in the solar system.
Its rapid spin and molten nickel-iron core give rise to
anextensive magnetic field 6. The main idea of this passage is that
which, coupled with the atmosphere, shields us from (A) there are life-supporting characteristics on Earth.
nearly all ofthe harmful radiation (B) Earth is predominantly water.
coming from the Sun and other stars. Most meteors burn (C) Earth has no common characteristics with other
up in theEarth's atmosphere before planets.
they can strike the surface. The planet's active (D) Earth is the only planet with a moon.
geologicalprocesses have left no evidence of
the ancient pelting it almost certainly received soon after
itwas formed. 7. The word "distinguishing" as it is used in thisselection
The Earth has a single natural satellite—the Moon. means
(A) elevating in nature.
1. Approximately how much of the Earth's atmosphere (B) devastating in nature.
isnitrogen? (C) characteristics like all other planets.
(A) One-fourth (D) characteristics that set it apart from other planets.
(B) One-half
(C) Three-fourths
(D) All of it 8. It's probable that the next paragraph would discuss
(A) people on planets.
(B) the solar system as a whole.
2. Which of the following helps to create Earth's (C) the Earth's natural satellite—the Moon.
magnetic fields? (D) rings around Saturn.
(A) Its blue waters
(B) Its nitrogen atmosphere
(C) Its molten metal core 9. As used in this selection, the word "harbor" is
(D) The Moon synonymous with
(A) support
3. What two factors help protect the Earth from (B) surround
radiation? (C) water
(A) Magnetic field and atmosphere (D) include
(B) Rapid spin and molten iron-nickel core
(C) The Sun and the Moon 10. This selection leads one to believe that
(D) Blue waters and white clouds (A) Earth never gets hit by meteors.
(B) Earth always gets hit by meteors.
(C) Earth was hit by meteors in some past time
4. In line 2, "consisting" most nearly means period.
(A) hardening. (D) Earth may be bombarded by meteors in the near
(B) containing. future.
(C) withholding.
(D) shortening PARAGRAF 2

