Department of Occupational Safety and Health: Ministry of Human Resources Malaysia

Department of Occupational Safety and Health
Ministry of Human Resources

Malaysia
e Risk Manual on Simple Risk

ntrolAssessment and Control
icals for Chemicals
) 2019 (SiRAC) 2019
Ministry of Human Resources
Malaysia
Manual on Simple Risk

Assessment and Control
for Chemicals
(SiRAC) 2019
MANUAL ON SIMPLE RISK ASSESSMENT AND CONTROL FOR CHEMICALS (SiRAC)
[This Page Is Intentionally Left Blank]

PREFACE
This manual may be cited as the Manual on Simple Risk Assessment and Control for Chemicals (SiRAC).
The manual provides practical guidance and advice for compliance to:
(a) Section 15(1) & (2) of Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 or as amended with
respect to the duties of employers and self-employed persons to their workers; and
(b) Regulation 9 of the Occupational Safety and Health (Use and Standard of Exposure of
Chemicals Hazardous to Health) Regulations 2000 or as amended hereinafter referred to
as USECHH Regulations with respect to the duty of employer to conduct an assessment of
risk to health for any work activities which may exposed or likely to exposed any workers to
chemicals hazardous to health.
This manual has been developed to provide guidance to carry out an assessment of risk to health due to
exposure to chemicals hazardous to health using the Simple Risk Assessment and Control for Chemicals
(SiRAC) method.This manual has also been designed to assist employers to understand the scope of the
assessment which shall contain the nature of the hazard to health, the exposure potential arising from the
use of chemicals hazardous to health and the measures and procedures required to control the
exposure of a worker to chemicals hazardous to health.
This manual will be reviewed from time to time. Written comments from any interested persons or parties
are welcomed. These should be sent to the Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) for
further consideration in improving the manual.
Director General
Malaysia
2019
i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The Department of Occupational Safety and Health wishes to thank and acknowledge the members of
Drafting Committee (Jawatankuasa Penggubalan bagi ‘Manual on Simple Risk Assessment and Control
for Chemicals (SiRAC)) for their contributions towards the preparation of this manual.
Drafting Committee
Hazlina binti Yon DOSH (Chairman from July 2018)
Ir. Dr. Majahar bin Abd. Rahman DOSH (Chairman from September 2014 until July 2018)
Ir. Hj. Anuar bin Mohd Mokhtar DOSH (Chairman from 2009 until August 2014)
Shabanon binti Mohd Sharif DOSH
Ir. Roslenda binti Hasan DOSH
Hamidi bin Saidin DOSH
Rusnah binti Nanyan DOSH
Kasman bin Nasir DOSH
Elaini binti Wahab DOSH
Noor Fazira binti Ab Aziz DOSH
Mohd Hafizullah bin Harun DOSH
Mohd Azam bin Tumijan DOSH
Sulaiman bin R. Rahman DOSH
Hj. Mohd Salleh bin Abd Rahman DOSH
Ir. Nimi Ahmad Malaysian Industrial Hygiene Association (MIHA)
Rina C. Ronaldin Petroliam Nasional Berhad
Hj. Fadzil bin Osman National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
Syarikin binti Mat Nayah – Secretariat DOSH
We also wish to thank individuals who directly or indirectly contributed in the preparation of this manual.
ii
SiRAC Simple Risk Assessment and Control for Chemicals
USECHH Occupational Safety and Health (Use and Standard of Exposure of Chemicals
Regulations Hazardous to Health) Regulations 2000 or as amended
DOSH Department of Occupational Safety and Health
CGS Control Guidance Sheet
CA Control Approach
OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 or as amended
CLASS Occupational Safety and Health (Classification, Labelling and Safety Data Sheet
Regulations of Hazardous Chemicals) Regulations 2013 or as amended
CHRA Chemical Health Risk Assessment
SDS Safety Data Sheet
CPL Occupational Safety and Health (Classification, Packaging and Labelling of

Regulations Hazardous Chemicals) Regulations 1997
PPE Personal Protective Equipment
IBC Intermediate Bulk Container
RPE Respiratory Protective Equipment
LEV Local Exhaust Ventilation
EU Directive
European Union Directive on Dangerous Substances
67/548/EEC
iii
CONTENTS
TITLES Pages
PREFACE i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ii
ABBREVIATION iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS iv
PART 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Legal Requirements 1
1.2 Chemicals Hazardous to Health 1
1.3 Full Assessment Versus Simple Assessment 1
1.3.1 Full Assessment 3
1.3.2 Simple Assessment 3
1.4 Benefits of Controlling Exposure to Chemicals Hazardous to Health 3
1.5 Person to Conduct SiRAC 4
PART 2: SCOPE AND APPLICATION

2.1 Scope and Application 5
2.2 Routes of Exposure 5
2.2.1 Inhalation 5
2.2.2 Dermal Contact and Absorption 5
PART 3: CONCEPTS
3.1 Hazard Classes and Groups 6
3.1.1 Hazard Group Consideration for Mixture Made in the Workplace 8
3.2 Factors Which Affect Exposure 9
3.2.1 Scale of use 9
3.2.2 Ability to become airborne 9
3.3 Control Approaches to Reduce Exposure 12
3.3.1 Group of control approach 12
3.3.2 Adjustment for frequency and duration of use (time-weighting) 14
3.4 Control Guidance Sheets 14
3.4.1 Specific CGS 14
3.4.2 Generic CGS 15
3.5 Workers Involvement 17
PART 4: STEPS IN CONDUCTING SiRAC

4.1 Step 1- Gather Information 19
4.2 Step 2 - Determining Hazard Group 20
4.3 Step 3 - Deciding the Scale of Use 20
4.4 Step 4 - Determining Dustiness and Volatility 20
4.5 Step 5 - Selection of Control Approach 21
4.6 Step 6 - Finding the Task – Specific Control Guidance Sheet(s) 22
4.7 Step 7 - Develop and Implement Action Plan 24
4.8 Report Writing and Record Keeping 26
4.9 Review Assessment 26
iv
5.0 REFERENCES 27
6.0 FORMS
Simple Assessment Form 1 (SA1) 28
Simple Assessment Form 2 (SA2a) 29
Simple Assessment Form 2 (SA2b) 30
Simple Assessment Form 3 (SA3) 31
Guidance Notes on Filling Form SA 2b and SA 3 32
7.0 LIST OF TABLES 34
8.0 LIST OF FIGURES 35
9.0 APPENDICES
Appendix 1: List of Hazard Statements 36

Appendix 2: Conversion Table from R-phrase to H-code 38
Appendix 3: Description of Control Approach 1 to 3 (CA1, CA2 and CA3) 43
Appendix 4: Type of Industry 47
Appendix 5: Format of Report Title Page 48
Appendix 6: Control Guidance Sheets 49
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PART 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Legal Requirements
One of the primary duties of an employer as stipulated under the Occupational Safety and Health
Act 1994 (OSHA) is the making of arrangements for ensuring, so far as is practicable, safety and
absence of risks to health in connection with the use or operation, handling, storage and transport
of plant and substances. This duty includes the protection of workers from the adverse effects of
chemicals. To fulfil this duty, an assessment of all chemicals used in the workplace must be
carried out in order to identify, evaluate and control any health risk associated with work
activities involving the use of chemicals.
Under the Occupational Safety and Health (Use and Standard of Exposure of Chemicals Hazardous
to Health) Regulations 2000 or as amended (USECHH Regulations), the duty to perform an
assessment of health risks arising from the use of chemicals hazardous to health at the workplace
is mandatory whereby employers are not permitted to use any chemicals hazardous to health
unless an assessment has been conducted.
1.2 Chemicals Hazardous to Health
Chemicals hazardous to health is defined under the USECHH Regulations as chemicals which are:
(a) listed in Schedule I or II of the USECHH Regulations;

(b) classified in any hazard classes under Health Hazard of the First Schedule of the
Occupational Safety and Health (Classification, Labelling and Safety Data Sheet of
Hazardous Chemicals) Regulations 2013 or as amended (CLASS Regulations);
(c) pesticides as defined under the Pesticides Act 1974 or as amended; or
(d) scheduled wastes listed in the First Schedule of the Environmental Quality
(Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 2005 or as amended.
The chemicals that have been classified under health hazard of the CLASS Regulations are those
chemical posing hazard to health. These chemicals are classified into various health hazard
classes with hazard statement or H-code in the H300 series.
1.3 Full Assessment versus Simple Assessment
There are basically two approaches to conduct an assessment of risk to health arising from the
use of chemicals hazardous to health, any one of which may be applied depending on the hazard
class of the chemical, chemical use situation and the complexity of the work process. These
approaches are:
(a) Full assessment which is conducted using method of “Chemical Health Risk
Assessment” (CHRA); and
(b) Simple assessment which is conducted using method of “Simple Risk Assessment and
Control for Chemicals” (SiRAC).
The flow chart for selection of assessment approach is shown in Figure 1.
1
2
1.3.1 Full assessment
Full assessment should be conducted for each and every workplace where chemicals hazardous to
health are used. It should be conducted by a registered chemical risk assessor appointed by the
employer for each and every workplace where chemicals hazardous to health are used.
Generic assessment is a full assessment conducted at representative locations which may be

applied to all other locations in which the work activities are similar, with comparable levels of
risk, and similar control measures.
1.3.2 Simple assessment
A simple assessment involves a process of grouping workplace risks into control bands based
on combination of hazard and exposure information. A simple assessment may be conducted,
instead of the full assessment, if the chemicals hazardous to health used in a particular work
unit meets the criteria specified in paragraph 2.1 of this manual. In order to conduct simple
assessment, the required information are:
(a) hazard classification and hazard statement (H-code);

(b) physical form;
(c) boiling point or vapour pressure;
(d) operating temperature of chemicals (where applicable);
(e) quantity used; and
(f) total duration of exposure to the chemicals.
1.4 Benefits of Controlling Exposure to Chemicals Hazardous to Health
Chemicals hazardous to health used in the workplace can harm workers’ health if exposures are
not properly controlled. If an employer fails to prevent exposure or to properly control any
exposure that does occur:
(a) It adds to the unnecessary and preventable burden of ill health;

(b) Business performance can be affected through lost time for sick leave;
(c) There can be civil claims for damages; and
(d) It is an offence under OSHA and specifically USECHH Regulations.
Simple assessment can help an employer to control exposure and meet his legal duties. It
addresses some of basic requirements of USECHH Regulations for some chemicals hazardous to
health in a simple and practical way. It also flags up other things that an employer need to tackle.
It may be helpful to occupational safety and health practitioners, safety and health officers, safety
and health committee members, chemical suppliers or trade associations.
3
1.5 Person to Conduct SiRAC
A person who conduct SiRAC should:
(a) have adequate knowledge, training and expertise in understanding hazard and risk;
(b) know how the work activity uses chemicals hazardous to health;
(c) have the ability and the authority to collate all the necessary, relevant information;
(d) have the knowledge, skills and experience to make the right decisions about the risks
and the precautions that are needed;
(e) know how to interpret Safety Data Sheets (SDS);
(f) have knowledge on chemical control measures;
(g) know basic requirement of OSHA, USECHH Regulations and relevant guidelines;
(h) have knowledge on the SiRAC manual; and
(i) undergone SiRAC training programme by approved training providers.
1.6 Training Syllabus for Persons Conducting SiRAC
4
PART 2: SCOPE AND APPLICATION
2.1 Scope and Application
USECHH Regulations applies to a wide range of chemicals hazardous to health. SiRAC method
applies only to chemicals hazardous to health in solid and liquid forms that are supplied for use at
the workplace. Typical examples include powder coatings; degreasing solvents and cleaning
products; varnishes; ink and paints; and chemicals for making into other products. Chemicals
hazardous to health are referred to hereinafter as “chemicals”. These chemicals will generally be
covered by the CLASS Regulations, and should have label and SDS.
SiRAC does not generally apply to the following types of chemicals:
(a) Chemical classified as carcinogenicity category 1, mutagenicity category 1 or

respiratory sensitization category 1 under CLASS Regulations;
(b) Process generated dusts and fumes (e.g. wood dusts, fume released from molten
metal);
(c) Organic dust, e.g. grain dust, cotton dust and paddy husk dust;
(d) Gases, e.g. hydrogen sulphide, ammonia, etc.; and
(e) Scheduled waste as listed in the First Schedule under the Environmental Quality
(Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 2005 or as amended.
2.2 Routes of Exposure
Two most significant routes of exposure of chemicals into the human body are inhalation and dermal
which will be covered in this manual. Entry of chemicals through ingestion or through injection will
not be covered by this manual.
2.2.1 Inhalation
In industrial workplace, inhalation is the most significant route of exposure. Inhalation involves
breathing in of airborne dusts and fibres, gases, vapours, mists or fumes. As we breathe in, the
airborne chemicals will enter the upper respiratory tract (nose, mouth and throat), the air passage
ways (trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and respiratory bronchioles) and some of the chemicals will
penetrate into the gas exchange area (alveoli). Very soluble chemicals pass through the lungs in
minutes. Less soluble chemicals are trapped in the alveolar region, exhaled out, swallowed or
expectorated. Very fine dusts that are trapped in the alveolar region can cause lung disease such
as silicosis, asbestosis and lung cancer.
2.2.2 Dermal contact and absorption
Some chemicals can cause damage to skin or skin disease (e.g. dermatitis, acne and eczema).
Dermal contact with a chemical may result in local reaction such as a burn or rash, or absorption
which causes systemic effect.
The absorption of a chemical through intact skin is influenced by the condition of the skin and the
properties of the chemicals. Different parts of the body have different skin structure and thickness
and hence different resistance to chemical penetration. These chemicals may enter the body
through cuts or damaged skin. These chemicals pass through the blood stream and distributed and
deposited in various organs or system causing various illnesses and diseases such as leukaemia,
hepatitis and kidney failure.
5
PART 3: CONCEPTS
There are two main factors that affect whether workers’ health is likely to be harmed, and these
can help to identify adequate controls. The factors are:
(a) the type of damage the chemical causes and the amount needed to cause it; and
(b) how much of the chemical is likely to get into the air around workers and be breathed
in, or come into contact with their skin or eyes. This in turn depends on the amount
being used, its dustiness or volatility and total duration of exposure.
3.1 Hazard Classes and Groups
Different chemicals can harm workers in different ways, and some are more hazardous or can
cause more harm than others. For example, some chemicals will only cause minor irritation to the
eyes or throat, whilst other chemicals can make it more difficult to breathe or can kill. Some effects
will be obvious straight away, whilst other effects will take many years to appear. It is important that
all these effects are controlled, but chemicals which can cause the more serious effects will need a
greater degree of control than less hazardous chemicals. One important way to reduce risk is by
using a less hazardous chemical.
Chemicals are placed into four different groups, A to D, to indicate the degree of hazard. Group A is
the least hazardous and group D is the most hazardous. An additional group, group S, indicates if it
is hazardous to get the chemicals on the skin or in the eyes. Grouping of chemicals in the hazard
group are based on its health effect and hazard classification. Table 3.1 and 3.2 present the hazard
groups A to D and hazard group S, respectively, based on hazard classification and hazard
statements (H-code) under the CLASS Regulations. Refer to Appendix 1 for the list of H-code and
hazard statements.
In cases where the available information on hazard classification are given under the previous
Occupational Safety and Health (Classification, Packaging and Labelling of Hazardous Chemicals)
Regulations 1997 (CPL Regulations) or EU Directive 67/548/EEC (Directive on Dangerous
Substances) then the classification has to be converted to classification under CLASS Regulations.
Appendix 2 provides the conversion from risk phrases to hazard classifications and hazard
statements.
6
Table 3.1: Hazard Groups A to D (chemicals causing harm when airborne)
7
Table 3.2: Hazard Group S (chemicals causing harm in contact with skin and eyes)
3.1.1 Hazard group consideration for mixture made in the workplace
If the task involved mixing of chemicals in the workplace, the hazard group of the mixture can be
determined based on the following considerations:
(a) If any component is in Hazard Group ‘S’, then the mixture is Hazard Group S; and
(b) If any component is in Hazard Group ‘D’WKHQWKHPL[WXUHLV+D]DUG*URXS'RU
(c) If any component is in Hazard Group ‘C’WKHQWKHPL[WXUHLV+D]DUG*URXS&RU
(d) If any component is in Hazard Group ‘B’WKHQWKHPL[WXUHLV+D]DUG*URXS%RU
(e) Otherwise the mixture is Hazard Group A.
8
3.2 Factors Which Affect Exposure
3.2.1 Scale of use
The amount of chemicals used will determine the way chemicals is handled and how much the workers
are exposed to the chemicals. The amount of chemicals use per operation or batch (or a
day for a continuous process) can be described as small, medium or large. Use the information in
the Table 3.3 to see if the use is small, medium or large.
Table 3.3: Scale of Chemical in Use

Solid Liquid
Quantity
Weight Typically received in Volume Typically received in
Small Grams Packets or bottles Millilitres Bottles
Medium Kilograms Kegs or drums Litres Drums
Large Cubic
Tonnes Bulk Bulk
metres
Example:
Cleaning parts activity conducted three times per day using 500ml of solvent per operation.
Therefore, the amount of chemicals used is 500ml and the scale of chemical in use is small.
3.2.2 Ability to become airborne
The physical form of a chemical affects how likely it is to get into the air. For solids, the physical
property is its dustiness, and for liquids, it is volatility. The dustier or more volatile the chemicals,
the more it is likely to become airborne. It may be possible to reduce the amount of chemical
getting into the air by buying and using the chemical in a different form, for example, by:
(a) replacing fine powders with pellets or less dusty granules; or

(b) using liquids at a lower temperature.
3.2.2.1 Solids
The dustiness of a solid is classified as low, medium or high. Table 3.4 describes the level of
dustiness of chemicals being used.
Table 3.4: Level of Dustiness
Level Descriptions Example
Low Pellet like solids that do not break up. Little Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
dust is seen during use. pellets,waxed flakes
Crystalline, granular solids. When used, dust

Medium
is seen, but settles out quickly. Dust is left on Soap powder
surfaces after use.
Fine, light powders. When used, dust clouds
High
can be seen to form and remain in the air for Cement, carbon black
several minutes.
9
3.2.2.2 Liquids
Volatility describes a liquid’s ability to turn into a vapour, and therefore become airborne.Some liquids,
highly volatile ones, do this more readily than others, and thus create the potential for greater
exposures than chemicals with lower volatility.
The degree of liquid volatility can be determined based on either the vapour pressure or the boiling
point and operating temperature. The information on vapour pressure and boiling point is normally
found in the SDS for that chemical.
To determine the degree of volatility based on vapour pressure and boiling point, refer to Table 3.5a
and Table 3.5b respectively.
Table 3.5a: Degree of Volatility Based on Vapour Pressure
Volatility band Vapour pressure

Low Less than 500 Pa
Medium 500 to 25 000 Pa
High More than 25 000 Pa
Note:
1 atmosphere = 760 mm Hg = 0.98 Bar = 101325 Pa
For tasks carried out at room temperature 25 C, the volatility of a liquid is classified as low,
medium or high as specified in Table 3.5b.
Table 3.5b: Degree of Volatility Based on Boiling Point at 25 C
Degree Descriptions Example
High Boiling point below 50 C Butadiene
Acetaldehyde, acetone,
Medium Boiling point between 50 C and 150 C chloroform, diethylamine
Low Ethylene glycol, carbon

Boiling point above 150 C
tetrachloride, n-butyl acetate
Source : The Technical Basis for COSHH Essential: Easy Step to Control Chemical, 2016
For task carried out above room temperature, the chemical’s boiling point and operating temperature
can be used to decide volatility from graph in Figure 2. Read across from the boiling point, and up from
the operating temperature. The section in which two lines meet on the graph will tell the volatility. If it
falls on a dividing line, the higher volatility is selected. If the task involves a range of
operating temperature, use the highest value.
10
Figure 2: Graph to select volatility of liquid

Note:
Conversion from Fahrenheit to Celsius, C = 5/9 x ( F – 32).
Alternatively, the degree of volatility is determined in Table 3.5c :
Table 3.5c: Formula to determine the degree of volatility
Boiling Point Volatility
Boiling point < (2 x OT) + 10 C High

(2 x OT) + 10 C < boiling point < (5 x OT) + 50 C Medium
%RLOLQJSRLQW[27 C Low
Note:
OT means Operating Temperature in Celsius, C
11
3.3 Control Approaches to Reduce Exposure
3.3.1 Group of Control Approach
SiRAC recommends four groups of controls, called Control Approaches. The four approaches are:
Control Approach 1 – General Ventilation Least

reduction in
A good standard of general ventilation and
exposure
good working practices.
Control Approach 2 – Engineering Control
Typically, local exhaust ventilation ranging from

a single point extract close to the source of
hazards, to a ventilated partial enclosure.
Itincludes other engineering methods of
control, e.g. cooling coils for vapours, but not
completecontainment.
Control Approach 3 – Containment
The hazard is contained or enclosed, but Greatest

small-scale breaches of containment may be reduction in
acceptable. Often used where a substance is
exposure
very hazardous or a lot of it is likely to get into
the air.
Control Approach 4 – Special

Special help
Specialist advice is needed in selecting control needed
measures and to seek further help.
Notes:
• Please refer to Appendix 3 for details on general ventilation, engineering control and
containment.
• Control Approaches 4 is the highest control approach. Refer to Control Guidance Sheet
(CGS) G400.
Each Control Approach covers a range of actions that work together to reduce exposure:
(a) Good plant and equipment design;

(b) Regular housekeeping and cleaning;
(c) Regular maintenance, examination and testing of equipment;
(d) Worker training and supervision; and
(e) In some cases, using PPE.
Table 3.6 can be used to identify the control approaches using the information on the hazard group,
scale of use and ability to become airborne.
12
Table 3.6: Control Approach Selection
Low High
Medium Medium
Scale of used dustiness dustiness
volatility dustiness
or volatility or volatility
Hazard group A
Small 1 1 1 1
Medium 1 1 1 2
Large 1 1 2 2
Hazard group B
Small 1 1 1 1
Medium 1 2 2 2
Large 1 2 3 3
Hazard group C
Small 1 2 1 2
Medium 2 3 3 3
Large 2 4 4 4
Hazard group D
Small 2 3 2 3
Medium 3 4 4 4
Large 3 4 4 4
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3.3.2 Adjustment for frequency and duration of use (time-weighting)
A threshold of 15 minutes use per day is applied to adjust the Control Approach. A total duration
of use of less than 15 minutes will result in a drop of one level in the Control Approach. Example
from Control Approach 3 (containment) drops to 2 (engineering control), or from 2 to 1 (general
ventilation). The superficial reason for this assessment is task-based and precautionary. This
adjustment does not apply for Control Approach 4.
3.4 Control Guidance Sheet (CGS)
CGS is a fact sheet providing guidance to employer on how to control exposure to chemical for each
control approach. CGS can be divided into two groups which are Specific CGS and Generic CGS.
3.4.1 Specific CGS
Specific CGS is a straight forward advice in the form of fact sheet for the following activities:
(a) Pest control

(b) Cleaning services
(c) Lithography printing
The Specific CGS will be based on task performed and can be selected from Table 3.7 to Table 3.9
without going through the processes of determining the hazard group, ability to become airborne
and scale of use.
The Specific CGS may be reviewed and added if necessary by the DOSH from time to time.
Table 3.7: List of Control Guidance Sheet for Pest Control
TaskTask
Description
Description P
General principle – handling concentrated pesticides for protection of
P001
plants
Diluting chemical concentrates P002
Ready-for-use insecticide sprays and powder P003
Eradicating vermin (rats, etc.) P004
Fogging and misting using space sprayers P005
Storing pesticides products P006
Disposal of pesticides wastes P007
Table 3.8: List of Control Guidance Sheet for Cleaning Services
Task Description C
Cleaning and disinfection using a low-pressure washer C001
Dry cleaning using chlorinated solvent C002
Dry cleaning – spot cleaning C003
Diluting chemical concentrates C004
Manual cleaning and disinfecting surfaces C005
Storing chemical products (small scale) C006
14
Table 3.9: List of Control Guidance Sheet for Lithography Printing
Task Description LP
Ink mixing and cleaning up LP001
Manual film and plate development LP002
Automated film and plate development LP003
Printing with conventional ink LP004
Manual cleaning of presses LP005
Automated cleaning of presses (conventional ink) LP006
3.4.2 Generic CGS
Generic CGS is applicable to chemicals used in activities which are not covered under Specific CGS
(refer to paragraph 3.4.1). The CGS are arranged according to the control approaches they covered,
consisting of:
(a) general sheets for each control approach (G100, G200, G300, G400);
(b) sheets that give recommendations on good practice controls for task-specific such
as mixing, weighing and sieving; and
(c) supplementary sheets on avoiding skin and eye contact with chemicals, and on
selecting and using PPE.
The CGS is selected based on unit operation or tasks description. If the task does not match with the
task description in Table 3.10, the appropriate general task CGS is selected for the relevant control
approach.
15
16
17
PART 4: STEPS IN CONDUCTING SiRAC
The steps to conduct SiRAC are as shown in Figure 3.
Gather information
Identify chemical
Yes No
Is Specific
CGS available?
Get H-code
Use Table 3.1 and Table

3.2 to get Hazard Group
Use Table 3.3 for scale of use
Liquid
Solid
- Use Table 3.5a &
- Use Table 3.4 on
Table 3.5b and Figure
level of dustiness
2 to decide volatility
Select relevant CGS Use Table 3.6 for selection of Control Approach
Use Table 3.10 for selection of Generic CGS based on task
Develop and implement action plan
Report writing and record keeping
Figure 3: Flow chart to conduct simple assessment
18
4.1 Step 1- Gather Information
4.1.1 The assessment begins with gathering of the following:

(a) Chemical register;
(b) SDS;
(c) Label;
(d) Information about the task where chemical is used and total duration of use;
(e) Existing control measures such as general ventilation, local exhaust ventilation; and
( f ) Other information such as layout plan, process flow, operating temperature of process and
number of workers exposed to chemical.
Notes:
1. The SDS should contain the following information:
(a) Hazard classification and relevant hazard statements (given under Section 2:
Hazard Identification);
(b) The boiling point or vapour pressures for liquid (Section 9: Physical and Chemical
Properties).
If the above information is not available, contact the supplier.
2. If the SDS is not available or outdated, get the current SDS from the supplier.
4.1.2 Identify a work area/process using chemicals.
4.1.3 Select a task to assess within the work area/process.
Note:
It may be helpful to categorise the task as described by the task-specific CGS such as mixing,
weighing, transfer, storage, separation, surface coating, lamination, dipping, drying and
palletising.
4.1.4 Identify the chemical used.
4.1.5 Record the following in the Gathering Information form (SA 2a) provided in the manual:
(a) work area/process;

(b) task involved;
(c) name of the chemical assessed; and
(d) date of assessment.
4.1.6 If Specific CGS is available go to Step 6.
19
4.2 Step 2 – Determining Hazard Group
4.2.1 Check the hazard classification and relevant hazard statements from SDS of the chemicals.
Obtain H-codes for each of the hazard statements. Information on hazard classification and
hazard statements are normally found in Section 2 of the SDS (Hazard Identification).
4.2.2 Determine the hazard group(s) for the chemicals using Table 3.1. Decide on the group from
hazard group A to D, and be careful to match the H-code exactly. Some H-code can be single or
in combination with others*. In addition, check group S (refer Table 3.2), to see if contact with skin
and eyes is also a hazard. If the SDS contain H-code that is not listed in Table 3.1, then the
chemical belongs to group A.
Note:
*This is indicated by a ‘+’ for H-code between the numbers, e.g. Harmful if swallowed and in
contact with skin (H302+H312) means that both harmful if swallowed (H302) and harmful in
contact with skin (H312) apply to the chemical.
4.2.3 If there are several H-code on the SDS which appear in different hazard groups from A to D,
always select the higher group. For example, for a chemical with H332 (group B) and H330
(category 2) (group C), select group C.
4.2.4 If the H-code on the SDS and label could not be found, or the appropriate hazard group could not
be determined, contact the chemical supplier for information.
4.2.5 Fill in the appropriate hazard group for each chemical on the Simple Assessment Worksheet
(SA 2b).
4.3 Step 3 – Deciding the Scale of Use
4.3.1 Decide the amount of chemical used per operation or batch or a day (for a continuous process)
by using Table 3.3 and record on the form. If in doubt about the amount, choose the larger
quantity.
4.3.2 Fill in the appropriate scale of use for each chemical on the SA 2b.
4.4 Step 4 – Determining Dustiness and Volatility
4.4.1 Solid form

For solid, use Table 3.4 to decide on the level of dustiness. If in doubt about the level of
dustiness, choose the dustier description (refer to paragraph 3.2.2.1).
4.4.2 Liquid form

To work out the volatility of a liquid, its vapour pressure or boiling point needs to be found on the
SDS. This can normally be found in section 9 of the SDS (Physical and Chemicals Properties).
Where information on the substance’s vapour pressure or boiling point is given in a range of
values, use the lowest value. If a preparation is made up of two or more substances with different
boiling points, use the lowest value. For tasks carried out at room temperature, compare the
boiling point against the ranges in Table 3.5 to decide on the degree of volatility and record in SA
2b (refer to paragraph 3.2.2.2).
20
4.4.3 Other physical form

For paste, gel, slurry and etc. their volatility should be considered if data on boiling point or vapour
pressure is available.
4.4.4 Fill in the appropriate volatility or dustiness for each chemical on the SA 2b.
4.5 Step 5 – Selection of Control Approach
4.5.1 Table 3.6 can be used to identify the control approaches based on the outcome from the previous
steps. The Control Approach is found by first going to the hazard group to which the chemical
has been allocated as in Step 2. Read across from the scale of use (Step 3) to the appropriate
volatility/dustiness column as in Step 3. The number in the box identifies the Control Approach.
Fill in the appropriate Control Approach on the SA 2b.
4.5.2 If duration of use is less than 15 minutes, adjust the Control Approach to one level below the
selected Control Approach. For example, if the selected Control Approach is 3 the adjusted
Control Approach will be Control Approach 2. This adjustment does not apply for Control
Approach 1 and 4. Fill in the adjusted Control Approach in the SA 2b.
4.5.3 For task using more than one chemical, select the highest Control Approach taking into
consideration its suitability and practicality.
Example:
Hazard Amount Volatility/ Control

Task Chemicals
Group Used Dustiness Approach
Medium
Aromatic solvent B Large (volatility) 2
Mixing
Low
Zirconium octoate C Small (dustiness) 1
Hence, the Control Approach selected is 2 (Engineering Control)
21
4.6 Step 6 – Finding The Task – Specific Control Guidance Sheet(s)
4.6.1 From the Control Approaches decided in Step 5, use Table 3.10 to select task-specific CGS that
best describe the task(s) carried out. To select the task-specific CGS find the number(s) of the
guidance sheets using the following information from assessment form:
(a) The task;

(b) Whether the substance is a solid or a liquid; and
(c) How much is being used in the task or batch.
4.6.2 Write the CGS number(s) on SA 2b and find the relevant sheet(s).
4.6.3 If task carried out do not meet the task description, select general CGS for the Control Approach
selected.
4.6.4 If the chemicals fall under hazard group S, extra action is needed to protect workers’ skin and
eyes. This means that CGS S100, S101 and S102 should be selected, which give advice on
protecting skin and eyes, and on selecting and using PPE. Insert S100, S101 and S102 in the
CGS column on the SA 2b, in addition to the existing CGS. To determine the appropriate PPE,
refer to section 8 of the SDS (Exposure Control and Personal Protection).
4.6.5 For direct advice, use Table 3.7 (Pest Control) , Table 3.8 (Cleaning Services) and Table 3.9
(Lithography Printing) to select appropriate CGS according to task description and record the
CGS on the SA 2b.
4.6.6 If respiratory protective equipment (RPE) is necessary, refer to CGS R001.
22
Work example of Step 1 to 6
Worked example
Question
Determine the CGS for the following activity:
Name of chemical : Resin solution X50

Task : Drum filling
Physical State : Liquid
Operating temperature : 25oC
Boiling point : 77oC
Amount of use : 200 litres
R-Phrases : R48/20, R63, R36/38, R43, R51/53, R67
Answer
Convert R-phrase to H-code using Appendix 2. Then assign the appropriate hazard group based on H-
code (Table 3.1)
R-phrase H-code Hazard Group

R48/20 H373 C
R63 H361d C
R36/38 H319, H315 A, S
R43 H317 A, S
R51/53 Not applicable _
(environmental hazard)
R67 H336 A
Hazard Group : C, S
Scale of use : Medium (refer Table 3.3)
Volatility of the mixture : Medium (refer Table 3.5b)
Thus, from Table 3.6, Control Approach 3 is selected based on matrix in the table.
Therefore, from Table 3.10, CGS G305 is selected based on task.
CGS S100, S101 and or S102 also need to be considered based on work activities involved.
23
4.7 Step 7- Develop and Implement Action Plan
4.7.1 In developing the action plan, compare advice given in the CGS (refer Appendix 6) with the
current practices including existing control measures in place, procedures and work practices.
4.7.2 Look at the range of chemicals used and tasks performed, and decide how best to implement
action across the board by taking into consideration suitability and practicality of the Control
Approach selected. If in doubt, seek specialist advice. The advice may come from an expert such
as an industrial hygienist, chemical health risk assessor, professional engineer and hygiene
technician involved in the design and installation of engineering control.
Notes:
“Suitability” means it is suitable for protecting the workers, taking into consideration the physical
form and toxicity of the chemical, the nature of work, the routes of exposure of the chemical and
not prejudice to the health of the workers.
“Practicality” means practicable having regard to:

(a) the severity of the hazard or risk in question;
(b) the state of knowledge about the hazard or risk and any way of removing or mitigating the
hazard or risk;
(c) the availability and suitability of ways to remove or mitigate the hazard or risk; and
(d) the cost of removing or mitigating the hazard or risk.
4.7.3 Consider all aspects of the advice on the CGS as all the aspects work together to provide
adequate control. For example, local exhaust ventilation may not provide adequate control if it is
not used properly, maintained, inspected, examined and tested periodically.
4.7.4 If Control Approach 4 has been selected, seek further guidance or specialist advice on what to
do. This is critical because there could be very serious health effects if exposure is not properly
controlled.
4.7.5 If the S100, S101 and S102 guidance sheets on protecting skin and eyes, and on selecting
PPE have been chosen, link the advice to the CGS selected. These are not a replacement for
but in addition to Control Approaches 1 to 4.
4.7.6 Take account of any safety hazards (refer to hazard statement and advice on the SDS), which
may affect the required controls and their implementation.
24
4.7.7 Consider other actions required to fully comply with USECHH Regulations. For example:
(a) For other chemicals hazardous to health in the workplace covered by USECHH
Regulations, but not covered by SiRAC, which need assessing and control measures (see
Part 2.1) appoint chemical risk assessor to conduct full assessment.
(b) Consideration on the necessity to conduct exposure monitoring:

i. The route of exposure is through inhalation;
ii. Possibility of permissible exposure limits (PEL) as specified in Schedule 1 of
USECHH Regulations being exceeded**; or
iii. To check the existing control equipment are maintained to ensure that the
exposure level of chemicals hazardous to health are below the PEL;
and there is a validated method of sampling and analysis.
Note:
**Conditions where PEL may be exceeded:
moderate to high volatility or dustiness; and
there is an evidence of inadequate control measures.
Once the necessity to conduct exposure monitoring has been determined, the chemical
identity or the specific chemical name needs to be specified in the Action Plan form (SA 3).
(c) The necessity to carry out health/medical surveillance if:

i. the results of exposure monitoring at or above half of 8 hours time weighted
average or exceed ceiling limits;
ii. the chemical pose potential systemic effects through dermal absorption which
is indicated as (skin) in Schedule I of USECHH regulations and the task is
performed with a likelihood of dermal contact or absorption;
iii. the worker is exposed to chemicals listed in Schedule II of USECHH
Regulations and there is a likelihood that an identifiable disease will result from
that exposure; or
iv. cases of ill health or worker feedback related to exposure to chemicals
hazardous to health at the workplace;
and there are valid techniques for detecting indications of identifiable disease.
4.7.8 Implement measures, procedures, and equipment necessary to control any accidental emission
of chemicals hazardous to health as a result of leakage, spillage, or process or equipment failure.
4.7.9 Determine the appropriate control measures based on the overall assessment and the above
considerations and develop an action plan (as per SA 3). Action plan should include action item,
due date and person in charge.
4.7.10 Implement the control measures in consultation with workers, and check the effectiveness of the
control measures. Take any other identified action in 4.7.7 to fully comply with USECHH
Regulations.
25
4.8 Report Writing and Record Keeping
4.8.1 SiRAC report should contain the following:

(a) the nature of the hazard to health;
(b) the exposure potential arising from the use of chemicals hazardous to health; and
(c) the measures and procedures required to control the exposure of a worker to chemicals
hazardous to health.
4.8.2 These items are incorporated in SA 1, SA2a, SA 2b and SA 3.
4.8.3 The SiRAC report should contain the following section at minimum:
(a) Report title page (refer to Appendix 5)

(b) Assessment summary (SA 1)
(c) Introduction
Summary of workplace operation
Objective and scope of assessment
(d) Process description
Description of processes at workplace including process flow chart if applicable
(e) Assessment findings (SA2a, SA 2b and SA 3).
( f ) Appendix
SiRAC trained person’s certificate of attendance
CGS related
4.8.4 Records are important documents that show compliance to legislations requirements.They can
either be in hard copies (for example bound reports) or electronic copies. In maintaining records,
the employers must ensure that all records remain legible, identifiable and traceable to the work
area involved in the assessment. All records should be stored and maintained in such a
way that they are readily retrievable and protected against damage, deterioration or loss. The
retention period and disposition of records should be in accordance to USECHH Regulations.
4.8.5 For the purpose of the assessment, SiRAC records should be maintained by the employers for
at least 30 years.
4.9 Review Assessment
According to USECHH Regulations, the employer shall review the assessment if:
(a) there has been a significant change in the work that could affect the outcome of the
assessment;
(b) new or improved control measures are implemented;
(c) more than five years have elapsed since the last assessment; or
(d) directed by the Director General, Deputy Director General or the Director of Occupational
Safety and Health.
26
5.0 REFERENCES
1. Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (Act 514).