1. The city of Teotihuacán, which

5. Why does the Earth show almost no signs of having lay about 50 kilometers northeast of modern-day Mexico
been hit by numerous meteors in the past? City, began its growth by 200 –100 B.C. At its height,
(A) Humans have built over most of the craters. between about A.D. 150 and 700, it probably had a
 population of more than 125,000 people and covered at
least 20 square kilometers. It had over 2,000 apartment
complexes, a great market, a large number of industrial
workshops, an administrative center, a number of
massive religious edifices, and a regular grid pattern of
streets and buildings. Clearly, much planning and central
control were involved in the expansion and ordering of
this great metropolis. Moreover, the city had economic
and perhaps religious contacts with most parts of
Mesoamerica (modern Central America and Mexico).
2. How did this tremendous
development take place, and why did it happen in the
Teotihuacán Valley? Among the main factors are
Teotihuacán's geographic location on a natural trade
route to the south and east of the Valley of Mexico, the
obsidian1 resources in the Teotihuacán Valley itself, and
the valley's potential for extensive irrigation. The exact
role of other factors is much more difficult to pinpoint —
for instance, Teotihuacán's religious significance as a
shrine, the historical situation in and around the Valley of
Mexico toward the end of the first millennium B.C.,
the ingenuity and foresightedness of Teotihuacán's elite,
and, finally, the impact of natural disasters, such as the
volcanic eruptions of the late first millennium B.C.
3. This last factor is at least
circumstantially implicated in Teotihuacán's rise. Prior to
200 B.C., a number of relatively small centers coexisted
in and near the Valley of Mexico. Around this time, the
largest of these centers, Cuicuilco, was seriously affected
by a volcanic eruption, with much of its agricultural land
covered by lava. With Cuicuilco eliminated as a potential
rival, any one of a number of relatively modest towns
might have emerged as a leading economic and political
power in Central Mexico. The archaeological evidence
clearly indicates, though, that Teotihuacán was the center
that did arise as the predominant force in the area by the
first century A.D.
4. It seems likely that Teotihuacán's
natural resources—along with the city elite's ability to
recognize their potential — gave the city a competitive
edge over its neighbors. The valley, like many other
places in Mexican and Guatemalan highlands, was rich in
obsidian. The hard volcanic stone was a resource that had
been in great demand for many years, at least since the
rise of the Olmecs (a people who flourished between
1200 and 400 B.C.), and it apparently had a secure
market. Moreover, recent research on obsidian tools
found at Olmec sites has shown that some of the obsidian
obtained by the Olmecs originated near Teotihuacán.
Teotihuacán obsidian must have been recognized as a
valuable commodity for many centuries before the great
city arose.
5. Long-distance trade in obsidian
probably gave the elite residents of Teotihuacán access to
a wide variety of exotic goods, as well as a relatively
prosperous life. Such success may have attracted
immigrants to Teotihuacán. In addition, Teotihuacán's
elite may have consciously attempted to attract new
inhabitants. It is also probable that as early as 200 B.C.
Teotihuacán may have achieved some religious
significance and its shrine (or shrines) may have served
as an additional population magnet. Finally, the growing
population was probably fed by increasing the number
and size of irrigated fields.
6. The picture of Teotihuacán that
emerges is a classic picture of positive feedback among
obsidian mining and working, trade, population growth,
irrigation, and religious tourism. The thriving obsidian
operation, for example, would necessitate more miners,
additional manufacturers of obsidian tools, and additional
traders to carry the goods to new markets. All this led to
increased wealth, which in turn would attract more
immigrants to Teotihuacán. The growing power of the
elite, who controlled the economy, would give them the
means to physically coerce people to move to
Teotihuacán and serve as additions to the labor force.
More irrigation works would have to be built to feed the
growing population, and this resulted in more power and
wealth for the elite.
11. In paragraph 1, each of the following is mentioned as
a feature of the city of Teotihuacán between A.D. 150
and 700 EXCEPT:
A. regularly arranged streets
B. several administrative centers spread across the
city
C. many manufacturing workshops
D. apartment complexes
12. The word "ingenuity" in paragraph 2 is closest in
meaning to:
A.ambition
B.sincerity
C.faith
D.Cleverness
13. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in
paragraph 2 as a main factor in the development of
Teotihuacán?
A.The presence of obsidian in the Teotihuacán Valley
B.The potential for extensive irrigation of Teotihuacán
Valley lands
C.A long period of volcanic inactivity in the
Teotihuacán Valley
D.Teotihuacán's location on a natural trade route
14. What can be inferred from paragraph 3 about
Cuicuilco prior to 200 B.C.?
A.It was a fairly small city until that date.
B.It was located outside the Valley of Mexico.
C.It emerged rapidly as an economical and political
center.
D. Its economy relied heavily on agriculture.
15. Which of the following allowed Teotihuacán to have
"a competitive edge over its neighbors"?
A. Well-exploited and readily available commodity
B.The presence of a highly stable elite class
C.Knowledge derived directly from the Olmecs about the
art of toolmaking
D.Scarce natural resources in nearby areas such as those
located in what are now the Guatemalan and Mexican
highlands
16. According to paragraph 4, what has recent research
on obsidian tools found at Olmecsites shown?
A.Obsidian's value was understood only when
Teotihuacán became an important city.
B.The residents of Teotihuacán were sophisticated
toolmakers.
C.The residents of Teotihuacán traded obsidian with the
Olmecs as early as 400 B.C.
D.Some of the obsidian used by the Olmecs came
from the area around Teotihuacán.
17. Select the TWO answer choices that are mentioned in
paragraph 5 as being features of Teotihuacán that may
have attracted immigrants to the city. To receive credit,
you must select TWO answers.
A.The prosperity of the elite
B.Plenty of available housing
C.Opportunities for well-paid agricultural employment
D.The presence of one or more religious shrines
18. In paragraph 6, the author discusses "The thriving
obsidian operation," in order to:
A.explain why manufacturing was the main industry of
Teotihuacán
B.give an example of an industry that took very little
time to develop in Teotihuacán
C.illustrate how several factors influenced each other
to make Teotihuacán a powerful and wealthy city
D.explain how a successful industry can be a source of
wealth and a source of conflict at the same time
PARAGRAF 3
Awarded the Nobel prize for physics in 1918, German
physics Max Planck is best remembered as the originator
of the quantum theory. His work helped user in a new era
in theoretical physics and revolutionized the scientific
community’s understanding of atomic and sub-atomic
processes.
Planck intriduced an idea that led to the quantum theory,
which became the foundation of twentieth century
physics. In December 1900, Plnck worked out an
equation that described the distribution of radiation
accurately over the range of low to high frequencies. He
had developed a theory which depended on a model of
matter that seemed very strange at the time. The model
required the emission of electromagnetic radiation in
small chunks or particles. These particles were later
called quantums. The energy associated with each
quatum is measured by multiplying the frequency of the
radiation, v, by a universal constant, h. Thus, energy, or
E, equals hv. The constant, h, is known as Planck’s
constant. It is now recognized as one of the fundamental twentieth century physics, is basically a mathematical
constant of the world. formula
Planck announced his finding in 1900, but it was years c) Planck’s constant was not discernible before 1900
before teh full consequences of his revolutionary d) Radiation was hard to study
quantum theory were recognized. Throughout his life,
Planck made significant contributions to optics, 25. “An idea” as used in line 4, refers to…
thermodynamics and stastistical mechanics, physical a) A model of matter
chemistry, and other fields. In 1930, He was elected b) Emission of electromagnetic radiation
president of the Kaiser Wilhelm society, which was c) Quantums
renamed the Max II. Though deeply opposed to the d) The equation that described the distribution of
fascist regime of Adolf Hitler, Planck remained in radiation accurately over the range of low to high
Germany throughout teh war. He died in Gottingen on frequencies
October 4, 1947.
26. The word “emission” as used in line 8 means…
19. In which of the following fields did Max Planck NOT a) Giving off
make a significant contribution? b) Holding on to
a) Optics c) Throwing away
b) Thermodynamics d) Taking back
c) Stastistical mechanics
d) Biology 27. Planck’s constant, expressed in a mathematical
formula, is…
20. The word “revolutionary” as used in line 13, means… a) e = v/h
a) Dangerous b) E = h/v
b) Extremist c) e = h-v
c) Momentous d) E = hv
d) Militarist
28. What is known as Planck’s constant?
21. It can inferred from the passage that Planck’s work a) v
led to the development of which of the following? b) h
a) The rocket c) e
b) The atomic bomb d) E
c) The internal combustion engine
d) The computer PARAGRAF 4

22. The particles of electromagnetic radiation given off Martin Luther King, Jr., is well known for his work in
by matter are known as… civil rights and for his many famous speeches, among
a) Quantums them is his moving "I Have A Dream" speech. But fewer
b) Atoms people know much about King's childhood. M.L., as he
c) Electrons was called, was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia, at 5 the
d) Valences home of his maternal grandfather. M.L.'s grandfather, the
ReverendA.D. Williams, purchased their home on
23. The word “universal”, as used in line 10 most nearly Auburn Avenue in 1909, twenty years before M.L. was
means… born. The Reverend Williams, an eloquent speaker,
a) Planetary played an important role in the community since so many
b) Cosmic people's lives centered around the church. He allowed his
c) Worldwide church and his home 10 to be used as a meeting place for
d) Always present a number of organizations dedicated to the education and
social advancement of blacks. M.L. grew up in this
24. The implication in this passage is that… atmosphere, with his home being used as a community
a) Only a German physics could discover such a theory gathering place, and was no doubt influenced by it.
b) Quantum theory, which led to the development of 15 M.L.'s childhood was not especially eventful. His
father was a minister and his mother was a musician. He
was the second of three children, and he attended all-
black schools in a black neighborhood. The
neighborhood was not poor, however. Auburn Avenue
was the main artery through a prosperous neighborhood
that had come to symbolize achievement 20 for Atlanta's
black people. It was an area of banks, insurance
companies, builders, jewelers, tailors, doctors, lawyers,
and other black-owner black-operated businesses and
services. Even in the face of Atlanta's segregation, the
district thrived. Dr. King never forgot the community
spirit he had known as a child, nor did he forget the racial
prejudice 25 that was a seemingly insurmountable barrier
that kept black Atlantans from mingling with whites.
PARAGRAF 5 different regions linked through genetic and cultural
exchange.
There are two main hypotheses when it comes to
Of these two models, Out of Africa, which was
explaining the emergence of modern humans. The ‘Out
originally developed based on fossil evidence, and
of Africa’ theory holds that homo sapiens burst onto the
supported by much genetic research, has been favored by
scene as a new species around 150,000 to 200,000 years
the majority of evolution scholars. The vast majority
ago in Africa and subsequently replaced archaic humans
of  these genetic studies have focused on DNA from
such as the Neandertals. The other model, known as
living populations, and although some small progress has
multi-regional evolution or regional continuity, posits far
been made in recovering DNA from Neandertal that
more ancient and diverse roots for our kind. Proponents
appears to support multi-regionalism, the chance of
of this view believe that homo sapiens arose in Africa
recovering nuclear DNA from early human fossils is
some 2 million years ago and evolved as a single species
quite slim at present. Fossils thus remain very much a
spread across the Old World, with populations in
part of the human origins debate.
 Another means of gathering theoretical evidence (d) historians
is through bones. Examinations of early modern human
skulls from Central Europe and Australia dated to 44. All of the following are true except
between 20,000 and 30,000 years old have suggested that (a) three methods of gathering evidence are mentioned in
both groups apparently exhibit traits seen in their Middle the passage
Eastern and African predecessors. But the early modern (b) the multi-regional model goes back further in history.
specimens from Central Europe also display Neandertal (c) the Out of Africa model has had more support from
traits, and the early modern Australians showed affinities scholars
to archaic Homo from Indonesia. Meanwhile, the debate (d) DNA studies offer one of the best ways in future to
among paleoanthropologists continues, as supporters of provide clear evidence.
the two hypotheses challenge the evidence and
conclusions of each other. 45. The word “slim” in line 14 is closest in meaning to
41. The passage primarily discusses which of the (a) small
following (b) narrow
(a) Evidence that supports the “Out of Africa” theory (c) thin
(b) Two hypotheses and some evidence on the human (d) difficult
origins debate
(c) The difficulties in obtaining agreement among 46. Which of the following is not true
theorists on the human origins debate (a) the vast majority of genetic studies have focused on
(d) That fossils remain very much a part of the human living populations
origins debate (b) early modern human skulls all support the same
conclusions
42. The word “emergence” in line 1 is closest in meaning (c) both hypotheses focus on Africa as a location for the
to new species.
(a) complexity (d) early modern Australian skulls have similarities to
(b) development those from Indonesia.
(c) appearance
(d) decline 47. In line 18, the word “their ” refers to which of the
following
43. The word “proponents” in line 6 is closet in meaning (a) Middle Easterners and Africans
to (b) skulls
(a) experts (c) central Europeans and Australians