2. Occupational Safety and Health (Use and Standards of Exposure of Chemicals
Hazardous to Health) Regulations 2000.
3. Occupational Safety and Health (Classification, Labelling and Safety Data Sheet of
Hazardous Chemicals) Regulations 2013.
4. A Manual of Recommended Practice on Assessment of the Health Risk Arising From the
Use of Chemicals Hazardous to Health at the Workplace 3rd Edition (First Reprint),
DOSH 2018.
5. Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective Equipment against Chemicals Hazards,
DOSH 2005
6. Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for Design, Inspection, Testing
and Examination of Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008.
7. Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous to Health, DOSH 2001.
8. Guidelines on Medical Surveillance, DOSH 2001.
9. Guidelines on Monitoring of Airborne Contaminant for Chemicals Hazardous to
Health, DOSH 2002.
10. Industry Code of Practice for Safe Working in a Confined Space DOSH, 2010.
11. The Technical Basis for COSHH Essentials: Easy Steps to Control Chemicals, Health
and Safety Executive, United Kingdom 2016.
12. International Chemical Control Toolkit, International Labour Organization.
27
6.0 FORM
SUMMARY OF SIMPLE ASSESSMENT SA 1
General Information
Company :
Address :
Telephone : Fax : Email :
Name of Assessor/Trained Person: Position: Contact No.:
Type of industry:
(refer to Appendix 4)
Total no. of chemicals at the workplace : No. of chemicals assessed (using simple
assessment) :
Summary of Simple Assessment

Further Action
Work Area Task Existing
CGS* Control Training EM* MS*
/Process Description control**
measure** yes / no yes / no yes / no
*CGS: Control Guidance Sheet, EM: Exposure Monitoring, MS: Medical Surveillance
**Existing control (fill in the following code)
Control Measure Code

General Ventilation 01
Local exhaust ventilation 02
Containment 03
Training 04
Safe work procedures 05
PPE (please specify) 06
Others (please specify) 07
28
Identify and Gather Information on Chemicals SA 2a
Work Area :
Date of assessment :
Total
Number Name of Quantity Physical B.P &O.T duration of
o
Process Task H-code Existing control
of workers chemicals use form ( C) use/day
(minutes)
Notes:
B.P : Boiling point
O.T : Operating temperature
29
Sim
mple Assessment Worksheets SA 2b
Work Area :
Date of assessment :
Total
Dustiness/ duration of Control Control
Name of Hazard group Scale of use
No. Task Volatility use <15min? Approach Guidance
chemicals (A, B, C, D, S) (S/M/L)
(L/M/H) yes / no (CA) Sheet (CGS)
30
Action Plan SA 3
Work Area :
Adequacy
Name of
No. Task Existing control of control Action to be taken Due Date PIC
chemical
yes / no
Signature of employer : Position : Date:

31
Table 6.1: Guidance Notes on filling Form SA 2 b
Field Name Instructions
Hazard group Fill in the appropriate hazard group A,B,C,D and/or S. Refer Table 3.1, Table 3.2 and
(A, B, C, D, S) paragraph 3.1.1.
Scale of use Fill in the scale of use either small (S), medium (M) or large (L). Refer Table 3.3.
(S, M, L)
Dustiness/Volatility Fill in the appropriate level of dustiness or degree of volatility either low (L), medium (M) or
(L, M, H) high (H). Refer Table 3.4, Table 3.5a or Table 3.5b.
Fill in ‘yes’ if total duration of use less than 15 minutes. (Adjustment for control approach is
Total duration of use <15min required) Refer paragraph 3.3.2.
Otherwise fill in ‘no’. (No adjustment for control approach is required).
Fill in the relevant Control Approach either 1, 2, 3 or 4.

Control Approach (CA)
Refer Table 3.6.

Control Guidance Sheet (CGS) Fill in the appropriate CGS. Refer Table 3.7.
32
Table 6.2: Guidance Notes on filling Form SA 3
Field Name Instructions

Adequacy of control Fill in ‘yes’ if ALL of the following criteria are met:
(a) Suitability*;
(b) Use and Effectiveness**; and
(c) Maintenance***.
Otherwise, fill in ‘no’.
Notes:
*Refer paragraph 4.7.2
**The control measures are used according to the manufacturers’ instructions and
recommendations, and effective in preventing or minimising exposure.
***refer to maintenance and/or PPE records.
Action to be taken Recommend further controls if existing controls are not adequate. Recommend action to be
taken to comply with the requirement of the USECHH Regulations (refer paragraph 4.7.7
and 4.7.8).
Due date Target date when the action has to be accomplished (to be completed by employer).
PIC Name of person in charge responsible to execute the action to be taken (to be completed
by employer).
Signature of employer Signed by a person who has control over the workplace and responsible for the
improvements. For example plant manager, factory manager, managing director and etc.
33
7.0 LIST OF TABLES
Number of Tables Pages

Tables
Table 3.1 Hazard Groups A to D (chemicals causing harm when 7

airborne)
Table 3.2 Hazard Group S (chemicals causing harm in contact with 8
skin and eyes)
Table 3.3 Scale of Chemical in Use 9
Table 3.4 Level of Dustiness 9
Table 3.5a Degree of Volatility Based on Vapour Pressure 10
Table 3.5b Degree of Volatility Based on Boiling Point at 25 C 10
Table 3.5c Formula to determine the degree of volatility 11
Table 3.6 Control Approach Selection 13
Table 3.7 List of Control Guidance Sheet for Pest Control 14
Table 3.8 List of Control Guidance Sheet for Cleaning Services 14
Table 3.9 List of Control Guidance Sheet for Lithography Printing 15
Table 3.10 List of Generic CGS 16
Table 6.1 Guidance Notes on filling Form SA 2b 32
Table 6.2 Guidance Notes on filling Form SA 3 33
34
8.0 LIST OF FIGURES
Number of Figures Pages

Figures
Figure 1 Selection of Assessment Approach 2

Figure 2 Graph to select volatility of liquid 11
Figure 3 Flow chart to conduct simple assessment 18
Figure 4 Industrial axial fan 43
Figure 5 Local exhaust ventilation (LEV) 44
Figure 6 Fume cupboard 45
Figure 7 Spray booth 45
Figure 8 Robotized spray booth 46
35
9.0 APPENDICES
APPENDIX 1
List of Hazard Statements
36
37
APPENDIX 2
Conversion Table from R-phrase to H-code
38
39
40
41
Notes:
T+ : Very toxic
T : Toxic
Xn : Harmful
C : Corrosive
Xi : Irritant
R42 and/or R43 : Sensitizing
Carc. cat. : Carcinogenic
Muta. cat. : Mutagenic
Repr. cat. : Toxic for reproduction
D : Damaging the unborn child (known)
F : Damaging the fertility (known)
d : Damaging the unborn child (suspected)
f : Damaging the fertility (suspected)
i : Exposure through inhalation
42
43
Discharge
Fan
Air cleaner
clean
Hood
Booth
Figure 5: Local exhaust ventilation (LEV)
44
Exhaust
AirŇow
Figure 6: Fume cupboard
Exhaust
Water spray
AirŇow
Water to
recircula on
Rotatable
system
pedestal
Figure 7: Spray booth
45
46
APPENDIX 4
TYPE OF INDUSTRY
Industrial sector
1. Agriculture
2. Business Trade
3. Civil Service
4. Communication
5. Construction
6. Facility (electric, gas, sanitary, water)
7. Finance
8. Fishing
9. Forestry
10. Hotel
11. Insurance
12. Local Authority
13. Logging
14. Manufacturing
15. Mining and Quarrying
16. Property
17. Restaurant
18. Retail Trade
19. Storage
20. Transport
21. Wholesale Trade
47
APPENDIX 5
Format of Report Title Page
COMPANY NAME & ADDRESS

DOSH REGISTRATION NO.:
Current Assessment
Running Number
SIRAC REPORT
(REF. NO : 123456001234 - 2017 / 005)
Assessment
Year
DOSH Registration
Number if assessor or
Trained Person’s
Number of Registration
Identification Card
(NRIC)
ASSESSOR / TRAINED PERSON’S NAME :
ASSESSOR REGISTRATION NO. (IF APPLICABLE) :
DATE OF ASSESSMENT :
Assessor’s Company and Address

(If Applicable)
48
LIST OF CONTROL GUIDANCE SHEETS
No. CGS Types of CGS CA Title Pages
54
56
58
60
62
64
66
68
70
72
74
76
78
80
82
84
86
89
91
93
95
97
99
101
103
105
107
49

109
111
113
115
117
119
121
123
125
128
131
134
136
138
140
142
144
146
148
150
152
154
156
159
162
165
168
171
173
175
177
179
181
183
185
187
189
191
193
195
197
199
50

201
203
205
207
209
211
213
215
217
219
221
223
225
227
51
CONTROL
GUIDANCE SHEETS
52
[This Page Is Intentionally Left Blank]
53
$
Cleaning and Disinfection Using
a Low-Pressure Washer
C001
Cleaning Services
This guidance sheet is aimed to guide

employers to comply with the requirements of
the Occupational Safety and Health (Use and
Standards of Exposure of Chemicals
Hazardous to Health) Regulations (USECHH
Regulations) by controlling exposure to
chemicals and protecting workers’ health. The
sheet is part of the Simple Risk
Assessment and Control for Chemicals
(SiRAC).
This sheet provides control measure and good

practice recommendation on using personal
protective equipment (PPE). It describes the
key points that need to be followed to help
reduce exposure to an acceptable level. It is
important that all the points are followed.
Disinfectants are biocidal products. These
products are safe for use so long as the
instructions on the label are followed. Some
chemicals can also be flammable or corrosive.
Therefore, the controls must be suitable for Cleaning using low pressure washer
those hazards too. Refer to Safety Data Sheet
(SDS) for more information.
Personal protective equipment (PPE)
Workplace and access Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable
protective equipment.
Set up barriers and post warning signs. Respiratory protection equipment (RPE) may be
Keep people away while using a pressure washer. needed. Seek advice from RPE supplier on the
Provide good washing facilities. selection of correct cartridge. Refer to R001.
Provide protective gloves, disposable nitrile gloves are
Equipment acceptable. If latex gloves are used, use only
‘low-protein’,‘powder-free’ gloves.
Designate a segregated area for pressure Throw away disposable gloves every time they are
washing, or do the job outdoors. taken off.
Provide suitable PPE. Provide waterproof, slip-resistant boots and protective
Remove heavy dirt deposits first. goggles.
Ensure that nearby electrical fittings are suitably For pressure washing overhead, a waterproof suit with
waterproofed. head and face protection may be needed.
Caution: Do not store more than 50 liters of

flammable liquid indoors. Use a flammables store.
54
$
Procedures Training and supervision
Store products containing chemicals securely in a Give workers information on the risk of using the
cool, dry, dark place, capable of keeping in spills. Do chemicals.
not store far more than needed. Provide workers with training on:
Ensure that workers follow work instructions, and • handling chemical safely;
make up solutions for immediate use only. • how to use control equipment properly and ensure
Keep chemicals off skin. Workers should wash off the control is working;
splashes and avoid contact with surfaces until they • when and how to use any PPE provided; and
are dry. • what to do if something goes wrong.
Reduce cross contamination by washing out Training programme should be reviewed and
equipment after use. conducted at least once in two years.
Caution: Warn workers never to direct the water jet Worker’s Checklist
at their skin or another person.
Never direct the water jet at yourself or
Special Care other people.
Look for signs of leaks, wear and damage.
Contact with many chemicals and wet-work can lead If worker finds any problems, tell the
to dermatitis, eye damage and asthma. Refer to the supervisor. Do not just carry on working.
SDS (Section 11: Toxicological Information) for Use and store PPE according to
specific health effect. instructions.
Avoid products that contain hydrofluoric acid. Throw away single-use gloves every time
Try to avoid disinfectants that contain take them off.
formaldehyde or glutaraldehyde. Wash hands after use, and before and
RPE may need to be provided. after eating, drinking, smoking and using
Seek advice from the chemical supplier if the washroom.
products contain enzymes. Never clean hands with concentrated
Ask workers to check their skin for dryness or cleaning products or solvents.
soreness every six months. If these effects appear, Check skin regularly for dryness or
check the proper use of PPE. soreness, inform the supervisor if these
If you use a product labelled ‘may cause symptoms appear.
sensitisation by skin contact’ or ‘may cause
sensitisation by inhalation’, seek specialist advice for Further information
appropriate control. • Safety Data Sheets.
• Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
Maintenance Equipment against Chemicals Hazards,
DOSH 2005
• Control Guidance Sheets S100, S101, S102 and
Ensure all equipment used in the task is
R001.
maintained as advised by the supplier/installer.
Keep the equipment in effective and efficient working
Useful links
order and good repair.
• DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
• SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
Cleaning and housekeeping • HSE COSHH essentials website: https://www.hse.
gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
Clean up spills promptly. Follow spillage • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
procedures. https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
55
$
Dry Cleaning Using
Chlorinated Solvent
C002
Cleaning Services

sheet is part of the Simple Risk Assessment
and Control for Chemicals (SiRAC).
It describes the key points that need to be

followed to help reduce exposure to an
acceptable level. It is important that all the
points are followed. This sheet applies to
chlorinated solvents other than
perchloroethylene or chemicals classified as
carcinogenicity category 1, mutagenicity
category 1 and respiratory sensitisation
category 1. It does not apply to hydrocarbon
solvents.
Dry cleaning can lead to exposure by breathing Dry cleaning equipment

in vapour. Solvent vapours can cause
headaches, dizziness and nausea. Containment Follow the specified procedures for adding solvent to
is the recommended approach. Other health the machine.
risks are associated with dry cleaning, Washing facilities are needed for decontamination
especially when workers spend long periods after handling products.
doing one job (e.g. steam pressing, lifting
clothes onto hangers). These jobs can lead to Procedures
upper limb disorders. Rotate such jobs,
if possible. Store products containing chemicals securely in a
cool, dry, dark place, capable of keeping in spills. Do
not store far more than needed.
Workplace and access
Put the cap back on the container immediately.
Plan procedure in case of a spill and communicate
Keep customers away from dry cleaning machines. with workers and execute the procedure.
Keep the workplace well organised, with clear exit Check that authorised workers understand how to
routes. empty button traps, clean lint filters and clean the still
safely.
Design and equipment Do not remove solvent-damp material from the
machine. If fabric is not dry at the end of the cycle,
Use well-maintained closed circuit machines. return it to the cage and continue drying. Then rectify
Keep the work area well ventilated (10 to 15 air the fault before reloading.
changes per hour) with a through draught. Ask customers to separate contaminated work
Workers can breathe in most solvent vapour when clothing, if any.
loading the machine. Use machines that draw air in Never pour waste or still residues down the drain.
when the door is opened. Otherwise, use a room fan Collect it for recycling.
to help disperse vapour.
Make sure that the extraction discharges to a safe
place. Vapours must not get into other premises.
56
$
Special care Worker’s Checklist
Get label that complies with CLASS Regulations from Look for signs of leaks, wear and damage.
solvent supplier and communicate it to workers. Check that RPE works properly every time
Evacuate the workplace and call Fire and Rescue before put it on.
Department if there is a large spill of solvent or a leak If worker finds any problems, inform the
of hot solvent. supervisor. Do not just carry on working.
Ask workers to check their skin for dryness or Wash hands after use, and before and
soreness every six months. If these effects appear, after eating, drinking, smoking and using
check the proper use of PPE. the washroom.
Never clean hands with concentrated
Maintenance cleaning products or solvents.
Make sure worker know what to do if there
is a spill of solvent.
Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
Check skin regularly for dryness or
as advised by the supplier/installer.
soreness, inform the supervisor if these
Keep the engineering control equipment in effective
symptoms appear.
and efficient working order and good repair.
If the equipment is equipped with the local exhaust
ventilation (LEV), ensure that the LEV is examined Further information
and tested against its performance specification by • Safety Data Sheets.
hygiene technician at least every 12 months. • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least Equipment against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH 2005
five years. • Control Guidance Sheets S100, S101, S102 and
If the equipment is faulty, stop work until it is repaired. R001.
Check for leaks regularly.
Useful links
Cleaningand
Cleaning andhousekeeping
housekeeping
• HSE COSHH essentials website: https://www.hse.
Deal with smaller spills of cold solvent immediately. gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
Use a spillage blanket and recover the solvent as • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
soon as possible. https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
Keep a solvent-soaked spillage blanket in a strong safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
polythene bag until you can recover the solvent in the
machine.
For larger spills and hot solvent, see Special care.
Dispose off waste through an authorised contractor
by Department of Environment (DOE).
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Evacuate the workplace in case of a larger or hot

solvent spill. Use Respiratory Protective Equipment
(RPE) only if you have been trained to do so. Seek
advice from RPE supplier.
Training
Give workers information on the risk of using the

chemicals.
Provide workers with training on:
• handling chemical safely;
• how to use control equipment properly and ensure
the control is working;
• when and how to use any PPE provided; and
• what to do if something goes wrong.
Training programme should be reviewed and
conducted at least once in two years.
57
$
Dry Cleaning – Spot Cleaning
C003
Cleaning Services


points are followed. Some chemicals can also
be flammable or corrosive. Therefore, the
controls must be suitable for those hazards too.
Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more
information. Use these to identify the more
hazardous chemicals, and less hazardous
substitutes. Also check for flammability. Many
spotting fluids are irritating to the skin and
eyes, and some can cause skin damage. Spotting table with extraction unit
Engineering control (extraction unit) is the
recommended approach.
Procedures
Obtain chemical in a ready for use solution.
Spotting bottles should never be more than two thirds
Restrict access to the work area to authorised full, to avoid squirting fluid into eyes.
workers only. Store products containing chemicals securely in a
Make sure there is enough room to do the job safely. cool, dry, dark place, capable of keeping in spills. Do
Keep the workplace well organised, with clear exit not store far more than needed.
routes. Read the instructions on labels carefully - follow the
instructions for use.
Design and equipment Keep chemicals off your skin, wash off any splashes
immediately.
Keep the workplace well ventilated (10 to 15 air Put the cap back on the container immediately.
changes per hour) with a through draught. Plan procedure in case of a spill and communicate
Use a spotting table provided with extraction unit. with workers and execute the procedure.
An air velocity between 0.5 and 1 meter per second
at the extraction point is needed.
Use spotting bottles with the smallest practical hole
size in the nozzle.
Washing facilities are needed for decontamination
after handling products.
58
$
Contact with many chemicals can lead to skin Look for signs of leaks, wear and damage.
soreness, itching, rashes, blistering (dermatitis), eye If worker finds any problems, inform the
damage and asthma. Refer to the SDS (Section 11: supervisor. Do not just carry on working.
Toxicological Information) for specific health effect. Wash hands after use, before and after
Try to avoid products that contain hydrofluoric acid. eating, drinking, smoking and using the
This is very dangerous by skin contact and by washroom.
breathing in. Get expert advice on first aid. Never clean hands with concentrated
Ask workers to check their skin for dryness or cleaning products or solvents.
soreness every six months. If these effects appear, If worker get hydrofluoric acid on his skin,
check the proper use of PPE. wash it off immediately, apply calcium
gluconate gel and go to hospital for further
Maintenance treatment. Bring the SDS.
Clear up chemical spills promptly. Follow
Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained spillage procedures.
as advised by the supplier/installer. Throw away single-use gloves every time
Keep the equipment in effective and efficient working take them off.
order and good repair. Check skin regularly for dryness or
Ensure any engineering control equipment used is soreness, tell the supervisor if these
examined and tested against its performance symptoms appear.
specification by hygiene technician at least every 12
months. Further information
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least • Safety Data Sheets.
five years. • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
Equipment against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH 2005
Cleaningand
housekeeping • Control Guidance Sheets S100, S101, S102 and R001.
Useful links
Clear up spills promptly. Follow spillage procedures.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) • HSE COSHH essentials website: https://www.hse.
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
protective equipment. https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/safe
Use protective gloves and eye protection for topping work/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
up bottles. Disposable nitrile gloves are acceptable.
If latex gloves must be used, use only ‘low protein,
powder free’ gloves.
Throw away disposable gloves every time take them
off.
Training

chemicals.
59
$
Diluting Chemical Concentrates
C004
Cleaning Services

This sheet describes good practice using

personal protective equipment (PPE). It
describes the key points that need to be
points are followed. Some concentrates are
biocidal products. Therefore, the controls must
be suitable for those hazards too. Refer to the
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more information.

Diluting process
Make sure there is enough room to do the job safely.
Provide good washing facilities.
Procedures
Equipment
Store products containing chemicals securely in a
cool, dry, dark place, capable of retaining spills. Do not
Ensure the equipment used with the product works store far more than needed.
properly, without leaks. Reduce skin contact - workers should wash off
Provide protective gloves. splashes immediately.
If diluting with a solvent, make sure the room is well Ensure that workers follow work instructions, and
ventilated; five to ten air changes per hour, with a make up solutions for immediate use only.
through draught. Plan procedure in case of a spill and communicate
Buy liquid chemicals in containers that are easy to with workers and execute the procedure.
pour from, do not dribble, and do not trap liquid in a Make sure they are aware of the following general
rim. guidelines:
Try to buy solid chemicals in tablet or granule form, or • Add liquid concentrate to diluting liquid - never the
in wide-necked containers so it is easy to scoop out. other way round, unless the instructions say so.
• Make a thin paste of powders with a small amount of
Caution: Never decant concentrate into an diluting liquid, then dilute as for liquids.
unlabelled container. Never re-use a concentrate • Put the cap back on the container immediately and
container, dispose off it safely or return it to supplier. wipe the outside clean.
Do not store more than 50 litres of flammable liquid
indoors- use a flammables store.
60
$
Contact with many chemicals can lead to dermatitis, If worker finds any problems, inform the
eye damage or asthma. Refer to the SDS supervisor. Do not just carry on working.
(Section 11: Toxicological Information) for specific Use and store PPE according to
health effect. instructions.
Avoid products that contain hydrofluoric acid. Throw away disposable gloves every time
Take special care using caustic soda (sodium take them off.
hydroxide). This can erupt when mixed with water. Wash hands after use, before and after
Splashes in the eye can cause blindness. eating, drinking, smoking and using the
Never add any other chemical to concentrates that washroom.
contain bleach (sodium hypochlorite solution). This Never clean hands with concentrated
can cause a hazardous gas (chlorine) to be given off. cleaning products or solvents.
Ask workers to check their skin for dryness or Check skin regularly for dryness or
soreness every six months. If these effects appear, soreness, inform supervisor if these
check the proper use of PPE. symptoms appear.
If a product labelled ‘may cause sensitisation by skin
contact’ or ‘may cause sensitisation by inhalation’ is Further information
used, seek specialist advice for appropriate control. • Safety Data Sheets.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Equipment against Chemicals Hazards,DOSH 2005
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable R001.
Provide protective gloves, disposable nitrile gloves Useful links
are acceptable. If latex gloves must be used, use only • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
‘low protein, powder free’ gloves. • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
Throw away disposable gloves every time they are • HSE COSHH essentials website:
taken off. https://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
Provide protective goggles to protect eyes when • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
using products that can cause burns (e.g. acids, https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
caustics). safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
Cleaningand
housekeeping
Wash out mixing equipment after use.

Dispose off waste liquid safely.
Clean up spills promptly. Follow spillage procedures.
Training

chemicals.
61
$
Manual Cleaning and
Disinfecting Surfaces
C005
Cleaning Services
This guidance sheet is aimed to guide Procedures

the Occupational Safety and Health (Use and Store products securely in a cool, dry, dark place,
Standards of Exposure of Chemicals capable of keeping in spills. Do not store far more than
Hazardous to Health) Regulations (USECHH needed.
Regulations) by controlling exposure to Ensure that workers follow work instructions, and
chemicals and protecting workers’ health. The make up solutions for immediate use only.
sheet is part of the Simple Risk Assessment Put the cap back on the container immediately.
with workers and execute the procedure. Keep
products off your skin. Workers should wash off any
This sheet describes good practice using splashes and avoid contact with surfaces until they
personal protective equipment (PPE). It are dry.
followed to help reduce exposure to an Special care
points are followed. Disinfectants are biocidal Contact with many products can lead to dermatitis,
products. Therefore, the controls must be eye damage and asthma. Refer to the SDS (Section
suitable for those hazards too. Refer to the 11: Toxicological Information) for specific health effect.
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more information. Take special care using caustic soda (sodium
hydroxide). Splashes in the eye can cause blindness.
Workplace and access Never add any other chemical to concentrates that
contain bleach (sodium hypochlorite solution). This
can cause a hazardous gas (chlorine) to be given off.
Mark any pedestrian routes that can become slippery
Ask workers to check their skin for dryness or
when wet.
soreness every month. If these effects appear, check
the proper use of PPE.
If a product labelled ‘may cause sensitisation by skin
Equipment contact’ or ‘may cause sensitisation by inhalation’ is
used, seek specialist advice for appropriate control.
Use colour-coded cloths, mops and buckets to
minimise cross-contamination if possible. Cleaning and housekeeping
Provide protective gloves.
Remove heavy dirt deposits first.
Wash out the equipment after use.
Dispose off this waste liquid safely.
Caution: Never decant concentrate into an
unlabelled container. Never re-use a concentrate
container - dispose off it safely or return it to supplier.
Do not store more than 50 litres of flammable liquid Training and supervision
indoors - use a flammable store.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) chemicals.
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable
Provide protective gloves - disposable gloves are
acceptable. If latex gloves must be used, use only
‘low-protein, powder-free’ gloves.
Throw away disposable gloves every time they are
taken off.
Provide waterproof, slip-resistant footwear.
62
$
Further information
Worker’s Checklist • Safety Data Sheets.
If worker finds any problems, inform the Equipment against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH 2005
supervisor. Do not just carry on working. • Control Guidance Sheets S100, S101, S102 and
Use and store PPE according to R001.
instructions.
Throw away disposable gloves every time Useful links
take them off. DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
Wash hands after use, before and after • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
eating, drinking, smoking and using the • HSE COSHH essentials website:
washroom. https://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
Never clean hands with concentrated • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
cleaning products or solvents. https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
Check skin regularly for dryness or safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
soreness, inform supervisor if these
symptoms appear.
63
$
Storing Chemical Products
(Small Scale)
C006
Cleaning Services

This sheet describes good practice using

general ventilation. It describes the key points
that need to be followed to help reduce
exposure to an acceptable level. It is important
that all the points are followed. Some chemicals
can also be flammable or corrosive. Therefore,
the controls must be suitable for those hazards
too. Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for
more information.

Chemicals cabinet
Restrict access to the work area to authorised
workers only.
Keep the storage container locked.
Equipment
Respiratory protective equipment (RPE) may be
needed in case of a spill.
Keep the store area well ventilated; five to ten air Seek advice from RPE supplier.
changes per hour with a through draught. Provide protective gloves - disposable nitrile gloves
Keep a spill cleanup kit nearby. Ask supplier for are acceptable. If latex gloves must be used, use only
advice. ‘low-protein, powder-free’ gloves.
Throw away disposable gloves every time they are
Caution: Never decant concentrate into an taken off.
unlabelled container. Never re-use a concentrate
container. Dispose off it safely or return it to the Procedures
supplier. Do not store more than 50 litres of
flammable liquid indoors. Use a flammables store.
Keep apart:
• solid and liquid products;
• flammable and non-flammable liquids;
• acids and alkalis; and
• wastes.
Check compatibility of each chemical stored. Refer
SDS.
not store far more than needed.
Store containers so their labels face forwards.
Store heavier items and corrosive chemicals on lower
shelves.
64
$
Ensure that containers are easy to pour from, do not

Worker’s Checklist
dribble, and do not trap liquid in a rim.
If worker finds any problems, inform the
with workers and execute the procedure.
supervisor. Do not just carry on working.
Try to buy solid chemicals in tablet form, or in a
Clear up spills straight away. Follow
wide-necked container such that it is easy to scoop
spillage procedures.
out granules.
Wash hands after use, before and after
eating, drinking, smoking and using the
Caution: Never store chemicals in open containers.
washroom.
Special care cleaning products or solvents.
Contact with many chemicals can lead to skin Further information

soreness and itching, rashes, blistering (dermatitis). • Safety Data Sheets
Some can also damage the eyes. Refer to the SDS • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
(Section 11: Toxicological Information) for specific Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards,
health effect. DOSH 2005
Cleaningand
housekeeping R001
Keep the storage area clean and well organised. Useful links
Clear up spills immediately. Follow spillage • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
procedures. • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
Dispose off waste through an authorised contractor • HSE COSHH essentials website:
by Department of Environment (DOE). https://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
• ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
Training and supervision https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
chemicals.
65
-1
Ink Mixing and Cleaning Up
LP001
Lithography Printing
This guidance sheet is aimed to guide Special care

the Occupational Safety and Health (Use and Avoid skin contact with UV-curable inks. Skin contact
Standards of Exposure of Chemicals with UV-curable inks can cause dermatitis.
Hazardous to Health) Regulations (USECHH Minimize skin contact with inks, reducers and cleaning
Regulations) by controlling exposure to chemicals.
sheet is part of the Simple Risk Assessment Maintenance
Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained as
It can be used as suitable approach for advised by the supplier/installer.
controlling exposure to chemicals hazardous to Keep the equipment in effective and efficient working
health used in printing industry for specified
Noisy or vibrating fans indicate a problem. Do repairs
task or process. This sheet provide good as necessary.
practice for the mixing of conventional inks Check transfer hoses and connectors regularly for
(vegetable/mineral oil-based), ultra violet leaks.
(UV)-curable inks and cold-set inks and
heat-set inks and cleaning the mixing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
equipment. It describes the key points that need
to be followed to reduce exposure to an Provide storage for PPE to prevent damage or
acceptable level. It is important that all the contamination when not in use.
points are followed. Some chemicals can also Use splash-resistant gloves. Disposable nitrile gloves,
be flammable or corrosive. Therefore, the 0.2 mm thick are acceptable.
controls must be suitable for those hazards too. Ensure that workers dispose disposable gloves every
Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more time they take them off.
Use eye protection and impervious apron.
information.
Cotton overalls can minimise clothing contamination.
Change contaminated overalls immediately and
Workplace and access ensure they are laundered before reuse.
Control worker entry to the work area. Limit entrance

to an authorised worker only.
Skin management
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work area
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. Keep hands clean and in good condition.
Using pre-work creams (barrier cream) help make
Equipment removing chemicals easier. However, pre-work
creams should not be seen as a substitute for gloves.
If need to use hand cleansers to remove ink, ensure
Provide a good standard of general ventilation. Use
that the cleanser is rinsed off afterwards.
powered wall or window-mounted fans to supply
Never allow solvents to be used for cleaning skin.
fresh air, minimum of ten air changes per hour, with a
Provide after-work creams (moisturisers) to replace
through draught.
skin oils.
Provide splash-resistant gloves.
Consider seeking advice from an occupational health
Provide easy-to-clean work surfaces with lipped
doctor.
edges for liquid handling.
Appoint a responsible person to carry out periodic skin
Provide pumped transfer systems or dispensing aids.
inspections and record the findings.
Avoid hand-pouring inks and reducers.
66
-1
Cleaningand
housekeeping Worker’s Checklist
Keep the work area tidy, clean and free of ink Make sure any ventilation system is
contamination. switched on and is working.
Clean up spills immediately. Use new nitrile gloves Look for signs of leaks, wear or damage of
0.4 mm thick or refer to SDS (Section 8: Exposure any equipment used. If worker finds any
Control and Personal Protection) for appropriate problems, inform the supervisor. Do not
PPE. Throw away gloves once used. carry on working if there is a problem.
Dispose off contaminated cloths, wipes, gloves, Wash hands before and after eating,
solvent, ink and empty containers as hazardous drinking or using the washroom.
waste through an authorised contractor by Do not smoke in the work area.
Department of Environment. Do not use solvents to clean skin.
Store containers in a safe place, securely closed. Clear up spills immediately. Follow
Handle containers with care and replace caps. spillage procedure.
Replace covers on ink ducts immediately. Use, maintain and store any PPE
Plan procedure in case of a spill and communicate provided in accordance with instructions.
Further information
Training • Safety Data Sheets.
Give workers information on the risk of using the Equipment against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH 2005
chemicals. • Control Guidance Sheets S100, S101, S102 and
Provide workers with training on: R001.
• safe operating procedures or work instructions;
• control measures used; and Useful links
• when and how to use any PPE provided. • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
Training programme should be reviewed and • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
conducted at least once in 2 years. • HSE COSHH essentials website:
https://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
Supervision • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
Provide supervision to ensure that safe work
procedures are followed.
Establish a system to monitor that all control
measures are in place and being followed.
67
-1
Manual Film and Plate Development
LP002

It can be used as suitable approach for

controlling exposure to chemicals hazardous to
task or process. The sheet gives good practice
advice for manual film development and plate
making. It describes the key points that need to
be followed to reduce exposure to an
acceptable level. Consider to using automatic
processes to reduce risk of skin exposure. It is
important that all the points are followed or use
equally effective measures.
General ventilation for manual film development
Special care
Control worker entry to the work area. Limit entrance
to authorised worker only. Deletion fluids contain hydrofluoric acid. This is very
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work area toxic and causes serious burns. Damage to skin and
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. eyes can be permanent.
Provide deletion pens in place of jars of fluid.
Equipment Ensure first-aid procedures are adequate. Stock
calcium gluconate gel and keep it handy.
Maintenance
through draught.
Provide splash-resistant gloves. Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained as
Provide easy-to-clean work surfaces with lipped advised by the supplier/installer.
edges for liquid handling. Keep the equipment in effective and efficient working
Keep developing solutions in shallow trays to contain order and good repair.
spillage. Noisy or vibrating fans indicate a problem. Do repair
Provide pumps or squeezy bottles in place of hand as necessary.
pouring.
Screen ultra violet exposure units with shutters,
blinds or wrap around curtains.
Scoop the concentrate into the dilution jug.
68
-1
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Supervision
Provide storage for PPE to prevent damage or Provide supervision to ensure that a safe work
contamination when not in use. procedures are followed
Use splash-resistant gloves - disposable nitrile Establish a system to monitor that all control
gloves, 0.2 mm thick are acceptable. Ensure that measures are in place and being followed.
workers dispose disposable gloves every time they
take them off. Worker’s Checklist
Cotton overalls to minimise clothing contamination.
Change contaminated overalls immediately and Make sure any ventilation system is
ensure they are laundered before reuse. switched on and is working.
Look for signs of leaks, wear or damage of
Skin management any equipment used. If worker finds any
problems, inform the supervisor. Do not
Skin contact with the chemicals may cause carry on working if there is a problem.
dermatitis. Wash hands before and after eating,
Keep hands clean and in good condition. drinking or using the washroom.
If need to use hand cleansers to remove ink, ensure Do not smoke in the work area.
that the cleanser is rinsed off afterwards. Do not use solvents to clean skin.
Provide after-work creams (moisturisers) to replace Clear up spills immediately. Follow
skin oils. Never allow solvents to be used for cleaning spillage procedure.
skin. Use, maintain and store any PPE
Consider seeking advice from an occupational health provided in accordance with instructions.
doctor.
Appoint a responsible person to carry out periodic Further information
skin inspections and record the findings. • Safety Data Sheets.
Cleaningand
housekeeping Equipment against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH 2005
R001.
Keep the work area tidy, clean and free of
combustible materials.
Useful links
Clean up spills immediately. Use an impervious apron
and new nitrile gloves 0.4 mm thick or refer to SDS
for appropriate PPE. Throw away gloves properly
• HSE COSHH essentials website:
once used.
Clean the workroom at least once a week.
Store containers in a safe place, securely closed.
Handle containers with care and replace caps.
Dispose off contaminated cloths, wipes, gloves,
solvent, ink and empty containers as hazardous
waste through an authorised contractor by
Department of Environment.
Training

chemicals.
• control measure; and
• when and how to use any PPE provided.
69
-1
Automated Film and Plate Development
LP003


task or process. The sheet gives good practice
advice for automatic film and litho-plate
development. It describes the key points that
need to be followed to reduce exposure to an
acceptable level. Automatic processors help
avoid skin contact. Use extraction unit for
developer vapours. It is important that all the
points are followed or use equally effective
measures. Some chemicals can also be Automated film and plate development
flammable or corrosive. Therefore, the controls
must be suitable for those hazards too. Refer to Fit an airflow indicator or equivalent to show that
the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more extraction unit is working.
information.
Special care
Deletion fluids contain hydrofluoric acid. This acid is
Control worker entry to the work area. Limit entrance hazardous and causes serious burns. Damage to skin
to authorised worker only. and eyes can be permanent.
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work area Provide deletion pens in place of jars of fluid.
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. Ensure first-aid procedures are adequate. Stock
calcium gluconate gel and keep it handy.
Equipment
Maintenance
fresh air; minimum of ten air changes per hour, with a
advised by the supplier/installer
through draught.
Use automatic processors with closed panels and
closed liquid transfers (solutions pumped from
If the extraction unit stops, or is faulty, get it repaired
reservoirs and to waste containers).
straight away.
Interlock ultra violet (UV) lamps with the unit's fixed
Do not alter, add or remove extraction without
covers.
specialist advice.
Extract vapours from the machine when making
Check transfer hoses and connectors regularly for
larger plates and for longer periods of plate-making.
leaks.
Wire in the extraction unit to the processor unit. You
Ensure that screens on the UV units are secure and
need an inward air flow between 0.5 and 1 metre per
any interlocks are in working order.
second at openings.
Noisy or vibrating fans indicate a problem. Do repairs
as necessary.
70
-1
Inspection, examination and testing Training
Check the extraction unit and gauges is working Give workers information on the risk of using the
properly regularly, recommended at least once a chemicals.
week. Compare with manufacturer’s performance Provide workers with training on:
specifications to check if extraction unit is working • safe operating procedures or work instructions;
properly. • control measure; and
Ensure any engineering control equipment used is • when and how to use any PPE provided.
examined and tested against its performance Training programme should be reviewed and
specification by hygiene technician at least every 12 conducted at least once in two
months.
Keep records of all inspections, examinations and Supervision
testing for at least five years.
Provide supervision to ensure that a safe work
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) procedures are followed.
Refer to the product label or SDS or ask PPE supplier measures are in place and being followed.
for advice on selection of suitable PPE.
PPE may be needed for some cleaning and Worker’s Checklist
maintenance activities, e.g. dealing with spills.
Keep any PPE clean and replace at recommended Make sure any ventilation system is
intervals. switched on and is working.
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid Look for signs of leaks, wear or damage of
contamination. any equipment used. If worker finds any
Skin management carry on working if there is a problem.
Do not inspect printed sheets under a UV
Skin contact with the chemicals may cause lamp. The reflected light can be
dermatitis. dangerous.
Keep hands clean and in good condition. Wash hands before and after eating,
If need to use hand cleansers to remove ink, ensure drinking or using the washroom.
that the cleanser is rinsed off afterwards. Do not smoke in the work area.
Provide after-work creams (moisturisers) to replace Do not use solvents to clean skin.
skin oils. Never allow solvents to be used for cleaning Clear up spills immediately. Follow
skin. spillage procedure.
Consider seeking advice from an occupational health Use, maintain and store any PPE
doctor. provided in accordance with instructions.
Appoint a responsible person to carry out periodic
skin inspections and record the findings. Further information
• Safety Data Sheets
Cleaning and housekeeping • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards,
Keep the work area tidy, clean and free of DOSH 2005
combustible materials. • Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for
Clean up spills immediately. Use an impervious apron Design, Inspection, Testing and Examination of
and new nitrile gloves 0.4 mm thick or refer to SDS Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
for appropriate PPE. Throw away gloves properly • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
once used. to Health, DOSH 2001
Plan procedure in case of a spill and communicate • Control Guidance Sheets S100, S101 and S102
Clean the workroom at least once a week. Useful links
Dispose off waste solvent, ink and empty container • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
as hazardous waste through an authorised contractor • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
by Department of Environment Training. • HSE COSHH essentials website:
71
-1
Printing with Conventional Inks
LP004


health used in Printing Industry for specified
task or process. This sheet provides good
practice for lithography printing processes
using conventional inks with or without
isopropanol (IPA) damping. It describes the key
points that need to be followed to reduce
exposure to acceptable level. It is important that
all the points are followed. Some chemicals can
also be flammable or corrosive. Therefore, the
General ventilation in a lithographic press room
information.
Special care
Dermatitis is common in printing. This is caused by
frequent contact with chemicals used in printing
Control worker entry to the work area. Limit entrance processes. Minimize skin contact with inks, reducers
to an authorised worker only. and cleaning chemicals.
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work area Deletion fluids contain hydrofluoric acid. This acid is
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. hazardous and causes serious burns. Damage to skin
and eyes can be permanent.
Equipment Provide deletion pens in place of jars of fluid.
Ensure first-aid procedures are adequate. Stock
Provide a good standard of general ventilation. Use calcium gluconate gel and keep it handy.
powered wall or window-mounted fans to supply Ensure IPA concentration as low as possible and in
fresh air; minimum of ten air changes per hour, with a any case below 10%.
through draught.
Transfer ink via fixed pipework. Otherwise consider
Maintenance
using proprietary mixing systems and automatic
cartridges to dispense inks to ducts.
advised by the supplier/installer.
Noisy or vibrating fans indicate a problem. Do repair
as necessary.
72
-1
Refer to the product label or SDS or ask PPE supplier Provide supervision to ensure that a safe work
for advice on selection of suitable PPE. procedures are followed.
PPE may be needed for some cleaning and Establish a system to monitor that all control
maintenance activities, e.g. dealing with spills. measures are in place and being followed.
Keep any PPE clean and replace at recommended
intervals. Worker’s Checklist
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid
contamination. Make sure any ventilation system is
switched on and is working.
Skin management Look for signs of leaks, wear or damage of
any equipment used. If worker finds any
Keep hands clean and in good condition. problems, inform the supervisor. Do not
If need to use hand cleansers to remove ink, ensure carry on working if there is a problem.
that the cleanser is rinsed off afterwards. Do not inspect printed sheets under a UV
Provide after-work creams (moisturisers) to replace lamp. The reflected light can be
skin oils. Never allow solvents to be used for cleaning dangerous.
skin. Wash hands before and after eating,
Consider seeking advice from an occupational health drinking or using the washroom.
doctor. Do not smoke in the work area.
Appoint a responsible person to carry out periodic Do not use solvents to clean skin.
skin inspections and record the findings. Clear up spills immediately. Follow
spillage procedure.
Cleaning and housekeeping Use, maintain and store any PPE
provided in accordance with instructions.
Keep the work area tidy, clean and free of ink
contamination. Further information
Dispose off contaminated cloths, wipes, gloves, • Safety Data Sheets
solvent, ink and empty containers as hazardous • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
waste through an authorised contractor by Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards,
Department of Environment. DOSH 2005
Store containers in a safe place, securely closed. • Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for
Handle containers with care and replace caps. Design, Inspection, Testing and Examination of
Clean up spills immediately. Use an impervious apron Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
and new nitrile gloves 0.4 mm thick or refer to SDS • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
for appropriate PPE. Throw away gloves properly to Health, DOSH 2001
once used. • Control Guidance Sheets S100, S101 and S102
with workers and execute the procedure. Useful links
Training • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
Give workers information on the risk of using the • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
chemicals. https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
Provide workers with training on: safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
• control measures; and
73
-1
Manual Cleaning of Presses
LP005


practice for manual cleaning of presses, rollers
and blanket of printing machine using cleaning
chemicals such as solvent naphta. It describes
the key points that need to be followed to
reduce exposure to acceptable level. It is
important that all the points are followed or use
equally effective measure. Some chemicals can
also be flammable or corrosive. Therefore, the General ventilation for cleaning printing press
Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more Provide fire-resisting, metal cabinets for flammable
information. liquid storage in the press area.
Workplace and access Special care
Control worker entry to the work area. Limit entrance Dermatitis is common in printing. This is caused by
to an authorised worker only. frequent contact with chemicals used in printing
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work area processes. Minimise skin contact with inks, reducers
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. and cleaning chemicals.
Solvent-based cleaners (e.g. solvent naphtha) can be
Equipment absorbed through the skin.
Avoid chemical cleaning using products based
Manual cleaning increases the risks of skin dichloromethane (methylene chloride) which is
exposure. Consider introducing automatic systems. extremely volatile.
powered wall or window-mounted fans to supply Maintenance
through draught. Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
Provide a good through draught with a fan or air as advised by the supplier/installer.
mover for work in restricted areas, e.g. removing ink Keep the equipment in effective and efficient working
from cylinders, work in dead spaces between order and good repair.
machines. Noisy or vibrating fans indicate a problem. Do repair
Use cleaning chemical with lower volatility or higher as necessary.
flash point.
Use a wiping tool in place of rags or cloths to
minimise hand wiping.
If extraction unit is fitted to the press, turn it on for
cleaning. The press should be stationary.
74
-1
Use chemical resistant gloves or refer to SDS for Provide supervision to ensure that a safe work
appropriate PPE. Typically, nitrile gloves 0.4 mm thick procedures are followed.
for use with lower volatility solvents, for no more than Establish a system to monitor that all control
eight hours are acceptable. measures are in place and being followed.
Ensure workers remove and discard damaged
gloves. Worker’s Checklist
Provide storage for PPE to prevent damage or
contamination when not in use. Make sure any ventilation system is
Provide eye protection, impervious apron and switched on and is working.
anti-static foot wear. Look for signs of leaks, wear or damage of
Respiratory protective equipment may be needed for any equipment used. If worker finds any
some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. problems, inform the supervisor. Do not
dealing with spills. carry on working if there is a problem.
Wash hands before and after eating,
Skin management drinking or using the washroom.
Do not smoke in the work area.
Keep hands clean and in good condition. Do not use solvents to clean skin.
If need to use hand cleansers to remove ink, ensure Clear up spills immediately. Follow
that the cleanser is rinsed off afterwards. spillage procedure.
Provide after-work creams (moisturisers) to replace Use, maintain and store any PPE
skin oils. Never allow solvents to be used for cleaning provided in accordance with instructions.
skin.
Consider seeking advice from an occupational health
doctor. Further information
Appoint a responsible person to carry out periodic • Safety Data Sheets
skin inspections and record the findings. • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
Cleaning and housekeeping DOSH 2005
• Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for
Design, Inspection, Testing and Examination of
Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
contamination.
• Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
Dispose off contaminated cloths, wipes, gloves,
to Health, DOSH 2001
solvent, ink and empty containers as hazardous
• Control Guidance Sheets S100, S101 and S102
waste through an authorised contractor by
Department of Environment.
Useful links
Store containers in a safe place, securely closed.
Handle containers with care and replace caps.
Clean up spills immediately. Use an impervious apron
and new nitrile gloves 0.4 mm thick or refer to SDS
for appropriate PPE. Throw away gloves properly
once used.
Training

chemicals.
conducted at least once in 2 years.
75
-1
Automated Cleaning of Presses
(Conventional Inks)
Lithography Printing LP006


practice for automatic cleaning of presses
using cleaning chemicals such as solvent
naphtha. It describes the key points that need to
be followed to reduce exposure to acceptable
level. It is important that all the points are
followed or use equally effective measure.
Some chemicals can also be flammable or
corrosive. Therefore, the controls must be Automatic cleaning for lithography printing
suitable for those hazards too. Refer to the
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more information. Maintenance
Workplace and access Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained as
advised by the supplier/installer.
Control worker entry to the work area. Limit entrance Keep the equipment in effective and efficient working
to an authorised worker only. order and good repair.
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work area Check transfer hoses and connectors regularly for
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. leaks.
Noisy or vibrating fans indicate a problem. Do repair
Equipment as necessary.
Provide a good standard of general ventilation. Use Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
fresh air; minimum of ten air changes per hour, with a Use chemical resistant gloves or refer to SDS for
through draught. appropriate PPE where there is a risk of skin contact.
Ensure the quantity of cleaning chemicals applied by Disposable nitrile gloves 0.2 mm thick are acceptable.
the automatic blanket wash system is metered to the Dispose disposable gloves once used.
minimum necessary and is altered only as Ensure workers remove and discard damaged gloves.
authorised. Provide storage for PPE to prevent damage or
Use cleaning chemical with lower volatility or higher contamination when not in use.
flash point. Respiratory protective equipment may be needed for
If extraction unit is fitted to the press, turn it on for some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g.
cleaning. The press should be stationary. dealing with spills.
Provide fire-resisting, metal cabinets for flammable
liquid storage in the press area.
76
-1
Skin management Worker’s Checklist
Keep hands clean and in good condition. Make sure any ventilation system is
If need to use hand cleansers to remove ink, ensure switched on and is working.
that the cleanser is rinsed off afterwards. Look for signs of leaks, wear or damage of
Provide after-work creams (moisturisers) to replace any equipment used. If worker finds any
skin oils. Never allow solvents to be used for cleaning problems, inform the supervisor. Do not
skin. carry on working if there is a problem.
Consider seeking advice from an occupational health Wash hands before and after eating,
doctor. drinking or using the washroom.
Appoint a responsible person to carry out periodic Do not smoke in the work area.
skin inspections and record the findings. Do not use solvents to clean skin.
Clear up spills immediately. Follow
Cleaning and housekeeping spillage procedure.
Use, maintain and store any PPE
contamination and combustible materials.
Dispose off contaminated cloths, wipes, gloves, Further information
solvent, ink and empty containers as hazardous • Safety Data Sheets
waste through an authorised contractor by • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
Department of Environment. Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards,
Minimise the amount of flammable liquid in use. Use DOSH 2005
a self-sealing container or proprietary dispenser. • Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for
Store containers in a safe place, securely closed. Design, Inspection, Testing and Examination of
Handle containers with care and replace caps. Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
Clean up spills immediately. Use an impervious apron • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
and new nitrile gloves 0.4 mm thick or refer to SDS to Health, DOSH 2001
for appropriate PPE. Throw away gloves properly • Control Guidance Sheets S100, S101 and S102
once used.
Plan procedure in case of a spill and communicate Useful links
with workers and execute the procedure. • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
Training • HSE COSHH essentials website:
chemicals.
Supervision
Provide supervision to ensure that a safe work

77
1
General Principle-Handling Concentrated
Pesticides for Protection of Plants
P001
Pest Control
This guidance sheet is aimed to guide Design - product

the Occupational Safety and Health (Use and Only buy liquid pesticide concentrates in containers
Standards of Exposure of Chemicals that are easy to pour from, that do not dribble and do
Hazardous to Health) Regulations (USECHH not trap pesticide concentrate spills in any rim.
Regulations) by controlling exposure to Only buy wettable powders in a wide-necked
chemicals and protecting workers’ health. The waterproof container from which can scoop the
sheet is part of the Simple Risk Assessment concentrate into the dilution jug.
Mixing and loading the application
It can be used as the suitable approach for equipment
handling pesticides. The sheet gives control
Portable equipment (e.g. knapsack or
measure and good practice recommendation
compression sprayer, fogger)
on exposure control. It can be applied to all
tasks in handling concentrated pesticides for Ensure the application equipment is working
protection of plants. It describes the key points without leaks before handling pesticide.
Make sure the equipment is working properly.
that need to be followed to reduce exposure to
Check carefully the calculations on the quantities to
an acceptable level. It is important that all the
mix. Make up only the required amount.
points are followed. This sheet identifies the Close the pesticide concentrate container. Do not
minimum standards to protect workers’ health. leave it unattended.
It should not be used to justify a lower standard Wipe the gloves free of concentrate before handling
of control than that which may be required by the application equipment including the cap and the
the pesticide label. That label often has detailed spray lance. Burn used wipes at the end of the day.
information, which should always be followed. Make up liquids by adding concentrate to some
Some chemicals can also be flammable or water or solvent in the application equipment. Take
corrosive. Therefore, the controls must be care not to spill pesticide concentrate on the
outside of the application equipment. Wash out the
measuring jug and put the washings into the
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more information.
application equipment and mix. Then fill with fresh
water or solvent to make the quantity of mix required.
Workplace and access Make up powders by preparing a thin paste with water
or solvent in the measuring jug, and proceed as for
Restrict access to the work area to authorised liquids. If not well dispersed, powders will block a
workers only. spray nozzle.
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. Tractor-trailed sprayer
For spraying with a tractor-trailed sprayer, the

Design - environment same guidance applies.
The best practice is to fit an induction bowl for mixing
Keep pesticides stored securely in a dry place that is and loading.
capable of retaining spills.
Post warning signs. Personal protective equipment (PPE)
Keep other people away while handling pesticide
concentrates. The working space should be wide Check the product label or SDS or ask PPE supplier to
enough to comfortably contain the equipment and help on selection of suitable PPE. If the product is
materials needed. volatile or dusty, use a respirator (refer to R001).
Handle concentrates where any spillages will Avoid contact with pesticide concentrate. Wipe off any
be caught. Do not allow concentrate to enter the splashes immediately, and wash down before taking
soil or drains. off protective equipment. Burn used wipes at the end
of the day.
78
1
If using disposable protective gloves, discard after Worker’s Checklist

finished making up the diluted solution.Throw
disposable gloves away every time after using them. If worker finds any problems, inform the
If using non-disposable gloves, wash them well in supervisor. Do not just carry on working.
soapy water before taking them off, then wash them Use and store protective equipment
inside and outside, and hang them up to dry. Throw according to instructions.
the gloves away after using them for a week even if Throw away disposable gloves every time
they are not worn out. worker takes them off.
Manage hazardous waste according to requirements Wash hands after use, and before and
by the Department of Environment. after eating, drinking, smoking and using
Wash coveralls at the end of the day. the washroom.
When PPE is not in use, keep it clean and store it in Never clean hands with concentrated
a clean, safe place, separate from normal clothing. cleaning products or solvents.
Change the PPE when it is damaged. Check skin regularly for dryness or
Training symptoms appear.
Wash coveralls at the end of the day.
chemicals. Further information
Provide workers with training on: • Safety Data Sheets
• handling chemicals safely; • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
• how to use control equipment properly and ensure Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards,
the controls is working; DOSH 2005
• when and how to use any PPE provided; • Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for
• any safe work procedure; and Design, Inspection, Testing and Examination of
• what to do if something goes wrong. Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
Training programme should be reviewed and • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
conducted at least once in two years. to Health, DOSH 2001
Supervision
Useful links
Provide supervision to ensure safe work procedure • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
are followed. • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
Establish a system to check that control measures • HSE COSHH essentials website:
are in place and being followed. https://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
79
1
Diluting Chemical Concentrates
Harm Via Skin or Eye Contact
P002
Pest Control

It can be used as the suitable approach for

tasks in diluting chemical concentrates. It
followed to reduce exposure to an acceptable
followed. This sheet identifies the minimum
standards to protect workers’ health. It should
not be used to justify a lower standard of
control than that which may be required by the
Diluting chemical concentrates
pesticide label. That label often has detailed
information, which should always be followed. Caution:
Some chemicals can also be flammable or Never decant concentrate into an unlabelled
corrosive. Therefore, the controls must be container.
suitable for those hazards too. Refer to the Never re-use a concentrate container - dispose of it
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more information. safely or return it to your supplier.
Workplace and access indoors - use a flammable store.
Procedures
Make sure there is enough room to do the job safely.
cool, dry, dark place, capable of retaining spills. Do not
where chemicals hazardous to health are used.
store far more than you need.
Reduce skin contact - workers should wash off
Equipment
splashes immediately.
Ensure that workers follow instructions for use by
Ensure the equipment used with the product works
reading the label, and make up solutions for
properly, without leaks.
immediate use only.
Provide protective gloves.
If diluting with a solvent, make sure the room is well
ventilated; five to ten air changes per hour, with a
Make sure they are aware of the following general
through draught.
guidelines:
Buy liquid chemicals in containers that are easy to
• Add liquid concentrate to diluting liquid - never the
pour from, do not dribble, and do not trap liquid in a
other way round, unless the instructions say so.
rim.
• Make a thin paste of powders with a small amount of
Try to buy solid chemicals in tablet or granule form, or
diluting liquid, then dilute as for liquids.
in wide-necked containers so it is easy to scoop out.
80
1
Put the cap back on the container immediately and Training

wipe the outside clean.
Special care chemicals.
Contact with many chemicals can lead to dermatitis, • handling chemical safely;
eye damage or asthma. Refer to the SDS (Section • how to use control equipment properly and ensure
11: Toxicological Information) for specific health the control is working;
effect. • when and how to use any PPE provided; and
Avoid products that contain hydrofluoric acid. • what to do if something goes wrong.
Take special care using caustic soda (sodium Training programme should be reviewed and
hydroxide). This can erupt when mixed with water. conducted at least once in two years.
Splashes in the eye can cause blindness.
Never add any other chemical to concentrates that Supervision
contain bleach (sodium hypochlorite solution). This
can cause a hazardous gas (chlorine) to be given off. Provide supervision to ensure that a safe work
Ask workers to check their skin for dryness or procedures are followed
soreness every six months. If these effects appear, Establish a system to monitor that all control
refer to medical practitioner. measures are in place and being followed.
If you use a product labelled ‘may cause sensitisation
by skin contact’ or ‘may cause
sensitisation by inhalation’, seek specialist advice for
appropriate control.
Maintenance Use and store protective equipment
according to instructions.
Wash out mixing equipment after use. Dispose off Throw away disposable gloves every time
waste liquid as hazardous waste through an worker take them off.
authorised contractor by the Department of Wash hands after use, and before and
Environment (DOE). after eating, drinking, smoking and using
the washroom.
Personal protective equipment (PPE) Never clean hands with concentrated
cleaning products or solvents.
Refer to the product label or SDS or ask PPE supplier Check skin regularly for dryness or
to help on selection of suitable PPE. soreness, inform supervisor if these
Provide protective gloves - disposable nitrile gloves symptoms appear.
are acceptable. If you must use latex gloves, use only Wash coveralls at the end of the day.
‘low protein, powder free’ gloves.
Throw away disposable gloves every time they are Further information
taken off. Manage hazardous waste according to • Safety Data Sheets
requirements by the DOE. Provide protective goggles • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
to protect eyes when using products that can cause Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards,
burns (e.g. acids, caustics). DOSH 2005
Cleaning and housekeeping to Health, DOSH 2001
Useful links
81
1
Ready-for-Use Insecticide
Sprays and Powder
P003
Pest Control


handling pesticides. The sheet gives good
practice advice on exposure control. It can be
applied to all tasks in ready-for-use insecticide
sprays and powder. It describes the key points
points are followed. This sheet identifies the
minimum standards to protect worker’s health.
It should not be used to justify a lower standard
of control than that which may be required by
the pesticide label. That label often has detailed
Ready-for-use insecticide sprays
information, which should always be followed.
Some chemicals can also be flammable or Never use aerosols or solvent-based trigger
corrosive. Therefore, the controls must be sprayers near a naked flame.
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more information. Personal protective equipment (PPE)
Caution : Aerosol propellants are often flammable.

Follow the instructions on product labels.
Wear protective gloves. Disposable nitrile gloves are
Design and equipment
acceptable. If latex gloves have to be used, use only
‘low-protein, powder-free’ gloves.
Never re-use empty insecticide containers. Dispose Throw away disposable gloves every time they are
of them safely according to Department of taken off.
Environment or local authority requirements.
Washing facilities are needed for decontamination Training
Show workers this sheet and check that they
Procedures
understand it.
Tell them about the risks of using the product. Refer
Store products containing chemicals securely in a product labels SDS from product supplier.
not store far more than required.
Read the instructions on labels carefully. Follow the Supervision
instructions for use.
Keep chemicals off your skin. Wash off any splashes Provide supervision to ensure that safe work
immediately. procedures are followed.
Do not direct sprays or dusts as people or animals, or Establish a system to monitor that all control
over food. measures are in place and being followed.
82
1

Use and store protective equipment
according to instructions.
Throw away disposable gloves every time
worker takes them off.
eating, drinking, smoking and using the
washroom.
cleaning products or solvents.
Check skin regularly for dryness or
symptoms appear.
Wash coveralls at the end of the day.
Further information
DOSH 2005
Useful links
83
1
Eradicating Vermin
(rats, etc)
Pest Control P004


tasks in eradicating vermin (rats, etc.). It
standards to protect worker’s health. It should
control than that which may be required by the
Eradicating vermin
information, which should always be followed. Procedures
corrosive. Therefore, the controls must be
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more information. not store far more than required.
Read instructions on labels carefully. Follow the
Workplace and access instructions for use.
Keep chemicals and mix bait on a lipped tray, to retain
Vermin control is commonly needed on farms, around
spills.
docks and in cities.
Clear up spills immediately. Absorb liquids in
Keep people and pets away while applying
granules. Scoop solids or absorbed liquids into a
rodenticides etc. and when retrieving bait or dead
marked secure container.
animals.
Avoid contact with chemicals. Wash off any splashes
Place bait to prevent access by children, pets and
immediately.
non-target animals.
Put the cap back on the container immediately.
If treating by powder blowing, help in blocking
Make a plan for the treatment. Do not over-bait.
burrows may be needed.
Make sure the air is fit to breathe before working in a
Display warning signs.
confined space (e.g. in a conveyor boot or sewer).
Do not carry out gassing treatments within ten metres
Design and equipment of dwellings.
Keep baits away from watercourses.
Ensure the equipment using the product works Scoop residues and left-over baits into a marked
properly, without leaks. secure container. Put dead animals into marked
Never re-use a rodenticide container. Dispose of it polythene bags and seal for disposal by burning.
safely or return it to supplier. Consider what information you need to give to clients.
84
1
Special care Supervision
Contact with rat urine can lead to leptospirosis (Weil’s Provide supervision to ensure safe work procedure
disease). Cover cuts and broken skin. are followed.
Establish a system to check that control measures
Personal protective equipment (PPE) are in place and being followed.
Follow the instructions on product labels. Worker’s Checklist

protective equipment. Look for signs of leaks, wear and damage.
Respiratory protective equipment (RPE) is needed Check that RPE works properly every time
when using phosphine or cyanide powders or pellets. worker put it on.
Seek advice from RPE supplier. Make sure the right If worker finds any problems, inform the
cartridge is fitted before starting work. supervisor. Do not just carry on working.
Make sure workers know how to check that RPE fits Inform clients not to interfere with bait or
correctly. Seek advice from supplier. dead animals. Inform them how to contact
Make sure that workers examine their RPE you.
thoroughly and test that it works properly every time it Wash hands after use, before and after
is used. eating, drinking, smoking and using the
If the label does not tell what PPE to use, wear cotton washroom.
coveralls, protective footwear and gloves. Disposable Clear up chemical spills promptly. Absorb
gloves are acceptable. If latex gloves have to be liquid spills in granules and dispose of
used, use only ‘low-protein, powder-free’ gloves. them safely.
Throw away disposable gloves properly every time Use and store protective equipment
take them off. according to instructions.
For phosphine or cyanide treatments, wipe down the Throw away single-use gloves every time
respirator, clothing and equipment with a damp cloth worker takes them off.
before taking RPE off. Check your skin regularly for dryness or
Workers must not take work clothing home for soreness - inform supervisor if these
washing. Wash separately. symptoms appear.
Health advice Further information

Instruct workers to check their skin for dryness or • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
soreness every six months. If these effects appear, Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards,
check the proper use of PPE. DOSH 2005
Workers must tell their doctor that they work with rats • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
if they develop flu-like symptoms. to Health, DOSH 2001
Training
Useful links
Give workers information on the risk of using the • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
chemicals. • HSE COSHH essentials website:
Provide workers with training on: https://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
• handling chemicals safely; • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
• how to use control equipment properly and ensure https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
the controls is working; safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
• when and how to use any PPE provided;
• any safe work procedure;
• what to do if something goes wrong;
• how to clear up spills, bait and dead animals safely;
and
• how to inform clients about the risks.
85
1
Fogging and Misting Using Space Sprayers
P005
Pest Control


tasks in fogging and misting using space
sprayers. It describes the key points that need
to be followed to reduce exposure to an
points are followed. This sheet identifies the
minimum standards to protect workers’ health.
It should not be used to justify a lower standard
Fogging and misting equipment
the pesticide label. That label often has detailed
information, which should always be followed. Procedures
Pesticide spraying shall be carried out by licensed
pest control operator as stipulated in the Pesticides
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more information. Act.
If possible, buy products in a ready-for-use solution.
Workplace and access Store products containing chemicals securely in a
Fogging and misting is common in food preparation not store far more than required.
areas, in warehouses, animal housing and garden Read the instructions on labels carefully. Follow the
centres. instructions for use.
Clear the treatment area of people before starting Close doors and windows, and turn off ventilation
work. Keep the area vacated for at least 30 minutes. systems before starting the treatment.
Display warning signs. Start work furthest from the exit and work towards the
exit. Keep respiratory protective equipment (RPE) on
Design and equipment until you have left the treatment area.
Avoid contact with surfaces until they are dry.
Clean up spills promptly. Plan procedure in case of a
Ensure the spraying works properly, without leaks.
spill and communicate with workers and execute the
Do not decant treatment fluid into an unlabelled
procedure.
container.
Consider what information needs to give to clients.
Do not re-use a treatment fluid container. Dispose of
Check the wind, if too strong do not spray.
it safely, not by burning.
Where possible spray down wind.
Avoid walking through sprayed area.
indoors. Use a chemical store.
Ensure the correct coverage is sprayed on the target.
86
1
Do not smoke while spraying. If the product is labelled as ‘may cause sensitisation
Avoid over spray. by skin contact’ or ‘may cause sensitisation by
inhalation’, seek medical practitioner advice.
Special care
Personal Hygiene
Contact with many chemicals can lead to skin
soreness, itching, rashes, and blistering (dermatitis). Wash hands and face and remove protective
Some can also damage the eyes. equipment before eating, drinking or smoking.
Some products may cause asthma. Refer to the SDS If get spray on skin, immediately wash the
(Section 11: Toxicological Information). contaminated spot with plenty of soap and water.
Contaminated equipment and clothes should also be
Maintenance removed and washed as soon as possible.
On finishing spraying, take a bath and put on clean
clothes. It is also necessary to make sure that the
working clothes are washed.
as advised by supplier/installer, in effective and
Wash hands before and after visiting the toilet.
efficient working order and good repair.
Maintain system at least on monthly basis.
Wash out the equipment after use. Dispose off this Training
waste liquid safely.
Cleaning and housekeeping chemicals.
• handling chemicals safely;
Keep the work area tidy and clean.
Deal with spills immediately. This needs coveralls,
the controls is working;
RPE and disposable gloves.
• any safe work procedure; and
• what to do if something goes wrong;
Dispose of waste container and contaminated gloves
as hazardous waste through an authorised contractor
by Department of Environment.
Supervision
Provide supervision to ensure safe work procedure
Follow the instructions on product labels. are followed.
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable Establish a system to check that control measures
protective equipment. are in place and being followed.
RPE is needed. Seek advice from RPE supplier.
Replace RPE filters as recommended by the supplier.
Throw away disposable RPE after one use.
Ensure RPE fits correctly. Seek advice from your
supplier.
Ensure that workers examine their RPE thoroughly
and test that it works properly every time it is used.
Keep RPE on until workers have left the work area.
Wear protective gloves. Disposable nitrile gloves are
acceptable. If workers must use latex gloves, use
only ‘low-protein, powder-free’ gloves.
Throw away single-use disposable gloves every time
workers take them off.
Use protective goggles to protect eyes.
Wear a hooded coverall. Cotton or porous
polypropylene is probably the best material.
Health advice
Ask workers to check their skin for dryness or

soreness every six months. If these effects appear,
check the proper use of PPE.
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1
Further information
Is the treatment area vacated? • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
Check for signs of leaks, wear and Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards,
damage. DOSH 2005
Check that your RPE works properly • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
every time you put it on. to Health, DOSH 2001
If you finds any problems, tell your • Control Guidance Sheets S100, S101 and S102
Wash your hands after use, and before Useful links
and after eating, drinking, smoking and • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
using the washroom. • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
Clear up chemical spills promptly. Follow • HSE COSHH essentials website:
spillage procedure. https://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
Use and store your protective equipment • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
according to instructions. https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
Throw away single-use gloves every time safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
you take them off.
Check your skin regularly for dryness or
soreness. Tell your supervisor if these
symptoms appear.
88
1
Storing Pesticides Products

P006
Pest Control

Regulations) by controlling exposure to Smaller containers
and Control for Chemicals (SiRAC). Labels facing
forward

measure and good practice recommendation Lipped tray to
on exposure control. It can be applied to all contain spills
tasks in storing pesticides products. It
level. It is important that all the points are Large containers

standards to protect worker’s health. It should
control than that which may be required by the Illustration for small scale storage
information, which should always be followed. Personal protective equipment (PPE)
corrosive. Therefore, the controls must be Follow the instructions on product labels.
suitable for those hazards too. Refer to the Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more information. protective equipment.
In case of a spill, respiratory protective equipment
Workplace and access (RPE) may be needed. Seek advice from RPE
supplier.
Ensure that only trained workers have access to Provide protective gloves. Disposable nitrile gloves
stored chemical products. Keep the storage are acceptable. If latex gloves have to be used, use
container locked. only ‘low-protein, powder-free’ gloves.
Provide good washing facilities. Throw away disposable gloves properly every time
they are taken off.
Equipment
Procedures
Keep the storage area well ventilated; minimum of
ten air changes per hour with a through draught. Keep apart:
Keep a spill cleanup kit nearby. Ask supplier for • solid and liquid products;
advice. • flammable and non-flammable liquids;
Do not decant concentrate into an unlabelled • acids and alkalis; and
container. • wastes.
Do not re-use a concentrate container. Store products containing chemicals securely in a
Dispose of it safely or return it to the supplier. cool, dry, dark place, capable of keeping in spills. Do
Do not store more than 50 litres of flammable liquid not store far more than required.
indoors. Use a flammable cabinet. Store containers so their labels face forwards.
Store heavier items and corrosive chemicals on lower
shelves.
89
1
Ensure that containers are easy to pour from, do not
dribble and do not trap liquid in a rim.
Try to buy solid chemicals in tablet form, or in a If worker finds any problems, inform the
wide-necked container such that it is easy to scoop supervisor. Do not just carry on working.
out granules. Clear up spills straight away. Follow
Do not store chemicals in open containers. spillage procedure.
Special Care eating, drinking, smoking and using the
washroom.
Contact with many chemicals can lead to skin Never clean hands with concentrated
soreness and itching, rashes, blistering (dermatitis). cleaning products or solvent.
Some can also damage the eyes.
Further information
Cleaning and housekeeping • Safety Data Sheets
Keep the storage area clean and well organised. Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH 2005
Clear up spills immediately. Absorb liquids in • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous to
granules. Scoop solids or absorbed liquids into a Health, DOSH 2001
marked secure container. • Control Guidance Sheets S100, S101 and S102.
Plan procedure in case of a spill and communicate Useful links
Dispose of hazardous waste through an authorised
contractor by Department of Environment (DOE).
Training • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
Give workers information on the risk of using the safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
chemicals.
• how to use control equipment properly and
ensure the controls is working;
Supervision

are followed.
are in place and being followed.
90
1
Disposing of Pesticide Wastes

P007
Pest Control
This guidance sheet is aimed to guide Diluted pesticides wastes

the Occupational Safety and Health (Use and Do not dump unused diluted pesticide. Spray the crop
Standards of Exposure of Chemicals or area again until the container is empty.
Hazardous to Health) Regulations (USECHH Wash the container inside with clean water, and spray
Regulations) by controlling exposure to this also.
sheet is part of the Simple Risk Assessment Pesticide waste containers
Wash out containers with water and use the washings
It can be used as the suitable approach for in making up diluted pesticide for application.
measure and good practice recommendation Metal containers
tasks in disposing of pesticide wastes, which Do not re-use metal pesticide containers.
includes pesticide containers. It describes the Do not cut metal containers.
Dispose as hazardous waste through an authorised
key points that need to be followed to reduce
contractor by DOE.
that all the points are followed. Some chemicals Glass containers
Do not re-use glass pesticide containers.
too. Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for Dispose as hazardous waste through an authorised
more information. This sheet identifies the contractor by DOE.
minimum standards to protect workers’ health.
It should not be used to justify a lower standard Plastic containers
the pesticide label. That label often has detailed Do not re-use plastic pesticide containers.
information, which should always be followed. Dispose as hazardous waste through an authorised
contractor by DOE.
Protective equipment
workers only. Throw disposable gloves away every time you take
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas them off.
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. If you use non-disposable gloves, wash them well in
Keep wastes in secure storage. Lock them away in a soapy water before taking them off, then wash them
place free from moisture and sunlight. inside and outside, and hang them up to dry. Throw
Ensure that the store can hold back spillages. these gloves away after using them for a week, even
Ensure the waste container is labelled. if they are not worn out.
Plans for what to do in case of waste spillage. When PPE is not in use, keep it clean and store it in a
clean, safe place, separate from normal clothing.
Concentrates pesticide wastes Change the PPE when it is damaged.
If possible, use up the concentrate pesticide. Cleaning and housekeeping