(b) advocates (d) traits 
(c) inspectors
48. Which of the following is NOT true about the two
hypotheses
(a) Both hypotheses regard Neandertals to be the
predecessors of modern humans
(b) Genetic studies have supported both hypotheses
(c) Both hypotheses cite Africa as an originating location.
(d) One hypothesis dates the emergence of  homo
sapiens much earlier than the other.
49. It can be inferred from the passage that
(a) there is likely to be an end to the debate in the near
future
(b) the debate will interest historians to take part in
(c) the debate is likely to be less important in future
(d) there is little likelihood that the debate will die
down
50. According to the passage, the multi-regional
evolution model posits far more diverse roots for our
kind because
(a) Evidence from examinations of early modern human
skulls has come from a number of different parts of the
world.
(b) DNA from Neandertal appears to support multi-
regionalism
(c) Populations in different regions were linked
through genetic and cultural exchange
(d) This has been supported by fossil evidence
PARAGRAF 6
The languages spoken by early Europeans are
still shrouded in mystery. There is no linguistic
continuity between the languages of Old Europe (a term
sometimes used for Europe between 7000 and 3000 B.C.)
and the languages of the modem world, and we cannot
yet translate the Old European script, Scholars have
deciphered other ancient languages, such as Sumerian,
Akkadian, and Babylonian, which used the cuneiform
script, because of the fortuitous discovery of bilingual
inscriptions, When cuneiform tablets were first
discovered in the eighteenth century, scholars could not
decipher them. Then inscriptions found in baa at the end
of the eighteenth century provided a link: these
inscriptions were written in cuneiform and in two other
ancient languages, Old Persian and New Elamite--
languages that had already been deciphered. It took
several decades, but scholars eventually translated the
ancient cuneiform script via the more familiar Old
Persian language.
Similarly, the hieroglyphic writing of the
Egyptians remained a mystery until French troops
unearthed the famous Rosetta stone in the late eighteenth
century. The stone carried the same message written in
ancient Greek, Egyptian hieroglyphs, and Egyptian
hieratic, a simplified form of hieroglyphs. The Rosetta
stone thwarted scholars' efforts for several decades until
the early nineteenth century when several key
hieroglyphic phrases were decoded using the Greek
inscriptions. Unfortunately, we have no Old European
Rosetta stone to chart correspondences between Old
European script and the languages that replaced it.
Tim incursions of Indo-European tribes into Old
Europe from the late fifth to the early third millennia
B.C. caused a linguistic and cultural discontinuity. These
incursions disrupted the Old European sedentary farming
lifestyle that had existed for 3,000 years As the Indo-
Europeans encroached on Old Europe from the east, the
continent underwent upheavals. These severely affected
the Balkans, where the Old European cultures abundantly
employed script. The Old European way of life (B) sudden
deteriorated rapidly, although pockets of Old European (C) early
culture remained for several millennia, ~ new peoples (D) lucky
spoke completely different languages belonging to the
Indo-European linguistic family. The Old European 56. The word "them" in line 6 refers to
language or languages, and the script used to write them, (A) Sumerian, Akkadian, and Babylonian
declined and eventually vanished. (B) bilingual inscriptions
(C) cuneiform tablets
52. What does the passage mainly discuss? (D) scholars
(A) Reasons for the failure to understand the written
records of Old European culture 57. When does the passage suggest that ancient Egyptian
(B) Influences on the development of Old European hieroglypttic script was finally deciphered?
script (A) At around the same time as cuneiform script was
(C) Similarities between Old European script and other deciphered
ancient writing systems (B) Shortly before the Rosetta stone was unearthed
(D) Events leading to the discovery of Old European (C) As soon as additional bilingual inscriptions became
script available to scholars
(D) A few decades after the hieratic script was decoded
53. According to the passage, New Elamite is
(A) a language that was written in the cuneiform script 58. According to the passage, which of the following is
(B) a modem language that came from Old Persian true of the Rosetta stone?
(C) one of the languages spoken by the Old Europeans (A) It was found by scholars trying to decode ancient
(D) a language that was understood by the late languages.
eighteenth century (B) It contains two versions of hieroglyphic script.
(C) Several of its inscriptions were decoded within a few
54. According to the passage, scholars were able to months of its discovery.
decipher cuneiform script with the help of (D) Most of its inscriptions have still not been decoded.
(A) the Sumerian, Akkadian, and Babylonian languages
(B) Old Persian 59. The word "thwarted" in line 14 is closest in meaning
(C) tablets written in Old European to
(D) a language spoken in eighteenth century Iran (A) continued
(B) influenced
55. The word “fortuitous” in line 5 is closet in meaning to (C) encouraged
(A) important (D) frustrated