Otherwise it should be disposed waste according to
Department of Environment (DOE) requirements
through an authorised contractor. Seal waste into labelled containers. Do not mix
different chemicals in the same container.
Do not re-use a pesticide concentrate container.
91
1
Collect water from washing the spray nozzles and Further information
spray boom and dispose off it safely. • Safety Data Sheets
Park tractors and sprayers where rainwater run-off • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
and tractor washings will not enter watercourses. Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH 2005
• Control Guidance Sheets 101, 204, 302, S100, S101,
Training S102 and R001
Useful links
chemicals.
• how to detect and deal with leaks.
Supervision

Establish a system to monitor that control measures
are in place and are being followed.
92
3
Respiratory Protective Equipment (RPE)

R001
Control Approach R
This guidance sheet is aimed to guide Suitability for chemicals

the Occupational Safety and Health (Use and Select RPE with a filter designed to protect against the
Standards of Exposure of Chemicals exposure to chemicals. For example, a dust filter will
Hazardous to Health) Regulations (USECHH not protect against the solvent vapour from paint. A
Regulations) by controlling exposure to solvent vapour filter will not protect against the acid
chemicals and protecting workers’ health. The gases from a plating bath.
sheet is part of the Simple Risk Assessment Careful when selecting filters to protect against gases
and vapours as some of these only work for a small
range of chemicals.
This sheet is used alongside Control

Suitability for task
Approaches 1 - 4 where the assessment
allocates a chemical that can cause harm by Ensure that the RPE is able to reduce the
inhalation. This sheet gives general advice on contamination in the breathing air to a safe level. The
the selection and use of respiratory protective amount of work the filter has to do is called its
equipment that need to be considered for protection factor. A filter with a protection factor of 10
chemicals that can cause harm by inhalation. It is able to reduce the concentration of hazardous
describes the key points that need to be material in the breathing air to one tenth of the
followed to help reduce exposure to an concentration outside of the RPE. Different types of
acceptable level. It is important that all the RPE have different protection factors.
points are followed. Refer to the Safety Data Filters will only work for a limited time. Check with the
supplier or in the instructions to find out how long the
Sheet (SDS) for more information.
RPE could be worn before the filter needs changing.
Only wear disposable RPE once.
Respiratory protective equipment (RPE)
Suitability for wearer
RPE is specially designed equipment that is worn
over the mouth and nose (or sometimes a larger part
Certain types of RPE will not be effective on a person
of the body such as the head) to help protect against
who has a beard or not clean shaven. Choose another
breathing in hazardous chemicals such as dusts,
type of RPE such as one that covers the whole head.
fumes and gases.
Ensure that the glasses, hearing protection or a hard
There are two main types:
hat do not interfere or get between the RPE and skin.
• Respirator works by filtering the air as worker
Different sizes of RPE are available. Different people
breathe it in. They should not be worn in
will need different sizes or shapes of masks to work
oxygen deficient areas or areas where the filtered
efficiently for them. To check that an RPE mask fits,
air may still be dangerous. The acceptable
put it on, cover the filter and breathe in. The mask
concentration of oxygen is 19.5 – 22%.
should suck down and stay there for ten seconds
• Breathing apparatus supplies breathable air from
whilst worker holding his breath. If it does not, check it
an independent source to the worker.
is fitted correctly and try again. If it still does not, try
another size.
Selection of RPE If it is required need to wear RPE for a job, keep it on
all the time. Taking it off for a few seconds to speak will
RPE should be suitable for the chemicals being seriously reduce the protection it provides.
used, the task and the worker. Consult PPE supplier
for assistance in choosing the correct RPE. Maintenance
Only use properly designed RPE. Look for
compliance with a recognised standards.
Scarf or handkerchief should not be used as RPE. If the RPE has a replaceable filter, ensure that it is
changed regularly before its workable life runs out.
Reusable RPE requires cleaning with warm soapy
water after each use.
93
3
Check straps, face piece and seals for signs of Further information
deterioration. Replace if there are signs of damage or • Safety Data Sheets
hardening. • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
Storage • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH 2005
Store RPE in a safe place, away from contamination.
Useful links
Store the RPE in a clean location where it would not
get damaged.
Store rubber based RPE out of direct sunlight as it
will shorten its usable life.
Training
Make sure that workers know how to:

• check the RPE is working properly before put it on;
• check face fit;
• replace worn or defective parts;
• change filter;
• maintain and store; and
• check the RPE’s limitations.
Instruct workers to throw away disposable RPE after
use.
Tell workers to stop work and leave the area if they
think their RPE is not working properly.
The RPE supplier may be able to advice on training.
94
4
General Advice
S100
Control Approach S Chemicals causing harm via skin or eye contact
Supplementary Advice
This guidance sheet is aimed to guide Exposure control

the Occupational Safety and Health (Use and Consider substituting a safer chemical or product. If
Standards of Exposure of Chemicals chemical substitution is not possible, reduce the
Hazardous to Health) Regulations (USECHH chance of contact with skin or eyes.
Regulations) by controlling exposure to Reduce the chance of contact with skin or eyes:
chemicals and protecting workers’ health. The • modify the process to minimise handling;
sheet is part of the Simple Risk Assessment • change the physical form e.g. from dusty powders to
granules, or from liquids to pastes;
• segregate clean and dirty areas to reduce the spread
of contamination;
This sheet is used alongside Control • provide smooth, impervious, easily cleaned
Approaches 1 - 4 where the assessment surfaces;
allocates a chemical to hazard group S i.e. • launder work clothing regularly;
where chemicals can cause harm in contact • provide clean washrooms, with pre-work creams and
with skin and eyes. This sheet provides general after-work creams for skin care;
advice on the factors that need to be • inform workers about the risk and good personal
considered for a chemical allocated to hazard hygiene;
group S. It describes the key points that need to • check skin for dryness or soreness regularly;
• clean the workroom regularly;
be followed to help reduce exposure to an
• provide eye protection where there are splash risks;
acceptable level. It is important that all the and
points are followed. Some chemicals can also • plan how to deal with spillages swiftly and safely.
be flammable or corrosive. Therefore, the Workers should wash their hands before and after
controls must be suitable for those hazards too. eating, drinking, smoking, using the washroom or
Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more applying cosmetics.
information. Refer Sheet S101 for advice on selecting protective
gloves and S102 for other PPE.
Contact with skin and eyes
Containment
Group S covers chemicals that can damage the skin
and/or eyes, or enter the body through the skin and Prepare a written method statement and use a Permit
cause harm. This may be in addition to causing harm to Work before breaching containment. If necessary,
by being breathed in. Contact with skin and eyes can use PPE and RPE.
be a particularly problematic type of exposure, and Seek advice from a health and safety professional if
controls in addition to those in guidance sheets in the there are uncertainties.
100, 200 and 300 series may be needed.
Consider how group S chemicals can come into Personal protective equipment (PPE)
contact with the skin and eyes. This can occur:
• when the skin comes into direct contact with a liquid In situations where contact with chemicals in hazard
or solid, e.g. by immersion; group S is unavoidable, the use of PPE may be
• when dust or vapour/spray particles settle on the appropriate. However, PPE has a number of
skin. The dust or vapour may be generated as part limitations:
of the work activity or may be incidental to it; • it has to be selected carefully (further
• by touching dirty surfaces; information on the selection of PPE is given in S100,
• by touching or removing dirty clothing or gloves; S101, and S102);
and • it may limit mobility or communication;
• by splashing or swallowing. • its continued effectiveness depends on proper
Once contamination has got onto the hands, it may maintenance, training and adherence to good
be spread to other parts of the body by rubbing or working practices;
scratching. • It should only be considered if other measures are
impracticable.
95
4
Wear two layers of clothing to reduce the amount of
chemicals reaching the skin.
If using external laundry service, warn them what Check equipment for damage both before
chemicals are on the clothing. and after use.
Throw away disposable protective gloves the end of Inform supervisor if anything wrong.
the workday, or the end of the job, whichever is Keep all chemicals off the skin. Wash
shorter. Disposal of hazardous waste according to hands after touching surfaces that may be
requirements by the Department of Environment contaminated.This includes PPE.
(DOE). Cooperate with employer’s procedures for
Use eye protection if dust or splashes of liquid could personal hygiene.
reach the eye. Do not take home work clothing
(coveralls, gloves, footwear).
Training
Monitoring Avoid skin contact with chemicals.
Cooperate with biological monitoring.
Biological monitoring may be needed if workers are
taking up chemicals through the skin. Specialist Further information
advice is needed to decide if biological monitoring • Safety Data Sheets
could apply. Refer ‘Further Information’. • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH 2005
• Guidance on Medical Surveillance, DOSH 2001
Useful links
96
4
Selecting Protective Gloves

S101
Control Approach S
This guidance sheet is aimed to guide Wet-work (hand immersion, particularly multiple
employers to comply with the requirements of short-term immersions using soap or detergent) is
the Occupational Safety and Health (Use and also associated with dermatitis.
Hazardous to Health) Regulations (USECHH Maintenance
chemicals and protecting workers’ health. The Gloves cannot be ‘maintained’. They nearly always
sheet is part of the Simple Risk Assessment become contaminated inside the second time they
are put on. Contamination works through the glove
even while it is not being worn. Disposable gloves
might offer better protection.
This sheet is used alongside Control No glove is tested to give more than 8 hours’
Approaches 1 - 4 where the assessment protection against chemical permeation. Wear and
allocates a chemical to hazard group S i.e. tear, stretching and abrasion are not included in any
where chemicals can cause harm in contact testing.
with skin. This sheet provides general advice Throw away ‘disposable’ gloves when they are taken
on the factors that need to be considered for a off.
chemical allocated to hazard group S. It Throw away chemical-protective gloves if damaged.
followed to help reduce exposure to an Training and supervision
points are followed. Some chemicals can also Most workers do not know how to take off or put on
be flammable or corrosive. Therefore, the contaminated gloves safely. Ask the glove supplier for
controls must be suitable for those hazards too. training.
Consider having a designated area for putting on and
taking off gloves.
information. Clean this area regularly.
Inform workers:
It is important to follow all the points, or use • where possible, to wipe gloves clean before taking
equally effective measures. them off;
• to only use ‘disposable’ gloves once;
Selection of chemical protective gloves. • to store clean gloves in a place free from
Expert advice from the PPE supplier or manufacturer contamination;
or from a health and safety professional may be • to wash their hands after taking off protective gloves;
needed. and
Incorrect selection or misuse of protective gloves can • to dispose off contaminated gloves safely as
lead to skin disease including dermatitis, burns or hazardous waste.
serious ill health, and waste money.
Involve workers in selecting protective gloves. Further information
Refer to the Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for all • Safety Data Sheets.
chemical products. • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
Fill in Form Selection of Protective Gloves and show Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
it, with SDS to PPE supplier. 2005
Check if the wearer has any skin condition that would
Useful links
affect their wearing of protective gloves. If so, consult
an occupational health doctor. • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
Chemicals can absorb through coated gloves with a • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
knitted liner and cuffs onto exposed skin within • HSE COSHH essentials website: https://www.hse.
seconds. gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
If latex gloves have to be used, then use only ‘low • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
protein, powder free’ gloves. http://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
97
4
Form Selection of Protective Gloves
Fill in the selection table below and show it, with Safety Data Sheets, to PPE supplier.
Information to help PPE supplier
Task / Job name

(one activity only – e.g. clearing spill)
Name of chemicals/hazardous
ingredients
Physical form of product

Gas Liquid
Solid Paste
Other
If a solid, dustiness High Medium Low

If a liquid, boiling point °C Water-based
Temperature the product is used at? Room temperature °C
How long does the task take? ___ hours / ___ minutes
How many times a day? ___ times
What hand contact (worst case)? Dipped Splashed Touch contact

How far does the contamination get? Hands Forearms Above elbow
Are there other hazards? Hot Cold Sharp
Abrasive Electric shock
Other
Important!
What range of glove sizes needed?
Is special sensitivity or dexterity Yes No
needed for the job?
98
4
Selecting Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

S102
Control Approach S

This sheet covers protective clothing except

gloves (refer sheet S101). It is important to
follow all the points, or use equally effective
measures.
Selection of protective clothing and other PPE
Expert advice from PPE supplier or manufacturer or

from a health and safety professional may be
needed. No materials offer protection against all
chemicals. Any chemical will break through protective
materials over a period of time. The buildup of
contamination on PPE makes skin contact more Selecting of PPE
likely.
Incorrect selection or misuse can lead to skin disease What needs protecting - what skin is
including dermatitis, burns or serious ill health, and likely to be exposed?
waste money.
To determine the appropriate personal protective
equipment, refer to Safety Data Sheet (Section The four most common forms of protective clothing
8 : Exposure Control and Personal Protection). are:
• hands and forearms - chemical protective gloves
(refer sheet S101);
Planning and preparation • head and body - hooded coveralls or overalls,
aprons;
The PPE chosen must be compatible with all other • face and eyes - face visors, goggles; and
PPE that is needed, such as respiratory protective • feet, lower legs - protective footwear.
equipment (RPE), hard hat or ear muffs.
Continued effectiveness depends on proper training Coveralls
in use, cleaning and maintenance, and having good
working practices.
Instruct workers to wear clothing under coveralls. Two
Ask the PPE supplier/manufacturer or a safety and
layers of clothing reduce the amount that gets through
health professional how often the PPE needs to be
to the skin. Air impermeable coveralls can give high
changed. Make sure that the equipment is changed
levels of chemical protection, but can draw dusts and
when necessary.
mists inside the clothing at neck, arm and ankle.
Use, clean and maintain coveralls in accordance with
Caution: PPE may reduce mobility, limit
the manufacturer’s instruction. Throw away
communication and increase heat stress.
disposable coveralls, as hazardous waste, at the end
of the shift or particular job.
Manage hazardous waste according to requirements
by the Department of Environment.
99
4
Eye and face protection Worker’s Checklist
Eye and face protection may be needed for Check the equipment for damage both
protection against impact, dusts, mist, gases and before and after use.
vapours as well as chemical splashes. Seek expert Clean reusable PPE after every use in
advice from the PPE supplier or manufacturer, or a accordance with manufacturer’s
safety and health professional. instructions.
If workers wear a full-face respirator that also Never wash chemically contaminated
provides eye and face protection, ensure that this is PPE at home.
included in the manufacturing standard. Use disposable PPE once only. Throw it
away after use.
Protective footwear Change reusable overalls regularly, at
least once a week.
Need to provide protective footwear against safety Store PPE in a clean cupboard or locker.
hazards, e.g. static, crushing, heat, and Avoid contaminating the skin when taking
spike-penetration. off protective clothing and footwear.
Some chemicals penetrate leather very easily. Inform Try not to spread chemical contamination
supplier what chemicals are used. Wear wellington around.
boots if chemicals or products could come into Never use compressed air to remove dust
contact with the lower leg or drop into shoes. from PPE.
Training and supervision Further information

Train workers how to keep exposures low, how to use • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
the PPE, and what to do if something goes wrong. Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
Provide facilities to keep clean clothing and dirty work 2005
clothing apart. Check that workers use, clean and
store their PPE properly. Useful links
100
General Ventilation
G100
General Ventilation
Control Approach 1
(

This sheet is used where the assessment

recommends Control Approach 1 (General
ventilation) as the suitable approach for
chemical(s) and task(s). This sheet provides
control measure and good practice
recommendation on using general ventilation,
and can be applied to a range of tasks involving
small, medium or large scale use of solids and
liquids. It describes the key points that need to
Types of ventilation
controls must be suitable for those hazards too. venting through airbricks, grills or louvres, or a more
Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more complex ducted air supply and removal system.
information. Ensure that supplied or make-up air comes from an
uncontaminated area.
Workplace and access Ensure that enough fresh air is supplied to dilute and
remove the dust or vapour produced. Range of 5 - 15
Restrict access to the work area to authorised air changes per hour are recommended.
workers only. Discharge air away from doors, windows and other air
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas inlets.
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. With vapours, re-circulation is not recommended.
Ensure, where possible, that air comes from a fresh
Design and equipment source, flows past the worker and then past the work
activity to the extraction point.
Provide a good standard of general ventilation. This
Maintenance
can be natural ventilation from doors, windows etc, or
controlled, where air is supplied or removed by a
powered fan. Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
Ensure all powered fans are appropriate for the as advised by the supplier/installer in effective and
contaminants being controlled, i.e. suitable for efficient working order.
explosive, corrosive and flammable substances.
If work in a shop or office, natural ventilation will
normally be enough to control dusts and vapours
from cleaning materials etc.
If work in a factory, controlled general ventilation
normally will be needed to remove contaminated air
and make it up with clean replacement air. This can
be a wall-mounted fan to extract or supply air, with
101
Inspection, testing and examination Supervision

(if a ventilation system is provided)
Provide supervision to ensure safe work procedures
Get information on the design performance of the are followed.
ventilation equipment from the supplier. Keep this Establish a system to monitor that control measures
(
information to compare with future test results. are in place and being followed.
Inspect the equipment at least once a month to
ensure the equipment is functioning properly and Worker’s Checklist
effectively.
Ensure the ventilation equipment is examined and Make sure the room is well ventilated, and
tested against its performance specification by any extraction or air supply is switched on
hygiene technician at least every 12 months. and working.
The effectiveness of the ventilation system can be Look for signs of damage, wear or poor
checked by monitoring of airborne chemicals where operation of any equipment used. If you
appropriate. finds any problems, tell your supervisor.
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least Do not carry on working if you think there
five years. is a problem.
Wash your hands before and after eating,
Cleaning and housekeeping drinking or using the washroom.
Do not use solvents to clean your skin.
Clean work equipment and the work area daily. Clean Clear up spills immediately. Follow
other equipment and the workroom regularly, once a spillage procedure
week is recommended.
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case Further information
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute • Safety Data Sheets
the procedure. • Guidelines on Monitoring of Airborne Contaminant
Do not clean up with a dry brush or compressed air. for Chemicals Hazardous to Health, DOSH 2002
Vacuum dry dust or use wet cleaning method. • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
Store containers in a safe place and dispose off Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
empty containers safely (refer CGS G101). 2005
Put lids on containers immediately after use. • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
Personal protective equipment (PPE) • Control Guidance Sheets G101, G102, G103, S100,
S101 and S102
Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin
Useful links
and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101 and S102 for
more specific advice.
Refer to the product label or SDS or ask PPE supplier
for advice on selection of suitable PPE. Keep any
PPE clean, and replace at recommended intervals.
contamination.
Training

chemicals.
102
General Storage
G101
General Ventilation
Control Approach 1
(


recommendation on storing small, medium and
large quantities of solids and liquids. It
adequate level. It is important that all the points
are followed. Some chemicals can also be
Types of storage
must be suitable for those hazards too. Refer to
the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more Small packages
information. Small packages should be stored in a suitable storage
cabinet.
Workplace and access Use removable trays within cabinets to contain leaks
and spills, and to make cleaning easier.
Restrict access to the work area to authorised Store chemicals that react readily together in separate
workers only. cabinets.
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas Address flammability hazards if refrigerators for
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. storage are used.
Sacks and drums

Design and equipment Make sure spills can be contained, e.g. by using sump
pallets or having kerbed areas.
General design aspects Store chemicals that react readily together at least
Define a specific area for storage and put up clear three meters apart.
signs.
Ensure the area is spacious, organised, well lit and Silos
ventilated. Provide dust filtration for air displaced from the silo
Provide enough space to easily deal with spills. during filling.
Label all containers, including partly used ones. Put barriers around the silo to prevent damage, e.g.
Floors should be impervious, resistant to liquids and by fork-lift trucks.
easy to clean. Individually label feed lines.
Keep easily ignitable materials, such as empty Consider the need for explosion relief for combustible
packaging, in a separate store room and oxidising solids and ensure that equipment is appropriately
chemicals in dedicated buildings. earthed.
Ask chemical supplier for specific advice on which Make sure spills can be contained, e.g. by bunding to
chemicals to store separately from others. hold 110% of the volume of the largest container.
103
Maintenance • when and how to use any PPE provided;

as advised by the supplier/ installer in effective and
efficient working order.
(
Adopt a ‘permit to work’ system for maintenance work
on storage tanks and silos. Supervision
Follow any special procedures that are needed
before opening or entering storage tanks and silos, Provide supervision to ensure safe work procedures
e.g. purging and washing. are followed.
Inspection, testing and examination are in place and being followed.
Oversee handling of leaks and spills, and disposal of
any materials.
Inspect the storage area at least once a week for
signs of leaks or damage.
Ensure the ventilation in the storage area is Worker’s Checklist
adequate.
Make sure any ventilation system is
Cleaning and housekeeping switched on and is working.
Do not stack materials against air vents,
grills etc. Handle all packages and
Clean work equipment and the storage area daily.
containers carefully to minimize spills.
Clean up spills promptly. Plan procedure in case of a
Look for signs of leaks, wear or damage in
spill and communicate with workers and execute the
the storage area. If worker finds any
procedure.
problems, tell the supervisor. Stop
Repackage any damaged or leaking packages away
working if there is a problem.
from the main storage area, or dispose off them
Use handling aids to move sacks and
safely.
drums.
Do not clean up with a dry brush or compressed air.
Vacuum dry dust or use wet cleaning method.
spillage procedures.
Dispose off empty containers safely according to the
For solids, use vacuum cleaning or wet
Department of Environment (DOE) regulations.
mopping. Dispose off spills safely.
Make sure ignition sources such as smoking,
electrical power, vehicles and battery charging are
drinking or using the washroom.
tightly controlled.
Do not use solvents to clean skin.
Personal protective equipment (PPE) provided in accordance with instructions.

and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and Further information
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101 and S102 for • Safety Data Sheets
more specific advice. • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
Refer to the product label or SDS or ask PPE supplier Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
for advice on selection of suitable PPE. 2005
Respiratory protective equipment may be needed for • Industry Code of Practice for Safe Working in a
some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. Confined Space, DOSH 2010
dealing with spills. • Guidelines on Storage of Hazardous Chemicals:
Keep any PPE clean and replace it as recommended. A Guide for Safe Warehousing of Packaged
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid Hazardous Chemicals, DOSH 2005
contamination. • Control Guidance Sheets G103, G204, G302, S100,
S101, S102 and R001
Training Useful links
chemicals. • HSE COSHH essentials website: https://www.hse.
Provide workers with training on: gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
the controls are working; safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
104
Open Bulk Storage

G102
General Ventilation
Control Approach 1
(

Air out
This sheet is use where the assessment
recommendation on the open storage of large
quantities of solids. It describes the key points
Open bulk storage
more information.
Maintenance

Workplace and access as advised by the supplier/installer, in effective and
workers only. Cleaning and housekeeping
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. Clean work equipment and the work area outside the
defined storage area daily. Clean other equipment
Design and equipment and the workroom regularly, once a week is
recommended.
Do not have warehouse openings that face into the Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case
prevailing wind. of a spill and communicate with workers and execute
Define a specific area for storage and put up clear the procedure.
signs. Do not clean up with a dry brush or compressed air.
Position an air extraction system as close as possible Vacuum dry dust or use wet cleaning method.
to the source of the dust (refer figure).
Clearly segregate different stockpiles. Personal protective equipment (PPE)
Keep easily ignitable materials, such as empty
packaging, in a separate store room. Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin
Provide partitions to stop dust spreading through the and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and
building. cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101 and S102 for
Provide tarpaulins or plastic covers for stockpiles not more specific advice.
in use. Refer to the product label or SDS or ask PPE supplier
105
Respiratory protective equipment may be needed for

some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g.
cleaning up spills.
When moving materials make sure the
storage area is well ventilated, and any
intervals.
extraction or air supply is switched on and
(
is working.
contamination.
Re-cover stockpiles not in use with
tarpaulins/plastic covers where provided.
Training When stockpiles are not in use, keep
doors and windows shut whenever
Give workers information on the risk of using the possible to prevent draughts and the
chemicals. spread of contamination.
Provide workers with training on: Look for signs of damage, wear or poor
• handling chemicals safely; operation of any equipment used. If
• how to use control equipment properly and ensure worker finds any problems, inform the
the control is working; supervisor. Do not carry on working if
• when and how to use any PPE provided; there is a problem.
• any safe work procedure; and Wash hands before and after eating,
• what to do if something goes wrong. drinking or using the washroom.
Training programme should be reviewed and Clear up spills immediately. Follow
conducted at least once in two years. spillage procedures.
Supervision provided in accordance with instructions.
Provide supervision to ensure safe work procedure is Further information

followed. • Safety Data Sheets
Establish a system to monitor that control measures • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
are in place and being followed. Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
2005
• Control Guidance Sheets G101, G103, S100, S101,
S102 and R001
Useful links
106
Removing Waste from a Dust Extraction Unit

G103
General Ventilation
Control Approach 1
(


advice on removing waste from a dust
extraction or air cleaning unit. It describes the
important that all the points are followed. Some
Therefore, the controls must be suitable for
those hazards too. Refer to the Safety Data
Removing waste from a dust extraction unit
Maintenance
Restrict access to the work area to authorised as advised by the supplier/installer in effective and
workers only. efficient working order.
Inspection, testing and examination
Get information on the design performance of the
extraction unit from the supplier. Keep this information
Where possible, locate the dust extraction unit
to compare with future test results.
outside of the main working area, but away from
Inspect associated ventilation equipment is in working
draughts and the prevailing wind.
order, at least once a month.
Consider the need for explosion relief for
Ensure the ventilation equipment is examined and
combustible solids and ensure that equipment is
tested against its performance specification by
appropriately earthed.
hygiene technician at least every 12 months.
Determine how often the waste bin will require
The effectiveness of the ventilation system can be
emptying.
checked by monitoring of airborne chemicals where
Consider how the bin will be moved for emptying and
appropriate.
provide mechanical help if necessary.
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least
Manage hazardous waste according to requirements
five years.
by the Department of Environment (DOE).
107
Cleaning and housekeeping Worker’s Checklist
Ensure the bin is emptied on a regular basis. Empty the bin on a regular basis, as per
Do not allow the waste bin to overfill. instructions, and before it overfills.
Provide a lid to put on the waste bin when it is moved. Stand upwind when removing the waste
(
Clean work equipment and the work area outside the bin from the extraction unit.
defined storage area daily. Clean other equipment Put the lid on the bin before moving it.
regularly, once a week is recommended. Empty the waste bin carefully and keep
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case the tipping height as low as possible to
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute avoid creating dust clouds.
the procedure. Look for signs of damage, wear or poor
Do not clean up with a dry brush or compressed air. operation of any equipment used. If
Vacuum dry dust or use wet mop. worker finds any problems, inform the
supervisor. Do not carry on working if
Personal protective equipment (PPE) there is a problem.
Materials allocated to hazard group S can harm the
skin and eyes or enter the body through the skin and
spillage procedures. Dispose of spills
through an authorised contractor by the
more specific advice.
Department of Environment (DOE).
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary
for emptying the waste bin.
Keep any PPE clean and replace at recommended Further information
intervals. • Safety Data Sheets.
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
contamination. Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
2005
Training • Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for
Give workers information on the risk of using the Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
chemicals. • Control Guidance Sheets S100, S101, S102 and
Provide workers with training on: R001
Useful links
Supervision
Provide supervision to ensure safe work procedure is

followed.
108
Local Exhaust Ventilation

G200
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

(


recommends Control Approach 2 (Engineering
control) as the suitable approach for
recommendation on using local exhaust
ventilation which is the commonest form of
engineering control. It can be applied to a range
of tasks involving small, medium and large
scale use of solids or liquids. It describes the
LEV design layout
chemicals can also be flammable or corrosive. Where possible, site the work area away from doors,
Therefore, the controls must be suitable for windows and walkways, to stop draughts interfering
those hazards too. Refer to Safety Data Sheet with the LEV and spreading the dust or vapour.
(SDS) for more information. Have an air supply coming into the workroom to
replace extracted air.
Keep ducts short and simple, and avoid long sections
Workplace and access of flexible duct.
Provide an easy way of checking the LEV is working,
Restrict access to the working area to authorised e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent.
workers only. Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas doors, windows and air inlets.
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. With exposure to vapours, re-circulation is not
recommended.
Maintenance
Apply local exhaust ventilation (LEV) at the source of
exposure to capture the dust or vapour. Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
Airflow must be sufficient to control airborne as advised by the supplier/installer, in effective and
contaminants effectively. This will depend on the efficient working order and good repair.
design, size of opening and the type of process and
chemicals being controlled. Inspection, testing and examination
Ensure LEV equipment complies with the
requirement of USECHH Regulations.
Get information on the design performance of the LEV
Enclose the source of dust or vapour as much as
from the supplier. Keep this information to compare
possible to help stop it spreading.
with future test results.
Do not allow the worker to get between the source of
Check the LEV and visible ducting at least once a
exposure and the LEV, otherwise they’ll be directly in
month for signs of damage.
the path of the contaminated airflow.
109
Ensure the LEV is examined and tested against its

performance specification by hygiene technician at
least every 12 months.
Make sure the LEV is switched on and is
working.
five years.
Make sure it is working properly.
Make sure the air movement is across or
Cleaning and housekeeping away from your face.
Look for signs of damage, wear or poor
Clean equipment and the work area daily. Clean operation of any equipment used. If
other equipment and the workroom regularly, once a worker finds any problems, inform the
week is recommended. supervisor. Do not carry on working if
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case there is a problem.
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute Make sure that paper bags and other
(
the procedure. waste are not drawn into the LEV.
Store containers in a safe place and dispose off Wash hands before and after eating,
empty containers safely (refer CGS G101). drinking or using the washroom.
Put lids on containers immediately after use. Do not use solvents to clean skin.
Do not clean up with a dry brush or compressed air. Clear up spills immediately. Follow
Vacuum dry dust or use wet cleaning method. spillage procedure.
Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin Further information

and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and • Safety Data Sheets
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101 and S102 for • Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for
more specific advice. Design, Inspection, Testing and Examination of
Refer to the product label or SDS or ask PPE supplier Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
for advice on selection of suitable PPE. • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
for some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. 2005
cleaning up spills. • Control Guidance Sheets G101, G204, S100, S101,
Keep any PPE clean, and replace at recommended S102 and R001
intervals.
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid Useful links
contamination. • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
Training • HSE COSHH essentials website: https://www.hse.
chemicals.
Supervision

are followed.
110
Fume Cupboard
G201
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

employers to comply with the requirements of Baŋe to ensure
even airŇow
(
chemicals and protecting workers’ health. The Enclose front

as much as
sheet is part of the Simple Risk Assessment 0.5 m/s Exhaust
possible, eg.
and Control for Chemicals (SiRAC). lower sash minimum
airŇow
PosiƟon
adequately
chemical(s) and task(s). This sheet provides deep to
control measure and good practice ensure good
recommendation on using a fume cupboard - a airŇow
type of local exhaust ventilation (LEV). It can be
applied to many small-scale tasks using solids
or liquids, e.g. weighing or mixing. It describes m/s = metres per second
the key points that need to be followed to help
Design of fume cupboard
Therefore, the controls must be suitable for Provide good lighting. It should be suitable for the
those hazards too. Refer to Safety Data Sheet chemical(s) or task(s), e.g. dust tight or flameproof.
(SDS) for more information. Where possible, site the work area away from doors,
windows and walkways to stop draughts interfering
Workplace and access with the ventilation and spreading dust or vapour.
Have an air supply coming into the workroom to
replace air extracted by the fume cupboard.
Restrict access to the working area to authorised
workers only.
of flexible duct.
Provide an easy way of checking the equipment is
working, e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent.
Do not store items inside the ventilated area, they will
Design and equipment obstruct the airflow.
Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
Ensure fume cupboards are designed to recognised doors, windows and air inlets.
standards and comply to the requirement of With exposure to vapours, re-circulation is not
USECHH Regulations. recommended.
Airflow must be sufficient to control airborne
contaminants effectively. This will depend on the Maintenance
chemical being controlled.
Maintain the equipment as advised by the supplier/
Make the cupboard deep enough to comfortably
installer, in effective and efficient working order.
contain equipment and materials.
Keep the opening as small as possible, but allow
enough room to work safely. Keep the sash down as
far as possible.
111
Get information on the design performance of the Provide supervision to ensure safe work procedure is
fume cupboard from the supplier. followed.
Keep this information to compare with future test Establish a system to monitor that control measures
results. are in place and being followed.
Inspect the fume cupboard at least once a month to
effectively.
Ensure the fume cupboard is examined and tested Make sure the fume cupboard is switched
against its performance specification by hygiene on and is working.
technician at least every 12 months. Make sure it is working properly.
(
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least Look for signs of damage, wear or poor
five years. operation of any equipment used. If
worker finds any problems, inform the
Cleaning and housekeeping supervisor. Do not carry on working if
there is a problem.
Clean equipment and the work area daily. Clean Make sure that paper bags and other
other equipment and the workroom regularly, once a waste are not drawn into the ventilation
week is recommended. system.
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case Make sure large items do not obstruct the
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute opening to the cupboard.
the procedure. Wash hands before and after eating,
Store containers in a safe place and dispose off drinking or using the washroom.
empty containers safely (refer CGS 101). Do not use solvents to clean skin.
Put lids on containers immediately after use. Clear up spills immediately. Follow
Do not clean up with a dry brush or compressed air. spillage procedure.
Vacuum dry dust or use wet cleaning method. Use, maintain and store any PPE
Further information
Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin • Safety Data Sheets
and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and • Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101 and S102 for Design, Inspection, Testing and Examination of
more specific advice. Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008.
Refer to the product label or SDS or ask PPE supplier • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
for advice on selection of suitable PPE. Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
Respiratory protective equipment may be needed for 2005
some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. • Control Guidance Sheets G101, S100, S101,S102
dealing with spills. and R001
intervals. Useful links
chemicals.
112
Laminar Flow Booth

G202
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

employers to comply with the requirements of Baŋe or
the Occupational Safety and Health (Use and perforated
screen to ensure
Standards of Exposure of Chemicals even airŇow
(

sheet is part of the Simple Risk Assessment Exhaust

control) as the suitable approach for 0.5 m/s
chemical(s) and task(s). This sheet provides minimum
airŇow
recommendation on using a laminar flow booth Exh
Exhaust
– a type of local exhaust ventilation (LEV). It can
be applied to many medium-scale tasks using
solids or liquids, e.g. weighing or mixing. It
describes the key points that need to be m/s = metres per second

Laminar Flow Booth
be flammable or corrosive. Therefore, the Provide turntables in the booth, if this will make the
controls must be suitable for those hazards too. task easier.
Refer to Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more Provide good lighting. It should be suitable for the
information. chemical(s) and task(s), e.g. dust tight or flameproof.
Where possible, site the work area away from doors,
Workplace and access windows and walkways to stop draughts interfering
with the ventilation and spreading the dust or vapour.
Provide clean air supply coming into the workroom to
Restrict access to the working area to authorised
workers only.
Keep extraction ducts short and simple - avoid long
sections of flexible duct.
Design and equipment Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
doors, windows and air inlets.
The booth should be large enough to contain all Ensure that extracted air is cleaned before discharge
equipment and materials needed for the task. to the environment.
Air should be exhausted from the booth across the With exposure to vapours, re-circulation is not
full cross-sectional area (refer figure). recommended.
contaminants effectively. This will depend on the Maintenance
chemical being controlled. Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
Air inlets, which may be powered and include filters, as advised by the supplier/installer, in effective and
should be opposite the exhaust ventilation so air efficient working order and good repair.
moves across the work area.
Work ‘side-on’ to the airflow to reduce exposure.
113
laminar flow booth from the supplier. Keep this followed.
information to compare with future test results. Establish a system to monitor that control measures
Inspect the laminar flow booth at least once a month are in place and being followed.
to ensure the equipment is functioning properly and
effectively. Worker’s Checklist
Ensure the laminar flow booth is examined and
tested against its performance specification by Make sure the laminar flow booth is
hygiene technician at least every 12 months. switched on and is working.
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least Make sure it is working properly.
(
five years. Make sure the air movement is across or
away from your body and face.
Cleaning and housekeeping Look for signs of damage, wear or poor
operation of any equipment used. If
Clean equipment and the work area daily. Clean worker finds any problems, inform the
other equipment and the workroom regularly - once a supervisor. Do not carry on working if
week is recommended. there is a problem.
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case Make sure that paper bags and other
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute waste are not drawn into the ventilation
the procedure. system.
Store containers in a safe place and dispose off Make sure that large items do not obstruct
empty containers safely (refer CGS G101). the opening to the booth.
Put lids on containers immediately after use. Wash hands before and after eating,
Do not clean up with a dry brush or compressed air. drinking or using the washroom.
Vacuum dry dust or use wet cleaning method. Do not use solvents to clean skin.
Personal protective equipment (PPE) spillage procedure.
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101 and S102 for Further information
more specific advice. • Safety Data Sheets
Refer to the product label or SDS or ask PPE supplier • Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for
for advice on selection of suitable PPE. Design, Inspection, Testing and Examination of
Respiratory protective equipment may be needed for Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008.
some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
dealing with spills. Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
Keep any PPE clean, and replace at recommended 2005
intervals. • Control Guidance Sheets G101, G204, S100, S101,
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid S102 and R001
contamination.
Useful links
Training • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
Give workers information on the risk of using the gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
chemicals. • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
Provide workers with training on: https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
• handling chemicals safely; safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
the control is working,
• when and how to use any PPE you provided;
114
Ventilated Benchwork (Downdraught Bench)

G203
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

(

Exhaust
recommendation on using a ventilated
workbench with underbench extraction. It can
be applied to a range of tasks involving
small-scale use of solids or liquids, e.g.
cleaning or applying adhesives. It describes the
Ventilated benchwork
important that all the points are followed.
Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more Provide good lighting. It should be suitable for the
information. chemical(s) and task(s), e.g. dust tight or flameproof.
Workplace and access windows and walkways to stop draughts interfering
with the ventilation and spreading the dust or vapour.
Restrict access to the working area to authorised Provide clean air supply coming into the workroom to
workers only. replace extracted air.
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas Keep ducts short and simple, and avoid long sections
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. of flexible duct.
Air is extracted downward, typically passing through Ensure that extracted air is cleaned before discharge
holes or slots on the downdraught bench. to the environment.
The working zone is at, or very near to, the extracted With exposure to vapours, re-circulation is not
perforated or gridded work surface or hood face. recommended.
Airflow must be sufficient to control airborne Ensure all components are appropriate for the
contaminants effectively. This will depend on the chemical being captured, i.e. suitable for explosive,
design, size of opening and the type of process and corrosive and flammable chemicals.
The degree to which the extracted work surface is Maintenance
blocked off by, for instance, components and other
materials on or near the bench, will influence its Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
effectiveness. as advised by the supplier/installer, in effective and
Do not store items on the ventilation grill. efficient working order and good repair.
Keep the opening as small as possible, but allow
enough room to work safely.
115
Get information on the design performance of the Provide supervision to ensure safe work procedure
equipment from the supplier. are followed.
effectively.
Ensure the ventilation equipment is examined and Make sure the engineering control
tested against its performance specification by equipment is switched on and is working.
hygiene technician at least every 12 months. Make sure it is working properly.
(
there is a problem.
Clean work equipment and the work area daily. Clean Make sure large items do not obstruct the
other equipment and the workroom regularly, once a opening to the workbench.
week is recommended. Wash hands before and after eating,
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case drinking or using the washroom.
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute Do not use solvents to clean skin.
the procedure. Clear up spills immediately. Follow
Store containers in a safe place, and dispose off spillage procedure.
empty containers safely (refer CGS G101). Use, maintain and store any PPE
Put lids on containers immediately after use. provided in accordance with instructions.
Vacuum dry dust or use wet cleaning method. Further information
Personal protective equipment (PPE) • Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for
Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101 and S102 for Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
more specific advice. 2005
Refer to the product label or SDS or ask PPE supplier • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
for advice on selection of suitable PPE. to Health, DOSH 2001
Respiratory protective equipment may be needed for • Control Guidance Sheets G101, G204, S100, S101,
some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. S102 and R001
dealing with spills.
Keep any PPE clean and replace at recommended Useful links
intervals. • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
contamination. • HSE COSHH essentials website: https://www.hse.
chemicals.
116
Removing Waste from Dust Extraction Unit

G204
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

(


chemical(s) and task(s). This sheet provides Pressure equalising hose
control measure and good practice Bin liner
recommendation on removing waste from a

dust extraction or air cleaning unit. It describes Waste collecƟon bin
Therefore, the
Removing waste from dust extraction unit
Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more Manage hazardous waste according to requirements
information. by the Department of Environment (DOE).
Provide an easy way of checking the control is
Workplace and access working, e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent.
Restrict access to the working area to authorised doors, windows and air inlets.
workers only. Clean filtered air can be re-circulated into the
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas workroom.
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. Ensure all components are appropriate for the
chemical being captured, i.e. suitable for explosive,
Design and equipment corrosive and flammable chemicals.
Maintenance
Where possible, locate the extraction unit outside of
the main work area, but away from draughts and the
Ensure the extraction unit is maintained as advised by
prevailing wind.
the supplier/installer. It should be in efficient and
effective working order.
combustible solids, and ensure that equipment is
Adopt a permit-to-work system for maintenance work.
Have a pressure equalising mechanism at the base
of the waste bin to prevent the bag being sucked out.
Determine how often the waste bin will require
emptying.
Consider providing a shut-off valve to isolate the bin
for removal.
Consider how the bin will be lifted for emptying, and
provide mechanical help if necessary.
117
equipment from the supplier. Keep this information to followed.
compare with future test results. Establish a system to monitor that control measures
Inspect the equipment at least once a month to are in place and being followed.
ensure the equipment is functioning properly and
Ensure the engineering control equipment is
examined and tested against its performance Empty the bin on a regular basis, as per
specification by hygiene technician at least every 12 instructions and before it overfills.
months. Stand upwind when removing the waste
(
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least bin from the extraction unit.
five years. Look for signs of damage, wear or poor
operation of the extraction unit. If worker
Cleaning and housekeeping finds any problems, inform the supervisor.
Do not carry on working if there is a
Ensure the bin is emptied on a regular basis. problem.
Tie the dust bag top before removal from the bin. Make sure that the bag or other waste is
Do not allow the waste bin to overfill. not drawn into the filter unit.
Clean work equipment and the work area daily. Clean Wash hands before and after eating,
other equipment regularly, once a week is drinking or using the washroom.
recommended. Clear up spills immediately. Follow
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case spillage procedure.
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute Use, maintain and store any PPE
the procedure. provided in accordance with instructions.
cause harm. See CGS S100, S101 and S102 for Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
more specific advice. 2005
Refer to the product label or SDS or ask PPE supplier • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
for advice on selection of suitable PPE. to Health, DOSH 2001
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary • Control Guidance Sheets 101, 302, S100, S101
for emptying the waste bin. S102 and R001
Keep PPE clean and replace it at recommended
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
contamination • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
Training
chemicals.
118
Conveyor Transfer
G205
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

Standards of Exposure of Chemicals Minimise
drop height
Hazardous to Health) Regulations (USECHH Exhaust
at feed
(
Flexible curtain
sheet is part of the Simple Risk Assessment Air in
Air in
Exhaust
This sheet can be used where the assessment
Flexible curtain
Air in
recommendation on using a conveyor for
transferring medium and large quantities of
solids. It describes the key points that need to Scraper to clean Minimise drop height at
return belt transfer or discharge
Design of conveyor transfer
Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more Design the enclosure in sections to allow easy access
information. for cleaning and maintenance.
Hinged doors should be provided for routine
Workplace and access inspection tasks.
Provide as much space as possible within the
Restrict access to the work area to authorised enclosures. This will help contain the dust.
workers only. Position the feed chute so material joins the centre of
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas the belt, moving in the same direction and at the same
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. speed as the belt.
Minimize the height that the material falls from the
Design and equipment chute to the belt.
Fit a scraper to clean the return belt.
Use a similar approach for bucket elevators and
Provide local exhaust ventilation (LEV) at the feed screw conveyors.
chute and drop points (see illustration). Where possible, site the working area away from
The inward airflow at all openings on the conveyor or doors, windows and walkways to stop draughts
enclosure must be sufficient to effectively capture interfering with the ventilation and spreading dust.
any airborne contaminant. This will depend on the Provide an air supply to the workroom to replace
design, size of opening and the type of process and extracted air.
chemical being controlled. Provide an easy way of checking the LEV is working,
Ensure LEV equipment complies with the e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent.
requirement of USECHH Regulations. Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
Consider wetting to reduce the dustiness of the doors, windows and air inlets.
material. With vapours air re-circulation is not recommended.
Enclose the belt as much as possible, and Ensure all components are appropriate for the
particularly at the feed and discharge points. chemical being captured, i.e suitable for explosive,
Provide dust curtains at the open ends of the corrosive and flammable chemicals.
enclosures and skirting at the sides of the belt.
119
Maintenance Supervision
Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained Provide supervision to ensure safe work procedure is
as advised by the supplier/installer in effective and followed.
efficient working order and good repair. Establish a system to monitor that control measures
ventilation equipment from the supplier. Keep this Make sure the skirting and curtains are
information for future reference. intact, and the LEV is switched on and is
Inspect the equipment at least once a month to working.
(
ensure the equipment is functioning properly and Make sure it is running properly.
effectively. Look for signs of leaks and spills from the
Ensure the ventilation equipment is examined and belt or poor operation of any equipment
tested against its performance specification by used. If worker finds any problems, inform
hygiene technician at least every 12 months. the supervisor. Do not carry on working if
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least there is a problem.
five years. Wash hands before and after eating,
Cleaning and housekeeping Do not use solvents to clean skin.
Clean work equipment and the work area daily. Clean spillage procedure
other equipment and the workroom regularly, once a Use, maintain and store any PPE
week is recommended. provided in accordance with instructions.
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute
the procedure. Further information
Store packages/containers in a safe place (refer CGS • Safety Data Sheets
G101). • Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for
Do not clean up with a dry brush or compressed air. Design, Inspection, Testing and Examination of
Vacuum dry dust or use wet cleaning method. Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
Personal protective equipment (PPE) Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
2005
Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and to Health, DOSH 2001
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101 and S102 for • Control Guidance Sheets G101, G204, S100, S101,
more specific advice. S102 and R001
Useful links
for advice on selection of suitable PPE. Keep PPE
clean and replace it at recommended intervals.
contamination.
Training https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
chemicals.
the control is working,
120
Sack Filling
G206
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2
This guidance sheet is aimed to guide Exhaust

Hazardous to Health) Regulations (USECHH Feed
(
hopper

recommends Control Approach 2 (Engineering ParƟal
enclosure
control) as the suitable approach for around
chemical(s) and task(s). This sheet provides Įlling head
Sack clamp
recommendation on sack and bag filling, and
can be applied to tasks involving medium
quantities of solids. It describes the key points Grid area to
catch
that need to be followed to help reduce spillages
that all the points are followed.
Sack filling
suitable for those hazards too. Refer to the Provide a ventilated hopper at floor level to capture
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more information. spills.
Ensure the filling head does not discharge dust when
Workplace and access the bag/sack is removed.
Provide good lighting. It should be suitable for the
Restrict access to the work area to authorised chemical(s) and task(s), e.g. dust tight or flameproof.
workers only. Avoid manual handling.
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas Where possible, site the work area away from doors,
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. windows and walkways, to stop draughts interfering
with the ventilation and spreading dust.
Design and equipment Provide an air supply to the workroom to replace
extracted air.
Ensure bags/sacks and filling equipment are e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent.
compatible and well maintained. Ensure that extracted air is cleaned before discharge
Enclose the filling head as much as possible (refer to the environment.
figure). Provide a ventilated enclosure around the Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
filling point with an inward airflow. doors, windows and air inlets.
Airflow must be sufficient to control airborne Provide a good standard of general ventilation. Use
contaminants effectively. This will depend on the powered wall or window mounted fans to supply clean
design, size of opening and the type of process and air, greater than five air changes per hour, with a
chemicals being controlled. through draught.
Make sure the enclosure is large enough to allow the Clean filtered air can be re-circulated into the
bag/sack to be closed before it leaves the enclosure. workroom.
Check for dust emission during filling. Provide Ensure all components are appropriate for the
clamps and seals, and make arrangements to chemical being captured, i.e. suitable for explosive,
discharge air displaced during filling. corrosive and flammable chemicals.
121
Maintenance • when and how to use any PPE provided;

as advised by the supplier/installer in effective and
Get information on the design performance of the Provide supervision to ensure safe work procedures
ventilation equipment from the supplier to compare are followed.
with future test results. Establish a system to monitor that control measures
(
Ensure the ventilation and engineering control
equipment is examined and tested against its Make sure the ventilation equipment is
performance specification by hygiene technician at switched on and is working.
least every 12 months. Make sure it is running properly.
five years operation of any equipment used. If
there is a problem.
Make sure that bags and other waste are
Clean work equipment and the work area daily. Clean
not drawn into the ventilation duct.
other equipment and the workroom regularly, once a
Use handling aids when provided.
week is recommended.
the procedure.
Store sacks/bags in a safe place and dispose off
spillage procedure.
empty sacks/bags safely (refer CGS G101).
Vacuum dry dust or wet cleaning method.
Personal protective equipment (PPE) Further information

Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin • Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for
and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and Design, Inspection, Testing and Examination of
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101 and S102 for Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
more specific advice. • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
Refer to the product label or SDS or ask PPE supplier Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
for advice on selection of suitable PPE. 2005
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary • Control Guidance Sheets G101, G204, S100, S101,
for some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. S102 and R001
cleaning up spills. Useful links
Keep PPE clean and replace it at recommended • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
intervals. • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid • HSE COSHH essentials website: https://www.hse.
contamination. gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
chemicals.
122
High-Throughput Sack Filling

G207
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

employers to comply with the requirements of Extract Product
(
chemicals and protecting workers’ health. The Purge air

Feed

recommends Control Approach 2 (Engineering Exhaust
chemical(s) and task(s). This sheet provides 1 m/s
control measure and good practice minimum
recommendation on high-throughput sack and airŇow
bag filling, and can be applied to tasks
involving large quantities of solids. It describes Spill Exhaust
the key points that need to be followed to help hopper
important that all the points are followed. Some m/s = metres per second
High-throughput sack filling
those hazards too. Refer to the Safety Data Make sure the enclosure is large enough to allow the
Sheet (SDS) for more information. bag/sack to be closed and sealed before it leaves the
enclosure.
Workplace and access Consider mechanical/pneumatic assistance with
bag/sack handling.
Restrict access to the work area to authorised Provide good lighting. It should be suitable for the
workers only. chemical(s) and task(s), e.g. dust tight or flameproof.
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas Where possible, site the work area away from doors,
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. windows and walkways to stop draughts interfering
with the ventilation and spreading dust.
Provide an air supply to the workroom to replace
extracted air.
Ensure the bags/sacks and filling equipment is e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent.
compatible and well maintained. Ensure that extracted air is cleaned before discharge
Enclose the filling head as much as possible. to the environment.
Airflow must be sufficient to control airborne Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
contaminants effectively. This will depend on the doors, windows and air inlets.
Maintenance
Special care should be taken in designing the filling
nozzle to prevent dust emissions during filling, and to
provide a route for air displaced from the bag during Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
filling (refer figure). as advised by the supplier/installer in effective and
Provide a ventilated hopper at floor level to capture efficient working order and good repair.
spills.
123
Inspection, testing and examination • what to do if something goes wrong.

engineering control equipment from the supplier.
Keep this to compare with future test results. Supervision
Inspect the engineering control equipment at least
once a month to ensure the equipment is functioning Provide supervision to ensure that safe work
properly and effectively. procedures are followed.
Ensure the engineering control equipment is Establish a system to monitor that control measures
examined and tested against its performance are in place and being followed.
months. Worker’s Checklist
(
five years. Check the room is well ventilated, and any
Cleaning and housekeeping working properly.
Make sure it is running properly.
Clean work equipment and the working area daily. Look for signs of damage, wear or poor
Clean other equipment and the workroom regularly, operation of any equipment used. If
once a week is recommended. worker finds any problems, inform the
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case supervisor. Do not carry on working if
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute there is a problem.
the procedure. Ensure sacks/bags are properly tied.
Store bags/sacks in a safe place and dispose off Ensure wastes are not drawn into the
empty bags/sacks safely (refer CGS G101). ventilation duct.
Do not clean up with a dry brush or compressed air Use handling aids when available.
for removing dust from skin and clothing. Avoid the Wash hands before and after eating,
use of brushes or compressed air for removing dust drinking or using the washroom.
from surfaces or from inside machinery. Do not use solvents to clean skin.
Vacuum dry dust or use wet cleaning method. Clear up spills immediately. Use vacuum
cleaning or wet mopping. Dispose of spills
Personal protective equipment (PPE) safely.
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to see what • Safety Data Sheets
PPE is necessary. • Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable Design, Inspection, Testing and Examination of
protective equipment. Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
for some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
cleaning up spills. 2005
Keep PPE clean, and replace it at recommended • Control Guidance Sheets G101, G204, S100, S101,
intervals. S102 and R001
contamination. Useful links
Give workers information on the risk of using the • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
chemicals. https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
Provide workers with training on: safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
124
Sack Emptying
G208
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

the Occupational Safety and Health (Use and Exhaust
(


chemical(s) and task(s). This sheet provides 1.0 m/s
control measure and good practice minimum
recommendation on emptying sacks and bags, airŇow
and can be applied to tasks involving medium

that need to be followed to help reduce Waste bag collecƟon
Open grill work
exposure to an acceptable level. It is important shelf
Sack emptying
too. Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for Keep the open area as small as possible, but allow
more information. enough room for safe working. Use see-through
panels and plastic strips to reduce the opening.
Workplace and access Ensure solids are poured gently and sack/bag is not
aggressively shaken, rely on gravity.
Make the enclosure deep enough to contain
bags/sacks and allow access to the empty sack chute.
workers only.
Ensure gloves are worn. Sacks often have dust on the
outer surface.
Ensure the empty sack chute can be reached easily
without the operator placing their head within the
enclosed area. Consider additional ventilation at the
disposal point.
Use bulk transfer methods where possible. Provide Ensure empty sacks are rolled up in the extracted
enclosed weighing hoppers for bulk solids. zone and put into a polythene sack.
Apply local exhaust ventilation (LEV) at the source of Provide good lighting. It should be suitable for the
exposure to capture the airborne chemical(s) and tasks, e.g. dust tight or flameproof.
contaminant and enclose the process as much as Consider providing mechanical/ pneumatic
possible. assistance with bag/sack handling.
Airflow must be sufficient to control airborne Where possible, site the work area away from doors,
contaminants effectively. This will depend on the windows and walkways to stop draughts interfering
design, size of opening and the type of process and with the local exhaust ventilation (LEV) and
chemical being controlled. spreading dust.
Ensure LEV equipment complies with the Provide a clean air supply to the workroom to replace
requirement of USECHH Regulations. extracted air.
Enclose the bench and empty sack chute as much as Provide an easy way of checking the LEV is working,
possible. e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent.
125
Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from Training

Ensure all components are appropriate for the
chemicals being captured, i.e suitable for explosive,
chemicals.
corrosive and flammable chemicals.
Maintenance
Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained • when and how to use any PPE provided;
as advised by the supplier/installer in effective and • any safe work procedure; and
efficient working order and good repair. • what to do if something goes wrong.
(
Get information on the design performance of the Supervision

LEV equipment from the supplier. Keep this
information to compare with future test results. Provide supervision to ensure that safe work
Inspect the LEV equipment at least once a month to procedures are followed.
ensure the equipment is functioning properly and Establish a system to monitor that control measures
effectively. are in place and being followed.
least every 12 months. Worker’s Checklist
five years. Check the room is well ventilated, and any
is working properly. Check the airflow
Cleaning and housekeeping indicator or equivalent.
Look for signs of leaks, damage, wear or
Clean work equipment and the work area daily. Clean poor operation of any equipment used. If
of a spill and communicate with workers and Make sure the air movement is across or
execute the procedure. away from face.
Store bags/sacks in a safe place and dispose off Make sure that bags and other waste are
empty bags/sacks safely (refer CGS G101). not drawn into the ventilation duct.
Do not clean up with a dry brush or compressed air Use handling aids when provided.
for removing dust from skin and clothing. Avoid the Wash hands before and after eating,
use of brushes or compressed air for removing dust drinking or using the washroom.
from surfaces or from inside machinery. Do not use solvents to clean skin.
Vacuum dry dust or use wet cleaning method. Clear up spills immediately. Use vacuum
cleaning or wet mopping. Dispose of spills
Personal protective equipment (PPE) safely.
Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin provided in accordance with instructions.
Further information
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to see what
PPE is necessary.
PPE.
for some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g.
Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
cleaning up spills.
2005
Keep PPE clean, and replace it at recommended
intervals.
S102 and R001
contamination.
126
Useful links
(
127
Filling Kegs
G209
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

(
Feed
hopper

chemical(s) and task(s). This sheet provides Sliding sleeve
recommendation on filling kegs, and can be
applied to tasks involving medium quantities of Seal
solids. It describes the key points that need to
be followed to help reduce exposure to an Tray to catch spillages
be flammable or corrosive. Therefore, the Kegs filling
Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more Where there is manual check weighing and/or weight
information. adjusting, this should be done within a ventilated
enclosure.
Workplace and access Ensure the filling head doesn’t discharge dust into the
workroom when the keg is removed by ensuring the
Restrict access to the work area to authorised filling head is within the ventilated enclosure.
workers only. Provide a ventilated hopper at floor level to capture
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas spills.
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. Provide a tray or grid below the filling point to
minimize the spread of material.
Design and equipment Provide good lighting. It should be suitable for the
chemical(s) and task(s), e.g. dust tight or flame proof.
Consider providing handling aids to minimise manual
Apply local exhaust ventilation (LEV) at the source of handling.
exposure to capture the airborne contaminant and Clean the outside of the keg by vacuum or wet wiping.
enclose the process as much as possible. Where possible, locate the work area away from
Airflow must be sufficient to control airborne doors, windows and walkways to stop draughts
contaminants effectively. This will depend on the interfering with the ventilation and spreading dust.
design, size of opening and the type of process and Provide a clean air supply to the workroom to replace
chemical being controlled. extracted air.
Ensure LEV equipment complies with the Keep extraction ducts short and simple - avoid long
requirement of USECHH Regulations. sections of flexible duct.
Ensure the kegs and filling equipment is compatible Provide an easy way of checking the control is
and well maintained. working, e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent.
Provide suitable seals between the keg and filling Fit an indicator or alarm to show if filters have blocked
head. or failed.
Provide keg liners compatible with the material(s) Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
being handled. doors, windows and air inlets.
128
Always confirm that the extraction is turned on and Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid
working at the start of work. Check the gauge. contamination.
Ensure that extracted air is cleaned before discharge
to the environment. Training
materials being captured, i.e. suitable for explosive, Give workers information on the risk of using the
corrosive and flammable substances. chemicals.
Maintenance • handling chemicals safely;
Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained the control is working;
as advised by the supplier/installer in effective and • when and how to use any PPE provided;
efficient working order and good repair. • any safe work procedure; and
(

Inspection, testing and examination Training programme should be reviewed and
LEV equipment from the supplier. Keep this Supervision
information to compare with future test results.
Inspect the LEV at least once a month to ensure the
equipment is functioning properly and effectively.
Ensure the LEV equipment is examined and tested
against its performance specification by hygiene
technician at least every 12 months.
five years. Worker’s Checklist
Check the room is well ventilated, and any

Cleaning and housekeeping
is working properly. Check the airflow
Clean work equipment and the work area daily. Clean indicator or equivalent.
other equipment and the workroom regularly, once a Look for signs of leaks, damage, wear or
week is recommended. poor operation of any equipment used. If
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case worker finds any problems, inform the
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute supervisor. Do not carry on working if
the procedure. there is a problem.
Store kegs in a safe place and dispose off empty Make sure that keg liners and other waste
kegs safely (refer CGS G101). material are not drawn into the ventilation
Put lids on kegs immediately after use. duct.
Vacuum dry dust or use wet cleaning methods. Use handling aids when provided.
Do not clean up with a dry brush or compressed air Wash hands before and after eating,
for removing dust from skin and clothing. Avoid the drinking or using the washroom.
use of brushes or compressed air for removing dust Clear up spills immediately. Follow
from surfaces or from inside machinery. spillage procedure. Dispose of spills
safely.
Personal protective equipment (PPE) Use, maintain and store any PPE
PPE. Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
cleaning up spills. CGS R001 for more specific 2005
advice. • Control Guidance Sheets G101, G204, S100, S101,
Keep PPE clean, and replace it at recommended S102 and R001
intervals.
129
Useful links
(
130
Charging Reactors and Mixers from a Sack or Keg

G210
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2
This guidance sheet is aimed at employers to

Exhaust
help them comply with the requirements of the
Exhaust
Occupational Safety and Health (Use and
(

Minimum
This sheet is used where the assessment airŇow 1 m/s
Charging port
recommendation on charging reactors and
mixers from a sack or keg, and can be applied
to task involving small and medium quantities
of solids. It is also suitable for occasional (once
a day) use with solids needing control approach
3. It describes the key points that need to be
Charging reactors and mixers from a sack or keg
points are followed. Some chemicals can also assistance with keg/sack handling.
be flammable or corrosive. Therefore, the Any lifting and tipping equipment should be correctly
controls must be suitable for those hazards too. designed for the task, and be suitable for the size of
Look at the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more sack or keg being lifted.
information. The tipping mechanism should operate smoothly to
allow controlled emptying.
Bag/sack crushing creates a lot of dust. Ensure
workers roll up empty bags/sacks with the open end in
the extraction zone.
Restrict access to the work area to authorised Provide good lighting. It should be suitable for the
workers only. chemical(s) and task, e.g. dust tight or flameproof.
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas Where possible, locate the working area away from
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. doors, windows and walkways to stop draughts inter-
fering with the LEV and spreading dust.
Design and equipment Provide a clean air supply to the workroom to replace
extracted air.
Apply local exhaust ventilation (LEV) at the source of Keep ducts short and simple, and avoid long sections
exposure to capture the airborne contaminant and of flexible duct.
enclose the process as much as possible. Provide an easy way of checking the LEV is working,
Ensure LEV equipment complies with the e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent.
requirement of USECHH Regulations. Fit an indicator or alarm to show if filters have blocked
Airflow must be sufficient to control airborne or failed.
contaminants effectively. This will depend on the Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
design, size of opening and the type of process and doors, windows and air inlets.
chemicals being controlled. Ensure that extracted air is cleaned before discharge
Ensure kegs and filling equipment is compatible and to the environment.
well maintained. Always confirm that the extraction is turned on and
Consider providing mechanical / pneumatic working at the start of work. Check the gauge.
131
Ensure all components are appropriate for the Training

materials being captured, i.e. suitable for explosive,
corrosive and flammable substances.
Do not re-circulate air into the workroom unless it has
chemicals.
been adequately cleaned.
Maintenance • how to use control equipment properly and ensure
as advised by the supplier/installer in effective and • any safe work procedure; and
efficient working order and good repair. • what to do if something goes wrong.
Inspection, testing and examination conducted at least once in two years.
(
LEV from the supplier. Keep this information to
compare with future test results.
Inspect the LEV equipment at least once a month to
effectively.
Ensure the LEV equipment is examined and tested
against its performance standard by hygiene
technician at least every 12 months. Worker’s Checklist
five years. Make sure the LEV system is switched on
and is working.
Make sure the LEV is running properly;
check the airflow indicator or equivalent.
Look for signs of leaks, damage, wear or
Clean work equipment and the work area daily. Clean poor operation of any equipment used. If
the procedure. waste material are not drawn into the
Store sacks or kegs in a safe place and when empty, ventilation duct.
dispose off them safely (refer CGS G101). Use handling aids, avoid manual
Put lids on kegs immediately after use. handling.
Vacuum dry dust or use wet cleaning method. Wash hands before and after eating,
Do not clean up with a dry brush or compressed air drinking or using the washroom.
for removing dust from skin and clothing. Avoid the Do not use solvents to clean skin.
use of brushes or compressed air for removing dust Clear up spills immediately. Follow
from surfaces or from inside machinery. spillage procedure.

Further information
PPE is necessary.
PPE.
Respiratory protection equipment may be necessary
2005
• Guidelines on Monitoring of Airborne Contaminant
cleaning up spills.
for Chemicals Hazardous to Health, DOSH 2002
Keep PPE clean and replace it at recommended
intervals.
contamination.
S102 and R100
132
Useful links
(
133
IBC Filling and Emptying

G211
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

(

recommendation on filling and emptying an IBC
(intermediate bulk carrier) with large quantities
of solids. It describes the key points that need
to be followed to help reduce exposure to an
IBC filling and emptying
Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more Keep extraction ducts short and simple, and avoid
information. long sections of flexible duct.
Workplace and access Maintenance
Restrict access to the work area to authorised Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
workers only. as advised by the supplier/installer in effective and
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas efficient working order and good repair.
Ensure the IBC is designed and constructed for the engineering control equipment from the supplier.
chemical it will contain. Keep this information to compare with future test
Take precautions to prevent over-filling, e.g. load results.
cells. Inspect the engineering control equipment at least
Ensure air displaced during filling is vented to a safe once a month to ensure the equipment is functioning
place, e.g. back into the supply tank. Provide seals properly and effectively.
on access hatches. Ensure the engineering control equipment is
Provide a means to isolate or control the filling/ examined and tested against its performance s
emptying rate, e.g. a rotary valve. pecification by hygiene technician at least every 12
Ensure the connections do not leak. months.
Provide good access for fork-lift trucks. Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least
Provide barriers and notices. five years.
combustible solids, and ensure equipment is
134
Inspection, testing and examination Worker’s Checklist
Clean work equipment and the work area daily. Clean Make sure the engineering control
other equipment and the workroom regularly, once a equipment is switched on and is working.
week is recommended. Take special care not to overfill the IBC.
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case Ensure barriers and warning notices are in
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute position.
the procedure. Look for signs of leaks, wear or damage of
Store materials in a safe place (refer CGS G101). any equipment used. If worker finds any
Do not clean up with dry brushing or compressed air. problems, inform the supervisor. Do not
Vacuum dry dust or use wet cleaning method. carry on working if there is a problem.
(

Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin Clear up spills immediately. Follow
and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and spillage procedure.
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101 and S102 for Use, maintain and store any PPE
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to see what provided in accordance with instructions.
PPE is necessary.
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable Further information
PPE. • Safety Data Sheets
Keep PPE clean and replace it at recommended • Guidelines on Monitoring of Airborne Contaminant
intervals. for Chemicals Hazardous to Health, DOSH 2002
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
contamination. to Health, DOSH 2001
• Control Guidance Sheets G101, S100, S101, S102
Training and R001
Give workers information on the risk of using the Useful links

chemicals. • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
Provide workers with training on: • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
• handling chemicals safely; • HSE COSHH essentials website: https://www.hse.
• how to use control equipment properly and ensure gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
the control is working; • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
• when and how to use any PPE provided; https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
• any safe work procedure; and safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
Supervision

135
Drum Filling
G212
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

OVERHEAD VIEW
(
This sheet is used where the assessment Feed pipe

recommends Control Approach 2 (Engineering Exhaust
SIDE VIEW
recommendation on filling drums, and can be
applied to tasks involving medium quantities of
Drum filling
Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more Prevent splashing by using funnels, guards etc.
information. Ensure drums can be easily positioned close to the
LEV slot. Guides should be used for positioning
Workplace and access drums and adjustable for different size drums.
Avoid touching the dip pipe after removal from the
Restrict access to the work area to authorised drum.
workers only. Provide containment around the drum to catch drips
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas and leaks.
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. Use a load cell or metered flow to prevent overfilling.
For flammable liquids, use suitable pumps/fans and
Design and equipment appropriately earthed equipment.
. Where possible, site the work area away from doors,
windows and walkways to stop draughts interfering
Apply local exhaust ventilation (LEV) at the source of with the ventilation and spreading contamination.
exposure to capture the airborne contaminant and Provide an air supply to the workroom to replace
enclose the process as much as possible. extracted air.
Airflow must be sufficient to control airborne Provide an easy way of checking the control is
contaminants effectively. This will depend on the working, e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent.
design, size of opening and the type of process and Consider providing mechanical / pneumatic handling
chemical being controlled. aids to minimize manual handling.
Ensure LEV equipment complies with the Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
requirement of USECHH Regulations. doors, windows and air inlets.
Carry out drum filling only in a designated area with Ensure that extracted air is cleaned before
spillage containment. discharging to the environment.
Position the LEV slot as near to the top of the drum With vapours, re-circulation is not recommended.
as possible.
The length of the feed pipe should enable it to be
submerged during filling.
136
Maintenance Training programme should be reviewed and

as advised by the supplier/installer in effective and Supervision
Inspection, testing and examination procedures are followed.
Get information on the design performance of the are in place and being followed.
compare with future test results. Worker’s Checklist
(
equipment is functioning properly and effectively. Make sure the LEV is switched on and is
Ensure the LEV is examined and tested against its working.
performance specification by hygiene technician at Make sure it is running properly.
least every 12 months. Look for signs of damage, wear or poor
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least operation of any equipment used. If
five years. worker finds any problems, inform the
Cleaning and housekeeping there is a problem.
Make sure that bags and other waste are
Clean work equipment and the work area daily. Clean not drawn into the ventilation duct.
other equipment and the workroom regularly, once a Prevent splashing by using funnels and
week is recommended. guards, and by ensuring that fill pipes are
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case submerged in the drum.
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute Wash hands before and after eating,
the procedure. drinking or using the washroom.
Store drums in a safe place and dispose of empty Use handling aids when provided.
drums safely (refer CGS G101). Do not use solvents to clean skin.
Keep PPE clean and replace it at recommended • Guidelines on Monitoring of Airborne Contaminant
intervals. for Chemicals Hazardous to Health, DOSH 2002
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
contamination. to Health, DOSH 2001
Training and R001
Useful links
chemicals.
137
Drum Emptying Using a Drum Pump

G213
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

(
sheet is part of the Simple Risk Assessment Drum pump

control) as the suitable approach for Earth strap
recommendation on using a drum pump to
empty drums, and can be applied to tasks
involving medium quantities of liquids. It
Drum emptying using a drum pump
controls must be suitable for those hazards too. Consider how the drum will be moved to the transfer
Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more area. Avoid manual handling.
information. Provide a suitable 'key' for removing and replacing
the drum stopper.
Workplace and access For flammable liquids, use suitable pumps/fans and
appropriately earthed equipment to prevent sparking
from build-up of static electricity.
Where possible, locate the work area away from
workers only.
doors, windows and walkways.
Discharge exhausts air to a safe place away from
With vapours, re-circulation is not recommended.
Maintenance
Ensure the area is well ventilated.
Design the work area for ease of maintenance and,
when possible, use equipment designed for easy
as advised by the supplier/installer in effective and
maintenance.
Avoid touching the dip pipe after removal from the
drum.
Provide containment around the drum to catch drips
and leaks.
Ensure the pump is suitable for the liquid to be Get information on the design performance of the
transferred. engineering control equipment from the supplier.
Provide transfer/storage arrangements for the pump Keep this information to compare with future test
and dip pipe to minimise contact with the liquid and to results.
stop contamination. Inspect the engineering control equipment at least
once a month to ensure the equipment is functioning
138
properly and effectively. Worker’s Checklist

examined and tested against its performance Make sure any engineering control
specification by hygiene technician at least every 12 equipment is switched on and is working.
months. Always remove and replace the drum
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at stopper using a 'key'.
least five years. Always use the earth strap.
Use handling aids when provided.
Cleaning and housekeeping Take care when removing the pump from
the drum to minimise vapours and skin
Clean work equipment, and the work and storage contact. Return the pump to its storage
area daily. Clean other equipment and the workroom position.
regularly, once a week is recommended. Look for signs of damage, wear or poor
(
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case operation of any equipment used. If
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute worker finds any problems, inform the
the procedure. supervisor. Do not carry on working if
Store drums in a safe place and dispose of empty there is a problem.
drums safely (refer CGS G101). Wash hands before and after eating,
Personal protective equipment (PPE) Do not use solvents to clean skin.
Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin spillage procedure.
and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and Use, maintain and store any PPE
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101 and S102 for provided in accordance with instructions.
PPE is necessary. Further information
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable • Safety Data Sheets
PPE. • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
for some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. 2005
cleaning up spills. • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
Keep PPE clean, and replace it at recommended to Health, DOSH 2001
intervals. • Control Guidance Sheets G101, S100, S101, S102
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid and R001
contamination.
Useful links
Training • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
Give workers information on the risk of using the • HSE COSHH essentials website: https://www.hse.
chemicals. gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
Provide workers with training on: • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
• handling chemicals safely; https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
• how to use control equipment properly and ensure safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
Supervision
Provide supervision to ensure that safe work proce-

dures are followed.
139
Weighing Solids
G214
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

Standards of Exposure of Chemicals Exhaust
(
sheet is part of the Simple Risk Assessment Rear baŋe

General airŇow
This sheet is used where the assessment 0.5 m/s
recommends Control Approach 2 (Engineering Laminar

control) as the suitable approach for booth Localized
airŇow 1 m/s
control measure and good practice Plaƞorm to raise
keg head to
recommendation on weighing medium centre of
quantities of solids. It describes the key points extractor head

Weighing solids
too. Refer to Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more
information. open area.
Workplace and access sections of flexible duct.
Restrict access to the work area to authorised chemical(s) and task(s), e.g. dust tight or flameproof.
workers only. Avoid using deep kegs or kegs over 25 kg.
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas Where possible, locate the work area away from
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. doors, windows and walkways to stop draughts
interfering with the ventilation and spreading dust.
Design and equipment Provide clean air supply to the workroom to replace
extracted air.
Apply local exhaust ventilation (LEV) at the source of
exposure to capture the airborne contaminant and
Always confirm that the extraction is turned on and
enclose the process as much as possible.
working at the start of work.
contaminants effectively. This will depend on the
doors, windows and air inlets. Ensure that extracted
air is cleaned before discharge to the environment.
Ensure LEV complies with the requirement of
USECHH Regulations.
Maintenance
Enclose the weigh station as much as possible
(see figure). Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
Make the enclosure deep enough to contain as advised by the supplier/installer in effective and
equipment and materials. efficient working order and good repair.
Keep the open area as small as possible - while
allowing enough room for safe working. Use
see-through panels and plastic strips to reduce the
140
Cleaning and housekeeping Supervision
Get information on the design performance of the Provide supervision to ensure that safe work
LEV from the supplier. Keep this information to procedures are followed.
Inspect the LEV at least once a month to ensure the are in place and being followed.
Ensure the LEV is examined and tested against its Worker’s Checklist
least every 12 months. Make sure the LEV is switched on and is
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least working.
five years. Make sure it is running properly.
(