60. According to the passage, Indo-European incursions
caused Old European populations to
(A) separate into different tribes
(B) move eastward
(C) change their ways of living obtaining food
(D) start recording historical events in Writing
61. The author mentions the Balkans in the passage in
order to explain why
(A) Indo-European languages were slow to spread in Old
Europe
(B) the inhabitants of Old Europe were not able to
prevent Indo-European incursions
(C) the use of the Old European script declined
(D) the Old European culture survived for a time after the
Indo-European incursions
PARAGRAF 7
Most people can remember a phone number for
up to thirty seconds. When this short amount of
time elapses, however, the numbers are erased from the
memory. How did the information get there in the first
place? Information that makes its way to the short term
memory (STM) does so via the sensory storage area. The
brain has a filter which only allows stimuli that is of
immediate interest to pass on to the STM, also known as
the working memory.
There is much debate about the capacity and
duration of the short term memory. The most accepted
theory comes from George A. Miller, a cognitive
psychologist who suggested that humans can remember
approximately seven chunks of information. A chunk is
defined as a meaningful unit of information, such as a
word or name rather than just a letter or number. Modern
theorists suggest that one can increase the capacity of the
short term memory by chunking, or classifying similar
information together. By organizing information, one can
optimize the STM, and improve the chances of a memory
being passed on to long term storage.
When making a conscious effort to memorize
something, such as information for an exam, many
people engage in "rote rehearsal". By repeating
something over and over again, one is able to keep a
memory alive. Unfortunately, this type of memory
maintenance only succeeds if there are no interruptions.
As soon as a person stops rehearsing the information, it
has the tendency to disappear. When a pen and paper are
not handy, people often attempt to remember a phone
number by repeating it aloud. If the doorbell rings or the
dog barks to come in before a person has the opportunity
to make a phone call, he will likely forget the number
instantly.* Therefore, rote rehearsal is not an efficient
way to pass information from the short term to long term
memory.* A better way is to practice
"elaborate rehearsal".* This involves assigning semantic
meaning to a piece of information so that it can be filed
along with other pre-existing long term memories.*
Encoding information semantically also
makes it more retrievable. Retrieving information can be
done by recognition or recall. Humans can easily recall
memories that are stored in the long term memory and
used often; however, if a memory seems to be forgotten,
it may eventually be retrieved by prompting. The
more cues a person is given (such as pictures), the more
likely a memory can be retrieved. This is why multiple
choice tests are often used for subjects that require a lot
of memorization.
Glossary:
semantic: relating to the meaning of something
Reading Comprehension questions:
1. According to the passage, how do memories get
transferred to the STM?
A) They revert from the long term memory.
B) They are filtered from the sensory storage area.
C) They get chunked when they enter the brain.
D) They enter via the nervous system.
Explanation:
 Choice A is the opposite of what happens.
 Choice C is what a person should try to do when
memorizing something.
 Choice D is not mentioned.
The correct answer is B. This is a factual question.
2. The word elapses in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning For example, a reader engages in elaborate rehearsal
to: when he brings prior knowledge of a subject to a text.

A) passes The correct answer is fourth * This is an insert

B) adds up text question.
C) appears
D) continues 6. How do theorists believe a person can remember more
information in a short time?
The correct answer is A.This is a vocabulary question.
A) By organizing it
3. All of the following are mentioned as places in which B) By repeating it
memories are stored EXCEPT the: C) By giving it a name
D) By drawing it
A) STM
B) long term memory Explanation:
C) sensory storage area
D) maintenance area  Choice B is what regular people think is true.
 Choice C is not mentioned.
Explanation:
 Choice D is a type of cue for retrieval.
 Choice A is mentioned in the first paragraph.
The correct answer is A. This is a factual question.
 Choice B is mentioned in the second paragraph.
 Choice C is mentioned in the first paragraph. 7. The author believes that rote rotation is:

The correct answer is D. This is a negative A) the best way to remember something
factual question. B) more efficient than chunking
C) ineffective in the long run
4. Why does the author mention a dog's bark? D) an unnecessary interruption

A) To give an example of a type of memory Explanation:

B) To provide a type of interruption
C) To prove that dogs have better memories than humans  Choice A is contradicted by "not an efficient
D) To compare another sound that is loud like a doorbell way".
 Choice B is incorrect because these two terms are
Explanation: not compared.
 Choice A is incorrect because it is not the  Choice D is illogical.
"reason" the author mentions it.
The correct answer is C. This is a factual question.
 Choice C is not mentioned.
 Choice D distracts you because both are 8. The word it in the last paragraph refers to:A) encoding
mentioned as examples. B) STM
C) semantics
The correct answer is B. This is an author D) information
purpose question.
The correct answer is D. This is a reference question.
5. Look at the four stars that indicate where this sentence
can be added to the passage. Where would the sentence 9. The word elaborate in paragraph 3 is closest in
fit best? meaning to:
A) complex
B) efficient
C) pretty
D) regular
The correct answer is A. This is a vocabulary question.
10. Which of the following is NOT supported by the
passage?
A) The working memory is the same as the short term
memory.
B) A memory is kept alive through constant repetition.
C) Cues help people to recognize information.
D) Multiple choice exams are the most difficult.
Explanation:
 Choice A is mentioned in paragraph one.
 Choice B is mentioned in paragraph three
(though an interruption will destroy it).
 Choice C is mentioned in the last paragraph.
The correct answer is D. This is a negative
factual question.
11. The word cues in the passage is closest in meaning to
A) questions
B) clues
C) images
D) tests
The correct answer is B. This is a vocabulary question.
12. Which of the following best provides the important
information in the underlined sentence from the passage.
Incorrect answer choices leave out essential information
or change its meaning.
A) Prompting is the easiest way to retrieve short term
memory after an extended period of time.
B) A memory can be retrieved by prompting, in a case
where it has been rarely used.
C) It's easier to remember short term memories than long
term memories due to regular prompts.
D) Recalling a long term memory that is often used is
easy, while forgotten memories often require prompting.
Explanation:
 Choice A changes the meaning of the
information.
 Choice B leaves out essential information about
the long term memories that are used often.
 Choice C changes the meaning of the
information.
The correct answer is D. This is a sentence
simplification question.
13. An introductory sentence for a summary of the
passage is found below. Complete the summary by
choosing the THREE answer choices that contain the
most imporant ideas in the passage. Some sentences do
not fit in the summary because they provide ideas that are
not mentioned in the passage or are only minor ideas
from the passage. This question is worth 2 points.
The brain stores information that a person may need in
the immediate future in a place called the short term
memory (STM).
1. Most people can only remember numbers for a short
time.
2. Many psychologists agree that only a certain amount
of information can be stored in the STM at once.
3. Some techniques for memorization don't work because
of potential interruptions.
4) Elaborate rehearsal is generally considered less
effective than rote rehearsal.
5) Assigning meaning to information makes it easier for
the brain to retrieve.
PARAGRAF 8
  Jawaban: How to make detergent are mode