Cleaning and housekeeping operation of any equipment used. If
Clean work equipment, and the work area daily. supervisor. Do not carry on working if
Clean other equipment and the workroom regularly, there is a problem.
once a week is recommended. Make sure that paper bags and other
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case waste material are not drawn into the
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute ventilation duct.
the procedure. Make sure that large items do not obstruct
Store containers in a safe place and dispose off the working opening.
containers drums safely (refer CGS G101). Wash hands before and after eating,
Put lids on containers immediately after use. drinking or using the washroom.
Do not clean up with a dry brush or compressed air. Do not use solvents to clean skin.
Vacuum dry dust or use wet cleaning method. Clear up spills immediately. Follow
spillage procedure.
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to see what • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
PPE is necessary. Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable 2005
PPE. • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary to Health, DOSH 2001
for some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. • Control Guidance Sheets G101, G204, S100, S101,
cleaning up spills. S102 and R001
contamination. • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
Training gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
Give workers information on the risk of using the https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
chemicals. safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
141
Mixing Solids with Other Solids or Liquids

G215
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

(

recommendation on mixing medium quantities
of solids with other solids or liquids. It
points are followed. Some chemicals can
also be flammable or corrosive. Therefore, the Mixing solids with other solids or liquids
Refer to Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more Provide an easy way of checking the control is
information. working, e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent.
Workplace and access doors, windows and air inlets.
to the environment.
workers only.
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas Maintenance
Design and equipment as advised by the supplier/ installer, in effective and
Enclose the mixer as much as possible, and provide
seals on the lid and other access points.
Position the local exhaust ventilation (LEV) hood as
close to the source of the dust as possible. Get information on the design performance of the
Airflow across the whole mixer top towards the LEV LEV from the supplier. Keep this information to
should be sufficient to control airborne contaminants compare with future test results.
effectively. This will depend on the design, size of Inspect the LEV at least once a month to ensure the
opening and the type of process and chemical being equipment is functioning properly and effectively.
controlled. Where possible, use lids on the mixer to Ensure the LEV is examined and tested against its
contain dust and vapours. performance specification by hygiene technician at
Where possible, locate the working area away from least every 12 months.
doors, windows and walkways to stop draughts Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least
interfering with the ventilation and spreading dusts. five years.
extracted air.
142
Clean work equipment, and the work area daily. Make sure the LEV is switched on and is
Clean other equipment and the workroom regularly, working.
once a week is recommended. Make sure it is running properly.
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case Make sure the air movement is across or
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute away from your face, and try not to lean
the procedure. into the mixer when adding materials.
Store containers in a safe place and dispose off Look for signs of damage, wear or poor
containers drums safely (Refer CGS G101). operation of any equipment used. If
Put lids on containers immediately after use. worker finds any problems, inform the
Do not clean up with a dry brush or compressed air. supervisor. Do not carry on working if
(
there is a problem.
Make sure that paper bags and other
Personal protective equipment (PPE) waste material are not drawn into the
ventilation duct.
Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin Wash hands before and after eating,
and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and drinking or using the washroom.
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101 and S102 for Do not use solvents to clean skin.
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to see what Clear up spills immediately. Follow
PPE is necessary. spillage procedure.
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable Use, maintain and store any PPE
PPE. provided in accordance with instructions.
for some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. Further information
cleaning up spills. • Safety Data Sheets
Keep PPE clean, and replace it at recommended • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
intervals. Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid 2005
contamination. • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
Training • Control Guidance Sheets G101, G204, S100, S101,
S102 and R001
chemicals. Useful links
Provide workers with training on: • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
• handling chemicals safely; • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
• how to use control equipment properly and ensure • HSE COSHH essentials website: https://www.hse.
the control is working; gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
• when and how to use any PPE provided; • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
• any safe work procedure; and https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
• what to do if something goes wrong. safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
Supervision

143
Mixing Solids
G216
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

Standards of Exposure of Chemicals VenƟlated Closed feed
Hazardous to Health) Regulations (USECHH feed for for Control
(
Control Approach 3
chemicals and protecting workers’ health. The Approach 2
Ribbon mixer

recommendation on mixing large quantities of
solids using the example of a ribbon mixer. It
Discharge
be flammable or corrosive. Therefore, the Mixing solids
Refer to Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more Where possible, locate the working area away from
information. doors, windows and walkways to stop draughts
interfering with the ventilation and spreading dust.
Workplace and access Provide an air supply to the workroom to replace
extracted air.
Restrict access to the work area to authorised Provide an easy way of checking the control is
workers only. working, e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent.
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. doors, windows and air inlets.
Design and equipment to the environment.
Maintenance
Enclose the mixer as much as possible.
Provide suitable seals on the lid and other access
points to minimize dust leakage.
as advised by the supplier/ installer, in effective and
Ensure that lids and other access points can be
securely closed before operation of the mixer.
Ensure the mixer; seals, gaskets etc. are suitable for
the intended use.
Provide a ventilated enclosure around the filling point
with sufficient inward airflow (unless a closed feed is Get information on the design performance of the
used). engineering control equipment from the supplier.
Consider arrangements for dust-free discharge from Keep this information to compare with future test
the mixer, e.g. discharge direct to an enclosed results.
conveyor system. Alternatively, provide local exhaust Inspect the engineering control equipment at least
ventilation (LEV) at the discharge point with sufficient once a month to ensure the equipment is functioning
airflow. properly and effectively.
144
If the equipment is equipped with the LEV, ensure Worker’s Checklist

that the LEV is examined and tested against its
performance specification by hygiene technician at Make sure any engineering control
least every 12 months. equipment is switched on and is working.
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least Make sure it is running properly.
five years. Look for signs of leaks, wear or damage of
Cleaning and housekeeping problems, inform the supervisor. Do not
carry on working if there is a problem.
Clean work equipment, and the work area daily. Make sure that paper bags and other
Clean other equipment and the workroom regularly, waste material aren’t drawn into the
once a week is recommended. ventilation duct.
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case Wash hands before and after eating,
(
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute drinking or using the washroom.
the procedure. Do not use solvents to clean skin.
Store containers in a safe place and dispose off Clear up spills immediately. Follow
containers drums safely (Refer CGS G101). spillage procedure.
Put lids on containers immediately after use. Use, maintain and store any PPE
Do not clean up with a dry brush or compressed air. provided in accordance with instructions.

Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008.
PPE is necessary.
2005
PPE.
S102 and R001
cleaning up spills.
Keep PPE clean, and replace it at recommended Useful links
intervals. • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
contamination. • HSE COSHH essentials website: https://www.hse.
chemicals.
Supervision

145
Mixing Liquids with Other Liquids or Solids

G217
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

Regulations) by controlling exposure to Removal Stirrer
(
and Control for Chemicals (SiRAC). Hinged lid

recommendation on mixing medium and large
quantities of liquids with other liquids or solids.
be flammable or corrosive. Therefore, the Mixing liquids with other liquids or solids
Refer to Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more Provide an easy way of checking the control is
information. working, e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent.
Workplace and access doors, windows and air inlets.
With vapours, air re-circulation is not recommended.
Restrict access to the work area to authorised Ensure that extracted air is cleaned before
workers only. discharging to the environment.
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. Maintenance
Design and equipment Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
Position the local exhaust ventilation (LEV) hood as
near to the source of the vapour as possible.
Enclose the top of the mixer as much as possible. Inspection, testing and examination
Airflow across the whole mixer top towards the LEV
should be sufficient to control airborne contaminants Get information on the design performance of the
effectively. This will depend on the design, size of LEV from the supplier. Keep this information to
opening and the type of process and chemicals being compare with future test results.
controlled. Inspect the LEV at least once a month to ensure the
Where possible, site the work area away from doors, equipment is functioning properly and effectively.
windows and walkways to stop draughts interfering Ensure the LEV is examined and tested against its
with the ventilation and spreading vapours. performance specification by hygiene technician at
Provide an air supply to the workroom to replace least every 12 months.
extracted air. Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least
Keep ducts short and simple, and avoid long sections five years.
of flexible duct.
146
Clean work equipment, and the work and storage Make sure the LEV is switched on and is
area daily. Clean other equipment and the workroom working.
regularly, once a week is recommended. Make sure it is running properly.
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case Make sure the air movement is across or
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute away from face.
the procedure. Look for signs of damage, wear or poor
Store containers in a safe place and dispose off operation of any equipment used. If
containers drums safely (refer CGS G101). worker finds any problems, inform the
Put lids on containers immediately after use. supervisor. Do not carry on working if
there is a problem.
Personal protective equipment (PPE) Make sure that paper bags and other
(
waste material are not drawn into the

Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin ventilation duct.
and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and Wash hands before and after eating,
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101 and S102 for drinking or using the washroom.
more specific advice. Refer to SDS to see what PPE Do not use solvents to clean skin.
is necessary. Clear up spills immediately. Follow
Ask PPE supplier on advice on selection of suitable spillage procedure.
PPE. Use, maintain and store any PPE
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary provided in accordance with instructions.
cleaning up spills. Further information
Keep PPE clean, and replace it at recommended • Safety Data Sheets
intervals. • Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid Design, Inspection, Testing and Examination of
contamination. Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
Training Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
2005
Give workers information on the risk of using the • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
chemicals. to Health, DOSH 2001
Provide workers with training on: • Control Guidance Sheets G101, S100, S101, S102
• handling chemicals safely; and R001
the control is working; Useful links
• when and how to use any PPE provided; • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
• any safe work procedure; and • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
• what to do if something goes wrong. • HSE COSHH essentials website: https://www.hse.
Training programme should be reviewed and gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
conducted at least once in two years. • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
Supervision

147
Sieving
G218
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

Exhaust
(
Hood
good practice advice on sieving medium
quantities of solids. It describes the key points Sieve
can also be flammable or corrosive. Therefore, To process
too. Refer to Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more Sieving
information.
discharge.
Workplace and access Consider the need for explosion relief for
Restrict access to the work area to authorised appropriately earthed.
workers only. Where possible, locate the work area away from
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas doors, windows and walkways to stop draughts
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. interfering with the LEV and spreading dust.
extracted air.
of flexible duct.
Provide an enclosure around the filling point for the Provide an easy way of checking the control is
sieve (refer figure). working, e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent.
Airflow must be sufficient to control airborne Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
contaminants effectively. This will depend on the doors, windows and air inlets.
design, size of opening and the type of process and Ensure that extracted air is cleaned before discharge
chemical being controlled. to the environment.
Ensure that seals and/or clamps are provided to stop
dust leaking between the sieve and other Maintenance
components.
Provide facilities to safely dispose of empty bags.
Consider the need for additional ventilation at the
disposal point.
Control the speed of sieving to the slowest speed
consistent with efficient production.
Discharge into an enclosed system, e.g. vacuum
transfer, or provide additional local exhaust
ventilation (LEV) to control dust at the point of
148
engineering control equipment from the supplier. procedures are followed.
ensure the engineering control equipment is Worker’s Checklist
functioning properly and effectively.
Ensure that the engineering control equipment is Make sure the engineering control
examined and tested against its performance equipment is switched on and working.
specification by hygiene technician at least every 12 Make sure it is running properly.
months.
(

Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least operation of any equipment used. If
five years. worker finds any problems, inform the
Clean work equipment, and the work area daily. waste are not drawn into the ventilation
Clean other equipment and the workroom regularly, duct.
once a week is recommended. Wash hands before and after eating,
Store containers in a safe place and dispose off spillage procedure.
containers drums safely (Refer CGS G101). Use, maintain and store any PPE

for some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. • Control Guidance Sheets G101, S100, S101, S102
cleaning up spills. and R001
contamination. • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
Training gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
149
Screening
G219
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

Standards of Exposure of Chemicals Feed Exhaust
Regulation) by controlling exposure to
(

recommendation on screening large quantities
of solids. It describes the key points that need
to be followed to help reduce exposure to an Undersize Product Oversize
acceptable level. It is important that all the discharge discharge
controls must be suitable for those hazards too. Screening
Refer to Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more
information. Consider the use of dust seals between fixed and
moving parts of the screen.
combustible solids and ensure equipment is
workers only.
doors, windows and walkways to stop draughts
interfering with the ventilation and spreading
contamination.
Design and equipment extracted air.
Enclose the screen as much as possible, particularly of flexible duct.
at the feed and discharge points. Provide an easy way of checking the control is
Provide local exhaust ventilation (LEV) at the feed working, e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent.
chute and drop points (refer figure). Additional Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
ventilation may be required for the receiving hopper. doors, windows and air inlets.
Airflow must be sufficient to control airborne Ensure that extracted air is cleaned before discharge
contaminants effectively. This will depend on the to the environment.
chemical being controlled. Maintenance
Design the enclosure in sections to allow easy
access for cleaning and maintenance. Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
Hinged doors should be provided for routine as advised by the supplier/ installer, in effective and
inspection. efficient working order and good repair.
Provide as much space as possible within the Maintain system at least on monthly basis.
enclosures. This will help contain the dust.
150
Get information on the design performance of the Establish a system to monitor that control measures
LEV from the supplier. Keep this information to are in place and being followed.
compare with future test results. Provide supervision to ensure that safe work
Inspect the LEV at least once a month to ensure the procedures are followed.
five years. Make sure it is running properly.
(

containers drums safely (refer CGS G101). Use, maintain and store any PPE
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101and S102 for Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to see what 2005
PPE is necessary. • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable to Health, DOSH 2001
PPE. • Control Guidance Sheets G101, G204, S100, S101,
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary S102 and R001
cleaning up spills. Useful links
Keep PPE clean, and replace it at recommended • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
intervals. • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid • HSE COSHH essentials website: https://www.hse.
contamination. gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
chemicals.
151
Spray Painting (Small Scale)

G220
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

(
and Control for Chemicals (SiRAC). 1 m/s
average
This sheet is used where the assessment airŇow
RotaƟng
recommendation for small-scale spray painting
pedestal
tasks. It describes the key points that need to
controls must be suitable for those hazards too. Small scale spray painting
information. Do not store items inside the ventilated area, they will
obstruct the airflow.
Workplace and access Provide good lighting. It should be suitable for the
chemical(s) and task(s), e.g. dust tight or flameproof.
Restrict access to the work area to authorised Use filters to avoid paint deposits on electric motors,
workers only. fan blades and ventilation ducts.
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas Ensure large items do not obstruct the work opening.
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. Consider where sprayed items are to be located
whilst drying. A second ventilated area may be
required.
Design and equipment Where possible, locate the work area away from
Apply local exhaust ventilation (LEV) at the source of interfering with the ventilation and spreading vapour.
contaminants effectively. This will depend on the working, e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent.
design, size of opening and the type of process and Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
chemicals being controlled. doors, windows and air inlets.
Ensure LEV equipment complies with the With vapours, air re-circulation is not recommended.
requirement of USECHH Regulations. Ensure that extracted air is cleaned before discharge
Enclose the work area fully (refer figure). Make the to the environment.
enclosure deep enough to contain equipment and
materials.
Keep the open area as small as possible, while
allowing enough room for safe working.
Provide a turntable to make it easier to cover all
surfaces.
152
Maintenance Training programme should be reviewed and

as advised by the supplier/ installer, in effective and Supervision
Maintain system at least on monthly basis. Provide supervision to ensure that safe work
Inspection, testing and examination Establish a system to monitor that control measures
LEV from the supplier. Keep this information to Worker’s Checklist
(
Inspect the LEV at least once a month to ensure the Make sure the LEV is switched on and is
equipment is functioning properly and effectively. working.
Ensure that the LEV is examined and tested against Make sure it is running properly.
its performance specification by hygiene technician Look for signs of damage, wear or poor
at least every 12 months. operation of any equipment used. If
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least worker finds any problems, inform the
five years. supervisor. Do not carry on working if
there is a problem.
Cleaning and housekeeping Make sure that paper bags and other
Clean work equipment, and the work area daily. ventilation duct.
Clean other equipment and the workroom regularly, Make sure that large items do not obstruct
once a week is recommended. the work opening.
containers drums safely (refer CGS G101). spillage procedure.
Further information
Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin • Safety data sheets
cause harm. See CGS S100, S101and S102 for Design, Inspection, Testing and Examination of
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to see what Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
PPE is necessary. • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
PPE. 2005
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
for some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. to Health, DOSH 2001
cleaning up spills. • Control Guidance Sheets G101, S100, S101, S102
Keep PPE clean, and replace it at recommended and R001
intervals.
chemicals.
153
Spray Painting (Medium Scale)

G221
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

Standards of Exposure of Chemicals Exhaust

(
chemicals and protecting workers’ health. The Water spray

and Control for Chemicals (SiRAC). 1.0 m/s average
Ňow

AirŇow
control measure and good practice Water to
recommendation on medium-scale spray Rotatable
recirculaƟon
system
painting tasks. It describes the key points that pedestal
need to be followed to help reduce exposure to

controls must be suitable for those hazards too. Medium scale spray painting
information. Provide good lighting. It should be suitable for the
chemical(s) and task, e.g. vapour tight or flameproof.
Workplace and access Ensure large items do not obstruct the work opening.
Consider where sprayed items are to be located
Restrict access to the work area to authorised whilst drying. A second ventilated area may be
workers only. required.
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas Where possible, locate the work area away from
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. doors, windows and walkways to stop draughts
interfering with the ventilation.
extracted air.
Use a spray booth to capture the airborne working, e.g. a airflow indicator or equivalent.
contaminants and enclose the process as much as Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
possible. The booth should be large enough to doors, windows and air inlets.
contain all plant and equipment required for the Ensure that extracted air is cleaned before discharge
process. to the environment.
Air should be exhausted from the booth across the With vapours, air re-circulation is not recommended.
full cross-sectional area.
Airflow must be sufficient to control airborne Maintenance
contaminants effectively. This will depend on the
Provide a turntable so that objects can be rotated
and the operator does not need to spray into the
airflow.
Ensure that the water level in the reservoir is kept just
above the base of the baffle (refer figure).
154
engineering control equipment from the supplier. procedures are followed.
once a month to ensure the equipment is functioning Worker’s Checklist
properly and effectively.
Ensure that the engineering control equipment is Make sure the engineering control
examined and tested against its performance equipment is switched on and is working.
specification by hygiene technician at least every 12 Make sure it is running properly.
months.
(

Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least away from your face. Do not spray into the
five years. airflow.
once a week is recommended. Check that the water in the reservoir is at
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case the correct level.
the procedure. waste material are not drawn into the
Store containers in a safe place and dispose off ventilation duct.
containers drums safely (refer CGS G101). Make sure large items do not obstruct the
Put lids on containers immediately after use. work opening.
Personal protective equipment (PPE) drinking or using the washroom.
Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin Clear up spills immediately. Follow
and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and spillage procedure.
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101and S102 for Use, maintain and store any PPE
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to see what provided in accordance with instructions.
PPE is necessary.
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable Further information
PPE. • Safety Data Sheets
Keep PPE clean, and replace it at recommended • Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for
intervals. Design, Inspection, Testing and Examination of
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
contamination. • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
Training 2005
Give workers information on the risk of using the to Health, DOSH 2001
chemicals. • Control Guidance Sheets G101, S100, S101, S102
Provide workers with training on: and R001
• how to use control equipment properly and ensure Useful links
the control is working; • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
• when and how to use any PPE provided; • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
• any safe work procedure; and • HSE COSHH essentials website: https://www.hse.
• what to do if something goes wrong. gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
Training programme should be reviewed and • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
conducted at least once in 2 years. https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
155
Powder Coating (Medium Scale)

G222
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

Standards of Exposure of Chemicals Overhead monorail conveyor
(
1.0 m/s 1.0 m/s
This sheet is used where the assessment airŇow airŇow

chemical(s) and task(s). This sheet provides Exhaust to
powder conveyor
control measure and good practice and dust
recommendation on medium and large-scale collecƟon
powder coating tasks. It describes the key

points that need to be followed to help reduce
the controls must be suitable for those hazards Powder coating unit
information Adjust the application equipment to minimize powder
use.
Workplace and access Ensure work pieces are properly earthed to
maximize powder attraction and minimize overspray.
Restrict access to the work area to authorised Make the booth large enough to contain overspray.
workers only. Keep the open areas as small as possible – while
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas allowing enough room for safe working.
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. Provide good lighting. It should be suitable for the
chemical(s) and task(s) e.g. dust tight or flameproof.
Design and equipment combustible solids, and ensure that
all equipment is appropriately earthed.
Use a spray booth to capture the airborne Ensure workers are properly trained, and avoid bad
contaminants and enclose the process as much as working practices such as leaning into the booth
possible (refer figure). The booth should have when spraying.
smooth and impervious internal surfaces with Where possible, locate the work area away from
arrangements to contain and recycle overspray doors, windows and walkways to stop draughts
powder. interfering with the ventilation.
Air should be exhausted from the booth across the Provide an air supply to the workroom to replace
full cross-sectional area. extracted air.
contaminants effectively. This will depend on the working, e.g. a airflow indicator or equivalent.
design, size of opening and the type of process and Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
chemical being controlled. doors, windows and air inlets.
Consider the use of 'air curtains' at the entrance and Ensure that extracted air is cleaned before discharge
exit to contain dust. to the environment.
Use ‘direct from box’ powder feed systems where
possible.
156
Maintenance Training
Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained Give workers information on the risk of using the
as advised by the supplier/installer. chemicals.
Keep all equipment in effective and efficient working Provide workers with training on:
order and good repair. • handling chemicals safely;
Maintain system at least on monthly basis. • how to use control equipment properly and ensure
Inspection, testing and examination • when and how to use any PPE provided;
Get information on the design performance of the • what to do if something goes wrong.
engineering control equipment from the supplier. Training programme should be reviewed and
(
Keep this information to compare with future test

results.
Inspect the engineering control equipment at least Supervision
properly and effectively. Provide supervision to ensure that safe work
Ensure the engineering control equipment is procedures are followed.
examined and tested against its performance Establish a system to monitor that control measures
specification by hygiene technician at least every 12 are in place and being followed.
months.
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least Worker’s Checklist
five years.
Make sure the engineering control
Cleaning and housekeeping equipment is switched on and is working.
Clean work equipment, and the work area daily. Look for signs of damage, wear or poor
Clean other equipment and the workroom regularly, operation of any equipment used. If
once a week is recommended. worker finds any problem, inform the
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case supervisor. Do not carry on working if
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute there is a problem.
the procedure. Minimise the use of compressed air during
Store containers in a safe place and dispose off booth cleaning.
containers drums safely (refer CGS G101). Do not lean into the booth during spraying
Put lids on containers immediately after use. or cleaning.
Do not clean up with a dry brush or compressed air. Wash hands before and after eating,
Vacuum dry dust or use wet cleaning method. drinking or using the washroom.
cause harm. See CGS S100, S101and S102 for Further information
Keep PPE clean, and replace it at recommended • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
intervals. Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
contamination. • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
S102 and R001
157
Useful links
(
158
Batch Lamination
G223
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

Hazardous to Health) Regulations (USECHH Exhaust
Baŋe or
(
perforated
screen to
chemicals and protecting workers’ health. The ensure even

airŇow
and Control for Chemicals (SiRAC). AirŇow
Exhaust
recommends Control Approach 2 (Engineering Movable
extracƟon
control) as the suitable approach for hood
chemical(s) and task(s).This sheet provides

recommendation on medium and large scale
GRP (glass reinforced plastic) batch lamination.
be flammable or corrosive. Therefore, the Batch lamination activity under an LEV system
Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more Provide movable LEV hoods as near to the source of
information. vapour as possible.
Ensure there are sufficient LEV hoods to cover the
Workplace and access working areas.
Design the enclosure in sections to allow easy access
for cleaning and maintenance.
Consider the use of ‘air curtains’ at the entrance and
workers only.
exit to contain dust.
sections of flexible duct.
Design and equipment chemical(s) and task(s), e.g. dust tight or flameproof.
Apply local exhaust ventilation (LEV) at the source of windows and walkways, to stop draughts interfering
exposure to capture the airborne contaminant and with the LEV and spreading the airborne contaminant.
enclose the process as much as possible. Provide an air supply to the workroom to replace
Airflow must be sufficient to control airborne extracted air.
contaminants effectively. This will depend on the Provide an easy way of checking the control is
design, size of opening and the type of process and working, e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent.
chemical being controlled. Fit an indicator or alarm to show if filters have blocked
Ensure LEV equipment complies with the or failed. Discharge extracted air to a safe place away
requirement of USECHH Regulations. from doors, windows and air inlets.
Ensure the air enters the work area across the full Always confirm that the extraction is turned on and
cross-sectional area of the room. A positive pressure working at the start of work.
plenum with diffusers should be considered. With vapours, re-circulation is not recommended.
The inlet airflow should be low to avoid turbulence. Ensure all components are appropriate for the
Position the lay-up area so that air flows across the materials being captured, ie suitable for explosive,
mould and generally across the body of the operator. corrosive and flammable substances.
159
Consider the need for explosion relief for Training

chemicals.
Maintenance Provide workers with training on:
Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained • how to use control equipment properly and ensure
as advised by the supplier/installer. the control is working;
Keep all equipment in effective and efficient working • when and how to use any PPE provided;
order and good repair. • any safe work procedure; and
Maintain system at least on monthly basis. • what to do if something goes wrong.
Inspection, testing and examination conducted at least once in two years.
(
compare with future test results. Provide supervision to ensure that safe work
Inspect the LEV at least once a month to ensure the procedures are followed.
equipment is functioning properly and effectively. Establish a system to monitor that control measures
Ensure the LEV is examined and tested against its are in place and being followed.
five years.
working.
Cleaning and housekeeping Make sure it is running properly.
Clean work equipment, and the work area daily. away from your face.
Clean other equipment and the workroom regularly, Look for signs of damage, wear or poor
once a week is recommended. operation of any equipment used. If
the procedure. there is a problem.
containers drums safely (refer CGS G101). drinking or using the washroom.
Do not clean up with a dry brush or compressed air. Clear up spills immediately. Follow
Vacuum dry dust or use wet cleaning method. spillage procedure.

cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101and S102 for • Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to see what Design, Inspection, Testing and Examination of
PPE is necessary. Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
PPE. Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary 2005
for some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
cleaning up spills. Refer CGS R001. to Health, DOSH 2001
Keep PPE clean, and replace it at recommended • Control Guidance Sheets G101, S100, S101, S102
intervals. and R001
contamination.
160
Useful links
(
161
Continuous Lamination
G224
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

(

continuous lamination tasks. It describes the
Therefore, the controls must be suitable for Continuous lamination equipped with an
those hazards too. Refer to Safety Data Sheet LEV system
The hood should extend to the full width of the
Workplace and access material.
The exhaust rate from the hood should exceed the air
Restrict access to the work area to authorised volume flowing into the hood.
workers only. Design the enclosure in sections to allow easy access
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas for cleaning and maintenance.
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. Consider providing handling aids to minimise manual
handling.
Design and equipment nature of the chemical(s) and task(s), e.g. dust tight or
flameproof, if needed.
Apply local exhaust ventilation (LEV) at the source of Additional ventilation may be required at the
exposure to capture the airborne contaminant and adhesive trough.
enclose the process as much as possible. Where possible, site the work area away from doors,
Airflow must be sufficient to control airborne windows and walkways to stop draught interfering
contaminants effectively. This will depend on the with the ventilation and spreading the airborne
design, size of opening and the type of process and contamination.
substance being controlled. Keep ducts short and simple, and avoid long sections
Ensure there are sufficient LEV hoods to cover the of flexible duct.
working areas. Provide an easy way of checking the control is
Ensure LEV equipment comply to the requirement of working, e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent.
USECHH Regulations. Fit an indicator or alarm to show if filters have blocked
Position the receiving hood as close to the source of or failed.
vapour as possible (see illustration). Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
Position the receiving hood to make maximum use of doors, windows and air inlets.
the airflow induced by the movement of the material. Always confirm that the extraction is turned on and
162
Have a clean air supply coming into the workroom to Training

chemicals.
materials being captured, ie suitable for explosive,
Maintenance • what to do if something goes wrong.
Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained conducted at least once in two years.
(
as advised by the supplier/installer.

Keep all equipment in effective and efficient working Supervision
Inspection, testing and examination Establish a system to monitor that control measures
working.
Make sure it is running properly; check the
airflow indicator or other equipment;
five years.
Clean work equipment, and the work area daily. waste material are not drawn into the
Clean other equipment and the workroom regularly, ventilation duct.
containers drums safely (refer CGS G101). Use, maintain and store any PPE

Further information
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to get Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008.
information on suitable PPE. • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
PPE. 2005
cleaning up spills. Refer CGS R001 for more specific • Control Guidance Sheets G101, S100, S101, S102
advice.
intervals.
contamination.
163
Useful links
(
164
Pickling Bath (Medium Scale)

G225
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

Hazardous to Health) Regulations (USECHH Overhead
monorail
(
conveyor

recommendation on pickling using
medium-scale pickling bath. It describes the
Therefore, the controls must be suitable for Pickling bath equipped with an
those hazards too. Refer to Safety Data Sheet LEV (push-pull system)
Consider using plastic balls/beads, anti-foams or
Workplace and access chips etc to reduce vapour and mist formation on the
surface of the tank.
Restrict access to the work area to authorised For an electroplating bath, select plating solutions
workers only. that reduce electrode gassing.
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas Design the enclosure in sections to allow easy access
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. for cleaning and maintenance.
doors, windows and walkway to stop draught
interfering with the ventilation and spreading the
airborne contaminant.
Apply local exhaust ventilation (LEV) at the source of Keep ducts short and simple, and avoid long sections
exposure to capture the airborne contaminant and of flexible duct.
enclose the process as much as possible. Provide an easy way of checking the control is
Airflow must be sufficient to control airborne working, e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent.
contaminants effectively. This will depend on the Fit an indicator or alarm to show if filters have blocked
design, size of opening and the type of process and or failed.
chemicals being controlled. Always confirm that the extraction is turned on and
Ensure LEV equipment complies with the working at the start of work. Discharge extracted air to
requirement of USECHH Regulations. a safe place away from doors, windows and air inlets.
Avoid the use of air agitation for the tank. With vapours, air re-circulation is not recommended.
Ensure replacement air is supplied evenly across the Ensure all components are appropriate for the
tank. materials being captured, i.e. suitable for explosive,
Consider the need for corrosion resistant ductwork corrosive and flammable substances.
and hoods. Consider the need for explosion relief for
Ensure the incompatible exhaust gas are combustible solids, and ensure equipment is
segregated, such as acidic vapours, alkali mists etc. appropriately earthed.
165
Maintenance Training
Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained Give workers information on the risk of using the
as advised by the supplier/installer. chemicals.
Keep all equipment in effective and efficient working Provide workers with training on:
order and good repair. • handling chemicals safely;
Maintain system at least on monthly basis. • how to use control equipment properly and ensure
Inspection, testing and examination • when and how to use any PPE provided;
Get information on the design performance of the • what to do if something goes wrong.
LEV from the supplier. Keep this information to Training programme should be reviewed and
(
equipment is functioning properly and effectively. Supervision
performance specification by hygiene technician at Provide supervision to ensure that safe work
least every 12 months. procedures are followed.
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least Establish a system to monitor that control measures
five years. are in place and being followed.
Clean work equipment and the work area daily. Clean Make sure the LEV is switched on and is
other equipment and the workroom regularly, once a working.
week is recommended. Make sure it is running properly, check the
Clean the interior of the tank from the outside using airflow indicator or other equipment.
long handled tools, with the extraction on. Do not lean Look for signs of damage, wear or poor
into the bath to remove debris. operation of any equipment used. If
the procedure. Store containers in a safe place and there is a problem.
dispose off containers drums safely (refer CGS Make sure that paper bags and other
G101). waste material are not drawn into the
Put lids on containers immediately after use. ventilation duct.
Make sure that the tanks are covered
Personal protective equipment (PPE) when not in use.
Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin drinking or using the washroom.
and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and Do not use solvents to clean skin.
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101 and S102 for Clear up spills immediately. Follow
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to get spillage procedure.
information on suitable PPE. Use, maintain and store any PPE
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable provided in accordance with instructions.
PPE.
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary Further information
for some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. • Safety Data Sheets
cleaning up spills. Refer CGS R001 for more specific • Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for
advice. Design, Inspection, Testing and Examination of
Keep PPE clean, and replace it at recommended Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
intervals. • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
contamination. 2005
and R001
166
Useful links
(
167
Pickling Bath (Large Scale)

G226
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

LiŌing hoist, liŌing/lowering rate
the Occupational Safety and Health (Use and should be less than 3 m/min to
Standards of Exposure of Chemicals Exhaust minimise air turbulence and vapour
Hazardous to Health) Regulations (USECHH drag-out.
(

chemical(s) and task(s). This sheet provides Slot
control measure and good practice extract
hood
recommendation on pickling using a
large-scale pickling bath. It describes the key
points that need to be followed to help reduce Horizontal slot air supply
exposure to an acceptable level. It is important directed at between 0° to 20°
that all the points are followed. Some chemicals down angle
the controls must be suitable for those hazards Pickling bath equipped with an
too. Refer to Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more LEV (push-pull system)
information.
Ensure incompatible exhaust gases are segregated,
Workplace and access such as acidic vapours, alkali mists, oil vapour etc.
Consider using plastic balls/beads, anti-foams or
Restrict access to the work area to authorised chips etc to reduce vapour and mist formation on the
workers only. surface of the tank.
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas For an electroplating bath, select plating solutions
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. that reduce electrode gassing.
Design the enclosure in sections to allow easy access
Design and equipment for cleaning and maintenance.
Avoid manual handling. Consider mechanical/
pneumatic assistance.
Apply local exhaust ventilation (LEV) at the source of Where possible, locate the work area away from
exposure to capture the airborne contaminant and doors, windows and walkways to stop draughts
enclose the process as much as possible. interfering with the ventilation and spreading the
Airflow must be sufficient to control airborne airborne contaminant.
contaminants effectively. This will depend on the Provide an air supply to the workroom to replace
design, size of opening and the type of process and extracted air.
chemicals being controlled. Keep ducts short and simple, and avoid long sections
Ensure LEV equipment complies with the of flexible duct.
requirement of USECHH Regulations. Provide an easy way of checking the control is
Ensure jet airflow across the surface of the tank working, e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent. Fit an
directs the vapour, mist etc away from the operator. indicator or alarm to show if filters have blocked or
Avoid the use of air agitation for the tank. failed.
Consider a partial cover for the tank. Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
Consider the need for corrosion resistant ductwork doors, windows and air inlets.
and hoods. Always confirm that the extraction is turned on and
Have a clean air supply coming into the
168
workroom to replace extracted air. Training

Ensure all components are appropriate for the Give workers information on the risk of using the
materials being captured, i.e. suitable for explosive, chemicals.
corrosive and flammable chemicals. Provide workers with training on:
as advised by the supplier/installer. • any safe work procedure; and
Keep all equipment in effective and efficient working • what to do if something goes wrong.
order and good repair. Training programme should be reviewed and
Maintain system at least on monthly basis. conducted at least once in two years.
(
LEV from the supplier. Keep this information to procedures are followed.
Inspect the LEV at least once a month to ensure the are in place and being followed.
five years. Make sure it is running properly; check
airflow indicator or other equipment.
Clean work equipment, and the work area daily. worker finds any problems, inform the
Clean other equipment and the workroom regularly, supervisor. Do not carry on working if
once a week is recommended. there is a problem.
Clean the interior of the tank from the outside using Make sure the tanks are covered when
long handled tools, with the extraction on. Do not lean not in use.
into the bath to remove debris Wash hands before and after eating,
the procedure. Store containers in a safe place and Clear up spills immediately. Follow
dispose off containers drums safely (refer CGS spillage procedure.
G101). Use, maintain and store any PPE

Further information
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101and S102 for
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to get
information on suitable PPE.
2005
PPE.
cleaning up spills. Refer CGS R001 for more specific
and R001
advice.
intervals.
contamination.
169
Useful links
(
170
Vapour Degreasing Bath