 Jawaban: The chemical processes that are involved

 Jawaban: Difficult

 Jawaban: Support

 Jawaban: Help it remove dirt

PARAGRAF 9

The first two decades of this century were

dominated by the microbe hunters. These hunters had
tracked down one after another of the microbes
responsible for the most dreaded scourges of many
centuries ; tuberculosis, cholera, diphtheria. But there               (A) The microbe hunters
remained some terrible diseases for which no microbe
              (B) The potential of genetic engineering
could be incriminated : scurvy, pellagra, rickets, beriberi.
Then it was discovered that these diseases were caused               (C) The progress of modern medical research 
by the lack of vitamins, a trace substance in the diet. The
              (D) The discovery of enzymes
diseases could be prevented or cured by consuming foods
that contained the vitamins. And so in the decades of the
1920's and 1930's, nutrition became a science and the
2. The word “which” in line 4 refer to ?
vitamin hunters replaced the microbe hunters.
              (A) Disease
In the 1940's and 1950's, biochemists strived to               (B) Microbe
learn why each of the vitamins was essential for health.
They discovered that key enzymes in metabolism depend               (C) Cholera
on one or another of the vitamins as coenzymes to               (D) Diptheria
perform the chemistry that provides cells with energy for
growth and function. Now, these enzymes hunters
occupied center stage.

You are aware that the enzyme hunters have been

replaced by a new breed of hunters who are tracking
genes ― the blueprints for each of the enzymes ― and
are discovering the defective genes that cause inherited
diseases ― diabetes, cystic fibrosis. These gene hunters,
or genetic engineers, use recombinant DNA technology
to identify and clone genes and introduce them into
bacterial cells and plants to create factories for the Jawaban: B. Blamed
massive of hormones and vaccines for medicine and for
better crops for agriculture.Biotechnology has become a
multibillion-dollar industry. In view of the inexorable
progress in science, we can expect that the gene hunters
will be replaced in the spotlight. When and by whom?
Which kind of hunter will dominate the scene in the last             29. The author implies that the most important
decade of our waning century and in the early decades of medical research topic of the
the next ?
                future will be
I wonder whether the hunters who will occupy               (A) the functions of the brain
the spotlight will be neurobiologists who apply the
techniques of the enzyme and gene hunters to the               (B) inherited diseases
functions of the brain. What to call them? The head               (C) the operation of vitamins
hunters. I will return to them later.
              (D) the structure of genes
1. What is the main topic of the passage?
 

 Jawaban: A.
PARAGRAF 10

SOAL STRUCTURE (D) inject a strong solution of pure glucose

1. To relieve pressure in the skull, __________ into 2. Vasco Nunez de Balboa ...the Pacific Ocean in
the blood. 1513.       
(A) you will inject a strong solution of pure a. discovered
glucose b. was discovered
(B) to inject a strong solution of pure glucose c. discover
(C) a strong solution of glucose will inject purely d. had discover
 9. . . . , guns had been made by skilled gunsmiths,
3. If we  . . .  salt, the soup would have been tastier. one at a time.       ⇢       ANSWERS:
⇢       ANSWERS: a. in 1798, Eli Whitney came up with a new
a. had added idea
b. add b. In 1798, when Eli Whitney came up with a
c. don’t add new idea
d. could ad c. Until 1798, when Eli Whitney came up with
a new idea
4. My cousin lives  . . .  a farm. d. Since 1798 Eli Whitney had been working
⇢       ANSWERS: on a new idea
a. within
b. in 10. We usually expect that  . . .  bring bad news.
c. on ⇢       ANSWERS:
d. at a. Telegram
b. a telegram
5. For a variety of reasons, many American young c. the telegrams
adults are returning home or are not leaving d. telegrams
home at all,  . . . .       ⇢       ANSWERS:
a. which makes families react in different ways 11. Not only did many people volunteer to bring
to this food for the picnic,  . . . .       ⇢       ANSWERS:
b. which has made families to react in different a. but also drinks and games
ways b. many people did not offer to bring drinks
c. to which makes families react in different and games
ways c. many people offered to bring drinks and
d. which is making families react in different games
ways d. they brought food