G227
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

Exhaust
(

Lip extraction

Freeboard
good practice advice on medium and
large-scale vapour degreasing baths. It
followed to help reduce exposure to an Cooling coils

points are followed. Some chemicals can also Drain tap
controls must be suitable for those hazards too. Vapour degreasing bath equipped an
Refer to Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more LEV (push-pull system)
information.
Workplace and access extracted air.
Restrict access to the work area to authorised of flexible duct.
workers only. Provide an easy way of checking the control is
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas working, e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent.
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
Design and equipment Ensure that extracted air is cleaned before discharge
to the environment.
With vapours, re-circulation is not recommended.
Ensure the bath has rim ventilation.
The freeboard height (refer figure) should be at least
Maintenance
75% of the width of the open area of the bath.
Allow components to fully dry in the freeboard zone.
Cover the bath when not in use. Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
Ensure operators are trained not to withdraw work as advised by the supplier/installer. Keep all
pieces too quickly from the bath as this will drag out equipment in effective and efficient working order and
vapour. good repair.
Ensure the bath has a bottom drain for removing the Maintain system at least on monthly basis.
solvent.
Set the bath thermostat correctly and balance the
heating and cooling systems so as not to overload
the cooling coils.
doors, windows and walkways to stop draught
interfering with the ventilation and spreading vapour.
171
equipment from the supplier. Keep this information to procedures are followed.
examined and tested against its performance Make sure the ventilation and cooling
specification by hygiene technician at least every 12 system are switched on and are working.
months. Make sure it is running properly.
(
there is a problem.
Clean work equipment and the work area daily. Clean Do not withdraw work pieces too quickly
other equipment and the workroom regularly, once a from the bath.
week is recommended. Make sure the vapour degreasing baths
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case are covered when not in use.
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute Do not enter a vapour degreasing bath to
the procedure. clean it without taking suitable
Store containers in a safe place and dispose off precautions.
containers drums safely (refer CGS G101). Wash hands before and after eating,
Put lids on containers immediately after use. drinking or using the washroom.
Personal protective equipment (PPE) Clear up spills immediately. Follow
spillage procedure.
Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin Use, maintain and store any PPE
and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and provided in accordance with instructions.
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to get Further information
information on suitable PPE. • Safety Data Sheets
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable • Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for
PPE. Design, Inspection, Testing and Examination of
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
for some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
cleaning up spills. Refer CGS R001 for more specific Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
advice. 2005
Keep PPE clean, and replace it at recommended • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
intervals. to Health, DOSH 2001
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid • Control Guidance Sheets G101, S100, S101, S102
contamination. and R001
Training Useful links

chemicals. • HSE COSHH essentials website: https://www.hse.
Provide workers with training on: gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
the control is working; safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
172
Tray Drying Oven

G228
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

employers to comply with the requirements of Exhaust
(


recommendation on medium scale drying tasks
using a tray drying oven. It describes the key
Slot
points that need to be followed to help reduce extracƟon
exposure to an acceptable level. It is important Extracted cupboard for keg
the controls must be suitable for those hazards Tray drying oven equipped with LEV system
information. Where flammable solvents are used, the ventilation of
the oven should be sufficient to ensure that the
Workplace and access solvent vapour in air concentration never exceeds
25% of the lower explosive limit. Refer to the Safety
Restrict access to the work area to authorised Data Sheet for information.
workers only. Ensure the workers are trained not to withdraw work
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas pieces too quickly from the bath as this will drag out
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. vapour.
Explosion relief should be provided on the oven if
flammable solvents are used, and should also be
considered for combustible solids.
Apply local exhaust ventilation (LEV) at the source of doors, windows and walkways to stop draughts
exposure to capture the airborne contaminant and interfering with the ventilation and spreading vapour.
enclose the process as much as possible. Provide an air supply to the workroom to replace
LEV should be applied to the oven to remove vapour extracted air.
generated during drying. Provide an easy way of checking the control is
Airflow must be sufficient to control airborne working, e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent.
contaminants effectively. This will depend on the Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
design, size of opening and the type of process and doors, windows and air inlets.
chemical being controlled. For dusts, clean filtered air can be recirculated to the
Ensure LEV equipment comply to the requirement of workroom.
USECHH Regulations. With vapours, air re-circulation is not recommended.
Provide arrangements for filling and emptying trays.
Provide LEV at the tray emptying point (refer figure).
Oven doors should be sturdy and close securely.
Oven ventilation should be sufficient to maintain the
oven at a lower pressure than the surrounding air.
173
Maintenance the control is working;

Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained • what to do if something goes wrong.
as advised by supplier/installer Training programme should be reviewed and
Keep all equipment in effective and efficient working conducted at least once in two years.
Supervision
Get information on the design performance of the procedures are followed.
LEV from the supplier. Keep this information to Establish a system to monitor that control measures
(
equipment is functioning properly and effectively. Worker’s Checklist
performance specification by hygiene technician at Make sure the LEV is switched on and is
least every 12 months. working.
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least Make sure it is running properly.
five years. Look for signs of damage, wear or poor
Cleaning and housekeeping worker finds any problems, inform the
there is a problem.
Clean work equipment, and the work area daily.
Clean other equipment and the workroom regularly,
once a week is recommended.
ventilation duct.
the procedure.
Store containers in a safe place and dispose off
containers drums safely (refer CGS G101).
spillage procedure.
Put lids on containers immediately after use.

more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to see what Design, Inspection, Testing and Examination of
PPE is necessary. Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
PPE. Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary 2005
for some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
cleaning up spills. Refer CGS R001 for more specific to Health, DOSH 2001
advice. • Control Guidance Sheets G101, S100, S101, S102
Keep PPE clean, and replace it at recommended and R001
intervals.
chemicals.
174
Continuous Drying Labyrinth Oven

G229
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

Regulations) by controlling exposure to Exhaust
(


Feed in
control measure and good practice Pre-dryer Curving oven Feed out
drying tasks using a continous drying labyrinth
oven. It describes the key points that need to be
be flammable or corrosive. Therefore, the Continuous drying labyrinth oven
Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more Lights/signs should clearly indicate when the oven is
information. in use.
Exhaust ventilation systems should be easily
Workplace and access controllable, interlocked to the oven heating controls
and fitted with warning lights/alarms.
When the oven is in use, the extraction should be
balanced to a minimum level to maintain a slight
workers only.
negative pressure within the oven. Airflow should be
sufficient to ensure that vapour concentrations within
the oven are kept well below lower explosive
concentration limits (refer to the SDS).
Design and equipment Where flammable solvents are used, the ventilation of
the oven should be sufficient to ensure that the
Apply local exhaust ventilation (LEV) at the source of solvent vapour in air concentration never exceeds
exposure to capture the airborne contaminant and 25% of the lower explosive limit. Refer to the SDS for
enclose the process as much as possible. information.
Airflow must be sufficient to control airborne Explosion relief should be provided on the oven if
contaminants effectively. This will depend on the flammable solvents are used.
design, size of opening and the type of process and Where possible, locate the work area away from
chemical being controlled. doors, windows and walkways to stop draughts
Ensure LEV complies with the requirement of interfering with the ventilation and spreading vapour.
USECHH Regulations. Provide an air supply to the workroom to replace
Design the enclosure in sections to allow easy extracted air.
access for cleaning and maintenance. Provide an easy way of checking the control is
Good thermal insulation should be applied. working, e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent.
Air knives should be applied to the entry and exit Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
points to the pre-dryer and labyrinth oven (to prevent doors, windows and air inlets.
vapour loss and contamination). Ensure that extracted air is cleaned before discharge
175
to the environment. • how to use control equipment properly and ensure

With vapours, air re-circulation is not recommended. the control is working;
Maintenance • any safe work procedure; and
Maintain system at least on monthly basis. Supervision
Inspection, testing and examination Provide supervision to ensure that safe work
(
Inspect the LEV at least once a month to ensure the Worker’s Checklist
Ensure the LEV is examined and tested against its Make sure the LEV is switched on and is
performance specification by hygiene technician at working.
least every 12 months. Make sure it is running properly.
there is a problem.
Clean work equipment, and the work area daily.
Clean other equipment and the workroom
regularly - once a week is recommended.
spillage procedure.
the procedure.
Put lids on containers immediately after use. Further information
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101and S102 for Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to see what 2005
PPE is necessary. • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable to Health, DOSH 2001
PPE. • Control Guidance Sheets G101, S100, S101, S102
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary and R001
Useful links
advice.
intervals.
contamination.
Training

chemicals.
176
Palletising
G230
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2

Exhaust Feed
(


control) as the suitable approach for Minimum
air Ňow 1
chemical(s) and task(s). This sheet provides m/s
PalleƟser
recommendation on palletising medium and
large scale quantities of solids. It describes the
reduce exposure to an acceptable level. It is Die head

Therefore, the controls must be suitable for Palletising
those hazards too. Refer to the Safety Data
Sheet (SDS) for more information. or repair. Alternatively, a short section of flexible duct
may be used.
Workplace and access Ensure that safeguards are provided to minimise the
risks arising from other hazards, e.g. contacts with
Restrict access to the work area to authorised hot surfaces and ejection of liquid under high
workers only. pressure.
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas Where flammable solvents are used, the ventilation of
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. the oven should be sufficient to ensure that the
solvent vapour in air concentration never exceeds
25% of the lower explosive limit. Refer to the SDS for
Design and equipment information.
Apply local exhaust ventilation (LEV) at the source of chemical(s) and task, e.g. dust tight or flameproof.
exposure to capture the airborne contaminant and Where possible, locate the work area away from
enclose the process as much as possible. doors, windows and walkways to stop draughts
Airflow must be sufficient to control airborne interfering with the ventilation and spreading dust or
contaminants effectively. This will depend on the vapour.
design, size of opening and the type of process and Provide an air supply to the workroom to replace
chemical being controlled. extracted air.
Ensure LEV comply to the requirement of USECHH Keep ducts short and simple, and avoid long sections
Regulations. of flexible duct.
Design the enclosure in sections to allow easy Provide an easy way of checking the control is
access for cleaning and maintenance. working, e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent.
Position the exhaust hood close to and over the Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
discharge point. doors, windows and air inlets.
If necessary, provide articulated joints in the exhaust Ensure that extracted air is cleaned before discharge
duct to allow the hood to be moved, e.g. to allow to the environment.
good access to the pelletising head for maintenance With vapours, re-circulation is not recommended.
177

Supervision
(
performance specification by hygiene technician at Worker’s Checklist
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least Make sure the LEV is switched on and is
five years. working.
Clean work equipment, and the work and daily. Clean worker finds any problems, inform the
other equipment and the workroom regularly, once a supervisor. Do not carry on working if
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute waste material are not drawn into the
the procedure. ventilation duct.
spillage procedure.
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to get • Safety Data Sheets
information on suitable PPE. • Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for
cleaning up spills. Refer CGS R001 for more specific 2005
advice. • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
Keep PPE clean, and replace it at recommended to Health, DOSH 2001
intervals. • Control Guidance Sheets G101, S100, S101, S102
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid and R001
contamination.
Useful links
Give workers information on the risk of using the gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
chemicals. • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
Provide workers with training on: https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
• handling chemicals safely; safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
178
Tablet Press
G231
Engineering Control
Control Approach 2
This guidance sheet is aimed at employers to Feed

help them comply with the requirements of the
Occupational Safety and Health (Use and
Hazardous to Health) Regulations (USECHH Tablet press
Regulations) by controlling exposure to Exhaust
(


good practice advice on pressing tablets from
medium-scale quantities of solids. It describes
reduce exposure to an adequate level. It is
those hazards too. Refer to the Safety Data Tablet press
access for cleaning and maintenance. For food and
Workplace and access drug products, take account of cleaning
requirements.
inspection.
workers only.
Ensure that safeguards are provided to prevent
contact with moving parts of machines and other
hazards, e.g. hot sealing.
interfering with the ventilation and spreading dust and
Apply local exhaust ventilation (LEV) at the source of vapour.
Airflow must be sufficient to control airborne Keep ducts short and simple, and avoid long sections
contaminants effectively. This will depend on the of flexible duct.
design, size of opening and the type of process and Provide an easy way of checking the control is
chemical being controlled. working, e.g. airflow indicator or equivalent.
Ensure LEV comply to the requirement of USECHH Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
Regulations. windows and air inlets.
Where possible, enclose the solids transfer system. Ensure that extracted air is cleaned before discharge
Consider the need for additional ventilation at the to the environment.
tablet discharge and transfer points. With vapours, re-circulation is not recommended.
Ensure air discharges from pneumatic systems do
not interfere with the dust control measures.
Locate the tablet machine within an enclosure to help
contain dust.
Design any enclosure in sections to allow easy
179

Supervision
(
performance specification by hygiene technician at Worker’s Checklist
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least Make sure any LEV is switched on and is
five years. working.
Clean work equipment, and the work daily. Clean worker finds any problems, inform the
other equipment and the workroom regularly, once a supervisor. Do not carry on working if
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute waste are not drawn into the ventilation
the procedure. duct.
Do not use dry brushing or cleaning with compressed Clear up spills immediately. Follow
air. spillage procedure.
Vacuum dry dust or use wet cleaning method. Use, maintain and store any PPE
Further information
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to get Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
information on suitable PPE. • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
PPE. 2005
cleaning up spills. Refer CGS R001 for more specific • Control Guidance Sheets G101, S100, S101, S102
advice. and R001
Useful links
intervals.
contamination.
chemicals.
180
Containment
G300
Containment
Control Approach 3

This sheet is use where the assessment Valves

recommends Control Approach 3
(
Closed gravity
(Containment) as the suitable approach for feed
control measure and good practice IBC
Closed Reactor
recommendation on containment, and can be pumped
applied to a range of tasks involving small, transfer
medium or large scale use of solids and liquids. Valve
followed. Some chemicals can also be Containment
must be suitable for those hazards too. Refer to Inspection, testing and examination
the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more
information. Get information on the design performance of the
Workplace and access Keep this information to compare with future test
results.
Restrict access to the work area to authorised Inspect the engineering control equipment at least
workers only. once a month to ensure the equipment is functioning
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas properly and effectively.
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. Ensure the engineering control equipment is
examined and tested against its performance
Maintenance specification by hygiene technician at least every 12
months.
five years.
as advised by the supplier/installer, in effective and
Be aware that some maintenance activity may Cleaning and housekeeping
involve entry into confined spaces. Refer to
requirements under Industry Code of Practice for Clean work equipment, and the work and storage
Safe Working in a Confined Space. area daily. Clean other equipment and the workroom
regularly, once a week is recommended.
the procedure.
181
Do not use dry brushing or cleaning with compressed Worker’s Checklist

air.
Vacuum dry dust or use wet cleaning method. Make sure any engineering control
equipment is switched on and working.
Personal protective equipment (PPE) Look for signs of leaks, wear or damage of
Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin problems, inform the supervisor. Do not
and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and carry on working if there is a problem.
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101 and S102 for Wash hands before and after eating,
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to see what drinking or using the washroom.
PPE is necessary. Do not use solvents to clean skin.
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable Clear up spills immediately. Follow
PPE. spillage procedure. Dispose of spills
Respiratory protective equipment (RPE) may be safely.
needed for some cleaning and maintenance Use, maintain and store any PPE
activities, e.g. cleaning up spills. Refer to CGS R001 provided in accordance with instructions.
for more specific advice.
Be aware that some maintenance activity may
involve entry into confined spaces. Decide if supplied Further information
air is needed when RPE is used. • Safety Data Sheets
(
Ensure PPE is kept in a clean condition and replaced • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
when necessary. Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
contamination. • Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for
Training
• Industry Code of Practice for Safe Working in a
Confined Space, DOSH 2010
Give workers information on the risk of using the • Control Guidance Sheets G101, G204, G302,
chemicals. S100, S101, S102 and R001
• handling chemicals safely; Useful links
• how to use control equipment properly and ensure • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
the control is working; • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
• when and how to use any PPE provided; • HSE COSHH essentials website:
• any safe work procedure; and http://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
• what to do if something goes wrong. • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
Training programme should be reviewed and https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
conducted at least once in two years. safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
Supervision

are in place and are being followed.
182
Glove Box
G301
Containment
Control Approach 3

employers to comply with the requirements of Exhaust

(
(Containment) as the suitable approach for Air lock

access
recommendation on using a glove box, and can
be applied to a range of tasks involving
small-scale use of solids and liquids. It
Glove ports
followed. Some chemicals can also be Glove box
must be suitable for those hazards too. Refer to suitable for the nature of the chemicals and
the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more processes, e.g. dust tight or flameproof.
Apply ventilation to achieve a slight negative
information.
pressure. Use a disposable filter on the inlet to the
system.
Workplace and access The exhaust from the glove box usually needs to be
passed through a suitable scrubber or high efficiency
Restrict access to the work area to authorised particle arrestor (HEPA) filter before discharge.
workers only. Design the glove box to allow easy maintenance.
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. doors, windows and air inlets.
Design and equipment Maintenance
Surface inside the glove box should be smooth, Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
impermeable and easily decontaminated. Strippable as advised by the supplier/installer, in effective and
plastic coating can be used to simplify efficient working order and good repair.
decontamination. Adopt a ‘permit to work’ system for maintenance
Provide one or more air locks. work.
In some situations (for example, where gas flames Follow any special procedures that are needed before
are required within the unit), filter units must be fitted the system is opened or entered, e.g. purging and
on the access doors to allow airflow into the unit. washing.
Electrical and other services required within the Disposable and HEPA filters should be replaced as
glove box should have their controls positioned required.
outside the unit.
Gloves should be resistant to the chemicals being
used, and sealed to the glove ports.
Provide good lighting. Select lighting equipment.
183
Inspection, testing and examination • any safe work procedure; and

Get information on the design performance of the Training programme should be reviewed and
engineering control equipment from the supplier. conducted at least once in two years.
results. Supervision
Ensure the engineering control equipment is Establish a system to monitor that all control
examined and tested against its performance measures are in place and being followed.
five years. Make sure the engineering control
Thoroughly clean work equipment and the working worker finds any problems, inform the
area daily. Clean other equipment and the workroom supervisor. Do not carry on working if
(
regularly, once a week is recommended. there is a problem.
Store packages/containers in a safe place, and Make sure that paper bags and other
dispose off empty packages/containers safely (refer waste material are not drawn into the
CGS G101). ventilation duct.
Deal with any spills immediately. Plan procedure in drinking or using the washroom.
case of a spill and communicate with workers and Do not use solvents to clean skin.
execute the procedure. Clear up spills immediately. Follow
For dusts, do not clean up with a dry brush or spillage procedure.
compressed air. Use, maintain and store any PPE
Vacuum dry dust or use wet cleaning method. provided in accordance with instructions.

Respiratory protective equipment may be needed for to Health, DOSH 2001
some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. • Control Guidance Sheets G101, S100, S101, S102
cleaning up spills. Refer to CGS R001 for more and R001
specific advice.
Ensure PPE is kept in a clean condition and replaced Useful links
when necessary. • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
contamination. • HSE COSHH essentials website:
http://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
chemicals.
184
Removing Waste from a Dust Extraction Unit

G302
Containment
Control Approach 3


(
(Containment) as the suitable approach for

control measure and good practice Screw
recommendation on removing waste from a transfer
dust extraction unit. It describes the key points

an acceptable level. It is important that all the Closed skip
controls must be suitable for those hazards too. Removing waste from a dust extraction unit
information. equipment under negative pressure to prevent
leakage.
Workplace and access With dusts, clean filtered air can be re-circulated into
the workroom.
workers only.
materials being captured i.e. suitable for explosive,
The work area and equipment should be clearly
labelled.
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. Maintenance
Locate the dust extraction unit outside, away from
Adopt a ‘permit to work’ system for maintenance
doors, windows and from air inlets.
work.
Follow any special procedures that are needed before
combustible solids and ensure that equipment is
the system is opened or entered, e.g. purging and
washing.
Avoid overfilling - provide a means of telling when the
waste skip is full.
Provide a shut-off valve on the discharge line.
Dispose off waste in accordance with environmental
legislation.
Design the work area and closed system for ease of
maintenance and, when possible, use equipment
results.
designed for easy maintenance.
Where operational factors permit, keep the process
185
properly and effectively. Supervision

The effectiveness of the engineering control
equipment can be checked by monitoring of worker
exposure where appropriate.
months.
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least Worker’s Checklist
five years.
Replace the skip on a regular basis, as
per instructions and before it overfills.
Ensure the skip is replaced regularly. problems, inform the supervisor. Do not
Thoroughly clean work equipment and the working carry on working if there is a problem.
area daily. Clean other equipment and the workroom Wash hands before and after eating,
regularly, once a week is recommended. drinking or using the washroom.
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case Do not use solvents to clean skin.
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute Clear up spills immediately. Follow
the procedure.
(
spillage procedure.
Do not use dry brushes or clean with compressed air. Use, maintain and store any PPE

Further information
PPE is necessary.
2005
PPE.
and R001
for some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. Useful links
dealing with spills. Refer CGS R001 for more specific • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
advice • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
Ensure PPE is kept in a clean condition and replaced • HSE COSHH essentials website:
when necessary. http://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
contamination. https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
Training

chemicals.
186
(
Transferring Solids
G303
Containment
Control Approach 3


(

recommendation on transferring medium and
large quantities of solids. It describes the key
the controls must be suitable for those hazards Transferring solids
information. Ensure LEV equipment complies with the
requirement of USECHH Regulations.
Workplace and access Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
Restrict access to the work area to authorised Maintenance
workers only.
The work area and equipment should be clearly Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
labelled. as advised by the supplier/installer, in effective and
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas efficient working order and good repair.
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. Adopt a ‘permit to work’ system for maintenance
work.
Design and equipment Follow any special procedures that are needed before
Ensure the work area is well ventilated. washing.
Ensure the system is free of leaks and all joints have
suitable seals.
Take account of possible abrasion from the solids
Obtain information from the supplier on all
being transferred, and ensure suitably robust
parameters needed to safely operate the system.
materials are used.
Design the system in sections to allow easy access
combustible solids and ensure equipment is
Provide an easy way of checking the local exhaust
months.
ventilation (LEV) is working e.g. airflow indicator or
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at
equivalent.
least five years.
187
Thoroughly clean work equipment and the working Make sure any engineering control
area daily. Clean other equipment and the workroom equipment is switched on and working.
regularly, once a week is recommended. Look for signs of leaks, wear or damage of
Store packages/containers in a safe place. Refer any equipment used. If worker finds any
CGS G101 for more specific advice on storage. problems, inform the supervisor. Do not
Dispose off empty packages/containers safely. carry on working if there is a problem.
Deal with spills immediately. drinking or using the washroom.
Do not clean up with a dry brush or compressed air. Do not use solvents to clean skin.
Vacuum dry dust or use wet cleaning method. Clear up spills immediately. Follow
spillage procedure.
Materials allocated to hazard group S can harm the
skin and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and Further information
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101and S102 for • Safety Data Sheets
(
PPE. • Control Guidance Sheets G101, G204, G302,
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary S100, S101, S102 and R001
cleaning up spills. Refer CGS R001 for more specific Useful links
advice. • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
Ensure PPE is kept in a clean condition and replaced • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
when necessary. • HSE COSHH essentials website:
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid http://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
contamination. • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
Training safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm

chemicals.
Supervision

188
Sack Emptying
G304
Containment
Control Approach 3

Hazardous to Health) Regulations (USECHH Waste bag
Regulations) by controlling exposure to ĐŽůůĞĐƟŽŶ
Whole sack feed

(

recommendation on sack emptying, and can be
applied to tasks involving medium quantities of
solids. It describes the key points that need to Closedfeed to
be followed to help reduce exposure to an process

be flammable or corrosive. Therefore, the Sack emptying
Refer to Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more the substances and processes, e.g. dust tight or
information. flameproof, if needed.
Design the system to allow easy maintenance.
Workplace and access Where operational factors permit, keep the process
equipment under negative pressure to prevent
Restrict access to the work area to authorised leakage.
workers only. Discharge exhausts air to a safe place away from
The work area and equipment should be clearly doors, windows and air inlets.
labelled.
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas Maintenance
Design and equipment as advised by the supplier/installer, in effective and
Provide arrangements to strip and vacuum or wet Adopt a ‘permit to work’ system for maintenance
clean the conveyor belt. work.
Enclose the slitter as much as possible (refer figure). Follow any special procedures that are needed before
Ensure an inward airflow is sufficient to effectively the system is opened or entered, e.g. purging and
control airborne contaminants. It will depend on the washing.
design and size of openings. Keep all openings as
small as possible, while allowing enough room for Inspection, testing and examination
safe working. Use see-through panels and plastic
strips to reduce the open area. Get information from the supplier on all parameters
Consider additional ventilation at the bag disposal needed to safely operate the system.
point. Inspect the engineering control equipment at least
Provide good lighting. once a month to ensure the equipment is functioning
Select lighting equipment suitable for the nature of properly and effectively.
189
Ensure the engineering control equipment is Supervision

months.
The effectiveness of the ventilation system can be
checked by monitoring of airborne chemicals where
appropriate.
five years. Worker’s Checklist
Make sure any engineering control

Thoroughly clean work equipment and the work area any equipment used. If worker finds any
daily. Clean other equipment and the workroom problems, inform the supervisor. Do not
regularly, once a week is recommended. carry on working if there is a problem.
Store packages/containers in a safe place (refer CGS Avoid manual handling, use handling aids.
G101). Any damaged or leaking bags should be
Dispose off empty packages/containers safely. repacked away from the main storage
Put lids on containers immediately after use. area or disposed of safely. A responsible
(
person should be involved to ensure this
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute process is carried out safely.
the procedure. Wash hands before and after eating,
Do not clean up with a dry brush or compressed air. drinking or using the washroom.
Vacuum dry dust or use wet cleaning method. Do not use solvents to clean skin.
Further information
more specific advice. Refer to SDS to see what PPE
is necessary.
PPE.
2005
advice.
Ensure every PPE used is kept in a clean condition
and replaced when necessary.
contamination.
• Control Guidance Sheets G101, G204, G302,
S100, S101 and S102
Training
Useful links
Give workers information on the risk of using the • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
chemicals. • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
Provide workers with training on: • HSE COSHH essentials website:
• handling chemicals safely; http://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
• how to use control equipment properly and ensure • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
the control is working; https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
• when and how to use any PPE provided; safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
190
Drum filling
G305
Containment
Control Approach 3

Exhaust
This sheet is used where the assessment ZĞƚƌĂĐƚĂďůĞĮůůŝŶŐĂƌŵ

ĂƉƉŝŶŐ
ǁŝƚŚĚƌŝƉĐŽŶƚƌŽů
(

Ϭ͘ϱŵͬƐ Ϭ͘ϱŵͬƐ
chemical(s) and task(s). This sheet provides ŵŝŶŝŵƵŵ ŵŝŶŝŵƵŵ
control measure and good practice ĂŝƌŇŽǁ ĂŝƌŇŽǁ
recommendation on drum filling involving

Conveyor
medium or large quantities of liquids. It
followed to reduce exposure to an
be flammable or corrosive. Therefore, the Drum filling
Refer to Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more Provide spillage containment in the filling area.
information. For flammable liquids, ensure that suitable
pumps/fans are used and ensure equipment is
Workplace and access appropriately earthed.
equipment under negative pressure to prevent leaks.
workers only.
Ensure that exhaust air is cleaned before discharge to
labelled.
the environment.
Maintenance
Ensure the work area is well ventilated.
efficient order and good repair.
Adopt a ‘permit to work’ system for maintenance work.
where possible, use equipment that has been
Ensure airflow at openings into the filling area and
washing.
stopper fitting area is sufficient to effectively control
airborne contaminants. It will depend on the design
and size of openings. Use a load cell or metered flow
to prevent overfilling. Inspection, testing and examination
Ensure a drip collector is fitted to the auto filling arm.
Get information from the supplier on all parameters
Provide good lighting in the filling and stopper fitting
needed to safely operate the system.
area. Select lighting equipment suitable for the
nature of the substances and processes, e.g.
flameproof, if needed.
191
properly and effectively. Supervision

months.
The effectiveness of the engineering control can be
checked by monitoring of worker exposure where
appropriate.
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at Worker’s Checklist
least five years.
equipment is switched on and working
Thoroughly clean work equipment and the working problems, inform the supervisor. Do not
area daily. Clean other equipment and the workroom carry on working if there is a problem.
regularly - once a week is recommended. Wash hands before and after eating,
Store packages/containers in a safe place (refer CGS
(
spillage procedure.
G101). Use, maintain and store any PPE
Dispose off empty packages/containers safely. provided in accordance with instructions.

cause harm. Refer CGS S100 and S101 for more
specific advice. Refer to SDS of each chemical to see
what PPE is necessary.
PPE.
• Control guidance sheets G101, S100, S101 and
R001
advice
Ensure every PPE used is kept in a clean condition Useful links
and replaced when necessary. • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
contamination. • HSE COSHH essentials website:
chemicals.
192
Drum Emptying
G306
Containment
Control Approach 3

the Occupational Safety and Health (Use and Extracted sleeve
for dip pipe
and Control for Chemicals (SiRAC). Earthing lead

recommends Control Approach 3 Exhaust
(

recommendation on drum emptying involving
medium quantities of liquids. It describes the
key points that need to be followed to reduce
that all the points are followed. Some
Therefore, the controls must be suitable for Drum emptying
those hazards too. Refer to Safety Data Sheet
(SDS) for more information. pumps/fans are used and that they are
properly earthed to prevent sparks from static
Workplace and access electricity.
Restrict access to the work area to authorised equipment under negative pressure to prevent leaks.
workers only. Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
The work area and equipment should be clearly doors, windows and air inlets.
labelled. Ensure that extracted air is cleaned before discharge
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas to the environment.
Maintenance
Ensure the work area is well ventilated.
when possible, use equipment that has been
Provide containment or an extracted sleeve to
washing.
prevent drips and leaks when the dip pipe is
removed.
Ensure the pump is suitable for the liquid to be Inspection, testing and examination
transferred.
Avoid manual handling. Consider how the drum will
needed to safely operate the system.
be moved to the transfer area.
Provide a suitable ‘key’ for removing and replacing
the drum stopper.
For flammable liquids, ensure that suitable
193

equipment is switched on and is working
months.
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at
least five years.
Cleaning and housekeeping Always remove and replace the drum
stopper using a ‘key’.
Thoroughly clean work equipment and the work area Always use the earth strap.
daily. Clean other equipment and the workroom Wash hands before and after eating,
regularly, once a week is recommended. drinking or using the washroom.
the procedure. spillage procedure.
Store drums in a safe place. Refer CGS G101 for Use, maintain and store any PPE
more specific advice on storage. provided in accordance with instructions.
Dispose off empty drums safely.
(
Further information
Personal protective equipment (PPE) • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin 2005
and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and • Control Guidance Sheets G101, S100, S101, S102
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101and S102 for and R001
is necessary. Useful links
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
PPE. • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary • HSE COSHH essentials website:
for some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. http://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
dealing with spills. Refer CGS R001 for more specific • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
advice. https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
Ensure PPE is kept in a clean condition and replaced safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
when necessary.
contamination.
Training

chemicals.
Supervision

194
IBC Filling and Emptying (Solids)

G307
Containment
Control Approach 3

chemicals and protecting workers’ health. The Feed hopper


High-intergrity
recommends Control Approach 3 Exhaust
valves and couplin
(
(Containment) as the suitable approach for gs
chemical (s) and task(s). This sheet provides IBC

recommendation on filling and emptying IBCs
(intermediate bulk containers) with large
be flammable or corrosive. Therefore, the Solids IBC filling and emptying
Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more flameproof, if needed.
information. Provide good access for fork-lift trucks.
Provide barriers and notices.
workers only.
labelled.
Ensure that exhaust air is cleaned before discharge
to the environment.
Maintenance
Ensure the IBC is designed and constructed for the
material it will contain.
Use high-integrity valves and couplings to make
connections.
Take precautions to prevent overfilling, e.g. load
cells.
Provide a means to isolate and/or control the filling
washing.
rate.
Make arrangements for air displaced during filling to
vent to a safe place, e.g. back into the supply tank.
Provide seals on access hatches.
Select lighting equipment suitable for the nature of
the substances and processes, e.g. dust tight or
195
Get information from the supplier on all parameters Provide supervision to ensure that safe work
needed to safely operate the system. procedures are followed.
Inspect the engineering control equipment at least Establish a system to monitor that all control
once a month to ensure the equipment is functioning measures are in place and being followed.
Ensure the engineering control equipment is Worker’s Checklist
specification by hygiene technician at least every 12 Make sure any engineering control
months. equipment is switched on and is working.
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least Look for signs of leaks, wear or damage of
five years. any equipment used. If worker finds any
Cleaning and housekeeping carry on working if there is a problem.
Take care not to overfill the IBC.
Thoroughly clean work equipment and the work area Ensure barriers and warning notices are in
daily. Clean other equipment and the workroom position.
regularly, once a week is recommended. Wash hands before and after eating,
(
Store containers in a safe place (refer CGS G101). drinking or using the washroom.
Dispose off empty containers safely. Do not use solvents to clean skin.
Put lids on containers immediately after use. Clear up spills immediately. Follow
2005
• Control Guidance Sheets G101, G204, G302,
S100, S101, S102 and R001
more specific advice. Refer to SDS to see what PPE Useful links
is necessary. • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
PPE. • HSE COSHH essentials website:
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary http://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
for some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
dealing with spills. Refer CGS R001 for more specific https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
advice. safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
Ensure PPE is kept in a clean condition and replaced
when necessary.
contamination.
Training

chemicals.
196
IBC Filling and Emptying (Liquids)

G308
Containment
Control Approach 3

Back vent or
Hazardous to Health) Regulations (USECHH high-level
discharge
Level
chemicals and protecting workers’ health. The sensor

and Control for Chemicals (SiRAC). Level alarm
and control
This sheet is used where the assessment Storage

recommends Control Approach 3 tank
Bund
(
(Containment) as the suitable approach for wall

Dry break
coupling
chemical (s) and task(s). This sheet provides
control measure and good practice High-level
recommendation on filling and emptying IBCs shut off
(intermediate bulk containers) with large

quantities of liquids. It describes the key points
be flammable or corrosive. Therefore, the Liquid IBC filling and emptying
Refer to Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more Ensure connections are within areas with spillage
information. containment.
Do not use splash loading.
pumps/fans are used and that equipment is
Restrict access to the work area to authorised The figure shows one design of an IBC emptying
workers only. installation.
The work area and equipment should be clearly Provide good lighting in the emptying/filling area.
labelled. Select lighting equipment suitable for the nature of the
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas substances and processes, e.g. flameproof.
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. Design the closed system to allow easy
maintenance.
Design and equipment Discharge vented air to a safe place away from doors,
windows and air inlets.
The connection points on the vessel to be filled Ensure that exhaust air is cleaned before discharge to
should comprise a fill pipe, level sensor and a vapour the environment.
outlet.
The level sensor/load cell should be connected to an Maintenance
automatic shut-off valve or filling pump.
The joints around connection points should be Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
effectively sealed. as advised by the supplier/installer, in effective and
Bottom filling is preferred; otherwise the length of the efficient working order and good repair.
fill pipe should enable it to be submerged during Adopt a ‘permit to work’ system for maintenance
filling. work.
Dedicated coupling lines should be used and dry Follow any special procedures that are needed before
break couplings considered. the system is opened or entered, e.g. purging and
Hosing used for filling should be of a suitable length. washing.
197

Supervision
equipment from the supplier. Keep this information to
Inspect the engineering control equipment at least Provide supervision to ensure that safe work
once a month to ensure the equipment is functioning procedures are followed.
properly and effectively. Establish a system to monitor that control measures
Ensure that the engineering control equipment is are in place and being followed.
specification by hygiene technician at least every 12 Worker’s Checklist
months.
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least Make sure any engineering control
five years. equipment is switched on and is working.
Cleaning and housekeeping any equipment used. If worker finds any
problems, inform the supervisor. Don’t
Clean work equipment, and the work area daily. carry on working if there is a problem.
Clean other equipment and the workroom Ensure that all couplings are correctly
connected.
(
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case Barrier off the emptying area.
Store containers in a safe place and dispose off Do not use solvents to clean skin.
containers drums safely (refer CGS G101). Clear up spills immediately. Follow
Put lids on containers immediately after use. spillage procedure.
Do not clean up with a dry brush or compressed air. Use, maintain and store any PPE
Further information
Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and 2005
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101 and S102 for • Control Guidance Sheets G101, G204, S100,
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to see what S101, S102 and R001
PPE is necessary.
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable Useful links
PPE. • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
for some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. • HSE COSHH essentials website:
cleaning up spills. Refer CGS R001 for more specific http://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
advice. • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
Keep PPE clean, and replace it at recommended https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
intervals. safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
contamination.
Training

chemicals.
198
Tanker Filling and Emptying (Solids)

G309
Containment
Control Approach 3

This sheet can be used where the assessment

(

recommendation on filling and emptying
tankers with large quantities of solids. It
followed. Some chemicals can also be
flammable or corrosive. Therefore, the controls Illustration for tanker emptying
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more information. high-level indicator, load cells.
Provide dust filtration for air displaced from the silo
Workplace and access during filling, and discharge extracted air to a safe
place away from doors, windows and air inlets.
workers only.
Design silo to prevent over-pressurisation.
labelled.
Design the closed system to allow easy
maintenance.
to the environment.
Maintenance
Ensure the silo is designed and constructed for the
material it will contain.
Provide arrangements to allow clean, preferably dry Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
air to enter the silo as material is drawn off. as advised by the supplier/installer, in effective and
Provide seals on access hatches. efficient working order and good repair.
Provide a valve to control the rate of discharge from Adopt a ‘permit to work’ system for maintenance
the base of the silo. work.
Ensure the valve connection to the transfer pipe is Follow any special procedures that are needed before
dust tight. the system is opened or entered, e.g. purging and
Consider means of dealing with blockages and washing.
bridging within the silo. Do not enter a silo until it has been checked for
Whenever possible, these should be cleared from hazardous chemicals and oxygen content.
outside the silo.
Take precautions to avoid overfilling of the silo, e.g.
199