6. When he was going away for the weekend, he  . . 12. You  . . .  better study a lot next week, if you
.  his neighbor water the lawn. want to get through that exam.
⇢       ANSWERS: ⇢       ANSWERS:
a. has a. Had
b. had b. Should
c. requested c. Will
d. got d. must

7. Travelers checks are useful when one is traveling 13. When she was a young girl, she used to wish
because  . . .  people refuse to accept them. she  . . .  a princess.       ⇢       ANSWERS:
⇢       ANSWERS: a. Became
a. quite a few b. Is
b. many c. Was
c. few d. Were
d. a few
14. Had I run out of gas, I  . . .  called the garage.
8. Your friends won’t be late,  . . . ? ⇢       ANSWERS:
⇢       ANSWERS: a. Would
a. won’t they b. Had
b. will they c. would have
c. isn’t it d. should have
d. is it
15. While my brother has excellent eyesight,
he  . . .  hard of hearing.       ⇢       ANSWERS:
 a. Has
b. Was 24. . __________, I would have returned it
c. Is immediately.
d. isn’t If I knew that you wanted to read it
I had known that you wanted to read it
16. . _______ the Depression, individual stock Had I known that you wanted to read it
ownership was common in the United States.
a. It was during 25. _______ in a home where two parents work is
b. By the time of a difficult task indeed.
c. Because Children brought up
To bring up children
17. Never before _____ as rapidly, as during the Bringing up children
last three decades.
a. communications have developed 26. There has not yet been any decision made
b. have communications developed _______ will represent the country at the
c. have developed communications Olympics.
concerned athletes chosen
18. It is not yet clearly understood _________ as to which athletes
cause obesity. those athletes
a. why eating too many hamburgers can
b. why can eating too many hamburgers 27. Scientists _____________ nano-technology
c. eating too many hamburgers can capable of computation at the atomic level.
newly have developed
19. The Eiffel Tower is ________ the Leaning have recently developed
Tower of Pisa. have still developed
a. as popular a tourist attraction than
b. as popular a tourist attraction as 28. ________ is portrayed in Hermann Hesse's
c. as more popular a tourist attraction as 'Steppenwolf'.
Man searching his soul
20. While most New Yorkers believe in ghosts, A man searched his soul
______ do not. A man in search of his soul
a. are a few whom 29. ____ Eclipse, telescope
b. there are a few which
Jawab: As
c. there are a few that

21. . . ______ Chinese is more difficult to learn

30. In the seventeenth century, North America was
than English.
It is certain that vast and unconquered, ________ only at great
Certain it is that
cost.
Certainly is
A. it promised riches but yielded its bounty
22. Thinker and poet, ___________ the Brinker
B. promising riches but yielding its bounty
prize for his poem 'Alexander' in 1976.
Claude Pinocchio was awarded C. by promising riches but by yielding its bounty
was awarded Claude Pinocchio
D. its riches were promised but its bounty
was awarded to Claude Pinocchio
yielded
23. It was ______ Johnny finally gave up.
such difficult that
31. ____ his illness, John continued to play rugby.
so difficult that
Despite
so a difficult test that
 Although
Even though

32. After many peace corps teachers return to the

States, ___________ professional English
teachers.
often they become
they often become
and often become

33. None of the students _____ a car.

Has
Have
have got

34. ______, Shakespeare was also a prolific writer

of sonnets.
Noting for his plays
Famous plays
Noted for his plays

35. A symbol of the ancient competition, the

Olympic flame burns ________ throughout
the games.
A. in a continuous way
B. continuous
C. continuously
D. continual

36. Although most adopted persons want to know

who their natural parents are, some who have
found them wish that they ________ the
experience of meeting.
A. hadn't
B. didn't have had
C. hadn't had
D. hadn't have

37. Whole-grain food products ________ in most

large supermarkets across the UnitedStates
and Canada.
A. now can purchase
B. can now be purchased
C. now to purchase
D. the purchase of which