Supervision
equipment from the supplier. Keep this information to
Inspect the engineering control equipment at least Provide supervision to ensure that safe work
once a month to ensure the equipment is functioning procedures are followed.
properly and effectively. Establish a system to monitor that control measures
Ensure that the engineering control equipment is are in place and being followed.
specification by hygiene technician at least every 12 Worker’s Checklist
months.
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least Make sure any engineering control
five years. equipment is switched on and is working.
Cleaning and housekeeping any equipment used. If worker finds any
Clean work equipment, and the work area daily. carry on working if there is a problem.
Clean other equipment and the workroom regularly, Clear bridges/blockages from outside the
silo. A ‘permit to work’ will be required for
(
once a week is recommended.
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case entry into the silo.
Store containers in a safe place and dispose off Do not use solvents to clean skin.
containers drums safely (refer CGS G101). Clear up spills immediately. Follow
Do not clean up with a dry brush or compressed air. Use, maintain and store any PPE

more specific advice. Refer to SDS to see what PPE • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
is necessary. Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
Ask PPE supplier for advice on help selection of 2005
suitable PPE. • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
for some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. • Control Guidance Sheets G101, G204, S100,
cleaning up spills. Refer CGS R001 for more specific S101, S102 and R001
advice.
Useful links
intervals.
contamination.
chemicals.
200
Tanker Filling and Emptying (Liquids)

G310
Containment
Control Approach 3


(

recommendation on filling and emptying
tankers with large quantities of liquids. It
flammable or corrosive. Therefore, the controls Liquids tanker filling and emptying
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more information. Hosing used for filling should be of a suitable length.
Ensure connections are within areas with spillage
Workplace and access containment.
Do not use splash loading.
pumps/fans are used and that equipment is
workers only.
labelled.
maintenance.
Discharge vented air to a safe place away from doors,
windows and air inlets.
the environment.
The connection points on the vessel to be filled Maintenance, inspection, testing and
should comprise a fill pipe, level sensor and a vapour
examination
outlet.
The level sensor/load cell should be connected to an
automatic shut-off valve or filling pump. Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
The joints around connection points should be as advised by the supplier/installer, in effective and
effectively sealed. efficient working order and good repair.
A pressure vacuum valve should be fitted on the Adopt a ‘permit to work’ system for maintenance
tanker. work.
Dedicated coupling lines should be used and dry Follow any special procedures that are needed before
break couplings considered. the system is opened or entered, e.g. purging and
Provide good lighting in the emptying/filling area. washing.
Select lighting equipment suitable for the nature of If the equipment is equipped with the engineering
the substances and processes, e.g. flameproof. control equipment, ensure that the equipment is
201

months.
five years.
Cleaning and housekeeping Ensure that all couplings are correctly
connected.
Clean work equipment, and the work and storage Barrier off the emptying area.
area daily. Clean other equipment and the workroom Wash hands before and after eating,
regularly - once a week is recommended. drinking or using the washroom.
the procedure. spillage procedure.
Store containers in a safe place and dispose off Use, maintain and store any PPE
containers drums safely (refer CGS G101). provided in accordance with instructions.
Further information
(
Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and 2005
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101 and S102 for • Industry Code of Practice for Safe Working in a
more specific advice. Refer to SDS to see what SDS Confined Space, DOSH 2010
is necessary. • Control Guidance Sheets G101, S100, S101, S102
Ask PPE supplier to help on selection of suitable and R001
PPE.
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary Useful links
for some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
dealing with spills. Refer CGS R001 for more specific • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
advice. • HSE COSHH essentials website:
Ensure PPE is kept in a clean condition and replaced https://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
when necessary. • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
contamination. safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
Training

chemicals.
Supervision

202
Filling Kegs
G311
Containment
Control Approach 3


(

recommendation on filling kegs with medium
controls must be suitable for those hazards too. Filling kegs
information. Provide a tray or grid below the filling point to
minimise the spread of contamination.
Workplace and access Provide good lighting. Select lighting equipment
suitable for the nature of the substances and
processes, e.g. dust tight or flameproof.
Consider handling methods, and provide suitable
workers only.
handling aids to minimise manual handling.
labelled.
the environment.
Ensure the kegs and filling equipment are compatible
and well maintained.
Maintenance
Provide suitable seals (e.g. inflatable rings) between
the keg and filling head.
Provide compatible keg liners for the material(s) Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
being handled. Ensure liners are large enough to be as advised by the supplier/installer, in effective and
easily tied off. efficient working order and good repair.
Select kegs for maximum air tightness, e.g. lipped Adopt a ‘permit to work’ system for maintenance
and with ring clamps. work.
Provide a ventilated enclosure around the filling Follow any special procedures that are needed before
operation with an inward airflow of at least one metre the system is opened or entered, e.g. purging and
per second. washing.
Ensure the filling head does not discharge dust when
the keg is removed.
203
Ensure that the engineering control equipment is Worker’s Checklist
problems, tell the supervisor. Do not carry
Cleaning and housekeeping on working if there is a problem.
Do not use deformed containers.
Thoroughly clean work equipment and the work area Wash hands before and after eating,
daily. Clean other equipment and the workroom drinking or using the washroom.
regularly, once a week is recommended. Do not use solvents to clean skin.
(
Store containers in a safe place (refer CGS G101). Clear up spills immediately. Follow
Dispose off empty containers safely. spillage procedure.
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case provided in accordance with instructions.
the procedure.
Further information
Personal protective equipment (PPE) 2005
Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin Design, Inspection, Testing and Examination of
and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101 and S102 for • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to see what to Health, DOSH 2001
PPE is necessary. • Control Guidance Sheets G101, G204, S100,
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable S101, S102 and R001
PPE.
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary Useful links
dealing with spills. Refer CGS R001 for more specific • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid https://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
contamination. • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
Training safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm

chemicals.
204
Transferring Liquid by Pump

G312
Containment
Control Approach 3


(
as the suitable approach for chemical(s) and

task(s). This sheet provides control measure
and good practice recommendation on
transferring medium and large quantities of
liquids by pump. It describes the key points that
need to be followed to reduce exposure to an
controls must be suitable for those hazards too. Transferring liquid by pump
information. pipe from plant.
Provide arrangements for draining/flushing sections of
Workplace and access pipe, and for safe disposal of residues.
Provide precautions against static discharge.
Consider means of dealing with blockages, e.g. steam
inlets or rodding eyes.
workers only.
Provide a written procedure.
Ensure the hose and coupling are to the appropriate
labelled.
standard.
Use bolted clips not jubilee clips.
Consider the need for rapid isolation in the event of an
emergency.
Select a pump (and seals/gaskets) suitable for the
material to be pumped and for the required flow rate.
Design the closed system to allow easy Protect the pump against overheating and
maintenance. over-pressure, e.g. pressure relief valves.
Ensure seals, gaskets and valve packing are suitable Provide arrangements for draining/flushing sections of
for the intended use. pumps and for safe disposal of residues.
Ensure that the pipeline, including branches, is Make provision for the maintenance and replacement
designed to relevant standards. of the pump, e.g. isolation valves, slip plates.
Minimise the number of branches and dead legs.
All pipelines should be properly supported and
Maintenance
protected from damage by vehicles.
Ensure pipelines have sufficient flexibility to allow for
thermal expansion. Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
Provide compatible gaskets and seals for flanges as advised by the supplier/installer, in effective and
and connections. efficient working order and good repair.
Provide slip plates or valves to isolate sections of Adopt a ‘permit to work’ system for maintenance
work.
205
Provide written procedures for all maintenance tasks. Supervision

before the system is opened or entered, e.g. purging
and washing.
Inspection, testing and examination measures are in place and being followed.

needed to safely operate the system. Worker’s Checklist
once a month to ensure the equipment is functioning Make sure any engineering control
properly and effectively. equipment is switched on and is working
Ensure the engineering control equipment is Look for signs of leaks, wear or damage of
examined and tested against its performance any equipment used. If worker finds any
specification by hygiene technician at least every 12 problems, tell the supervisor. Do not carry
months. on working if there is a problem.
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least Wash hands before and after eating,
five years. drinking or using the washroom.
(
spillage procedure.
Thoroughly clean work equipment and the work area provided in accordance with instructions.
daily. Clean other equipment and the workroom
Store containers in a safe place (refer CGS G101). Further information
Dispose off empty containers safely • Safety Data Sheets
Dispose off hazardous wastes safely. • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute 2005
the procedure. • Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for
Personal protective equipment (PPE) Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
• Control Guidance Sheets g101, S100, S101 and
S102
more specific advice. Refer to SDS to see what PPE Useful links
is necessary. • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
Ask PPE supplier to help on selection of suitable • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary https://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
dealing with spills. Refer CGS R001 for more specific https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
advice. safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
contamination.
Training

chemicals.
206
Packet Filling
G313
Containment
Control Approach 3


(

good practice advice on filling packets with
medium and large quantities of solids using a
form fill and seal machine as an example. It
flammable or corrosive. Therefore, the controls Packet filling
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more information. Keep the process equipment under negative
pressure to prevent leakage.
Workplace and access The inward airflow at all openings in the enclosure
should be at least one metre per second.
inspection.
workers only.
Provide safeguards to prevent contact with moving
parts of machines and
labelled.
other hazards, e.g. hot glue application.
combustible solids.
Enclose the solids transfer system as much as Maintenance

possible.
Integrate the weighing/bagging system to minimise
open transfer. Provide an enclosure around the Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
weighing/bagging heads. as advised by the supplier/installer, in effective and
Extend the enclosure to cover the area where the efficient working order and good repair.
packet is closed and sealed. Adopt a ‘permit to work’ system for maintenance
Design the enclosure to ensure that the high-velocity work.
pressure jets from pneumatic system discharges do Follow any special procedures that are needed before
not breach the containment. the system is opened or entered, e.g. purging and
Design the enclosure in sections to allow easy washing.
access for cleaning and maintenance.
Provide dust curtains at the open ends of the
enclosures, e.g. transfer conveyors for filled packets.
207
Thoroughly clean work equipment and the work area drinking or using the washroom.
daily. Clean other equipment and the workroom Do not use solvents to clean skin.
regularly, once a week is recommended. Clear up spills immediately. Follow
(
Store containers in a safe place (Refer CGS G101). spillage procedure.
Dispose off empty containers safely. Use, maintain and store any PPE
Further information
the procedure.
Use a vacuum system or wet cleaning.
2005
Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008.
and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and • Control Guidance Sheets G101, G204, G302,
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101 and S102 for S100, S101 and S102
is necessary. Useful links
Ask PPE supplier to help on selection of suitable • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
PPE. • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary • HSE COSHH essentials website:
for some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. https://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
dealing with spills. • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
Ensure PPE is kept in a clean condition and replaced https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
when necessary. safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
contamination.
Training

chemicals.
208
Bottle Filling
G314
Containment
Control Approach 3


(

good practice advice on filling bottles with
medium and large quantities of liquids. It
flammable or corrosive. Therefore, the
controls must be suitable for those hazards too. Bottle filling
information. e.g. on transfer conveyors for filled containers.
Keep the process equipment under negative
Workplace and access pressure to prevent leakage.
The inward airflow at all openings in the enclosure
should be at least 0.5 metres per second.
workers only.
inspection.
Provide a spillage containment/removal system.
labelled.
Consider the need for an inert atmosphere for
flammable material.
Design and equipment Discharge exhausts air to a safe place away from
Clearly label the work area and equipment.
Enclose the liquid transfer system as much as Maintenance
possible. Airflow into openings must be sufficient to
effectively control airborne contaminants. This will
depend on the design and size of openings. Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
Integrate the weighing/volume measurement system as advised by the supplier/installer, in effective and
to minimise open transfer. efficient working order and good repair.
Provide an enclosure around the filling heads. Adopt a ‘permit to work’ system for maintenance
Design the enclosure to ensure that the high-velocity work.
pressure jets from pneumatic system discharges do Follow any special procedures that are needed before
not breach the containment. the system is opened or entered, e.g. purging and
Design the enclosure in sections to allow easy washing.
access for cleaning and maintenance. Do not enter a confined space until it has been
Provide curtains at the open ends of the enclosures, checked for hazardous chemicals and oxygen
content.
209
Inspect the engineering control equipment at least Establish a system to monitor that control measures
once a month to ensure the equipment is functioning are in place and being followed.
specification by hygiene technician at least every Make sure any engineering control
12 months. equipment is switched on and is working.
Thoroughly clean work equipment and the work area drinking or using the washroom.
daily. Clean other equipment and the workroom Do not use solvents to clean skin.
regularly, once a week is recommended. Clear up spills immediately. Follow
(
Store containers in a safe place (refer CGS G101). spillage procedure.
Dispose off empty containers safely. Use, maintain and store any PPE
Further information
the procedure.
Personal protective equipment (PPE) Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
2005
Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin • Industry Code of Practice for Safe Working in a
and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and Confined Space, DOSH 2010
more specific advice. Refer to SDS to see what PPE Design, Inspection, Testing and Examination of
is necessary. Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
Ask PPE supplier to help on selection of suitable • Control Guidance Sheets G101, S100, S101, S102
PPE. and R001
for some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. Useful links
dealing with spills. Refer CGS R001 for more specific • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
advice. • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
when necessary. https://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
Training

chemicals.
Provide workers with training on:.
210
Weighing (Solids)
G315
Containment
Control Approach 3


(

control measures and good practice
recommendations on weighing medium and
large quantities of solids. It describes the key
the controls must be suitable for those hazards Solids weighing
more information. Design the enclosure in sections to allow easy access
Do not allow entry to a feed hopper to remove a
blockage without isolating the equipment, checking
the atmosphere for oxygen deficiency and toxic gases
Restrict access to the work area to authorised and selecting suitable personal protective equipment.
workers only. Consider the need for explosion relief for
The work area and equipment should be clearly combustible solids, and ensure that equipment is
labelled. appropriately earthed.
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas Keep the process equipment under negative
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. pressure to prevent leaks.
Design and equipment doors, windows and air inlets.

Ensure the weigh vessel and associated pipework, Maintenance
valves and instrumentation are suitable for intended
use. Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
Ensure dust-tight connections between feed hopper, as advised by the supplier/installer, in effective and
load cell and receiving container. efficient working order and good repair.
Provide a controlled feeding device between the feed Adopt a ‘permit to work’ system for maintenance
hopper and load cell. work.
Provide as much space as possible within the Follow any special procedures that are needed before
enclosures. This will help contain the dust. the system is opened or entered, e.g. purging and
Consider how to prevent or deal with blockages washing.
without breaching the integrity of the closed system,
e.g. vibrating pads or pneumatic jets.
211

needed to safely operate the system. Supervision
Ensure the engineering control equipment is Establish a system to monitor that control measures
examined and tested against its performance are in place and being followed.
five years. Make sure any extraction system is
Cleaning and housekeeping Look for signs of leaks, wear or damage of
Thoroughly clean work equipment and the work area problems, tell the supervisor. Do not carry
daily. Clean other equipment and the workroom on working if there is a problem.
(
Store packages/containers in a safe place (refer CGS drinking or using the washroom.
G101). Do not use solvents to clean skin.
Dispose off empty packages/containers safely. Clear up spills immediately. Follow
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case Use, maintain and store any PPE
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute provided in accordance with instructions.
the procedure.
Vacuum dry dust or use wet cleaning methods. Further information
and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and • Industry Code of Practice for Safe Working in a
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101and S102 for Confined Space, DOSH 2010
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to see what • Control Guidance Sheets G101, G204, G302,
PPE is necessary. S100, S101, S102 and R001
Ask PPE supplier to help on selection of suitable
PPE. Useful links
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
for some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
dealing with spills. Refer CGS R001 for more specific • HSE COSHH essentials website:
advice. https://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
Ensure PPE is kept in a clean condition and replaced • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
when necessary. https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
contamination.
Training

chemicals.
212
Weighing (Liquids)
G316
Containment
Control Approach 3


(

recommendation on weighing medium and
large quantities of liquids. It describes the key
the controls must be suitable for those hazards Liquids weighing
more information. Consider the need for additional protection against
overfilling.
Workplace and access For flammable liquids, ensure that suitable pumps
/fans are used and that equipment is appropriately
Restrict access to the work area to authorised earthed.
workers only. Do not allow entry to vessels for maintenance before
The work area and equipment should be clearly ensuring the atmosphere is free of hazardous
labelled. substances and contains sufficient oxygen.
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas Design the closed system to allow easy
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. maintenance.
pressure to prevent leaks.
Maintenance
Use load cells or metered flow devices to dispense
fixed quantities of liquid.
Ensure the weigh vessel; associated pipe-work, Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
valves and instrumentation are suitable for the as advised by the supplier/installer, in effective and
intended use. efficient working order and good repair.
Where necessary, incorporate an agitation device Adopt a ‘permit to work’ system for maintenance
within the weigh vessel. work.
Provide venting to the weigh vessel. Either vent back Follow any special procedures that are needed
to the storage vessel or discharge to a safe place before the system is opened or entered, e.g. purging
away from doors, windows and air inlets. or cleaning.
Provide a high-level alarm, e.g. to stop delivery pump
and/or close the supply valve.
213

The effectiveness of the engineering control Establish a system to monitor that control measures
equipment can be checked by monitoring of worker are in place and being followed.
Keep records of all inspections, examinations and Look for signs of leaks, wear or damage of
testing for at least five years. any equipment used. If worker finds any
(
Clean work equipment and the work area daily. drinking or using the washroom.
Clean other equipment and the workroom regularly, Do not use solvents to clean skin.
once a week is recommended. Clear up spills immediately. Follow
Store containers in a safe place (refer CGS G101).
Dispose off empty containers safely.
Personal protective equipment (PPE) • Guidelines on Occupational Safety Guidelines on
the Use of Personal Protective Equipment Against
Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin Chemicals Hazards, DOSH 2005
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101 and S102 for Confined Space, DOSH 2010 and Health for
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to get Design, Inspection, Testing and Examination of
information on suitable PPE. Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable • Control Guidance Sheets G101, S100, S101, S102
PPE. and R001
Respirator protective equipment may be needed for
some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. Useful links
cleaning up spills. Refer CGS R001 for more specific • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
advice. • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
when necessary. https://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
Training

chemicals.
214
Mixing (Solids)
G317
Containment
Control Approach 3


(

chemical(s) and task(s). This sheet
provides control measure and good practice
controls must be suitable for those hazards too. Solids mixing
information. Design the closed system to allow easy maintenance
and cleaning.
Workplace and access Keep the process equipment under negative
workers only.
Maintenance
Ensure the mixer, feed and discharge conveyors are
work.
enclosed as much as possible. Screw conveyors or
pneumatic transfer are preferred.
Provide suitable seals on the mixer, conveyor covers
or cleaning.
and other access points to minimise dust leaks.
Ensure that lids, covers and other access points can
be securely closed before operating the mixer.
Ensure the materials used for constructions, seals,
gaskets etc. are suitable for the intended use. Get information from the supplier on all parameters
Consider the need for arrangements to prevent needed to safely operate the system.
over-pressurisation of the mixer, e.g. by venting to a Inspect the engineering control equipment at least
safe place away from doors, windows and air inlets. once a month to ensure the equipment is functioning
Consider the need for explosion relief for properly and effectively.
combustible solids, and ensure that equipment is Ensure the engineering control equipment is
appropriately earthed. examined and tested against its performance
215

months.
Make sure any extraction system is
five years.
Take special care not to overfill the mixer.
Cleaning and housekeeping Look for signs of leaks, wear or damage of
Thoroughly clean work equipment and the work area problems, tell the supervisor. Do not carry
daily. Clean other equipment and the workroom on working if there is a problem.
Store packages/containers in a safe place (refer CGS drinking or using the washroom.
G101). Do not use solvents to clean skin.
Dispose off empty packages/containers safely. Clear up spills immediately. Follow
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case Use, maintain and store any PPE
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute provided in accordance with instructions.
the procedure.
(
2005
Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin • Control Guidance Sheets G101, G204, G302,
and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and S100, S101and S102
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to see what Useful links
PPE is necessary. • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
Ask PPE supplier to help on selection of suitable • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary https://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
cleaning up spills. https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
contamination.
Training

chemicals.
Supervision

216
Mixing (Liquids)
G318
Containment
Control Approach 3


(

quantities of liquids. It describes the key points
Liquid mixing
information. Design the closed system to allow easy maintenance
and cleaning.
Workplace and access Keep the process equipment under negative
pressure to prevent leakage.
workers only.
labelled. Maintenance
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
Design and equipment efficient working order and good repair.
The mixer should be fully enclosed and provided with work.
effective seals on the lid, other access points and Follow any special procedures that are needed
mixer drive shafts. before the system is opened or entered, e.g. purging
Ensure the mixer is adequately vented to prevent and washing.
pressure build-up.
The mixer should be provided with liquid level and Inspection, testing and examination
pressure indicators that are clearly visible.
Consider the use of pressure relief valves and/or Get information on the design performance of the
bursting discs for reactive materials. equipment from the supplier. Keep this information to
Do not allow entry to a closed mixer for cleaning or compare with future test results.
maintenance until the equipment has been isolated, Inspect the engineering control equipment at least
made safe and the atmosphere checked for oxygen once a month to ensure the equipment is functioning
deficiency or toxic gases. properly and effectively.
217
The effectiveness of the engineering control Training programme should be reviewed and
equipment can be checked by monitoring of worker conducted at least once in two years.
Ensure the engineering control equipment is Supervision
specification by hygiene technician at least every 12 Provide supervision to ensure that safe work
months. procedures are followed.
Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least Establish a system to monitor that all control
five years. measures are in place and being followed.
Clean work equipment and the work area daily. Clean Make sure any engineering control
other equipment and the workroom regularly, once a equipment is switched on and working.
week is recommended. Look for signs of leaks, wear and damage
Deal with spills immediately. Plan procedure in case before every job.If worker finds any
of a spill and communicate with workers and execute problems, tell the supervisor. Do not just
the procedure. carry on working.
containers drum safely (refer CGS G101).
(
spillage procedure.
Do not clean up with a dry brush or compressed air. provided in accordance with instructions.
Vacuum dry dust or use wet cleaning methods. Do not use solvents to clean skin.
Wash hands before eating, drinking,
Personal protective equipment (PPE) smoking, using the washroom and after
work.
personal protective equipment is necessary. Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
protective equipment. • Industry Code of Practice for Safe Working in a
Respiratory protective equipment may be necessary Confined Space, DOSH 2010
for some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. • Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for
cleaning up spills. Refer CGS R001 for more specific Design, Inspection, Testing and Examination of
advice. Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
Ensure PPE is kept in a clean condition and replaced • Control Guidance Sheets G101, S100, S101, S102
when necessary. and R001
contamination. Useful links
Personal Decontamination • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
Provide warm water, mild skin cleansers, and soft https://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
paper or fabric towels for drying. Avoid abrasive • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
cleansers. https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
Training

chemicals.
218
Robotised Spray Booth

G319
Containment
Control Approach 3


(

recommendation on surface coating with
medium and large quantities of liquids using a
robotised spray booth. It describes the key
Robotised spray booth
too. Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for For flammable liquids, ensure that suitable
more information. pumps/fans are used and that appropriate earthing is
undertaken.
Workplace and access Design the closed system to allow easy
maintenance.
workers only.
labelled.
Maintenance
Design and equipment Ensure all equipment used for the task is maintained
Keep the open area as small as possible.
work.
Airflow into openings must be sufficient to effectively
control airborne contaminants. This will depend on
the design and size of openings.
or cleaning.
Use filters to prevent paint deposits on electric
motors, fan blades and ventilation ducts.
Consider where sprayed items are to be located
while drying. A second ventilated area may be
required. Get information from the supplier on all parameters
Provide good lighting in the booth area. Select needed to safely operate the system.
lighting equipment suitable for the nature of the Inspect the engineering control equipment at least
substances and processes, e.g. flameproof. once a month to ensure the equipment is functioning
219

Keep records for all examinations and tests for at Look for signs of leaks, wear or damage of
least five years. any equipment used. If worker finds any
Clean work equipment and the work area daily. Clean drinking or using the washroom.
other equipment and the workroom regularly - once a Do not use solvents to clean skin.
week is recommended. Clear up spills immediately. Follow
Further information
(
2005
Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin • Industry Code of Practice for Safe Working in a
and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and Confined Space, DOSH 2010
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101 and S102 for • Guidelines on Monitoring of Airborne Contaminant
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to get for Chemicals Hazardous to Health, DOSH 2002
information on PPE. • Control Guidance Sheets G101, S100, S101, S102
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable and R001
PPE.
Respirator protective equipment may be necessary Useful links
cleaning up spills. Refer CGS R001 for more specific • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
Ensure PPE is kept in a clean condition and replaced https://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
when necessary. • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
Store PPE in appropriate places to avoid https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
contamination. safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
Training

chemicals.
Supervision

220
Automated Powder Coating

G320
Containment
Control Approach 3


(

recommendation on automated powder coating
using medium or large quantities of solids. It
Automated power coating
the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more Make the booth large enough to contain overspray.
information. Provide interlock arrangements on access doors to
shut off the conveyor and paint supply when the door
Workplace and access is opened.
Restrict access to the work area to authorised combustible solids, and ensure equipment is a
workers only. appropriately earthed.
The work area and equipment should be clearly Design the closed system to allow easy
labelled. maintenance.
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas Keep the process equipment under negative
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. pressure to prevent leaks.
Maintenance
The booth should have smooth impervious internal
surfaces or other arrangements to deal with
overspray, e.g. strippable coating. Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
Adjust the application equipment to minimise powder as advised by the supplier/installer, in effective and
use. efficient working order and good repair.
Provide arrangements to collect and recycle excess Adopt a ‘permit to work’ system for maintenance
powder. work.
Airflow into openings into the spray booth must be Follow any special procedures that are needed before
sufficient to effectively control airborne contaminants. the system is opened or entered, e.g. purging or
This will depend on the design and size of openings. cleaning.
Use ‘air curtains’ at the entrance and exit to contain
dust.
221

Ensure the engineering control equipment is Establish a system to monitor that all control
examined and tested against its performance measures are in place and being followed.
Keep records of all inspection, examinations and
tests for at least five years. Make sure any engineering control
Clean work equipment and the working area daily. worker finds any problems, tell the
Clean other equipment and the workroom regularly, supervisor. Do not carry on working if
once a week is recommended. there is a problem.
(
Store packages/containers in a safe place (refer CGS Clear up spills immediately. Follow
G101). spillage procedure.
Dispose off empty packages/containers safely. Use, maintain and store any PPE
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101and S102 for Confined Space, DOSH 2010
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to get • Guidelines on Monitoring of Airborne Contaminant
information on suitable PPE. for Chemicals Hazardous to Health, DOSH 2002
Ask PPE supplier for advice on selection of suitable • Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for
PPE. Design, Inspection, Testing and Examination of
Respiratory protective equipment may be needed for Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008
some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. • Guidelines on the Control of Chemicals Hazardous
cleaning up spills. Refer CGS R001 for more specific to Health, DOSH 2001
advice. • Control Guidance Sheets G101, G204, G302,
Ensure PPE is kept in a clean condition and replaced S100, S101, S102 and R001
when necessary.
Training
222
Vapour Degreasing Bath

G321
Containment
Control Approach 3


(

recommendation on using vapour degreasing
baths with medium or large quantities of
be followed to reduce exposure to an
Vapour degreasing baths
Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more Consider the need for a mechanical hoist to reduce
information. manual handling and reduce operator exposure
during loading/unloading.
Workplace and access Ensure workers are trained on how to safely clean and
maintain the bath.
Ensure the bath has a bottom drain to remove solvent
for cleaning.
workers only.
maintenance.
labelled.
Maintenance
Design the equipment to fully enclose both the bath
and the loading zone.
The freeboard height should be at least 75% of the
width of the open area of the bath.
Set the thermostat correctly and balance the heating
and cooling systems so as not to overload the
work.
cooling coils.
Provide an extraction purge to remove any excess
vapour from the load/unload zone.
washing.
Provide an internal lid to reduce vapour release into
the load/unload zone.
223
Make sure the engineering control
months.
Look for signs of leaks, wear or damage
five years.
before every job. If worker finds any
on working if there is a problem.
Clean work equipment and the working area daily. drinking or using the washroom.
Clean other equipment and the workroom Do not use solvents to clean skin.
regularly - once a week is recommended. Clear up spills immediately. Follow
(
Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101 and S102 for 2005
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to get • Control Guidance Sheets G101, S100, S101, S102
information on suitable PPE. and R001
PPE. Useful links
Respiratory protective equipment may be needed for • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
cleaning up spills. Refer CGS R001 for more specific • HSE COSHH essentials website:
contamination.
Training
Give workers information on the harmful nature of the

chemicals.
224
Spray Drying
G322
Containment
Control Approach 3


(

recommendation on spray drying medium or
large quantities of solids and liquids. It
Spray drying
the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for more Discharge extracted air to a safe place away from
information. doors, windows and air inlets.
Workplace and access Maintenance
Restrict access to the work area to authorised Ensure all equipment used in the task is maintained
workers only as by the supplier/installer, in effective and efficient
Put up warning sign at the entrance of work areas working order and good repair.
where chemicals hazardous to health are used. Adopt a ‘permit to work’ system for maintenance
work.
Design and equipment Follow any special procedures that are needed before
Clearly label the work area and equipment. washing.
Design the feed and discharge to and from the drying
chamber through pipes rather than a loading door. Inspection, testing and examination
Apply good thermal insulation.
Lights/signs should clearly indicate when the dryer is Get information from the supplier on all parameters
in use. needed to safely operate the system.
Use a heat reclamation and air filtration system in Inspect the engineering control equipment at least
conjunction with the dryer. once a month to ensure the equipment is functioning
Air throughput should be via a negative pressure fan. properly and effectively.
Consider the need for explosion relief for Ensure the engineering control equipment is
combustible solids and ensure equipment is examined and tested against its performance
appropriately earthed. specification by hygiene technician at least every 12
Design the closed system to allow easy months.
maintenance. Keep records of all examinations and tests for at least
Keep the process equipment under negative five years.
225
Thoroughly clean work equipment and the work area Before use, check that the seals are
daily. Clean other equipment and the workroom intact.
regularly, once a week is recommended. Look for signs of leaks, wear or damage of
Store packages/containers in a safe place (refer CGS any equipment used. If worker finds any
G101). problems, tell the supervisor. Do not carry
Dispose off empty packages/containers safely. on working if there is a problem.
For solids, do not clean up with a dry brush or spillage procedure.
compressed air. Use, maintain and store any PPE
Vacuum dry dust or use wet cleaning methods. provided in accordance with instructions.

Chemicals in hazard group S can damage the skin • Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective
(
and eyes, or enter the body through the skin and Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH
cause harm. Refer CGS S100, S101 and S102 for 2005
more specific advice. Refer to the SDS to see what • Control Guidance Sheets G101, G204, G302,
PPE is necessary. S100, S101, S102 and R001
Ask PPE supplier for help on selection of suitable
PPE. Useful links
Respiratory protective equipment may be needed for • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
some cleaning and maintenance activities, e.g. • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
cleaning up spills. Refer CGS R001 for more specific • HSE COSHH essentials website:
contamination.
Training
chemicals.
Supervision

226
General Principles
G400
Special
Control Approach 3
This guidance sheet is aimed to guide employers to comply with the requirements of the
Occupational Safety and Health (Use and Standards of Exposure of Chemicals Hazardous to
Health) Regulations (USECHH Regulations) by controlling exposure to chemicals and protecting
workers’ health. The sheet is part of the Simple Risk Assessment and Control for Chemicals
(SiRAC).
This sheet is use where the assessment recommends Control Approach 4 (Special) as the
approach needed for chemical(s) and task(s). Some chemicals can also be flammable or corrosive.
Therefore, the controls must be suitable for those hazards too. Refer to Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
for more information.
Background
Control Approach 4 (Special) means a situation where more specific and specialist advice needed. The advice may
come from an expert such as:
• industrial hygienist;
(
• chemical health risk assessor;
• hygiene technician; or
• professional engineer.
These experts can give site-specific advice on risk assessment, the possibility of substituting the chemical for a less
hazardous chemical, and control measures.
Control Approach 4 is selected for chemicals that can easily become airborne that are handled in large quantities for
chemicals assigned to hazard group C or that are handled in medium to large quantities for chemicals assigned to
hazard group D. Different types of control will be needed for different chemicals in this group.
227
Guidance on expert advice
Expert Area of expertise
Industrial hygienist Risk assessment, control and chemical monitoring.

The industrial hygienist prime responsibilities typically include
to:
• assess worker exposures to hazards (i.e. physical hazard,
chemical hazard and biological hazard, etc.);
• recommend specific recommendations for effective control
of the risks identified;
• communicate risks and control measures to workers,
management, and others affected;
• respond to emergencies;
• develop industrial hygiene programmes; and
• regulate compliance, etc.
Chemical health risk Risk assessment and control for chemicals hazardous to
assessor health. The assessor prime responsibilities typically include:
• to assess worker exposures to chemical hazards; and
• to recommend specific recommendations for effective
control of the risks identified.
(
Professional engineer Design of engineering control equipment such as local
exhaust ventilation and containment.
Hygiene technician The hygiene technician prime responsibilities typically

include:
• to monitor airborne contaminants; and
• to examine and test the engineering control equipment.
Further information Useful links

• Safety Data Sheets • DOSH portal: https://www.dosh.gov.my
• Guidelines on the Use of Personal Protective • SiRAC Online: sirac.dosh.gov.my
Equipment Against Chemicals Hazards, DOSH • HSE COSHH essentials website:
2005 https://www.hse.gov.uk/coshh/essentials/index.htm
• Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for • ILO International Chemical Control Toolkit website:
Design, Inspection, Testing and Examination of https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/
Local Exhaust Ventilation System, DOSH 2008. safework/ctrl_banding/toolkit/icct/index.htm
228
Department of Occupational Safety and Health De
Level 1, 3, 4 & 5 Block D4, Complex D,
Government Administrative Centre,
62530 W. P. Putrajaya
Tel: +603 8000 5000 | Faks: +603 8889 2352
Email : jkkp@mohr.gov.my
ISBN 978-967-16706-1-3

Department of Occupational Safety and Health: Ministry of Human Resources Malaysia

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Department of Occupational Safety and Health

Ministry of Human Resources

e Risk Manual on Simple Risk

Manual on Simple Risk

[This Page Is Intentionally Left Blank]

SiRAC Simple Risk Assessment and Control for Chemicals

DOSH Department of Occupational Safety and Health

CGS Control Guidance Sheet

OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 or as amended

CHRA Chemical Health Risk Assessment

SDS Safety Data Sheet

CPL Occupational Safety and Health (Classification, Packaging and Labelling of

PPE Personal Protective Equipment

IBC Intermediate Bulk Container

RPE Respiratory Protective Equipment

LEV Local Exhaust Ventilation

PART 2: SCOPE AND APPLICATION

PART 4: STEPS IN CONDUCTING SiRAC

7.0 LIST OF TABLES 34

8.0 LIST OF FIGURES 35

Appendix 1: List of Hazard Statements 36

1.1 Legal Requirements

1.2 Chemicals Hazardous to Health

(a) listed in Schedule I or II of the USECHH Regulations;

1.3 Full Assessment versus Simple Assessment

The flow chart for selection of assessment approach is shown in Figure 1.

1.3.1 Full assessment

Generic assessment is a full assessment conducted at representative locations which may be

1.3.2 Simple assessment

(a) hazard classification and hazard statement (H-code);

1.4 Benefits of Controlling Exposure to Chemicals Hazardous to Health

(a) It adds to the unnecessary and preventable burden of ill health;

1.5 Person to Conduct SiRAC

A person who conduct SiRAC should:

1.6 Training Syllabus for Persons Conducting SiRAC

PART 2: SCOPE AND APPLICATION

2.1 Scope and Application

SiRAC does not generally apply to the following types of chemicals:

(a) Chemical classified as carcinogenicity category 1, mutagenicity category 1 or

2.2 Routes of Exposure

2.2.2 Dermal contact and absorption

3.1 Hazard Classes and Groups

Table 3.1: Hazard Groups A to D (chemicals causing harm when airborne)

3.1.1 Hazard group consideration for mixture made in the workplace

3.2 Factors Which Affect Exposure

3.2.1 Scale of use

Table 3.3: Scale of Chemical in Use

3.2.2 Ability to become airborne

(a) replacing fine powders with pellets or less dusty granules; or

Table 3.4: Level of Dustiness

Level Descriptions Example

Crystalline, granular solids. When used, dust

Table 3.5a: Degree of Volatility Based on Vapour Pressure

Volatility band Vapour pressure

Table 3.5b: Degree of Volatility Based on Boiling Point at 25 C

Degree Descriptions Example

High Boiling point below 50 C Butadiene

Low Ethylene glycol, carbon

Figure 2: Graph to select volatility of liquid

Alternatively, the degree of volatility is determined in Table 3.5c :

Table 3.5c: Formula to determine the degree of volatility

Boiling Point Volatility

Boiling point < (2 x OT) + 10 C High